CN103223856B - 用于混合动力电动车辆的模块化动力总成组件 - Google Patents

用于混合动力电动车辆的模块化动力总成组件 Download PDF

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CN103223856B
CN103223856B CN201310027511.8A CN201310027511A CN103223856B CN 103223856 B CN103223856 B CN 103223856B CN 201310027511 A CN201310027511 A CN 201310027511A CN 103223856 B CN103223856 B CN 103223856B
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CN103223856A (zh
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史蒂文·A·福莱特
基思·A·德弗罗
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60Y2304/00—Optimising design; Manufacturing; Testing
    • B60Y2304/07—Facilitating assembling or mounting
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/426—Hydrodynamic couplings, e.g. torque converters
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Abstract

一种动力总成模块，包括输入、支承输入旋转的第一隔板、轮彀、包括连接到第一隔板的定子和连接到轮彀的转子的电机、交替地开启和关闭输入与转子之间的传动连接的离合器、用于促动离合器并且支承于输入的伺服器、以及支承轮彀旋转的第二隔板。

Description

用于混合动力电动车辆的模块化动力总成组件
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力电动车辆的动力总成，尤其涉及可以安装并且固定到发动机输出和变速器输入之间的动力总成模块。
背景技术
混合动力电动车辆(HEVs)具有内燃机以及交替或联合用于推进车辆的电机。混合动力车辆中使用各种不同的动力总成，例如并行配置，其中发动机通过分离离合器连接到电动机，电动机驱动自动动力变速器的转矩变换器输入。变速器具有连接到差速器的输出，差速器耦合到车辆的两个驱动轮。
行业中存在对这样一种混合动力电动总成的需求，即其包括与各种发动机和变速器一起使用的模块组件，以使该模块可以安装并且固定在若干发动机中的一个的输出和若干变速器中的一个的输入之间。装配的动力总成可以因此用于各种车辆。模块包括液压促动的分离离合器、电机、发动机和电机之间通往变速器输入的适当的动力通路。优选地，模块提供从变速器的液压系统到离合器、平衡隔障（balance dam）以及电机的液压连通。模块提供容纳传递到模块的液压流体的贮油槽，以及用于将流体不断地返回变速器贮油槽以便向变速器泵连续可靠地供给流体的通路。
模块需要较低的制造和装配成本，无需对车身改造，并且应当提供可靠的性能。
发明内容
动力总成模块包括输入、支承输入旋转的第一隔板、轮彀、包括连接到第一隔板的定子和连接到轮彀的转子的电机、交替地开启和关闭输入与转子之间的传动连接的离合器、支承于输入并且用于促动离合器的伺服器、以及支承轮彀旋转的第二隔板。
如果电机关闭并且离合器啮合，可以仅由发动机驱动转矩变换器外壳；如果发动机关闭或者发动机运行且离合器解离，可以仅由电机驱动转矩变换器外壳；也可以由发动机和电机同时驱动转矩变换器外壳。
优选实施例的适用范围将从以下具体实施方式、权利要求以及附图中变得显而易见。应当理解，尽管指出了本发明的优选实施例，说明书和具体示例仅以举例方式给出。所述实施例和示例的各种变化和修改对于本领域技术人员将是显而易见的。
附图说明
通过参照以下对附图进行的说明，将会更容易地理解本发明，其中：
图1A和1B包含示出了与发动机输出的前部连接以及与变速器转矩变换器输入的后部连接的动力总成模块侧面剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1A和1B示出了用于混合动力电动车辆动力总成的模块10，其包括具有旋转输出12的发动机；固定到发动机输出12的扭振减振器14；通过花键18固定到减振器14的输出20的输入轴16；分离离合器22，其支承于通过花键26固定到输入轴16的离合器轮彀24；电机28，其包括螺栓固定到前隔板32的定子30，以及由第一支腿36和第二支腿38支承以绕轴39旋转的转子34；优选通过焊接固定到第二支腿38的转子轮彀40；挠性板42，其一端通过花键连接44固定到转子轮彀40，其相反一端通过螺栓46固定到转矩变换器外壳48，该外壳48包围流体动力转矩变换器49。电机28可以是电动机或者电动发电机。
2011年12月14日提交的申请号为13/325,101的美国专利申请中公开了并且参照图4a、4b、5、12和15阐述了适用于动力总成的转矩变换器，其全部公开内容通过引用合并于此。
转矩变换器49包括位于外壳48内并且固定到外壳48的装有叶片的叶轮；由叶轮流体动力地驱动的装有叶片的涡轮，其通过花键50固定到自动变速器54的输入轴52；以及装有叶片的定子轮，其位于涡轮和定子之间并且固定到定子轴56，该定子轴56保持在变速器外壳58上不旋转。
通过螺栓62固定到变速器外壳58的后隔板60在其径向内表面装配有液压密封件64，该液压密封件64接触转子轮彀40的径向外表面。
通过螺栓68固定到发动机旋转输出12的飞轮66支承发动机起动齿轮70，通过焊接到起动齿轮和飞轮66的盘72固定该起动齿轮70。
轴承74支承第一支腿36用以在前隔板32上旋转。轴承76支承第二支腿38用以在转子轮彀40上旋转。
对准轴39并且支承转子34的绕组绕轴旋转的管78固定到第一支腿36和第二支腿38。分别在管78的前、后端的凸缘80、82可以径向向外推出以将转子34固定到管78，并且防止转子34相对于管轴向位移。管78的内表面形成有轴向花键80，通过分离离合器22的交替板（alternate plates）83啮合该轴向花键80。通过形成在离合器轮彀24径向外表面上的轴向花键固定离合器22的摩擦片84。
用于促动离合器22的液压伺服器包括活塞86、反应壁88（有时也称平衡隔障）、复位弹簧90、和用于将促动压力传输到活塞86右侧的压力控制容积92以及传输到活塞左侧的压力平衡容积94的液压管路。当促动压力和液压流体供给到压力控制容积92时，活塞86在由第二支腿38和转子轮彀40限定的汽缸中向左移动，从而引起离合器22啮合并且通过减振器14、输入轴16、离合器轮彀24、以及离合器22传动连接转子34和发动机输出12。
由于离合器轮毂24被花键26固定到输入轴16和活塞86，反应壁88和复位弹簧90支承于离合器轮彀上，活塞86、平衡隔障88、离合器轮彀24、和复位弹簧90的转动惯量位于输入侧，即离合器22的发动机侧。
转子34通过转矩路径连续地传动连接到变速器输入轴52，该转矩路径包括第二支腿38、转子轮彀40、挠性板42、转矩变换器外壳48、转矩变换器叶轮和涡轮之间的流体动力传动连接，该转矩通路连接到变速器输入轴52。
旋转变压器100通过螺栓102固定到前隔板32，并且支承于前隔板32和第一支腿36上，并且在轴向上位于前隔板32和后隔板60之间，该旋转变压器100是用于测量旋转度数的高精度型旋转电力变压器。
在挠性板42和转子轮彀40之间产生旋转传动连接的花键44的齿配合在一起，以使当转矩在挠性板和转子轮彀之间传输时不会产生冲击。挠性板42形成有厚壁部分104，该厚壁部分104具有终止于连结板（web）108的螺纹孔106。通过螺栓110将挠性板42上的外花键齿轴向地压迫啮合到转子轮彀40上的内花键齿，该螺栓110啮合进转子轮彀40右端的螺纹孔。当移除螺栓110并且将较大螺栓穿入孔106以使螺栓接触连结板，从而迫使挠性板轴向向右时，花键连接44的啮合花键齿解离。
输入轴16形成轴向的液压通道，该轴向的液压通道与横向通道连通，横向通道从变速器54的液压系统向模块10传送液压流体和压力。轴向通道120和横向通道122向轮彀24与活塞86之间的压力平衡容积94传送液压流体和压力。轴向通道124和径向通道126向离合器压力控制容积92传送液压流体和压力。前隔壁32形成有通道128，通道128与变力电磁阀（variable force solenoid，VFS）130液压连通。其他通道向转子34和定子30的表面传送液压流体，该表面被流体冷却。
前隔板32支承模块贮槽132，该模块贮槽132包含从变速器54的液压系统供给到模块10的流体。变速器54包括变速器贮槽136，该变速器贮槽136包含通过变速器泵134供给到变速器液压系统的液压流体，流体和控制压力由变速器液压系统供给到模块10、转矩变换器49、变速器离合器以及制动器、轴承、轴、齿轮等等。
安装在前隔板32的密封件140以及安装在转子轮彀40的轴承142支承输入轴16围绕轴39旋转。前隔板32还相对于转子34在适当的轴向和径向位置支承定子30。
安装在后隔板60和转子轮彀40之间的轴承76以及轴承142支承转子轮彀40围绕轴39旋转。由于安装在前隔板32的轴承74和安装在后隔板60的轴承76，前、后隔板32、60共同支承转子34围绕轴39旋转。
安装在后隔板60的密封件64和安装在前隔板32的密封件140防止流体通过位于前、后隔板32、60之间的模块10。另一动态密封件144防止发动机室146和模块10之间有污染物通过。
模块10的组件安装和装配到模块。装配的模块可以因此安装并连接在发动机输出12和转矩变换器外壳48之间。
在运行中，当通过发动机驱动发动机输出12时，如果离合器22啮合，转矩通过转子轮彀40和挠性板42从发动机传输到转矩变换器外壳48。电机28的转子34通过管78、第二支腿38、转子轮彀40、以及挠性板42连续地传动连接到转矩变换器外壳48。因此，如果电机28关闭并且离合器22啮合，可以仅由发动机驱动转矩变换器外壳48；如果发动机关闭或者发动机运行并且离合器解离，可以仅由电机驱动转矩变换器外壳48；并且，可以由发动机和电机同时驱动转矩变换器外壳48。
以上已经根据专利法条款阐述了优选实施例。然而应当指出，除具体示出和阐明的之外，也可以实施替代实施例。

Claims (9)

1.一种动力总成模块，其特征在于，包括：
输入；
支承输入的第一隔板；
转子轮彀；
包括连接到第一隔板的定子和连接到转子轮彀的转子的电机；
交替地开启和关闭输入与转子轮彀之间的传动连接的离合器；
支承于输入上的伺服器，其用于促动离合器；
支承转子轮彀的第二隔板；以及
传动连接到转子轮彀并且可连接到转矩变换器外壳的挠性板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，进一步包含：
形成于转子轮毂上的第一花键齿；
形成于挠性板上并且可以与第一花键齿啮合的第二花键齿。
3.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，进一步包含连接到输入并且可连接到发动机输出的扭振减振器，所述减振器位于发动机输出和输入之间的转矩传递路径上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，进一步包括：
传动连接到输入的离合器轮彀；
固定到转子的管；
固定到管并且通过第一轴承支承于第一隔板上旋转的第一支腿；
固定到管并且通过第二轴承支承于第二隔板上旋转的第二支腿。
5.根据权利要求4所述的模块，其特征在于，进一步包含固定到第一隔板和第一支腿的旋转变压器，该旋转变压器位于第一和第二隔板之间。
6.根据权利要求4所述的模块，其特征在于，进一步包含安装到第一隔板中以支承输入旋转的第三轴承。
7.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，进一步包含
固定到输入的离合器轮彀；
固定到转子的管；
离合器进一步包括：
固定到离合器轮彀的第一离合器片；以及
固定到管的第二离合器片；并且
伺服器进一步包括：
可在汽缸中移动的活塞，该活塞推动第一和第二离合器片进入相互摩擦啮合，从而啮合离合器；以及
复位弹簧，复位弹簧推动活塞远离离合器片，容许离合器片相互解离，从而解离离合器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的模块，其特征在于，进一步包含
传动连接到输入并且支承伺服器的离合器轮彀；以及
在输入和离合器轮彀中形成的液压管路，该液压管路与伺服器液压连通。
9.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，第一隔板进一步包含：
用于容纳液压流体的贮槽；
电磁阀；以及
与电磁阀液压连通的管路。
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