CN108651459A - A method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine - Google Patents
A method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108651459A CN108651459A CN201810648867.6A CN201810648867A CN108651459A CN 108651459 A CN108651459 A CN 108651459A CN 201810648867 A CN201810648867 A CN 201810648867A CN 108651459 A CN108651459 A CN 108651459A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- capsaicine
- rice
- solution
- brown spot
- rice brown
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
Abstract
The method for preventing water rice brown spot based on capsaicine that the invention discloses a kind of, belongs to rice disease Prevention Technique field.Committed step of the present invention is as follows：The capsaicin solution that rice plant spraying concentration for normal growth is 2.5~15mg/L, sprays once every three days, can be used for preventing water rice brown spot twice in succession.Environment friendly and pollution-free, no environmental toxicity of the invention, it is easy to operate, dosage is few, quick, has higher inhibiting rate to flax leaf spot fungi in experiment in vitro, and infringement of the flax leaf spot on rice can be prevented, the pesticide that may be based on capsaicine provides wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rice disease Prevention Technique field, more particularly to a kind of prevention rice oriental sesame leaf based on capsaicine
The method of pinta.
Background technology
Capsaicine (capsaicin) is to be widely present in Solanaceae capsicum plants, especially pimiento (chilipepper)
In a kind of vanilla amide alkaloid.For mammal including people, capsaicine is all a kind of irritation object
The tissue of matter, body once touches this ingredient, just will produce strong burning sensation.
The capsaicine molecule of the crystalline states isolated first of P.A.Bucholz in 1816, L.T.Thresh is again after 30 years
Secondary isolated this substance is simultaneously named as capsaicine (alkali).Until capsaicine structure in 1919 is by the parts E.K.Nelson
It illustrates, E.Spath and F.S.Darling is in nineteen thirty capsaicine molecule artificial synthesized first on this basis.Hereafter, Japanese
Chemist S.Kosuge and the Y.Inagaki a series of similar substance of the isolated structures from pimiento, referred to as capsicum again
Plain substance (capsaicinoids).
Capsaicine sterling is in monocline rectangle sheet colourless crystallization, 65 DEG C of fusing point, 210-220 DEG C of boiling point.Be soluble in ethyl alcohol,
Ether, benzene and chloroform, are slightly soluble in carbon disulfide.Capsaicine can be hydrolyzed to vanillyl amine and decylenic acid, because it is with phenol hydroxyl
Base and it is weakly acidic, so dissolving in buck and dye-forming reaction can occur with fehling reagent (Folin).Capsaicine is capsicum
Main ingredient in cellulose crystal, high-purity capsaicin are a kind of white needle-like crystals.From the natural capsicum cellulose crystal of production at
The capsaicine crystals that the molecular weight that work(isolates single composition is 305.4, product is white needle-like crystals, capsicum alkali content >=
97%.
Capsicum is common flavoring agent in people's daily life as food, and in China, wide geographic area has plantation yield very
Greatly, the red hot pepper after especially aging is dry, is current the most salable peppery flavouring；As the main active of capsicum,
Capsaicine can promote the body fluid circulatory of body, the metabolism of substance to maintain blood pressure balance.Vivo environment is cleaned, therefore capsaicine is
A kind of good nutriment.
Contain a large amount of antioxidant in pimiento, capsaicine therein has antibacterial, sterilization idiocratic capsaicine to wax
Sample bacillus (Bacillus cereus) and hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis) have significant inhibiting effect, make it
It can be used as potential food preservative.Numerous studies show that capsaicine can inhibit main bacteria and fungi, such as large intestine in food
Bacillus (Escherich ia coli), staphylococcus aureus (Stap hylococcu saureus), brewer's yeast (Sac2
Charomyces cerev isiae) Australia's yeast (S.ellipoi2 deus) etc., but der Pilz unrestraint is acted on.
Capsaicine is relatively stablized in different pH value ranges, can play bacteriostasis well in neutral conditions, it antibacterial
Effect is also relatively stablized at high temperature.
Water rice brown spot, also known as Hemintho-sporum leaf spot of rice plants, flax leaf blight, be by Deuteromycotina rice Bipolaris,
Also known as rice is from a kind of fungal disease caused by compacted spore (Bipolaris oryzae).In 20th century, water rice brown spot is in Billy
When, India, Bangladesh, Iran, the country such as Philippine and South America have generation.Especially in 1945, Bangladesh of India is because recklessly
Sesame slices pinta is big to cause rice large area to lose receipts, leads to the big famine of more than 200 ten thousand people hungry to death.Meanwhile the Hubei in China,
Multiple provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions such as Jilin, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Beijing, Shanghai, Ningxia, Guangxi it has also been found that this
Disease.Since 21 century, in Tianjin, Hebei Tang, Qinhuangdao, Zhaoping, Tanghai, Guangxi, cities and counties' disease such as peaceful, Zhanyi, Yunnan is again
Further occur, the degree that causes harm is rare for nearly 20 years, becomes the Major Diseases of some regional late rices.These susceptible fields in area
Block, the general underproduction 10~30%, 50% or more severe patient's underproduction are even had no harvest, and serious economic loss is caused to peasant.
Capsaicine is widely used in the fields such as food, fresh-keeping, medical, but is not yet opened as pesticide control rice pest
Hair application.Prevention rice pest mostly uses Agro-chemicals control at this stage, and environmental pollution is big, to human toxicity height, smell
It is pungent, and also increase year by year as the resistance of pest and disease damage increases its dosage, effect is also gradually deteriorated.
There are some researches prove will contain leaf of the spray solution in plant of a certain concentration capsaicine, stem, fruit and take, can have
Capsaicine is prevented rice pest with very strong by effect expulsion aphid, spider, defoliator and flea etc. as biochemical pesticide
Operability, and food is derived from, it is nontoxic to human body, it has no effect to ecological environment.At present, capsaicine is mainly from capsicum
It is extracted in fruit, existing extraction process operability is strong, production cost is low, yield is high, purity is high, is carried for the application of capsaicine
Good basis is supplied.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention：Existing water rice brown spot chemical prevention means environmental pollution is big, poison
Property it is high, control effect is deteriorated year by year, and dosage is big, and input is high.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides technical solution below：
The present invention provides a kind of method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine, and the method includes walking as follows
Suddenly：
(1) capsaicin solution is prepared；
(2) when preventing water rice brown spot, the rice plant spraying concentration to normal growth is the peppery of 2.5~15mg/L
Green pepper element solution sprays once, twice in succession every three days；
Preferably, the capsaicin solution preparation method is as follows：
(2.1) precision weighs capsicum cellulose crystal 1mL and analyzes pure DMSO fully shakings dissolving；
(2.2) accurate to measure 999mL distilled waters, it is mixed by being sufficiently stirred in above-mentioned capsaicine DMSO solution addition distilled water
It is even；
(2.3) organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is weighed on demand, and the solution and organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether in heating stepses (2) are extremely
50 DEG C, organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added while stirring in the solution in step (2.2) using magnetic stirring apparatus, speed of agitator
For 500rpm；
(2.4) after organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added completely into solution, 50 DEG C of constant temperature continues same rotational speed and stirs 20min,
Cooled to room temperature is spare；
(2.5) concentrated hydrochloric acid adjusts pH value.
The method further includes following conventional rice cultivation step：
1, variety selection
Disease carrying germ, worm sources, nothing do not break grain, the rice breeding seedling without blighted grain but anhydrous rice brown spot resistance for choosing.
2, seed treatment
It is sorted seed by salt water with 20%, the seed selected is watered 10 kilograms with seed soaking spirit 2mL, soaks seed 6 kilograms, seed soaking 4~5 days
After pull out and drain carry out vernalization, can be sowed after thering is 50% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
3, it sows
Selected calm warm day sowing April 10~20, by 4~5 kilograms of bud paddy of each seedling bed, uniform broadcasting carries out after broadcasting
Paddy (stepping on paddy can not be too deep, not decomposed organic matter cannot be used to cover) is stepped on, seed is buried the state " containing seven dew three "；It is after planting
Epiphragma heat preservation, moisturizing fill water to keep seedling bed to moisten in seedling ditch on ordinary days.
4. rice transplanting
Rice transplanting on May 10~20,30~45 days length of time rice seedlings grow, 4~5 leaf of leaf age, 15~20cm of plant height.Strain point distance 28cm ×
12cm, 20,000 cave per acre, per 4~6 seedling of cave, Basic Seedling 8~120,000 per acre.Using artificial Planting Patterns.Insert it is straight, insert it is even, stick with,
It is deep only very little without drift seedling；It is not inserted through noon seedling, is not inserted through night seedling, do not insert sick seedling, weak seedling.
5. field management
Early November, after rice machine is received, stalk whole returning to the field is ploughed deeply, and mu crop-residue incorporation is at 700 kilograms or more, while mu
Apply 2000 kilograms of farm manure.Furrow are done in coming year early March, ridge building, per 3~5 mu of furrow；Mid-March, soaked field, field soil carry out after soaking
Horizontal site preparation reaches difference of height in 3~5cm per furrow flatness.
After rice transplanting, deep water protects seedling, and 3~5cm of water layer makes rice shoot 1/2~1/3 be placed in water, and reduces leaf transpiration, promotes morning
It turns green.Rice shoot is turned green after work, shallow water management, and the dry wet rush of dry and wet divides evil.Evil latter stage is divided to carry out first time dry field, time 4~5
It；Rice Growing mid-term, shallow water management, intermittent irrigation.Before and after July 10, ear differentiation is begun the phase, carries out second of dry field, when
Between 7~10 days.After Rice Heading, the wet management of dry and wet is done, gathers in first 7 days and drains.
15 kilograms of total topdressing amount urea per acre, 25 kilograms of N, P, K composite fertilizer (N, P, K content are 20-10-10%).Rice transplanting
5 kgs/acre of dressing of turnning green stage urea living is imposed within 2~3 days afterwards.Impose within 10~15 days after rice transplanting tillering stage dressing, 5 kgs/acre of urea, phosphoric acid
Two 13 kgs/acre of ammonium compound fertilizers.Impose ear manuer, 5 kgs/acre of urea, 12 kgs/acre of composite fertilizer mid-July.
Preferably, the solvent of the capsaicin solution is the DMSO that volume ratio is ‰ 1, and 0.1~10% (wt) organosilicon is poly-
Ethylene oxide ether, remaining is pure water.
Preferably, pH value is 6.5~7.5.
It is further preferred that a kind of method of prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine, prevents rice recklessly
When sesame slices pinta, the rice plant spraying concentration to normal growth is 5mg/mL, and the capsaicin solution of PH7.0 sprays every three days
Once, twice in succession.
The advantageous effect that the present invention obtains：
When the present invention prevents water rice brown spot, incidence can be made to be down to 8.9%, with existing Agro-chemicals control means
Compared to having the following advantages：Simple and practicable, production cost is low, quick, and control effect is good, can protect rice in a short time
It is infected from flax leaf spot, to reduce or eliminate loss of the rice when flax leaf spot is broken out.
Specific implementation mode
Below by the description to embodiment, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail, with side
Those skilled in the art is helped to have more complete, accurate and deep understanding to the inventive concept of the present invention, technical solution.
Steps are as follows for the selection of capsaicine minimum inhibitory concentration in the present invention：
Precision weighs capsicum cellulose crystal, is dissolved with pure DMSO, then dilutes 1000 times to final concentration of 200mg/ with distilled water
ML adjusts PH to 6.5~7.5 with the hydrochloric acid of 0.1M, and 0.25 μm of membrane filtration degerming, 4 DEG C save backup.
The inoculation activation flax leaf spot fungi on PDA solid mediums, 27 DEG C, cultivates 48h under 70% damp condition, transfers
In pathogen to PDA liquid medium, 72h is cultivated under 70% damp condition, will be incubated the culture medium 1000rpm of 72h by 27 DEG C,
10min is centrifuged, three times, corrected concentrations to 0.5 Maxwell standard are equivalent to 1.0 × 10 to brine6CFU/mL。
Sterile test tube (13 × 100mm) 13 is taken, is arranged in a row, in addition to 1.6mL is added in the 1st pipe, often PDA is added in pipe for remaining
Fluid nutrient medium 1ml is added 200mg/mL capsaicin solution 0.4ml mixings in the 1st pipe, then draws 1ml to the 2nd and manage, mixing
Draw the pipes of 1ml to the 3rd again afterwards, such continuous doubling dilution is drawn 1mL from the 8th pipe and discarded to the 8th pipe, and the 9th pipe is to be not added with
The empty training control of capsaicine.At this time each pipe capsaicin concentration be followed successively by 40,20,10,5,2.5,1.25,0.625,0.313mg/L.
Then above-mentioned each 1ml of the inoculum prepared is added in every pipe, it is about 5 × 10 to make the final bacterial concentration of every pipe5CFU/mL.The
1 pipe to the 8th pipe drug concentration is respectively 20,10,5,2.5,1.25,0.625,0.313,0.156mg/L.The dilution that will be inoculated with
The good plug of pipe close, sets 27 DEG C, is incubated for 24 hours under 70% damp condition.
As a result judge and explain before reading and reporting the MIC of institute's test strain, should check the bacterium life of growth control pipe
Whether long situation is good, while should also check the secondary culture situation of inoculum to determine if to pollute, the MIC of Quality-control strains
Whether value is in Quality Control range.To visually observe, drug minimum concentration pipe is without bacterial growth person, the as MIC of capsaicin solution.
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 capsaicin solution of table to flax leaf spot fungi
Note："-" indicates that test tube liquid is transparent, no microorganism growth；"+" indicates that test tube liquid is muddy, there is microorganism growth.
Capsaicin solution is 2.5mg/mL to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of water rice brown spot bacterium as shown in Table 1.
Capsaicin solution pH value selection method is as follows in the present invention：
Peppery 2.5mg/mL capsaicin solutions are adjusted to different pH value solution with 0.1M hydrochloric acid, with card punch by qualitative filter
Paper reaches the sequin of diameter 7mm, enters in capsaicine stoste after sterilizing, impregnates 12h.
PDA solid mediums are prepared, 121 DEG C, 30min high pressure steam sterilizations, super-clean bench is interior to press each plate diameter 9mm
25ml carries out aseptic subpackaged.The inoculation activation flax leaf spot fungi on PDA solid mediums, is trained under 70% damp condition by 27 DEG C
48h is supported, in pathogen to PDA liquid medium of transferring, 27 DEG C, 72h is cultivated under 70% damp condition, the culture of 72h will be incubated
Base 1000rpm centrifuges 10min, and three times, corrected concentrations to 0.5 Maxwell standard are equivalent to 1.0 × 10 to brine8CFU/
mL.It is wiped with aseptic cotton carrier and dips bacterium solution, wall rotation in vitro, which is squeezed, goes after extra bacterium solution in PDA solid culture primary surfaces, uniformly
Coating inoculation 3 times, 60 degree of each Rotating Plates are finally smeared 1 week along tablet inner edge.After tablet is dried at room temperature for 3-5min
Drug paper disk is tightly attached to agar surface with aseptic nipper and sets 27 DEG C of incubations for 24 hours.Measure the diameter of record inhibition zone, experiment weight
It is 10 times multiple.
Influence of 2 different PH of table to the inhibition zone size of capsaicin solution
Antibacterial circle diameter and bacteriostasis size are negatively correlated, and capsaicin solution is in PH6.5~7.5 as seen from the results in Table 2
Soda acid within the scope of it is the most notable to the inhibiting effect of flax leaf spot fungi.And bacteriostasis reaches maximum value in pH value 7.0.
Embodiment 1:Organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is preferred using concentration in preventing water rice brown spot
It is tested as follows：
1, capsaicin solution is prepared, steps are as follows：
(1) precision weighs capsicum cellulose crystal 5mg, 1mL and analyzes pure DMSO fully shakings dissolving；
(2) accurate to measure 999mL distilled waters, above-mentioned capsaicine DMSO solution is added in distilled water and is sufficiently stirred mixing；
(3) weigh organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether, the solution and organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether in heating stepses (2) to 50 DEG C,
Organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added while stirring in the solution in step (2) using magnetic stirring apparatus, speed of agitator is
500rpm, it is respectively 0,0.1,0.5,1,5,10% (wt) to make the concentration of organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether；
(4) after organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added completely into solution, 50 DEG C of constant temperature continues same rotational speed and stirs 20min, from
It is so cooled to room temperature spare；
(5) concentrated hydrochloric acid adjusts pH value to 7.0.
2, after the mycelia on picking inclined-plane activates 3d on new PDA solid mediums, bacteria cake is taken to be transferred to PDA Liquid Cultures
In base, 28 DEG C, 120r/min shaking table dark culturing 2d, it is spare that culture solution is homogenized 5min.
3, it selects Nipponbare as tested rice varieties, is sorted seed by salt water with 20%, the seed selected converted with seed soaking spirit 2mL
10 kilograms of water is soaked seed 6 kilograms, and seed soaking is pulled out after 4~5 days and drains carry out vernalization, can be sowed after having 50% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally.April
10~20, calm warm day sowing is selected, by 4~5 kilograms of bud paddy of each seedling bed, uniform broadcasting carries out stepping on paddy after broadcasting and (steps on paddy not
Can be too deep, not decomposed organic matter cannot be used to cover), seed is buried the state " containing seven dew three "；It is after planting epiphragma heat preservation, protects
It is wet, water is filled in seedling ditch to keep seedling bed to moisten on ordinary days.Rice transplanting on May 10~20,30~45 days length of time rice seedlings grow, 4~5 leaf of leaf age, strain
High 15~20cm.Strain point distance 28cm × 12cm, 20,000 cave per acre, per 4~6 seedling of cave, Basic Seedling 8~120,000 per acre.Using Planting
The mode of inserting.Insert it is straight, insert it is even, stick with, no drift seedling, depth is only very little；It is not inserted through noon seedling, is not inserted through night seedling, do not insert sick seedling, weak seedling.11
In the first tenday period of a month moon, after rice machine is received, stalk whole returning to the field is ploughed deeply, and mu crop-residue incorporation is at 700 kilograms or more, while mu applies farm manure
2000 kilograms.Furrow are done in coming year early March, ridge building, per 3~5 mu of furrow；Mid-March, soaked field, the horizontal site preparation of carry out after field soil soaks,
Reach difference of height in 3~5cm per furrow flatness.
After rice transplanting, deep water protects seedling, and 3~5cm of water layer makes rice shoot 1/2~1/3 be placed in water, and reduces leaf transpiration, promotes morning
It turns green.Rice shoot is turned green after work, shallow water management, and the dry wet rush of dry and wet divides evil.Evil latter stage is divided to carry out first time dry field, time 4~5
It；Rice Growing mid-term, shallow water management, intermittent irrigation.Before and after July 10, ear differentiation is begun the phase, carries out second of dry field, when
Between 7~10 days.After Rice Heading, the wet management of dry and wet is done, gathers in first 7 days and drains.
15 kilograms of total topdressing amount urea per acre, 25 kilograms of N, P, K composite fertilizer (N, P, K content are 20-10-10%).Rice transplanting
5 kgs/acre of dressing of turnning green stage urea living is imposed within 2~3 days afterwards.Impose within 10~15 days after rice transplanting tillering stage dressing, 5 kgs/acre of urea, phosphoric acid
Two 13 kgs/acre of ammonium compound fertilizers.Impose ear manuer, 5 kgs/acre of urea, 12 kgs/acre of composite fertilizer mid-July.
4, the rice of normal growth is randomly divided into 9 groups to treat, negative control group sprays aseptic double-distilled water, positive right
40% different rice blast net missible oil, 250 times of liquid are sprayed according to group, it is water-soluble that solvent group sprays 1 ‰ DMSO+1wt% organosilicone polyoxyethylene ethers
Liquid, by the ratio uniform sprinkling for spraying 100mL per square meter, experimental group spray concentration is the capsaicin solution of 5mg/L, and pH value is
7.0.The ratio uniform sprinkling of 100mL is sprayed by every square meter.Each group medicament does not have sprinkling in two days primary, altogether three times.
5, by the bacteria suspension being homogenized, uniformly sprinkling is inoculated into each group rice leaf to 6h sprayers after last sprinkling medicament
On, 50mL bacteria suspensions are sprayed per square meter, scab pattern is observed after 14d, calculate the incidence of each group water rice brown spot.
The number of blade of incidence=generation scab/total leaf number x100%
Prevention synergistic effect of the organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether of 3 various concentration of table to capsaicine
By table 3 as it can be seen that the addition of organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether can increase prevention work of the capsaicine for flax leaf spot
With the incidence for not adding organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is 15.2%, and organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is fallen ill in 1wt% additive amounts
Rate is minimum, is 8.9%.Since capsaicine is not readily dissolved in water, organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether can be used as surfactant, increase capsicum
The wetted area and speed of plain solution, spreading area is big, infiltrates into the tiny position of base of leaf stalk, plays the maximum effectiveness of drug,
Without being combined the then effect without preventing to fall ill (see solvent group) with capsaicine.
Embodiment 2：Capsaicin solution sprays the preferred of number and frequency
Concrete operation step is as follows：
1, capsaicin solution is prepared, steps are as follows：
(1) precision weighs capsicum cellulose crystal 5mg, 1mL and analyzes pure DMSO fully shakings dissolving respectively；
(2) accurate to measure 999mL distilled waters, above-mentioned capsaicine DMSO solution is added in distilled water and is sufficiently stirred mixing；
(3) 10g machine silicon polyoxyethylene ether has been weighed, the solution and organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether in heating stepses (2) to 50
DEG C, organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added while stirring in the solution in step (2) using magnetic stirring apparatus, speed of agitator is
500rpm makes a concentration of 1% (wt) of organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether；
(4) after organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added completely into solution, 50 DEG C of constant temperature continues same rotational speed and stirs 20min, from
It is so cooled to room temperature spare；
(5) concentrated hydrochloric acid adjusts pH value to 7.0.
2, after the mycelia on picking inclined-plane activates 3d on new PDA solid mediums, bacteria cake is taken to be transferred to PDA Liquid Cultures
In base, 28 DEG C, 120r/min shaking table dark culturing 2d, it is spare that culture solution is homogenized 5min.
3, it selects Nipponbare as tested rice varieties, is sorted seed by salt water with 20%, the seed selected converted with seed soaking spirit 2mL
10 kilograms of water is soaked seed 6 kilograms, and seed soaking is pulled out after 4~5 days and drains carry out vernalization, can be sowed after having 50% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally.April
10~20, calm warm day sowing is selected, by 4~5 kilograms of bud paddy of each seedling bed, uniform broadcasting carries out stepping on paddy after broadcasting and (steps on paddy not
Can be too deep, not decomposed organic matter cannot be used to cover), seed is buried the state " containing seven dew three "；It is after planting epiphragma heat preservation, protects
It is wet, water is filled in seedling ditch to keep seedling bed to moisten on ordinary days.Rice transplanting on May 10~20,30~45 days length of time rice seedlings grow, 4~5 leaf of leaf age, strain
High 15~20cm.Strain point distance 28cm × 12cm, 20,000 cave per acre, per 4~6 seedling of cave, Basic Seedling 8~120,000 per acre.Using Planting
The mode of inserting.Insert it is straight, insert it is even, stick with, no drift seedling, depth is only very little；It is not inserted through noon seedling, is not inserted through night seedling, do not insert sick seedling, weak seedling.11
In the first tenday period of a month moon, after rice machine is received, stalk whole returning to the field is ploughed deeply, and mu crop-residue incorporation is at 700 kilograms or more, while mu applies farm manure
2000 kilograms.Furrow are done in coming year early March, ridge building, per 3~5 mu of furrow；Mid-March, soaked field, the horizontal site preparation of carry out after field soil soaks,
Reach difference of height in 3~5cm per furrow flatness.
After rice transplanting, deep water protects seedling, and 3~5cm of water layer makes rice shoot 1/2~1/3 be placed in water, and reduces leaf transpiration, promotes morning
It turns green.Rice shoot is turned green after work, shallow water management, and the dry wet rush of dry and wet divides evil.Evil latter stage is divided to carry out first time dry field, time 4~5
It；Rice Growing mid-term, shallow water management, intermittent irrigation.Before and after July 10, ear differentiation is begun the phase, carries out second of dry field, when
Between 7~10 days.After Rice Heading, the wet management of dry and wet is done, gathers in first 7 days and drains.
15 kilograms of total topdressing amount urea per acre, 25 kilograms of N, P, K composite fertilizer (N, P, K content are 20-10-10%).Rice transplanting
5 kgs/acre of dressing of turnning green stage urea living is imposed within 2~3 days afterwards.Impose within 10~15 days after rice transplanting tillering stage dressing, 5 kgs/acre of urea, phosphoric acid
Two 13 kgs/acre of ammonium compound fertilizers.Impose ear manuer, 5 kgs/acre of urea, 12 kgs/acre of composite fertilizer mid-July.
4, the rice of normal growth is randomly divided into 12 groups to treat, negative control group sprays aseptic double-distilled water, positive
Control group sprays 40% different rice blast net missible oil, 250 times of liquid, and it is water-soluble that solvent group sprays 1 ‰ DMSO+1wt% organosilicone polyoxyethylene ethers
Liquid, by the ratio uniform sprinkling for spraying 100mL per square meter, experimental group sprinkling capsaicin concentration is respectively that the capsaicine of 5mg/L is molten
Liquid, pH value are 7.0.The ratio uniform sprinkling of 100mL is sprayed by every square meter.Each group medicament sprays frequency and number is shown in Table 4.
5, by the bacteria suspension being homogenized, uniformly sprinkling is inoculated into each group rice leaf to 6h sprayers after last sprinkling medicament
On, 50mL bacteria suspensions are sprayed per square meter, scab pattern is observed after 14d, calculate the incidence of each group water rice brown spot.
The number of blade of incidence=generation scab/total leaf number x100%
4 capsaicin solution of table sprays the influence of frequency and number to prevention effect
| Group | Spray frequency | Spray number (secondary) | Incidence (%) |
| Negative control group | Once two days | 3 | 59.9 |
| Positive controls | Once three days | 3 | 17.3 |
| Solvent group | Once two days | 3 | 55.8 |
| Experimental group 1 | Once a day | 1 | 46.8 |
| Experimental group 2 | Once two days | 2 | 9.2 |
| Experimental group 3 | Once three days | 3 | 10.6 |
| Experimental group 4 | Once two days | 3 | 11.1 |
| Experimental group 5 | Once two days | 4 | 16.2 |
| Experimental group 6 | Once a day | 2 | 11.7 |
| Experimental group 7 | Once three days | 2 | 8.3 |
| Experimental group 8 | Once a day | 3 | 18.9 |
| Experimental group 9 | Once three days | 4 | 22.5 |
By upper table result as it can be seen that when sprinkling frequency is to spray the prevention morbidity effect of capsaicin solution when twice once three days
Fruit is best.Compared with positive controls, frequency is identical but number is less, time saving and energy saving.
Embodiment 3：
Capsaicine prevents water rice brown spot and is as follows：
1, capsaicin solution is prepared, steps are as follows：
(1) precision weighs capsicum cellulose crystal 2.5,5,10,15mg respectively, and 1mL analyzes pure DMSO fully shakings dissolving；
(2) accurate to measure 999mL distilled waters, above-mentioned capsaicine DMSO solution is added in distilled water and is sufficiently stirred mixing；
(3) 10g machine silicon polyoxyethylene ether has been weighed, the solution and organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether in heating stepses (2) to 50
DEG C, organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added while stirring in the solution in step (2) using magnetic stirring apparatus, speed of agitator is
500rpm makes a concentration of 1% (wt) of organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether；
(4) after organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added completely into solution, 50 DEG C of constant temperature continues same rotational speed and stirs 20min, from
It is so cooled to room temperature spare；
(5) concentrated hydrochloric acid adjusts pH value to 7.0.
2, after the mycelia on picking inclined-plane activates 3d on new PDA solid mediums, bacteria cake is taken to be transferred to PDA Liquid Cultures
In base, 28 DEG C, 120r/min shaking table dark culturing 2d, it is spare that culture solution is homogenized 5min.
3, it selects Nipponbare as tested rice varieties, is sorted seed by salt water with 20%, the seed selected converted with seed soaking spirit 2mL
10 kilograms of water is soaked seed 6 kilograms, and seed soaking is pulled out after 4~5 days and drains carry out vernalization, can be sowed after having 50% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally.April
10~20, calm warm day sowing is selected, by 4~5 kilograms of bud paddy of each seedling bed, uniform broadcasting carries out stepping on paddy after broadcasting and (steps on paddy not
Can be too deep, not decomposed organic matter cannot be used to cover), seed is buried the state " containing seven dew three "；It is after planting epiphragma heat preservation, protects
It is wet, water is filled in seedling ditch to keep seedling bed to moisten on ordinary days.Rice transplanting on May 10~20,30~45 days length of time rice seedlings grow, 4~5 leaf of leaf age, strain
High 15~20cm.Strain point distance 28cm × 12cm, 20,000 cave per acre, per 4~6 seedling of cave, Basic Seedling 8~120,000 per acre.Using Planting
The mode of inserting.Insert it is straight, insert it is even, stick with, no drift seedling, depth is only very little；It is not inserted through noon seedling, is not inserted through night seedling, do not insert sick seedling, weak seedling.11
In the first tenday period of a month moon, after rice machine is received, stalk whole returning to the field is ploughed deeply, and mu crop-residue incorporation is at 700 kilograms or more, while mu applies farm manure
2000 kilograms.Furrow are done in coming year early March, ridge building, per 3~5 mu of furrow；Mid-March, soaked field, the horizontal site preparation of carry out after field soil soaks,
Reach difference of height in 3~5cm per furrow flatness.
After rice transplanting, deep water protects seedling, and 3~5cm of water layer makes rice shoot 1/2~1/3 be placed in water, and reduces leaf transpiration, promotes morning
It turns green.Rice shoot is turned green after work, shallow water management, and the dry wet rush of dry and wet divides evil.Evil latter stage is divided to carry out first time dry field, time 4~5
It；Rice Growing mid-term, shallow water management, intermittent irrigation.Before and after July 10, ear differentiation is begun the phase, carries out second of dry field, when
Between 7~10 days.After Rice Heading, the wet management of dry and wet is done, gathers in first 7 days and drains.
15 kilograms of total topdressing amount urea per acre, 25 kilograms of N, P, K composite fertilizer (N, P, K content are 20-10-10%).Rice transplanting
5 kgs/acre of dressing of turnning green stage urea living is imposed within 2~3 days afterwards.Impose within 10~15 days after rice transplanting tillering stage dressing, 5 kgs/acre of urea, phosphoric acid
Two 13 kgs/acre of ammonium compound fertilizers.Impose ear manuer, 5 kgs/acre of urea, 12 kgs/acre of composite fertilizer mid-July.
4, the rice of normal growth is randomly divided into 7 groups to treat, negative control group sprays aseptic double-distilled water, positive right
40% different rice blast net missible oil, 250 times of liquid are sprayed according to group, it is water-soluble that solvent group sprays 1 ‰ DMSO+1wt% organosilicone polyoxyethylene ethers
Liquid, by the ratio uniform sprinkling for spraying 100mL per square meter, experimental group sprinkling capsaicin concentration is respectively 2.5,5,10,15mg/L
Capsaicin solution, pH value is 7.0.The ratio uniform sprinkling of 100mL is sprayed by every square meter.Each group medicament sprays one every three days
It is secondary, altogether twice.
5, by the bacteria suspension being homogenized, uniformly sprinkling is inoculated into each group rice leaf to 6h sprayers after last sprinkling medicament
On, 50mL bacteria suspensions are sprayed per square meter, scab pattern is observed after 14d, calculate the incidence of each group water rice brown spot.
The number of blade of incidence=generation scab/total leaf number x100%
Prevention effect of 5 capsaicin solution of table to water rice brown spot
Capsaicin solution has significant in the range of PH7.0,2.5~15mg/L compared with negative control group as shown in Table 5
Inhibit the effect of morbidity, incidence is minimum when capsaicin concentration is in 5mg/L.Prevention effect is better than conventional chemical agent.
In conclusion when the present invention prevents water rice brown spot, incidence can be made to be down to 8.9%, in vivo and in vitro
The growth of flax leaf spot fungi is significantly inhibited in low concentration and to the infringement of rice, compared with existing Agro-chemicals control means
It has the following advantages：Simple and practicable, easy to operate, production cost is low, quick, can protect rice from recklessly in a short time
Sesame slices pinta infects or efficiently treats the rice infected, to reduce or eliminate damage of the rice when flax leaf spot is broken out
It loses.
Above example is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited with this, every
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical solution each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine, which is characterized in that be as follows：
(1) capsaicin solution is prepared；
(2) when preventing water rice brown spot, to the capsaicine that the rice plant spraying concentration of normal growth is 2.5~15mg/L
Solution sprays once, twice in succession every three days.
2. according to a kind of method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine, the capsaicine described in claim 1
Solution preparation method is as follows：
(2.1) precision weighs capsicum cellulose crystal 1mL and analyzes pure DMSO fully shakings dissolving；
(2.2) accurate to measure 999mL distilled waters, above-mentioned capsaicine DMSO solution is added in distilled water and is sufficiently stirred mixing；
(2.3) organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is weighed on demand, the solution and organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether in heating stepses (2) to 50
DEG C, organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added while stirring in the solution in step (2.2) using magnetic stirring apparatus, speed of agitator is
500rpm；
(2.4) after organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether is added completely into solution, 50 DEG C of constant temperature continues same rotational speed and stirs 20min, natural
It is cooled to room temperature spare；
(2.5) concentrated hydrochloric acid adjusts pH value.
3. according to a kind of method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The solvent of the capsaicin solution is the DMSO that volume ratio is ‰ 1, and 0.1~10% (wt) organosilicone polyoxyethylene ether, remaining is
Pure water.
4. according to a kind of method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
PH value is 6.5~7.5.
5. according to a kind of method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
When preventing water rice brown spot, it is 5mg/mL, the capsaicine of PH7.0 to spray capsaicin concentration to the rice plant of normal growth
Solution sprays once, twice in succession every three days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810648867.6A CN108651459A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810648867.6A CN108651459A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108651459A true CN108651459A (en) | 2018-10-16 |
Family
ID=63772267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810648867.6A Pending CN108651459A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108651459A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111788948A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-20 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for raising seedlings of Xinjiang big-fruit narrow-leaved oleaster in saline-alkali soil by cutting in nutrient cup |
-
2018
- 2018-06-22 CN CN201810648867.6A patent/CN108651459A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111788948A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-20 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for raising seedlings of Xinjiang big-fruit narrow-leaved oleaster in saline-alkali soil by cutting in nutrient cup |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107254427B (en) | Bacillus belgii strain JN5 and application thereof | |
| CN103045515B (en) | Bacteria agent of a kind of Methylotrophic genus bacillus and its preparation method and application | |
| CN102643148B (en) | Special biological disease-resistant vermin-proof culture medium for flowers and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102719382B (en) | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1619 strain and application in preventing and controlling soil-borne disease of nightshade vegetables thereof | |
| CN102515927A (en) | Drug effect type microbial fertilizer, preparation method thereof and application thereof | |
| CN106591193A (en) | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with broad spectrum growth-promoting and stress-resisting effects | |
| CN103461386B (en) | Composite sesame seed coating agent | |
| CN109566655B (en) | Astragalus root seed dressing agent and method for promoting astragalus root growth and astragalus root flavonoid accumulation | |
| CN102177921B (en) | Compound biological control agent as well as preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN103975955A (en) | Composite biological seed coating agent used for controlling vegetable soil-borne diseases and preparation and application methods thereof | |
| CN103329720A (en) | Application of trichoderma pseudokoningii SMF2 bacterial strains in plant growth promotion | |
| CN108034620A (en) | One plant of bacillus megaterium bacterial strain, peanut drop cadmium agent and its application | |
| CN107164262A (en) | A kind of microbial bacterial agent and its bacterial manure available for controlling crop diseases and insect pests | |
| CN107603906B (en) | A kind of preparation method and application for the bacterial strain and its preparation for preventing potato wilt | |
| CN110713954B (en) | Composite bacillus agent and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN102443559B (en) | Baclillus subtilis used for controlling cotton verticillium wilt and application thereof | |
| CN115340968B (en) | New application of pseudomonas microphylla and method thereof, pseudomonas microphylla 21.1.9.2-14 and products thereof | |
| CN104193549B (en) | A kind of bio-additive promoting alfalfa green manure to increase crop yield | |
| CN108651459A (en) | A method of the prevention water rice brown spot based on capsaicine | |
| CN104109647B (en) | One is combined nitragin and preparation thereof and application | |
| CN107646899A (en) | A kind of green high-efficient rice seed dressing agent and its preparation method and application | |
| CN104396950B (en) | Water dispersible granules of a kind of Methylotrophic bacillus and its preparation method and application | |
| CN110791445B (en) | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and biological pesticide fertilizer | |
| CN103798273B (en) | The Recompounded pesticide of a kind of composite containing streptomycin sulphate and application thereof | |
| CN108849985B (en) | Ternary compound biological agent and application thereof in prevention and treatment of ginger bacterial wilt |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181016 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |