CN101422168B - New method for controlling rot knot nematode disease of protected vegetable - Google Patents

New method for controlling rot knot nematode disease of protected vegetable Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101422168B
CN101422168B CN2008101882672A CN200810188267A CN101422168B CN 101422168 B CN101422168 B CN 101422168B CN 2008101882672 A CN2008101882672 A CN 2008101882672A CN 200810188267 A CN200810188267 A CN 200810188267A CN 101422168 B CN101422168 B CN 101422168B
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China
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root
field planting
knot nematode
chitin
paecilomyces lilacinus
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CN101422168A (en
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刘霆
刘伟成
刘建华
裘季燕
卢彩鸽
刘德文
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Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a new method for controlling vegetable root knot nematode, which is characterized in that one or two from chitin, aropaz, Paecilomyces lilacinus and nematicidal pioneer is/are selected to process a seedbed in 1 to 2 weeks before the field planting of vegetables; 1.0Kg to 2.0Kg /mu (1 acre equals to 6.07 mu) of Fosthiazate and 20Kg to 60Kg/mu of harmonia mundi are mixed to process soil before the field planting; after the field planting, a biological agent is matched and used; the method is convenient to be used, is safe and effective, not only can effectively control the root knot nematode, but also can promote the growing of the vegetable plants, has the double effects of pesticide and fertilizer and can lighten the environment pollution brought by the use of the pesticide in large dosage; in the early period, the numbers of the eelworms in the soil are reduced by the mechanical eelworm pesticide of Fosthiazate; the stress resistance of the vegetables are increased by the chitin and the pesticide-fertilizer harmonia mundi; during the later period of the field planting, the numbers of the eelworms remained in the soil are controlled by using any of the biological agent of chitin, the aropaz, the Paecilomyces lilacinus and the nematicidal pioneer to irrigate the root, thus achieving the effect of controlling the vegetable root knot nematode by the cooperation of biology and chemistry and having very high popularization value.

Description

A kind of method of facility for prevention and control root knot nematode disease evil
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of new method of facility for prevention and control root knot nematode disease evil.
Background technology:
The many in the world countries and regions of plant nematode take place and cause harm, and kind is varied.In the world; The generation of plant nematode and harm are along with the variation of the development of agriculture and forestry and tillage and cultivation system is serious day by day; Add up according to Esser; Till the nineteen ninety whole world reported find plant nematode 207 belong to 4832 kinds (Liu Weizhi, a section imperial jade seal .2000. plant pathogeny line insect is learned. Beijing: Chinese agriculture publishing house, p1-2).According to estimates, it is 12.3% that plant nematode is caused the year percent of loss of world staple crops, above 1,000 hundred million dollars; And actual loss is considerably beyond estimation; Reason be the harm that causes of many nematodes because of do not have visible symptom in field or specialization characteristic do not arouse attention (Wang Shouhua. the fruit tree nematology. Beijing: Chinese agriculture science and technology publishing house, 1994.P.1-5), in addition; The new discovery of in the world wide nematode being caused harm is also in continuous increase; And the agricultural cultivation system of some renewals makes the nematode problem more outstanding, moreover nematode and other biological interaction and direct or indirect influence that plant is produced are also in rapid increase.The harm that nematode is caused is more hidden than other biology in this sense! At present the harmful nematode of plant there is kind more than 3000 approximately, mainly contains root-knot nematode, SCN, pine wood nematode, sweet potato stem nematode etc. in China.Root-knot nematode is the one type of maximum nematode of causing harm on the agricultural; After disease takes place, the general underproduction about 10%, serious in more than 75%; Even total crop failure (A.G.Whitehead, 1998.Plant Nematode Control.ISBN0851991882 CABInternational).The root-knot nematode that works the mischief in China mainly comprises 4 kinds, i.e. Meloidogyne incognita (Meloidogyneincognita), peanut root-knot nematode (M.arenaria), northern root-knot nematode (M.hapla) and javanese root knot nematode (M.javarnica).Root-knot nematode is infected root system of plant with the form of larva, the ensuing crop underproduction significantly of being injured, even total crop failure, and the generation of isochrone parasitosis has aggravated the harm of soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilt, verticillium wilt, damping off again.
Control to root-knot nematode at present lacks practicality and high efficiency and continuable improvement technology, and chemical nematode killing agent can only be controlled nematode population in a short time, still has cost height, potentially contaminated, holds problems such as imitating weak point, pesticide resistance.Reasonably cultivating system can play certain preventive and therapeutic effect; But crop and resistant variety that can crop rotation in protection ground be limited; Therefore, the harm of root-knot nematode has become the outstanding problem of restriction pollution-free vegetable production sustainable development and the guarantee of capital food security.Efficient, the practical and continuable root-knot nematode Prevention Technique system of research is to produce at present to go up the key technology of being badly in need of.
Summary of the invention:
The facility for prevention and control root knot nematode disease evil new method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of efficient, low toxicity, low-residual.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of new method of facility for prevention and control root knot nematode disease evil; This method has overcome the single chemical method of traditional usefulness and has prevented and treated the shortcoming of root-knot nematode and a kind of chemical agent (happy lot is many) and bio-fertilizer (chitin, completely happy) and biopesticide (sieve's Ah pinane is microemulsion, Paecilomyces lilacinus, the line pioneer extremely now) low toxicity that combines, efficient, the safe method of preventing and treating are provided; Concrete grammar is mainly caught seedling stage, setting date and vegetative period three controls periods, carry out grow seedlings, 4 key links such as whole ground, field planting, field management.Evenly water with 500 times of liquid of chitin dilution at growing vegetables the last fortnight and to spill vegetable seedling, evenly be sprinkling upon after before growing vegetables, mixing thoroughly with the completely happy fertilizer of 20Kg-60Kg/ mu on the ground afterwards and carry out rotary tillage and soil with rotovator and fully mix thoroughly and carry out the field planting vegetables afterwards with the many granules of 10%% happy lot of 1.0Kg-2.0Kg/ mu.In order to consolidate control efficiency, after plantation one month, add water with biologic product and dilute the filling root.
Mostly said happy lot is that 10% fosthiazate granule of Japanese stone original production is a kind of efficient, low toxicity of non-fumigation type, the environment-friendly type nematocide of low-residual.Said biologic product is that microemulsion, Paecilomyces lilacinus are 200,000,000 spores/gram Paecilomyces lilacinus bacteria powder, kill a kind of in the production of Korea S BIG company of line pioneer 6% synergy sieve Ah pinane now for sieve's Ah pinane now.
Field trial research shows that method of the present invention has remarkable prevention effect, has guaranteed significant raising the output protection effect.
The present invention through adopt chitin, sieve's Ah pinane now, Paecilomyces lilacinus and kill among the line pioneer one or both and handle the seedbed, before the field planting with happy lot many with completely happy mixed processing soil, cooperate again after the field planting and use biologic product; Have easy to usely, safe and effective, can effectively control root knot nematode disease; Can promote the vegetable plant strain growth again; Have the fertile double effects of medicine, and can alleviate the environmental pollution that the heavy dose of use of agricultural chemicals is brought, early stage is through the nematode population in the low soil of chemical nematocide happy lot multiple pressure; Through the happy resistance that has increased vegetables of chitin and medicine grossness ground; The field planting later stage is regulated and control nematode population residual in the soil through biologic product, has reached the effect of biological-chemical Collaborative Control root-knot nematode disease, has very high promotional value.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Choosing the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease of going in in a big way proving ground, big eastern plantation center in Beijing implements.
Crop is a watermelon
Kind is beautiful No. 2 of capital
The field planting time: on February 22nd, 2008
Uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time (control time): on June 2nd, 2008
The practical implementation method is following:
Watermelon field planting the last fortnight evenly spills with 500 times of dilutions of chitin and executes seedling-cultivating tray; Watermelon field planting the last week with sieve's Ah pinane now 1000 times of dilutions evenly spread fertilizer over the fields, before the watermelon field planting same day with the many 1.5Kg of happy lot and 40Kg is completely happy mix after, evenly be sprinkling upon soil surface; Carry out afterwards field planting 2 times with the rotovator rotary tillage; With the dosage of pressing 20mL/100 seedling now with sieve's Ah pinane, 2000 times of thin ups are irritated root after one month in field planting.When watermelon is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, investigate and contrast root and tie index, calculate control efficiency (seeing table 1).The result shows that the present invention is very obvious to the control efficiency of watermelon root-knot nematode disease, and its control efficiency can reach 92.69%.
The control efficiency of the collaborative prevention and control watermelon root-knot nematode of table 1 biological-chemical
Handle Root knot index Control efficiency (%)
Contrast (not having any operation) 59.48 ?
Embodiment 1 4.35 92.69
Embodiment 2
Choosing the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease that Beijing's Shunyi District carries over special vegetable base plantation proving ground, center implements.
Crop is a muskmelon
Kind is white meteor
The field planting time: on February 13rd, 2008
Uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time (control time): on June 16th, 2008
The practical implementation method is following:
The last week is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields seedling-cultivating tray with 500 times of dilutions of chitin in the muskmelon field planting; After mixed with the many 1.5Kg of happy lot and 60Kg are completely happy the same day before the muskmelon field planting; Evenly be sprinkling upon soil surface, with carrying out field planting after the rotovator rotary tillage 2 times, the dosage of 15mL/100 seedling is pressed in field planting now with sieve's Ah pinane after one month; 1500 times of thin ups are irritated root.When muskmelon is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, investigate and contrast root and tie index, calculate control efficiency (seeing table 2).The result shows that the present invention is very obvious to the control efficiency of sweet root-knot nematode disease, and its control efficiency can reach 88.57%.
The control efficiency of the collaborative prevention and control muskmelon root-knot nematode of table 2 biological-chemical
Handle Root knot index Control efficiency (%)
Contrast (not having any operation) 64.81 ?
Embodiment 2 7.41 88.57
Embodiment 3
Choosing the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease of going in in a big way proving ground, big eastern plantation center in Beijing implements.
Crop is a watermelon
Kind is beautiful No. 2 of capital
The field planting time: on February 22nd, 2008
Uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time (control time): on June 2nd, 2008
The practical implementation method is following:
Watermelon field planting the last week with sieve's Ah pinane now 1000 times of dilutions evenly spread fertilizer over the fields seedling-cultivating tray; Preceding 1 day of watermelon field planting with happy lot many 2Kg and 40Kg is completely happy mix after; Evenly be sprinkling upon soil surface, with carrying out field planting after the rotovator rotary tillage 2 times, the dosage of 2Kg/ mu is pressed in field planting with Paecilomyces lilacinus after one month; 1000 times of thin ups are irritated root.When watermelon is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, investigate and contrast root and tie index, calculate control efficiency (seeing table 3).The result shows that the present invention is very obvious to the control efficiency of watermelon root-knot nematode disease, and its control efficiency can reach 92.32%.
The control efficiency of the collaborative prevention and control watermelon root knot nematode disease of table 3 biological-chemical
Handle Root knot index Control efficiency (%)
Contrast (not having any operation) 48.15 ?
Embodiment 3 3.70 92.32
Embodiment 4
Choosing the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease of green a kind of jade plantation proving ground, center, Mentougou, Beijing City district implements.
Crop is a cucumber
Kind is Beijing 102
The field planting time: on March 13rd, 2008
Uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time (control time): on July 2nd, 2008
The practical implementation method is following:
The last week is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields seedling-cultivating tray with 500 times of dilutions of chitin in the cucumber field planting; After mixed with the many 2Kg of happy lot and 20Kg are completely happy the same day before the cucumber field planting; Evenly be sprinkling upon soil surface, carry out field planting afterwards 2 times with the rotovator rotary tillage, field planting is used after one month and is killed the dosage that the line pioneer presses 500mL/ mu; 2000 times of thin ups are irritated root.When cucumber is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, investigate and contrast root and tie index, calculate control efficiency (seeing table 4).The result shows that the present invention is very obvious to the control efficiency of cucumber root knot nematode disease evil, and its control efficiency can reach 94.82%.
The control efficiency of the collaborative prevention and control cucumber root-knot nematode of table 4 biological-chemical
Handle Root knot index Control efficiency (%)
Contrast (not having any operation) 100 ?
Embodiment 4 5.18 94.82
Embodiment 5
Choosing the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease of green a kind of jade plantation proving ground, center, Mentougou, Beijing City district implements.
Crop is a tomato
Kind is cooperation 918
The field planting time: on March 1st, 2008
Uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time (control time): on July 18th, 2008
The practical implementation method is following:
The last week is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields seedling-cultivating tray with 1000 times of dilutions of Paecilomyces lilacinus in the tomato field planting; After tomato field planting same day, many 1Kg mixed with completely happy 60Kg with happy lot; Evenly be sprinkling upon soil surface, with carrying out field planting after the rotovator rotary tillage 2 times, the dosage of 2Kg/ mu is pressed in field planting with chitin after one month; 1000 times of thin ups are irritated root.When tomato is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, investigate and contrast root and tie index, calculate control efficiency (seeing table 5).The result shows that the present invention is very obvious to the control efficiency of tomato root-knot eelworm disease, and its control efficiency can reach 100%.
The sick control efficiency of the collaborative prevention and control tomato root-knot eelworm of table 5 biological-chemical
Handle Root knot index Control efficiency (%)
Contrast (not having any operation) 33.33 ?
Embodiment 5 0 100
Embodiment 6
Choosing the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease of green a kind of jade plantation proving ground, center, Mentougou, Beijing City district implements.
Crop is a tomato
Kind is cooperation 918
The field planting time: on March 1st, 2008
Uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time (control time): on July 18th, 2008
The practical implementation method is following:
The last week is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields seedling-cultivating tray with killing 2000 times of dilutions of line pioneer in the tomato field planting; After tomato field planting same day, many 1.2Kg mixed with completely happy 48Kg with happy lot; Evenly be sprinkling upon soil surface, with carrying out field planting after the rotovator rotary tillage 2 times, the dosage of 20mL/100 seedling is pressed in field planting now with sieve's Ah pinane after one month; 1500 times of thin ups are irritated root.When tomato is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, investigate and contrast root and tie index, calculate control efficiency (seeing table 6).The result shows that the present invention is very obvious to the control efficiency of tomato root-knot eelworm disease, and its control efficiency can reach 100%.
The sick control efficiency of the collaborative prevention and control tomato root-knot eelworm of table 6 biological-chemical
Handle Root knot index Control efficiency (%)
Contrast (not having any operation) 41.59 ?
Embodiment 6 0 100
Embodiment 7
Choosing the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease that Beijing's Shunyi District carries over special vegetable base plantation proving ground, center implements.
Crop is a watermelon
Kind is the capital show
The field planting time: on January 30th, 2008
Uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time (control time): on June 16th, 2008
The practical implementation method is following:
Watermelon field planting the last fortnight evenly spills with 500 times of dilutions of chitin and executes seedling-cultivating tray; Evenly spread fertilizer over the fields with 1000 times of dilutions of Paecilomyces lilacinus the last week in the watermelon field planting, after mixed with the many 1.5Kg of happy lot and 40Kg are completely happy the same day before the watermelon field planting, evenly be sprinkling upon soil surface; Carry out afterwards field planting 2 times with the rotovator rotary tillage; With the dosage of pressing 10mL/100 seedling now with sieve's Ah pinane, 2000 times of thin ups are irritated root after one month in field planting.The result shows that the present invention is very obvious to the control efficiency of watermelon root-knot nematode disease, and its control efficiency can reach 95.48%.
The control efficiency of the collaborative prevention and control watermelon root knot nematode disease of table 7 biological-chemical
Handle Root knot index Control efficiency (%)
Contrast (not having any operation) 100 ?
Embodiment 7 4.52 95.48

Claims (5)

1 A method of disease prevention and control root-knot nematode, which is characterized in 1-2 weeks before planting crops with chitin, hereby Arrow pinene, Paecilomyces lilacinus and kill lines in one or both of the pioneers to handle seedbed; before planting the crop with 1.0Kg-2.0Kg / acre more than 10% of blessing granules and 20Kg-60Kg / acre Montreal Le fertilizer mixture, evenly spread on the ground, with a rotary machine rotary and soil stir well to carry out soil after transplanting; month after planting with chitin, hereby Arrow pinene, Paecilomyces lilacinus and kill any one line of Pioneer IRRIGATING diluted with water; used to protect cultivation of vegetables.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: 500 times of chitin thin ups, filling root.
3 as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Arrow efficiency of 6% pinene hereby arrow pinene hereby microemulsion diluted 500-fold with water and pouring.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: 2000 times in Paecilomyces lilacinus 200,000,000 spores/gram Paecilomyces lilacinus bacteria powder thin up, irritate root.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: kill the line pioneer, 2000 times of thin ups, filling root.
CN2008101882672A 2008-12-23 2008-12-23 New method for controlling rot knot nematode disease of protected vegetable Expired - Fee Related CN101422168B (en)

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