CN103238438B - Three-dimensional interplanting method of Chinese yew, conifer and fern - Google Patents
Three-dimensional interplanting method of Chinese yew, conifer and fern Download PDFInfo
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- CN103238438B CN103238438B CN201310179348.7A CN201310179348A CN103238438B CN 103238438 B CN103238438 B CN 103238438B CN 201310179348 A CN201310179348 A CN 201310179348A CN 103238438 B CN103238438 B CN 103238438B
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- 241001149649 Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000011611 Pinus yunnanensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000018652 Pinus yunnanensis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011609 Pinus massoniana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013211 Adiantum capillus veneris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005852 Adiantum capillus veneris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001312910 Asplenium trichomanes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001226158 Lastreopsis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001453830 Pteridium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001237998 Parathelypteris nipponica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N taxol Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(C[C@@H](C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3([C@H]21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001116500 Taxus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009362 arboriculture Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional interplanting method of Chinese yew, conifer and fern. The method includes the steps of soil preparation, transplantation and interplantation, field management and the like. Particularly, the method includes selecting neutral to acidic medium-layer thick soil at an altitude of 1600-2500m, digging seedling beds and applying base fertilizer; and after the Chinese yew is lifted, submerging the seedling root of the Chinese yew into mud mixed with organic fertilizer, and then interplanting the Chinese yew into a three-dimensional growing environment in which the upper-layer vegetation is the conifer and the ground vegetation is the fern, wherein two rows of the Chinese yew are interplanted between every two rows of the conifer, and a row of the fern is interplanted between every two rows of the Chinese yew. The row distance of the Chinese yew is 80-90cm, the inter-plant distance of the Chinese jew is 50-60cm, the row distance between the Chinese row and the conifer is 100-120cm, and the inter-plant distance of the conifer is 160-180cm. After the Chinese yew is transplanted and interplanted, the weeding and earthing-up should be implemented 3-5 times a year, the topdressing should be implemented 2-3 times a year, and the topdressing of the conifer seedlings should be implemented once a year. Experiments prove that according to the three-dimensional interplanting method of the Chinese yew, the conifer and the fern, the survival rate, the growth rate and the setting rate of the Chinese yew are improved greatly, and meanwhile, fast growth, early fruit bearing and capability of large-area popularization and plantation can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arboriculture technical field, be specifically related to the stereo cultivation method that a kind of Chinese yew, conifer, fern that can increase substantially Chinese yew transplanting survival rate, growth rate and ripening rate interplanted.
Background technology
The seeds of taxaceae Taxus are evergreen megaphanerophyte; wherein 5 genus are country-level focused protection plant; be not only precious commerical tree species, and the anti-cancer active matter such as the taxol (Paclitaxel) containing in its branches and leaves, bark, there is very high medicinal exploitation and be worth.But; the exploitation of anti-cancer medicine paclitaxel has been caused the predatoriness of these Plants natural resources has been destroyed; for this precious species resource of protection Chinese yew, ensure the abundance of taxol, stable, balanced supply, cultivation Chinese yew forest plantation resource that should be positive.
But in southern province, because summer temperature is higher, rainfall is few, Chinese yew seedling is subject to the bright solarization of daylight in summer, and transplanting survival rate is lower, poor growth.Although the technological means such as traditional scaffolding shelters from heat or light are effective, improve undoubtedly the planting cost of Chinese yew, reduce economic benefit.Therefore, in the time of seedling replanting, should take into full account the physiological property that the happiness of Chinese yew seedling is cloudy, avoid solarization, take into account again ecological benefits and economic worth, become problem demanding prompt solution in Chinese yew seedling fostering.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, with the stereo cultivation method that provides a kind of Chinese yew, conifer, fern that can increase substantially Chinese yew transplanting survival rate, growth rate and ripening rate to interplant
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and the stereo cultivation method of a kind of Chinese yew, conifer, fern interplanting, comprises whole ground, transplants interplanting, field management operation, specifically comprises:
A, whole ground: select the height above sea level section of 1600 ~ 2500m, neutral extremely weakly acidic medium bed soil, ploughs deeply, flattens, and digs seedling furrow, executes farmyard manure 525 ~ 750t/ mu;
B, transplant interplanting: between 3 ~ April by after Chinese yew lifting, first seedling root is dipped in containing 3 ~ 5min in the sposh of fertilizer, then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is conifer, chamaephyte is in the three-dimensional growth environment of fern, between every two row conifers, interplant two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplant a line pteridophyte, the line-spacing of Chinese yew is 80 ~ 90cm, spacing in the rows is 50 ~ 60cm, line-spacing between Chinese yew and conifer is 100 ~ 120cm, and the spacing in the rows of conifer is 160 ~ 180cm, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period;
C, field management: after the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 3 ~ 5 times, topdress 2 ~ 3 times, and conifer seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 375 ~ 600t/ mu at every turn.
Evidence: according to interplanting and three-dimensionally cultivating method of the present invention, the transplanting survival rate of Chinese yew seedling can be increased to 90%.The pteridophyte root-like stock of interplanting contains much starch, is fertilizer, and contains nitrogen-fixing microorganism, can carry out biological nitrogen fixation, for the growth of Chinese yew increases biological nitrogen.In addition, the vigorous part of the growth of pteridophyte, as stem end, tender leaf, the tip of a root and fruit and seed, contains auxin---gibberellin, can promote Chinese yew growth of seedling, germinate, yield positive results, improve ripening rate.The conifer plant of interplanting can be sheltered from heat or light for Chinese yew seedling, keeps out the bright solarization of sunlight in summer, thereby improves survival rate and the growth rate of Chinese yew seedling.
Interplanting and three-dimensionally cultivating method of the present invention efficiently solves the technical barrier of Chinese yew forest plantation large area quick-growing cultivation, not only seed stalwartness, and rapidly, result early, and has improved land utilization rate, has reduced the planting cost of Chinese yew in growth.Can effectively alleviate the serious deficient crisis of Chinese yew natural forest resource, not only be conducive to the protection of national rare plant resource, more be conducive to the spread plantation of Chinese yew forest plantation seeds, and the research and development of the industry of medicinal active ingredient taxol.The conifer plant of interplanting all belongs to the forest plantation quick growing species of trees, is conducive to the improvement of local environment, is also conducive to alleviate the forestry products of growing tension and the raw material supplying contradiction of wood-processing industry.The pteridophyte of interplanting has rich and varied medicinal efficacy, has improved ecotope on the one hand, has on the other hand very important economic worth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the generalized section of the embodiment of the present invention.
Number in the figure: the 1 conifer seedling for interplanting, 2 is Chinese yew seedling, 3 ferns for interplanting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but never in any form the present invention is limited, and any conversion or the improvement done based on training centre of the present invention, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Method of the present invention, comprises whole ground, transplants interplanting, field management operation, specifically comprises:
A, whole ground: select the height above sea level section of 1600 ~ 2500m, neutral extremely weakly acidic medium bed soil, ploughs deeply, flattens, and digs seedling furrow, executes farmyard manure 525 ~ 750t/ mu;
B, transplant interplanting: between 3 ~ April by after Chinese yew lifting, first seedling root is dipped in containing 3 ~ 5min in the sposh of fertilizer, then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is conifer, chamaephyte is in the three-dimensional growth environment of fern, between every two row conifers, interplant two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplant a line pteridophyte, the line-spacing of Chinese yew is 80 ~ 90cm, spacing in the rows is 50 ~ 60cm, line-spacing between Chinese yew and conifer is 100 ~ 120cm, and the spacing in the rows of conifer is 160 ~ 180cm, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period;
C, field management: after the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 3 ~ 5 times, topdress 2 ~ 3 times, and conifer seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 375 ~ 600t/ mu at every turn.
Described conifer is pinus yunnanensis, pinus khasys, masson pine or Huashan pine.
Described fern is shield-fern, maidenhair spleenwort, brake fern, Parathelypteris nipponica, female dragon or venus-hair fern.
The preferred height above sea level section of 1700 ~ 1900m wholely described in steps A, soil pH value preferably 5.5 ~ 7.
Chinese yew height of seedling 20 ~ 30cm described in step B.
Conifer height of seedling 25 ~ 35cm described in step B.
The sposh containing fertilizer described in step B is that yellow sand, humus soil and water are mixed in the ratio of 3.5 ~ 2.5:1:1.5 ~ 2.5.
Containing in the sposh of fertilizer described in step B can also be added 0.2 ~ 0.5% ABT root-inducing powder.
Described seedling furrow are of a size of 30 ~ 50cm × 30 ~ 50cm × 30 ~ 50cm.
Described in step C, field management also comprises conifer seedling is optionally enriched to iron fertilizer, and the weight ratio of iron fertilizer and farmyard manure is 1:10 ~ 1:4.
Described farmyard manure is pig, ox, sheep, chicken, the human excrement fermenting.
embodiment 1
On the present embodiment Lu Zhang town, point illawarra mountain pine woods hillside fields district of stockaded village implements.
First select the height above sea level section of 1500 meters, the medium bed soil that pH value is 5.5, after ploughing deeply, flattening, digs the seedling furrow of 40 centimetres of 40 cm x 40 cm x, executes farmyard manure 525t/ mu as base fertilizer.Between March, after being highly the Chinese yew lifting of 20 ~ 30 centimetres, first seedling root is dipped in the sposh that yellow sand, humus soil and water mixes in the ratio of 3.5:1:1.5 to 3 minutes, then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is pinus yunnanensis, chamaephyte is in the three-dimensional growth environment of shield-fern, between every two row conifers, interplants two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplants a line fern.The line-spacing of Chinese yew is 80 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 50 centimetres, and the line-spacing between Chinese yew and pinus yunnanensis is 100 centimetres, and the spacing in the rows of pinus yunnanensis is 160 centimetres, 25 ~ 35 centimetres of heights of seedling, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period.After the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 3 times, topdress 2 times, and pinus yunnanensis seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 375t/ mu at every turn.Pinus yunnanensis seedling is optionally enriched to iron fertilizer, and the ratio of iron fertilizer and farmyard manure is 1:10.
embodiment 2
On the present embodiment Lu Zhang town, point illawarra mountain pine woods hillside fields district of stockaded village implements.
First select the height above sea level section of 1700 meters, the medium bed soil that pH value is 6, after ploughing deeply, flattening, digs the seedling furrow of 30 centimetres of 30 cm x 30 cm x, executes farmyard manure 630t/ mu as base fertilizer.Between March, after being highly the Chinese yew lifting of 20 ~ 30 centimetres, first seedling root is dipped in the sposh that yellow sand, humus soil and water mixes in the ratio of 3:1:2 to 4 minutes, then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is pinus khasys, chamaephyte is in the three-dimensional growth environment of maidenhair spleenwort, between every two row conifers, interplants two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplants a line fern.The line-spacing of Chinese yew is 85 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 55 centimetres, and the line-spacing between Chinese yew and pinus khasys is 110 centimetres, and the spacing in the rows of pinus khasys is 170 centimetres, 25 ~ 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period.After the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 4 times, topdress 2 times, and pinus khasys seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 480t/ mu at every turn.Conifer seedling is optionally enriched to iron fertilizer, and the ratio of iron fertilizer and farmyard manure is 1:6.
embodiment 3
On the present embodiment Lu Zhang town, point illawarra mountain pine woods hillside fields district of stockaded village implements.
First select the height above sea level section of 1900 meters, the medium bed soil that pH value is 7, after ploughing deeply, flattening, digs the seedling furrow of 50 centimetres of 50 cm x 50 cm x, executes farmyard manure 750t/ mu as base fertilizer.Between April, after being highly the Chinese yew lifting of 20 ~ 30 centimetres, first seedling root is dipped in the sposh that yellow sand, humus soil and water mixes in the ratio of 2.5:1:2.5 to 5 minutes, then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is masson pine, chamaephyte is in the three-dimensional growth environment of brake fern, between every two row conifers, interplants two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplants a line fern.The line-spacing of Chinese yew is 90 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 60 centimetres, and the line-spacing between Chinese yew and masson pine is 120 centimetres, and the spacing in the rows of masson pine is 180 centimetres, 25 ~ 35 centimetres of heights of seedling, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period.After the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 5 times, topdress 3 times, and conifer seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 600t/ mu at every turn.Conifer seedling is optionally enriched to iron fertilizer, and the ratio of iron fertilizer and farmyard manure is 1:4.
embodiment 4
On the present embodiment Lu Zhang town, point illawarra mountain pine woods hillside fields district of stockaded village implements.
First select the height above sea level section of 1700 meters, the medium bed soil that pH value is 6.5, after ploughing deeply, flattening, digs the seedling furrow of 40 centimetres of 30 cm x 50 cm x, executes farmyard manure 690t/ mu as base fertilizer.Between April, after being highly the Chinese yew lifting of 20 ~ 30 centimetres, first seedling root is dipped in the sposh that yellow sand, humus soil and water mixes in the ratio of 3:1:2 to 4 minutes, in sposh, is also added with 0.2% ABT root-inducing powder.Then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is Huashan pine, in the three-dimensional growth environment that chamaephyte is female dragon, between every two row conifers, interplants two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplants a line fern.The line-spacing of Chinese yew is 82 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 56 centimetres, and the line-spacing between Chinese yew and Huashan pine is 115 centimetres, and the spacing in the rows of Huashan pine is 175 centimetres, 25 ~ 35 centimetres of heights of seedling, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period.After the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 4 times, topdress 3 times, and Huashan pine seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 540t/ mu at every turn.Huashan pine seedling is optionally enriched to iron fertilizer, and the ratio of iron fertilizer and farmyard manure is 1:8.
embodiment 5
On the present embodiment Lu Zhang town, point illawarra mountain pine woods hillside fields district of stockaded village implements.
First select the height above sea level section of 1700 meters, the medium bed soil that pH value is 6.2, after ploughing deeply, flattening, digs the seedling furrow of 40 centimetres of 40 cm x 40 cm x, executes farmyard manure 600t/ mu as base fertilizer.Between April, after being highly the Chinese yew lifting of 20 ~ 30 centimetres, first seedling root is dipped in the sposh that yellow sand, humus soil and water mixes in the ratio of 3:1:2 to 5 minutes, in sposh, is also added with 0.5% ABT root-inducing powder.Then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is pinus yunnanensis, in the three-dimensional growth environment that chamaephyte is venus-hair fern, between every two row conifers, interplants two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplants a line pteridophyte.The line-spacing of Chinese yew is 84 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 58 centimetres, and the line-spacing between Chinese yew and pinus yunnanensis is 105 centimetres, and the spacing in the rows of pinus yunnanensis is 168 centimetres, 25 ~ 35 centimetres of heights of seedling, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period.After the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 3 times, topdress 3 times, and pinus yunnanensis seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 420t/ mu at every turn.Pinus yunnanensis seedling is optionally enriched to iron fertilizer, and the ratio of iron fertilizer and farmyard manure is 1:5.
Claims (7)
1. a stereo cultivation method for Chinese yew, conifer, fern interplanting, is characterized in that comprising whole ground, transplants interplanting, field management operation, specifically comprises:
A, whole ground: select the height above sea level section of 1600 ~ 2500m, neutral extremely weakly acidic medium bed soil, ploughs deeply, flattens, and digs seedling furrow, executes farmyard manure 525 ~ 750t/ mu;
B, transplant interplanting: between 3 ~ April by after Chinese yew lifting, first seedling root is dipped in containing 3 ~ 5min in the sposh of fertilizer, then seedling is planted in seedling furrow, interplanting in overstory is conifer, chamaephyte is in the three-dimensional growth environment of fern, between every two row conifers, interplant two row Chinese yew, between two row Chinese yew, interplant a line pteridophyte, the line-spacing of Chinese yew is 80 ~ 90cm, spacing in the rows is 50 ~ 60cm, line-spacing between Chinese yew and conifer is 100 ~ 120cm, and the spacing in the rows of conifer is 160 ~ 180cm, and the plantation of three Plants is carried out the same period; Described Chinese yew height of seedling 20 ~ 30cm, conifer height of seedling 25 ~ 35cm, is that yellow sand, humus soil and water are mixed in the ratio of 3.5 ~ 2.5:1:1.5 ~ 2.5 containing the sposh of fertilizer;
C, field management: after the interplanting of Chinese yew seedling replanting, annual weeding, ridging 3 ~ 5 times, topdress 2 ~ 3 times, and conifer seedling is topdressed 1 time, executes farmyard manure 375 ~ 600t/ mu at every turn.
2. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described conifer is pinus yunnanensis, pinus khasys, masson pine or Huashan pine.
3. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described fern is shield-fern, maidenhair spleenwort, brake fern, Parathelypteris nipponica, female dragon or venus-hair fern.
4. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the preferred height above sea level section of 1700 ~ 1900m wholely described in steps A, and described neutrality to weakly acidic medium bed soil pH value is 5.5 ~ 7.
5. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that also adding 0.2 ~ 0.5% ABT root-inducing powder containing in the sposh of fertilizer described in step B.
6. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described seedling furrow are of a size of 30 ~ 50cm × 30 ~ 50cm × 30 ~ 50cm.
7. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that field management described in step C also comprises conifer seedling is optionally enriched to iron fertilizer, the weight ratio of iron fertilizer and farmyard manure is 1:10 ~ 1:4.
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| CN111011089A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 云杉林业(广州)有限公司 | Rooting promoting device for interplanting Chinese yew under masson pine bottoms and planting technology |
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| CN103004440A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 曲靖市民丰现代农业科技开发有限公司 | Stereoscopic ecological cultivation method of Taxus yunnanensis and walnut |
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Effective date of registration: 20210208 Address after: 673100 Room 502, unit 2, building 2, No. 169, Xiangyang South Road, Liuku Town, Lushui County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province Patentee after: Xu Fei Address before: 673400 manbeng River, Shangjiang Township, Lushui County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province Patentee before: NUJIANG DIANXIN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION PARK |
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