CN103261673A - 用于在动力总成系统的皮带轮平面中控制能切换的行星变速器的方法 - Google Patents

用于在动力总成系统的皮带轮平面中控制能切换的行星变速器的方法 Download PDF

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CN103261673A
CN103261673A CN2011800611372A CN201180061137A CN103261673A CN 103261673 A CN103261673 A CN 103261673A CN 2011800611372 A CN2011800611372 A CN 2011800611372A CN 201180061137 A CN201180061137 A CN 201180061137A CN 103261673 A CN103261673 A CN 103261673A
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break
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bent axle
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CN103261673B (zh
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M·迪尔泽
D·赖茨
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/043—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer
    • F02N15/046—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer of the planetary type
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
    • F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
    • F16H3/54—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears one of the central gears being internally toothed and the other externally toothed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于控制机动车动力总成系统的皮带传动装置的方法，所述皮带传动装置具有：一接通起动机-发电机和内燃机之间传动比的、具有能借助一制动器以壳体固定方式连接的空心轮的行星变速器；一与所述动力总成系统的所述内燃机曲轴连接的、具有在圆周上布置的行星轮的接片；一与所述起动机-发电机的转子和至少一个辅助机组转动锁合地连接的太阳轮；一在从所述转子到所述曲轴的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第一自由轮；一在从所述曲轴到所述转子的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第二自由轮。为了改进所述制动器的接通精度进而避免在该制动器闭合时的高力矩负载，调适能通过所述制动器传递的力矩在所述制动器的操纵路径上的特性曲线。

Description

用于在动力总成系统的皮带轮平面中控制能切换的行星变速器的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于控制机动车动力总成系统的皮带传动装置的方法，该皮带传动装置具有：一接通起动机-发电机和内燃机之间传动比的、具有能借助于一制动器以壳体固定方式连接的空心轮的行星变速器；一与该动力总成系统的内燃机曲轴连接的、具有在圆周上布置的行星轮的接片；一与该起动机-发电机的转子和至少一个辅助机组转动锁合地连接的太阳轮；在从所述转子到所述曲轴的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第一自由轮；在从所述曲轴到所述转子的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第二自由轮。
背景技术
长久以来已知机动车动力总成系统中的、尤其在内燃机的与变速器侧反向放置的皮带轮平面上的皮带传动装置。在此情况下，曲轴通过皮带传动装置驱动辅助机组，例如电流发生器、空调压缩机、油泵和/或水泵等等。为了能够在其大小和功率方面将所谓的、待用作电流发生器和起动马达的起动机-发电机设计用于两个功能，在DE102004060991A1和DE102007021233A1中提出具有行星变速器的皮带传动装置，它们根据起动机-发电机的转子和内燃机的曲轴之间的转矩流调节不同的传动比。因此，例如在内燃机的起动过程期间将起动机-发电机的转速转换成慢的，以便实现一用于脉冲起动的所需的转动脉冲，而在发电机运行中在转子和曲轴之间设置小的或者不设置传动比。
传动比和转矩流的切换借助于一个或者多个促动器进行，其中，一方面传动借助壳体固定地连接空心轮的制动器进行，并且另一方面转矩流借助两个相反指向的、能切换的自由轮进行，这两个自由轮相互切换，从而使得根据两个自由轮中的一个自由轮阻断切换而定，转子能够翻转曲轴或者曲轴能够翻转转子。以这种方式，处于静止的内燃机能够利用减速比被起动并且具有相同传动比地利用起动机-发电机的转矩支持来运行（助推运行）。此外，起动机-发电机可以作为发电机在两个传动比的情况下被内燃机驱动。此外，可以在内燃机处于静止的情况下设置机动车的静止空气调节（Standklimatisierung），其方式是，一设置作为空调压缩机的辅助机组在曲轴翻转的情况下由起动机-发电机优选无传动比地驱动。
在此，控制所述切换传动比的制动器是困难的并且必须精确地进行，以避免猛的力矩改变，所述猛的力矩改变可能导致材料磨损和舒适性受损。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务是用于控制皮带传动装置的方法，其中，能够以改进的方式接通制动器。
该任务通过一种用于控制机动车动力总成系统的皮带传动装置的方法解决，该皮带传动装置具有：一接通起动机-发电机和内燃机之间传动比的、具有能借助于一制动器以壳体固定方式连接的空心轮的行星变速器；一与该动力总成系统的内燃机曲轴连接的、具有在圆周上布置的行星轮的接片；一与该起动机-发电机的转子和至少一个辅助机组转动锁合地连接的太阳轮；一在从所述转子到所述曲轴的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第一自由轮；一在从所述曲轴到所述转子的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第二自由轮，其中，能通过所述制动器传递的力矩的在所述制动器的操纵路径上的特性曲线被调适。通过使用这类特性曲线，制动器的力矩行为在操纵路径上固定并且能够根据本发明经常地调适。由此，能够实现沿操纵路径闭合和打开制动器的促动器的可靠加载。在此已证实的是，特性曲线的形状例如可以在算法上或者经验性地借助于相应的特性数据来预先给定，并且能够借助一个或者多个能够与制动器的当前存在的运行行为适配的支持点来预先给定。例如可以通过调适摩擦值和歧点（Tastpunkt）来调适特性曲线，在该歧点上，制动器开始传递力矩。在此情况下，所述歧点的有规律的适配尤其是具有特别大的优点的。
根据根据本发明的构想，所述歧点的调适可以在起动机-发电机的多个、优选所有运行状态下执行，以便能够有规律地进行调适。在一有利地实施的方法中，所述特性曲线可以在第一自由轮阻断式被切换的情况下进行。在此情况下，所述歧点通过控制位置地闭合制动器在评估起动机-发电机的运行数据的情况下获知。这意味着，在制动器闭合期间，在力矩传递开始时评估起动机-发电机的行为并且由此识别制动器的歧点，所述歧点被存储为调适值并且被应用直到下一个用于调适特性曲线的歧点获知。
在第一自由轮阻断时的歧点获知可以在内燃机的曲轴处于静止的情况下进行，其方式是，起动机-发电机在不变的条件下在制动器闭合期间至少被运行直到通过起动机-发电机的反应确认歧点。在内燃机处于静止和起动机-发电机的转子转动、翻转曲轴时运行空调压缩机被证明是特别有利的。然而，可以在相应地考虑空调压缩机的例如能够通过经分析的行为而以预言或者说预测方式被估算的负载和相应地考虑补偿该负载在机动车的静止空气调节的该运行状态中对起动机-发电机的影响的情况下以足够精度地确定歧点。替代地，可以在识别或者估算出该空调压缩机的负载波动的情况下短时间地打断或者中断计划好的歧点获知。
此外，可以在制动器打开的情况下在发电机运行中实现歧点，其方式是，将该制动器如之前那样以小的速度闭合，其中，使起动机-发电机以优选方式以刚刚超过曲轴转速的目标转速经转速调节地被运行，并且评估起动机-发电机的运行数据用于获知歧点。辅助机组的、尤其空调压缩机的负载可以如之前描述的那样获得和补偿。
在制动器闭合的情况下，摩擦值可以在以最大负载接通起动机-发电机、转子和曲轴的转速被校准和考虑为改变动能所需的力矩部分的情况下通过控制位置地打开制动器在评估起动机-发电机的运行数据并且必要时考虑至少一个辅助机组的负载的情况下获得。在此，可以将发电机的负载调节得最大、考虑空调压缩机的负载并且优选相互校准转子和曲轴的转速，从而使得可以获知和补偿有助于改变动能的力矩部分。起动机-发电机的在这种状况下获知的运行数据的评估可以具有足够精度地被用于获知摩擦值。
例如在起动机-发电机转动和空调压缩机被驱动的情况下的脉冲起动时，可以在阻断式地切换第二自由轮的情况下闭合制动器和获知摩擦值，其方式是，例如监测运行数据、如起动机-发电机转速的梯度并且根据特性曲线的当前获知的力矩和起动机-发电机的运动方程来校准所述运行数据。在此，可以考虑空调压缩机的负载。在达到制动器不打滑状态之后可以将该制动器以操纵路径的一预先给定的部分进一步闭合，以便避免打滑状态。
起动机-发电机的运行数据例如可以为转子的转速和/或施加在该转子上的转矩和/或它们的梯度。
显然，本发明包括一具有皮带传动装置的机动车动力总成系统，该皮带传动装置借助于提出的所述方法来控制并且包含：一接通起动机-发电机和内燃机之间传动比的、具有能借助于一制动器以壳体固定方式连接的空心轮的行星变速器；一与该动力总成系统的内燃机曲轴连接的、具有在圆周上布置的行星轮的接片；一与所述起动机-发电机的转子和至少一个辅助机组转动锁合地连接的太阳轮；一在从所述转子到所述曲轴的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第一自由轮；一在从所述曲轴到所述转子的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第二自由轮。
附图说明
借助在图1至6中示出的实施例详细阐明本发明。在此示出：
图1示意性示出具有皮带传动装置的机动车动力总成系统，
图2以示意图示出在减速的发电机运行中的、图1的皮带传动装置，
图3以示意图示出在未转换的发电机运行中的、图1的皮带传动装置，
图4以示意图示出在内燃机停止和静止空气调节的情况下的图1的皮带传动装置，
图5以示意图示出在起动内燃机时的图1的皮带传动装置
和
图6以示意图示出在内燃机由起动机-发电机支持的情况下的图1的皮带传动装置。
具体实施方式
图1以示意图示出具有内燃机2、皮带传动装置3、摩擦离合器4、变速器5和驱动轮6的机动车动力总成系统1。
该内燃机以其曲轴8既驱动可以构造为换档变速器、自动换档变速器、双离合器变速器和类似变速器的变速器5也驱动皮带传动装置3。皮带传动装置3包含起动机-发电机7，该发电机的转子9设置得能够借助于相反地起作用的并且借助一未示出的促动器切换的自由轮10、11与内燃机的曲轴8转动锁合地、例如同轴心地或者借助未示出的皮带轮和皮带连接。在此，第一自由轮10接通从曲轴8向转子9的转矩流并且在反方向上阻断，而第二自由轮11释放从转子9向曲轴8的转矩流并且在反方向上阻断。自由轮10、11交替地被接通。在转子9和曲轴8之间还接通有行星变速器12，该行星变速器的空心轮13能够借助制动器14例如与内燃机2的发动机壳体21壳体固定地连接。太阳轮15与转子9转动锁合地连接。在空心轮13和太阳轮15之间啮合的行星轮16被接收在接片17上。接片17与曲轴8转动锁合地连接。
此外，至少一个辅助机组18转动锁合地与转子9连接，例如借助于一皮带轮接入到皮带传动装置3的皮带中。在所示实施例中，辅助机组18由空调压缩机19形成，该空调压缩机没有或者具有固定传动比地与转子9转动锁合地连接。
将可以构造为缓冲器和/或阻尼器的皮带轮阻尼器20转动锁合地配置给曲轴8。
通过借助于所述未示出的促动器或者一唯一的、控制所有操纵功能的促动器相应操纵自由轮10、11和制动器14来控制动力总成系统1的相应运行状态。在此情况下，制动器14控制行星变速器12的传动比并且所述自由轮控制在转子9和曲轴8之间的转矩流。根据内燃机2和起动机-发电机7的运行状态，获得动力总成系统1的多个有利运行状态，在以下的图2至6中详细说明这些运行状态。在调节这些运行状态时，制动器14相对于行星变速器12的动力接通功能产生决定性的作用。为了避免在行星变速器12的两个传动级之间的猛的力矩分配，在从完全传递力矩的、即空心轮13无打滑地壳体固定地连接的状态到空心轮13的自由可扭转性的一操纵路径上根据所存储的特性曲线操纵制动器14。该特性曲线描述在操纵路径和通过制动器14传递的力矩之间的关联，并且尤其能够通过获知歧点来调适，在这些歧点的操纵位置上制动器14刚好开始传递力矩。下面阐明有利的、根据运行状态进行的歧点调适。
图2示出在制动器14闭合和第一自由轮10接通的情况下处于发电机运行中的皮带传动装置3。转动的曲轴8将转矩传递到接片17上。壳体固定地制动的空心轮13引起例如以传动系数3:1经转速传动的、通过行星轮16和太阳轮15的转矩流。由此，尤其在曲轴8的小转速情况下达到转子9的较高转速，进而达到起动机-发电机的更好效率。
从这个运行状态出发，根据以下方法步骤执行摩擦值调适：
-将起动机-发电机的负载调高直到最大，必要时利用起动机-发电机的转速调节，以避免高的能量输入
Figure BDA00003369811500061
-在操纵路径上控制位置地打开制动器14，
-校准转子9和曲轴8的转速耦合，
-考虑空调压缩机的负载和由于改变动能的力矩部分地，在力矩在制动器14打开期间的相应反应的情况下利用摩擦值的获知来评估起动机-发电机的力矩。
图3示出在制动器14打开和第一自由轮10接通的情况下在发电机运行中的皮带传动装置3。自由转动的空心轮13引起通过第一自由轮10将转矩以1:1的比例未转换地从曲轴8传递到转子9上。
从这个运行状态出发，根据以下方法步骤执行歧点调适：
-在转速调节中，以转子9的刚刚超过曲轴8的转速的优选目标转速来运行起动机-发电机，
-在操纵路径上控制位置地闭合制动器14，
-考虑空调压缩机的负载地，在力矩在力矩通过制动器14开始传递时相应反应的情况下评估起动机-发电机的力矩和/或转子9的转速并获知歧点。
图4示出皮带传动装置3，在具有停止的曲轴8、打开的制动器14和接通的第一自由轮10的内燃机停止的情况下。为了驱动空调压缩机19（图1）用于机动车的静止状态空气调节而运行起动机-发电机，转子9翻滚曲轴8。
从这个运行状态出发，根据以下方法步骤执行歧点调适：
-在操纵路径上控制位置地闭合制动器14，
-考虑空调压缩机的负载地，在皮带传动装置3由于通过制动器14传递的力矩而相应反应的情况下评估起动机-发电机的力矩和/或转子9的转速并获知歧点。
在关断的静止状态空气调节的情况下，与前述方法步骤不同地同样运行起动机-发电机。为了在这个运行状态中执行歧点调适，修改前述方法步骤地执行以下方法步骤：
-转接到发电机运行中，必要时打开制动器14，
-将起动机-发电机的转速例如调节到300转/分钟，
-在操纵路径上控制位置地闭合制动器14，
-考虑空调压缩机的负载地，在力矩的在力矩通过制动器14开始传递时相应反应的情况下评估起动机-发电机的力矩和/或转子9的转速并获知歧点。
图5示出皮带传动装置3，在制动器14闭合和第一自由轮10接通的情况下通过起动机-发电机脉冲起动内燃机的运行状态中。在此，转子8在传动比3:1的较高转速情况下相对于曲轴8转动，并且在制动器14闭合期间携动该曲轴，由此来起动内燃机。
从这个运行状态出发，根据以下方法步骤执行特性曲线的调适：
-在操纵路径上控制位置地闭合制动器14，优选在平的特性曲线区域中快速闭合，在超过所存储的歧点之后延迟地闭合，
-监测梯度、例如起动机-发电机的力矩梯度和/或转速梯度，在考虑空调压缩机的负载的情况下由来自所存储的特性曲线的经监测的梯度和在操纵路径上的运动方程建立当前的特性曲线、尤其歧点。
-必要时根据起动过程减缓地闭合或者停止制动器14的操纵过程，
-在终止制动器14的打滑过程之后关闭制动器14。
图6示出皮带传动装置3，在支持内燃机的起动发电机的运行状态（助推运行）中，具有打开的制动器14和闭合的第二自由轮12。转子9未转换地将转矩传递到曲轴8上并且在驱动机动车时支持该曲轴。
附图标记列表
1   动力总成系统
2   内燃机
3   皮带传动装置
4   摩擦离合器
5   变速器
6   驱动轮
7   起动机-发电机
8   曲轴
9   转子
10  自由轮
11  自由轮
12  行星变速器
13  空心轮
14  制动器
15  太阳轮
16  行星轮
17  接片
18  辅助机组
19  空调压缩机
20  皮带轮阻尼器
21  发动机壳体

Claims (10)

1.用于控制机动车动力总成系统（1）的皮带传动装置（3）的方法，所述皮带传动装置具有：一接通起动机-发电机（7）和内燃机（2）之间传动比的、具有能借助一制动器（14）以壳体固定方式连接的空心轮（13）的行星变速器（12）；一与所述动力总成系统（1）的所述内燃机（2）曲轴（8）连接的、具有在圆周上布置的行星轮（16）的接片（17）；一与所述起动机-发电机（7）的转子（9）和至少一个辅助机组（18）转动锁合地连接的太阳轮（15）；一在从所述转子（9）到所述曲轴（8）的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第一自由轮（10）；一在从所述曲轴（8）到所述转子（9）的转矩方向上阻断的、能切换的第二自由轮（11），其特征在于，能通过所述制动器（14）传递的力矩的在所述制动器的操纵路径上的特性曲线被调适。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特性曲线借助获知所述制动器（14）的歧点和/或摩擦值来调适。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特性曲线的调适在第一自由轮（10）阻断式被切换的情况下进行。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特性曲线的所述调适通过控制位置地闭合所述制动器（14）在评估所述起动机-发电机（7）的运行数据的情况下来获得。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特性曲线的所述调适在所述内燃机的曲轴（8）处于静止的情况下进行。
6.根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特性曲线的所述调适在曲轴（8）转动和起动机-发电机（7）由该曲轴（8）驱动的情况下进行。
7.根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特性曲线的所述调适在一辅助机组（18）、尤其一空调压缩机（19）的运行期间进行，其中，所述辅助机组（18）的负载在调适期间在评估所述起动机-发电机（7）的运行数据时被考虑。
8.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特性曲线在以最大负载接通起动机-发电机（7）、转子（9）和曲轴（8）的转速被校准并且考虑为改变动能所需的力矩部分的情况下通过控制位置地打开所述制动器（14）在评估所述起动机-发电机（7）的运行数据并且必要时考虑所述至少一个辅助机组（18）的负载的情况下获得。
9.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在第二自由轮（11）阻断式被切换的情况下，所述制动器（14）以不同的闭合速度闭合到沿离合器特性曲线的一预先给定的位置，并且在达到所述制动器（14）的不打滑状态之后，所述制动器以所述操纵路径的一预先给定的部分被进一步闭合。
10.根据权利要求3至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述起动机-发电机（7）的所述运行数据为所述转子（9）的转速和/或施加在所述转子（9）上的转矩和/或它们的梯度。
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WO2012083919A1 (de) 2012-06-28
CN103261673B (zh) 2016-02-10
US20130281254A1 (en) 2013-10-24
DE112011104570B4 (de) 2020-12-17
US8690723B2 (en) 2014-04-08

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