CN103270884A - Honeysuckle cultivating and harvesting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a honeysuckle cultivating and harvesting method. The method includes land preparation, transplanting, fertilizing, trimming and harvesting. Land preparation refers to making ridges at one-meter intervals in a land; transplanting refers to performing transplanting according to the principle of one-row-four-plant and one-ridge-multiple-row and cultivating a honeysuckle planting area after trimming; fertilizing is performed before young-shoot sprouting and squaring and after deflowering in spring after honeysuckle is transplanted for three years and enters a flower yielding period; trimming is performed by taking a row as a unit to realize integral shaping, and trimming is performed again among the plants in a row to guarantee air ventilation and light transmitting and guarantee each ridge to form a honeysuckle fence area; harvesting is performed along the honeysuckle fence areas by using a tea plunker to drag machinery, and fresh honeysuckle leaves, honeysuckle stems and honeysuckle mixtures are harvested and then sorted. By the honeysuckle cultivating and harvesting method, yield of dry honeysuckle per mu can reach more than 500kg, which is an increase of about 66.7% when compared with that of conventional methods, and content of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle can be maintained to reach more than 3.6%, so that commodity utilization value of the honeysuckle is increased. Mechanical harvesting is realized through the tea plunker, so that harvesting efficiency of the honeysuckle is improved.

Description

A kind of honeysuckle cultivation and collecting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to cultivation and the collecting method of a kind of crop, particularly a kind of honeysuckle cultivation and collecting method.

Background technology

Honeysuckle is the perennial half evergreen volubile plant of Caprifoliaceae, has another name called FLOSLONICERAE, honeysuckle flower, honeysuckle etc., and " Chinese pharmacopoeia is recorded in medicinal material and medicine materical crude slice part, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, that cool heat is loose wind.For a long time, honeysuckle not only is widely used in during hospital clinical and Chinese patent drug produce, and also is applied in the industrial production as large raw material of industry of chlorogenic acid extracting simultaneously, and its price is soaring year by year.At present honeysuckle dense planting pattern have shrub dense planting formula, etc. the cultivation method of the equidistant formula of row, wide capable dense planting formula, be main target to obtain honeysuckle bud high yield, the plant layout is pier bunch shape and arranges.The dense planting initial stage can reach 1700 strain/mus.Can only manually gather, the efficient of gathering is low, per mu yield dried flower 150-300kg.The economic benefit of influence and plantation.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and can effectively improve honeysuckle output, improves honeysuckle gather honeysuckle cultivation and the collecting method of efficient.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of honeysuckle cultivation and collecting method, is characterized in, this method comprises whole ground, transplants, applies fertilizer, prunes and gather, and concrete operations are as follows:

(1) wholely: before the transplanting, make high 30-40 ㎝, the furrow of wide 100-120cm, the horizontal every interval 40-50cm of furrow face are opened a wide 10-15cm of being, are that the shallow ridges of 10-15cm, furrow spacing are 1 meter deeply;

(2) transplant: putting in order good furrow face according to spacing in the rows 20-25 ㎝, line-spacing 40-50 ㎝ field planting, delegation's four strains, one furrow multirow, planting density is 4-5 Zhu/㎡, after pruning, cultivate into the wide honeysuckle growth belt of 100-120cm, two adjacent growth belt spacings are 100 ㎝, every mu of plantation honeysuckle 2700-3300 strain;

(3) apply fertilizer: transplant to enter in the 3rd year honeysuckle and abound with after date, apply fertilizer by the following method: before spring, young sprout was sprouted, every row adopted ring-type or ditch shape to execute the fertilizer 15-25kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, urea 0.4-0.6kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1.0-1.2kg, potassium sulphate 0.3-0.4kg; Carrying out foliar application before buddingging, is that 0.4% urea and mass concentration 0.1% boron fertilizer or mass concentration 0.1% zinc sulfate solution spray with mass concentration; After picking flowers in the 6-7 month respectively, every row is executed diammonium phosphate and each 0.6-0.8kg of potassium sulphate; August to November, every row adopts ring-type or ditch shape to execute the fertilizer 20-30kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, urea 0.4kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1.0kg, potassium sulphate 0.4kg;

(4) prune: with behavior unit, whole shaping; Heavy pruning between strain in the row, guarantee ventilation and penetrating light, dredge and go the whole of base portion to tiller, every strain keeps 1 on trunk, and is high 30 centimetres, keep 2 to 3 of one-level skeleton branches, 5 to 7 of secondary skeleton branches, 10 to 15 of three grades of skeleton branches, every row keep knot and spend 160 to 200 in female branch, natural transition and linkage in the ranks, every furrow form a wide 100-120 ㎝ honeysuckle hedge band;

(5) gather: use tea picking machine and gather along honeysuckle hedge band driving machinery, receive and adopt fresh honeysuckle leaf, stem of Flos Lonicerae, honeysuckle mixture, obtain honeysuckle and honeysuckle cauline leaf through sorting again.

Compared with prior art, the present invention is by doing furrow wholely, a furrow multirow, and the planting type of delegation's 4 strains, every mu of plantation honeysuckle 2700-3300 strain has realized the high-density planting of honeysuckle.By heavy pruning between strain in the row, pruning techniques such as natural transition have in the ranks been guaranteed ventilation and the daylighting of honeysuckle colony.By trace elements such as foliage-spray boron, zinc before spending, impose the nutrition supply that measures such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium have guaranteed honeysuckle colony after spending.By cultivating so that behavior unit is whole, formed and be convenient to the wide honeysuckle growth belt of wide 100-120 ㎝ that application machineization is gathered.Carry out mechanization by tea picking machine and gather, improved the efficient of gathering of honeysuckle.By the integrated application of the inventive method, the output of every mu of honeysuckle dried flower is reached more than the 500kg, improved approximately 66.7% than conventional method, and the content of keeping honeysuckle chlorogenic acid reaches more than 3.6%, improved the commodity value of honeysuckle.

Embodiment

Following reference further describes concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and does not constitute the restriction to its right.

Embodiment 1, a kind of honeysuckle cultivation and collecting method, and this method comprises whole ground, transplants, applies fertilizer, prunes and gather, and concrete operations are as follows:

(1) wholely: before the transplanting, make high 30-40 ㎝, the furrow of wide 100-120cm, the horizontal every interval 40-50cm of furrow face are opened a wide 10-15cm of being, are that the shallow ridges of 10-15cm, furrow spacing are 1 meter deeply;

(2) transplant: putting in order good furrow face according to spacing in the rows 20-25 ㎝, line-spacing 40-50 ㎝ field planting, delegation's four strains, one furrow multirow, planting density is 4-5 Zhu/㎡, after pruning, cultivate into the wide honeysuckle growth belt of 100-120cm, two adjacent growth belt spacings are 100 ㎝, every mu of plantation honeysuckle 2700-3300 strain;

(3) apply fertilizer: transplant to enter in the 3rd year honeysuckle and abound with after date, apply fertilizer by the following method: before spring, young sprout was sprouted, every row adopted ring-type or ditch shape to execute the fertilizer 15-25kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, urea 0.4-0.6kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1.0-1.2kg, potassium sulphate 0.3-0.4kg; Carrying out foliar application before buddingging, is that 0.4% urea and mass concentration 0.1% boron fertilizer or mass concentration 0.1% zinc sulfate solution spray with mass concentration; After picking flowers in the 6-7 month respectively, every row is executed diammonium phosphate and each 0.6-0.8kg of potassium sulphate; August to November, every row adopts ring-type or ditch shape to execute the fertilizer 20-30kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, urea 0.4kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1.0kg, potassium sulphate 0.4kg;

(4) prune: with behavior unit, whole shaping; Heavy pruning between strain in the row, guarantee ventilation and penetrating light, dredge and go the whole of base portion to tiller, every strain keeps 1 on trunk, and is high 30 centimetres, keep 2 to 3 of one-level skeleton branches, 5 to 7 of secondary skeleton branches, 10 to 15 of three grades of skeleton branches, every row keep knot and spend 160 to 200 in female branch, natural transition and linkage in the ranks, every furrow form a wide 100-120 ㎝ honeysuckle hedge band;

(5) gather: use tea picking machine and gather along honeysuckle hedge band driving machinery, receive and adopt fresh honeysuckle leaf, stem of Flos Lonicerae, honeysuckle mixture, obtain honeysuckle and honeysuckle cauline leaf through sorting again.

Claims (1)

1. a honeysuckle is cultivated and collecting method, it is characterized in that, this method comprises whole ground, transplants, applies fertilizer, prunes and gather, and concrete operations are as follows:

(1) wholely: before the transplanting, make high 30-40 ㎝, the furrow of wide 100-120cm, the horizontal every interval 40-50cm of furrow face are opened a wide 10-15cm of being, are that the shallow ridges of 10-15cm, furrow spacing are 1 meter deeply;

(2) transplant: putting in order good furrow face according to spacing in the rows 20-25 ㎝, line-spacing 40-50 ㎝ field planting, delegation's four strains, one furrow multirow, planting density is 4-5 Zhu/㎡, after pruning, cultivate into the wide honeysuckle growth belt of 100-120cm, two adjacent growth belt spacings are 100 ㎝, every mu of plantation honeysuckle 2700-3300 strain;

(3) apply fertilizer: transplant to enter in the 3rd year honeysuckle and abound with after date, apply fertilizer by the following method: before spring, young sprout was sprouted, every row adopted ring-type or ditch shape to execute the fertilizer 15-25kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, urea 0.4-0.6kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1.0-1.2kg, potassium sulphate 0.3-0.4kg; Carrying out foliar application before buddingging, is that 0.4% urea and mass concentration 0.1% boron fertilizer or mass concentration 0.1% zinc sulfate solution spray with mass concentration; After picking flowers in the 6-7 month respectively, every row is executed diammonium phosphate and each 0.6-0.8kg of potassium sulphate; August to November, every row adopts ring-type or ditch shape to execute the fertilizer 20-30kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, urea 0.4kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1.0kg, potassium sulphate 0.4kg;

(4) prune: with behavior unit, whole shaping; Heavy pruning between strain in the row, guarantee ventilation and penetrating light, dredge and go the whole of base portion to tiller, every strain keeps 1 on trunk, and is high 30 centimetres, keep 2 to 3 of one-level skeleton branches, 5 to 7 of secondary skeleton branches, 10 to 15 of three grades of skeleton branches, every row keep knot and spend 160 to 200 in female branch, natural transition and linkage in the ranks, every furrow form a wide 100-120 ㎝ honeysuckle hedge band;

(5) gather: use tea picking machine and gather along honeysuckle hedge band driving machinery, receive and adopt fresh honeysuckle leaf, stem of Flos Lonicerae, honeysuckle mixture, obtain honeysuckle and honeysuckle cauline leaf through sorting again.