CN108293388A - A kind of method of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and raising yield of tobacco quality - Google Patents
A kind of method of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and raising yield of tobacco quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293388A CN108293388A CN201710823606.9A CN201710823606A CN108293388A CN 108293388 A CN108293388 A CN 108293388A CN 201710823606 A CN201710823606 A CN 201710823606A CN 108293388 A CN108293388 A CN 108293388A
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- tobacco
- medicine fertilizer
- top dressing
- mixed
- quality
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and the method for improving yield of tobacco quality, mixed using medicine fertilizer, increase top dressing applicating ratio, and top dressing is applied using leaching；It refers to by first frost MnZn that the medicine fertilizer is mixed：Zhongshengmycin：Fertilizer special for tobacco is 0.50 by mass percentage:1.00:98.50 ratio is applied after being sufficiently mixed in mixing machine.The present invention is mixed using medicine fertilizer, and increase top dressing applicating ratio, it effectively can reduce and postpone the generation of tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt, control effect is notable, and cigarette strain growing way can be enhanced, raising yield of tobacco and improvement quality of tobacco have many advantages, such as that notable control effect, enhancing cigarette strain growing way, increasing both production and income, quality of tobacco improvement are good, of low cost and environmental-friendly, easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant protection and plant nutrient fertilising field, relate in particular to a kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco
With the method for improving yield of tobacco quality.
Background technology
Tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt are to restrict two big important soil-borne diseases of tobacco leaf production, they are often resulted in
Tobacco destructiveness endangers.In recent years, the two exists in tobacco breds such as Tobacco Planting Areas in Guizhou main breed south river 3, K326, Bi Na No.1s
It is upper frequently to occur, there is larger potential hazard to the sound development of Guizhou Tobacco industry.Currently, for balck shank and bacterial wilt
Prevention mainly take the means such as chemical prevention, cultural control, biological control, but the characteristics of its difficult anti-difficult control, dominates its scale hair
After life without plan." integration of medicine fertilizer " refers to that will protect the pesticide of plant growth and promote the Fertilizer combination of plant growth one
Rise, realize and improve the measure of fertilizer efficiency and drug effect simultaneously, with time and labour saving, it is easy to operate, safe to use, be mutually improved, increase production
The advantages that increasing income.The plant protection policy of " putting prevention first, integrated control " is to control the Critical policies of tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of effective prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and improve yield of tobacco quality method,
The defects of to overcome difficult tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt chemical pesticide control, cigarette strain utilization rate of fertilizer bottom.
What the present invention was achieved through the following technical solutions：
First, the present invention proposes a kind of method of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and raising yield of tobacco quality, this method
It is mixed by medicine fertilizer, increase top dressing applicating ratio, and top dressing is applied using leaching to realize.
Wherein, it refers to by first frost MnZn that medicine fertilizer is mixed：Zhongshengmycin：Fertilizer special for tobacco is 0.50 by mass percentage:
1.00:98.50 ratio is applied after being sufficiently mixed in mixing machine.
Wherein, first frost MnZn is 64% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and Zhongshengmycin is 3% Zhongshengmycin wettable
Pulvis, fertilizer special for tobacco are according to proportioning m (N):m(P2O5):M (K2O)=8:10:22 special fertilizers being prepared.
Further, it refers to mixing medicine fertilizer amount of application as 50kg/667m to increase top dressing applicating ratio2, 40% medicine fertilizer amount
Make base manure, 60% medicine fertilizer amount makees top dressing.Using when base manure using spreading manuer in holes, top dressing is applied and is applied at 30 days after transplanting using leaching
With.
Compared with prior art, the present invention the present invention is mixed using medicine fertilizer, and increase top dressing applicating ratio, can effectively reduce
With the generation for postponing tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt, control effect is notable, and can enhance cigarette strain growing way, improves yield of tobacco and changes
Kind quality of tobacco, have control effect significantly, enhancing cigarette strain growing way, increasing both production and income, quality of tobacco improve it is good, of low cost and
The advantages that environmental-friendly, easy to spread.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiment.The numerical value being directed to
Or ratio is such as without mark, is mass figures or mass ratio.
Embodiment：
1. test material：
Experimental cultivar：Southern river 3
Reagent agent：64% first frost mancozeb wettable powder (Zhejiang Heben Science ＆ Technology Co., Ltd.), 3% Zhongshengmycin can
Wet powder (Shenzhen Nuopuxin Agricultural Chemical Co., Ltd), fertilizer special for tobacco [m (N):m(P2O5):m(K2O)=8:10:22].
Self-control mixing medicine fertilizer, is by mass percentage first frost MnZn：Zhongshengmycin：Fertilizer special for tobacco=0.5:1.0:98.50 ratio
Example is sufficiently mixed in mixing machine to be made.
Test site：It tests and is carried out in Tongren Prefecture Sinan County Xu Jia Ba Kengshuicun in April, 2014 to September, experimental field
Middle fertility, cigarette smooth, soil property yellow earth, preceding stubble rape have irrigation conditions, illumination condition preferable.Experimental field full nitrogen 0.343g/
Kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 31.521mg/kg, full phosphorus 0.543g/kg, available phosphorus 13.286mg/kg, full potassium 1.886g/kg, effective potassium
138.853mg/kg, organic matter 30.475g/kg, pH 6.12.It is experimental field bacterial wilt for many years, the serious plot of balck shank morbidity.
2. embodiment designs：
Test example group base manure and top dressing are self-control mixing medicine fertilizer, and control group is fertilizer special for tobacco, amount of application 50kg/
667m2.Respectively：
Embodiment A：40% makees base manure, 60% top dressing at 30 days after transplanting；
Embodiment B：60% makees base manure, 40% top dressing at 30 days after transplanting；
Embodiment C：70% makees base manure, 30% top dressing at 30 days after transplanting；
Control group (CK)：70% makees base manure, 30% top dressing at 30 days after transplanting, without disease control.
RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN tests totally 4 embodiments, 3 repetitions, 12 cells, plot area 100m2.In April, 2014
It transplants within 21st, fertilization mode is：Base manure is spreaded manuer in holes, top dressing leaching is applied.
3. survey item and method：
(1) disease incidence is investigated：
Since 30d after fertilising, per 30d, a situation arises for balck shank of investigation and bacterial wilt, continuous observation 3 times.And
Calculate incidence, preventive effect.Computational methods are as follows：
(2) growth traits investigation method：
It is investigated using singling, often the random 5 points of samplings of cell, every takes 5 plants of totally 25 plants of conduct natures growth fixed point observation strains,
According to YC/T 142-2010《Tobacco economical character investigates measurement method》, respectively at group's phase, prosperous observation of long-term and maturity period note
Carry the economical characters indexs such as each embodiment cigarette strain plant height, leaves number, stem girth, pitch, maximum leaf length and maximum width of blade.
(3) assay method of yield of tobacco quality：
As unit of cell, independent picking and roasting and calculate separately top leaf-making quantity, middle part leaf-making quantity, lower part leaf-making quantity and
Total output finally converts per mu yield.And each embodiment takes fixed point to be listed cigarette strain the 12nd, 13 leaves as aggregate sample, presses《Tobacco chemistry
Attributional analysis》Measure the content of tobacco leaf nicotine, protein, total reducing sugar, reduced sugar, chlorine, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium.
4. embodiment effect：
(1) the mixed control action to tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt of medicine fertilizer：
As can be seen from Table 1, it can effectively reduce tobacco black shank incidence using medicine fertilizer and postpone tobacco black shank
Occur.Control group has started to fall ill after fertilising 30 days, and embodiment group is not fallen ill；And after applying fertilizer 60 days and 90 days, embodiment group is black
Shin disease incidence pole is markedly inferior to control group.During self-control uses medicine fertilizer with relatively, with the increase of top dressing applicating ratio, the black shin of tobacco
Sick incidence continuously decreases, and preventive effect is gradually increased, and the preventive effect between three kinds of different medicine fertilizer methods of application reaches the pole level of signifiance.It is comprehensive
On, the mixed generation that effectively can reduce and postpone tobacco black shank of medicine fertilizer should above increase the applicating ratio of top dressing in application.
The different medicine fertilizer methods of application of table 1 act on the prevention and control of tobacco black shank
Note：With marked after column data different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05), different capitalizations indicate difference
Extremely significantly (P<0.01), following table is same.
Table 2 the result shows that, using medicine fertilizer control tobacco bacterial wilt occur use with control balck shank generation effect
Fruit is consistent, also effectively can reduce and postpone the generation of tobacco growing phase bacterial wilt, the pole level of signifiance is reached with contrast difference, and
It is gradually risen with the increase control effect of top dressing applicating ratio.
The different medicine fertilizer methods of application of table 2 act on the prevention and control of tobacco bacterial wilt
(2) the mixed influence to tobacco growing phase economical character of medicine fertilizer：
Table 3 the results show that medicine fertilizer it is mixed to tobacco plant height, stem girth, internode away from, the number of blade, maximum leaf is long, maximum width of blade is equal
There is significant impact.It is rolled into a ball a phase in tobacco, the mixed plant height that can dramatically increase cigarette strain of medicine fertilizer, stem girth, internode be long away from, maximum leaf,
Maximum width of blade reaches the pole level of signifiance with fertilizer special for tobacco difference is singly applied.It is prosperous long-term in tobacco, medicine fertilizer it is mixed can pole significantly increase
Cigarette strain plant height, internode away from and the number of blade, significantly improve that cigarette strain stem girth, maximum leaf be long and maximum width of blade.In the tobacco maturity period, medicine fertilizer
It is mixed can pole significantly increase cigarette strain plant height, internode away from, the number of blade, maximum leaf is long, maximum width of blade, significantly increase cigarette strain stem
It encloses.The above-mentioned improvement effect of increase with medicine fertilizer top dressing applicating ratio is more notable, wherein most preferably (40% makees base to embodiment A
Fertilizer, 60% top dressing at 30 days after transplanting).Cigarette strain can be effectively facilitated and well grow by showing that medicine fertilizer is mixed, improve tobacco leaf production indirectly
Amount and economic benefit should increase ratio of the medicine fertilizer in top dressing application in production.
Influence of the different medicine fertilizer methods of application of table 3 to tobacco economical character
(3) the mixed influence to yield of tobacco of medicine fertilizer：
It can be obtained by table 4, medicine fertilizer is mixed to effectively improve cigarette strain yield of tobacco 3.54~11.99%.Different medicine fertilizer are applied
With mode relatively in, upper tobacco leaf yield：Embodiment B>Embodiment C>Embodiment A, middle part yield of tobacco：Embodiment A>Embodiment
B>Embodiment C, lower tobacco leaf yield：Embodiment A>Embodiment B>Embodiment C, total output are embodiment A>Embodiment B>Embodiment
C.Showing that medicine fertilizer is mixed preferably can promote cigarette strain to grow, and improve cigarette strain economic benefit, should increase in production the application of top dressing than
Example.
Influence of the different medicine fertilizer methods of application of table 4 to tobacco production
(4) the mixed influence to quality of tobacco of medicine fertilizer：
As can be seen from Table 5, medicine fertilizer is mixed can effectively reduce by 4.83~7.01% nicotine of tobacco leaf, 8.23~16.18% chlorine
Content, increase tobacco leaf 2.74~11.36% protein, 2.43~5.59% total reducing sugars, 1.41~9.46% reduced sugars, 1.96~
5.10% total nitrogen, 4.55~36.36% total phosphorus and 7.61~48.22% total potassium contents, with the increase of medicine fertilizer top dressing applicating ratio
Function and effect are more notable, wherein best for processing A (40% makees base manure, 60% top dressing at 30 days after transplanting).To sum up, medicine
Fertilizer is mixed can preferably to improve quality of tobacco, improve the commodity value of tobacco leaf indirectly, wherein top dressing applicating ratio is more efficient
Fruit is better.
Influence of the different medicine fertilizer methods of application of table 5 to cigarette quality
Certainly, the specific application example of the above only present invention, the present invention also has other embodiments, all using equivalent
The technical solution that replacement or equivalent transformation are formed, all falls within protection domain of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and the method for improving yield of tobacco quality, it is characterised in that：It is mixed using medicine fertilizer, increase
Add top dressing applicating ratio, and top dressing is applied using leaching；It refers to by first frost MnZn that the medicine fertilizer is mixed：Zhongshengmycin：Tobacco is special
Fertilizer is 0.50 by mass percentage:1.00:98.50 ratio is applied after being sufficiently mixed in mixing machine.
2. prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco according to claim 1 and the method for improving yield of tobacco quality, it is characterised in that：
Institute's nail cream MnZn is 64% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and Zhongshengmycin is 3% Zhongshengmycin wettable powder, tobacco
Special fertilizer is m (N) in parts by weight:m(P2O5):m(K2O)=8:10:22 special fertilizers prepared.
3. prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco according to claim 1 and the method for improving yield of tobacco quality, it is characterised in that：
The increase top dressing applicating ratio refers to that mixing medicine fertilizer amount of application is 50kg/667m2, 40% medicine fertilizer amount makees base manure, 60%
Medicine fertilizer amount makees top dressing.
4. prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco according to claim 1 and the method for improving yield of tobacco quality, it is characterised in that：
Base manure using spreading manuer in holes, applied using leaching and applied when 30 days after tobacco seedling is transplanted by top dressing when medicine fertilizer is mixed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710823606.9A CN108293388A (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | A kind of method of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and raising yield of tobacco quality |
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| CN201710823606.9A CN108293388A (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | A kind of method of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and raising yield of tobacco quality |
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| CN103270915A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-09-04 | 湖北省烟草科研所 | Method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt |
| CN103782851A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-14 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Method for preventing tobacco black shank |
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| RU2332846C2 (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-09-10 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИТТИ Россельхозакадемии) | Method of stimulation of growth and development of seedlings of tobacco |
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Application publication date: 20180720 |