CN103190281B - Cucumber female line induced screening method - Google Patents
Cucumber female line induced screening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103190281B CN103190281B CN201310147285.7A CN201310147285A CN103190281B CN 103190281 B CN103190281 B CN 103190281B CN 201310147285 A CN201310147285 A CN 201310147285A CN 103190281 B CN103190281 B CN 103190281B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding screening and in particular relates to a cucumber female line induced screening method. The method comprises the following steps: seeding, germinating after seeding, flattening the cotyledon to form four leaves and one core of a young seedling, keeping the temperature of 28 DEG C for three hours in the daytime, keeping the temperature of 32 DEG C for 8-10 hours in the daytime, and keeping the temperature of 28 DEG C for three hours; keeping the temperature of 26 DEG C for 4-6 hours at night, and keeping the temperature of 23 DEG C for 4-6 hours; keeping the illumination for 14-16 hours after the cotyledon is flattened to form four leaves and one core of the young seedling, carrying temperature treatment and light treatment synchronously, wherein the light source is formed by the combination of a 100W xenon lamp with the color temperature being 6000K and a 100W bromine tungsten lamp; ventilating for hardening seedlings, performing field planting, performing field management, and removing plants with male flowers of less than 10 sections after the cucumber has ten leaves and one core. According to the method, female plants can be screened and identified under the condition that the female genetic regularity is not required to be known, the pseudo female plants can be effectively removed, and the seed selection efficiency of female materials is improved.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to breeding triage techniques field, particularly a kind of induction screening technique of cucumber female series.
background technology
Cucumber is one of important vegetable crop of China, and its output and the output value occupy the prostatitis of vegetable crop.Cucumber has been realized annually cultivating at present, and the stable market supply of vegetables is played an important role.
In recent years along with the introduction of American-European and Japanese female kind, enrich the ecotype of China's cucumber variety, it is strong that they generally have parthenocarpy ability, the advantage that prematurity is good, Productive Potential is large, and the seed selection of carrying out the female kind of North-China Type for China provides elite germplasm.Making full use of external good female germ plasm resource formulates and is applicable to the female germplasm in North China of Consumption of China custom and is applied to that to produce be the emphasis of current breed cucumber.The hereditary more complicated of cucumber female series, existing document shows, the gynoecy of cucumber is the quantitative character of controlled by multiple genes, and the sexual type of cucumber, except being subject to the genetic material decision of itself, is also subject to impact and gene and the external environment impact of work mutually of external environment.The research of Lou Qunfeng shows, the gynoecy of cucumber is by a pair of nuclear gene control, complete female to weak female be dominant.Temperature optical condition, on pure and mild complete female without impact, has impact to the joint rate of weak female cucumber.Weak female plant is often female by force in performance in spring, and a little less than showing as in the fall female (monoecism).Female expression and environmental concerns are closely related.
On traditional breeding method, generally carry out spring and autumn and save female seed selection, often because environmental condition is inconsistent, cause the female plant of seed selection in spring to show as in the fall monoecism, this false female series can affect seed selection effect greatly, and the process of breeding is slow, selects stable female series difficulty large.Therefore, no matter be that hereditary pattern, in female series breeding process, by necessary environmental condition induction, reject the false female plant to environment sensitive, the stable female series of seed selection is the key that solves female series breeding.The environmental condition of cucumber at seedling stage is larger on the differentiation impact of male and female flowering, and 3-4 leaf 1 heart 10 saves with interior property differentiation to be determined.The rearing condition temperature optical condition larger day and night temperatures of low gentleness at night that adopt while seed selection traditionally, the conditions such as shorter photoperiod meet the differentiation of female flower more.But the efficiency of seed selection is sometimes also unsatisfactory.
summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiency in current female screening seed selecting technique, the invention provides the induction screening technique in a kind of Cucumbr Female Line by Breeding, the sexual type of cucumber can be given full expression under this condition, be convenient to reject in time false female plant, improve seed selection efficiency.
The present invention is achieved by the following measures:
An induction screening technique for cucumber female series, comprises the following steps:
(1) to female strain selfing or the seed that backcrosses with hoting water treatment of seeds, disinfect rear vernalization, carry out greenhouse seedbed sowing, thickness of sowing is every square metre of 660-670 strain;
(2) after planting, Temperature Treatment: daytime 25-30 ℃, evening, 18-20 ℃, emerged after 2-3d, to cotyledon flatten daytime 25-30 ℃, evening 13-15 ℃;
(3) from cotyledon flatten to seedling 4 leaf 1 hearts, adopt following Temperature Treatment method:
28 ℃ of maintenance 3h of day temperature handling process, 32 ℃ keep 8-10h, and 28 ℃ keep 3h; Keep 4-6h in 26 ℃ of evenings, 23 ℃ keep 4h;
Light processing: arrive seedling 4 leaf 1 hearts after cotyledon flattens, illumination keeps 14-16h, Temperature Treatment is shared the same light and is processed synchronously, light source is xenon lamp and the 100W bromine tungsten filament lamp combined light source with 100W, colour temperature 6000K, 1 row light source is established in the seedbed of every 1 meter, xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp are spaced, and distance is 0.2-0.3 rice, 2 meters high away from seedbed be of light sources (arrangement mode is shown in accompanying drawing 1);
After (4) 4 leaf 1 hearts, according to conventional warm light regime, the hardening of ventilating, field planting, field management, after cucumber 10 leaf 1 hearts, pulling out 10 joints has the plant of male flower below.
Described induction screening technique, sows standard size 530mm × 280mm × 80mm, 2, every cave with 50 hole dishes when sowing.
Described induction screening technique, carries out disinfection to greenhouse seedbed and cave dish.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention utilizes special temperature, the controllable seedling cultivation greenhouse of illumination, regulates and controls temperature, illumination, the density of cucumber at seedling stage by the condition that promotes cucumber male flower to grow, make plant seedling stage sexual type give full expression to, eliminate female unsettled plant;
2, the present invention uses cucumber at seedling stage temperature, illumination, density conditions, can meet the normal growth of seedling;
3, this method implementation process mesostroma, clean environment are nontoxic, and anosis worm is coerced, nutrition in seedling stage uniformity, and temperature, illumination, density controllability are strong, can guarantee unanimously, can fully meet the condition of female evaluation to the processing of seedling;
4, this method can, in the situation that need not findding out female genetic development, be carried out the Screening and Identification of female strain, can effectively reject weak female plant, improves the seed selection efficiency of female material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp arrangement mode schematic diagram in the present invention, wherein
represent xenon lamp,
represent bromine tungsten filament lamp.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, further illustrate below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
In South China type female series M16 and the North-China Type monoecism inbred line X8 that our unit oneself cultivates 1 generation that backcrossed after hybridizing, obtains MC colony, the complete female offspring of seed selection from this backcross population.
(1) select at random 300, MC seed, hot water treatment of seeds for 55 ℃ and treat when water temperature reduces by 30 ℃ to keep water temperature 2-3h, pull out and drain, with cleaning with running water after peaceful solution seed soaking sterilization 20min more than 600 times, 12h under 30 ℃ of conditions, sows after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
Sowing green house requirement has the air-conditioning that can heat up and lower the temperature, temperature controller, control light device, light compensating lamp.
Disinfect: greenhouse seedbed is carried out disinfection
Sterilization in one week prior to seeding, sterilization method adopts potassium permanganate+formaldehyde sterilization: every 666.7 m
21.65 ㎏ potassium permanganate, 1.65L37% formalin, 8.4 ㎏ boiling water sterilizations for greenhouse.37% formalin is added in boiling water, then add potassium permanganate, point 3～4 points produce smog reaction.Sealing 48h sterilization can be used after smell disperses.Sterilization method also can adopt other operation, on method of the present invention without any impact.
Cave dish is sterilized:
Black plastic 50 hole dishes, standard size 530mm × 280mm × 80mm(length × wide × height).
With 37% formaldehyde times immersion bubble seedling dish 20min, after pulling out, cover layer of plastic film in the above, after airtight 7d, open, rinse well with clear water.Sterilization method also can adopt other operation, on method of the present invention without any impact.
Seedling medium: adopt the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:1, every cubic metre adds 1kg(15-15-15) and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, the carbendazim of 0.2kg, after fully mixing, adding water to stir makes the water content of matrix at 50-60%, dress cave dish.Adopt other conventional matrix of growing seedlings to be also fine, as long as can guarantee the normal growth of cucumber, at this not only for the above-mentioned matrix of mentioning.
Thickness of sowing: 2 cucumber seeds that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally of every bunch planting in 50 hole dishes, seed keeps flat, and is uniformly distributed in cave, without distance, establishes other kinds of a circle and do protection row around seedbed between the dish of cave.
(2) after planting, Temperature Treatment: daytime 25-30 ℃, evening, 18-20 ℃, emerged after 2-3d, daytime 25-30 ℃, evening 13-15 ℃, after flattening to cotyledon, be always low night temperature process, adopt normal illumination to manage, prevent excessive growth.
(3) cotyledon flatten after to seedling 4 leaf 1 hearts, carry out the processing of high temperature alternating temperature: day temperature is processed 28 ℃ and kept 3h, and 32 ℃ keep 8-10h, and 28 ℃ keep 3h, keeps 4-6h in 26 ℃ of evenings, and 23 ℃ keep 4h.
After flattening, to seedling 4 leaf 1 hearts, processes with 100W xenon lamp (colour temperature 6000K) and 100W bromine tungsten filament lamp combined light source cotyledon.1 row light source is established in the seedbed of every 1 meter, and xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp are spaced, and distance is 0.2-0.3 rice, 2 meters high away from seedbed be of light sources (arrangement mode is shown in accompanying drawing 1).Illumination keeps 14-16h, and defining with the processing of high temperature alternating temperature of daytime, evening is consistent.
(4) after seedling 4 leaf 1 hearts, recover normal temperature light regime, the hardening of ventilating in time, field planting after 2-3 days, carries out normal field management after field planting, and after cucumber 10 leaf 1 hearts, pulling out in time 10 joints has the plant of male flower below.
Rich water quality management: after 1 true leaf occurs, 7d waters rich water one time, can select the fertilizer such as Bao Lifeng, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and concentration is advisable with 0.2 ‰～0.5 ‰.Rich water quality management is all to adopt conventional seedling management means, can keep under the prerequisite of cucumber seedling growth, also can replace with other rich water quality management means, to induction screening technique of the present invention, be do not have influential.
For preventing later stage seedling lodging, can be in the grid lines processing of putting a lodged plant upright for 21 heart stages of leaf.
screening effect demonstration test
Adopt screening technique of the present invention to screen above-mentioned colony, employing natural conditions in spring are grown seedlings above-mentioned colony are screened in contrast, carry out the comparison of female plant ratio.Total strain number is 300 strains.The results are shown in Table 1.
The different screening technique female plant of table 1 ratio comparison sheet
| Group | Total strain number | Female plant | Monoecism | Female plant ratio |
| The inventive method | 300 | 23 | 277 | 7.7% |
| Contrast | 300 | 85 | 215 | 16.7% |
Table 1 result shows, induces colony after treatment through the present invention, and female plant ratio is 7.7%, and contrast reduces nearly 10 percentage point.
After 23 female strain selfings that the inventive method processing is obtained, reserve seed for planting and form 23 female strains, after 85 female strain selfings of control group, reserve seed for planting and form 85 female strains, carry out natural conditions (high temperature, long-day) sowing summer, each strain is sowed 150 strains, observe offspring's female-male proportion, in table 2.
The female strain authenticity that the different screening techniques of table 2 obtain
| Group | Strain number | Complete female strain | Complete female and monoecism mixed stocker | Monoecism system (false female strain) |
| The strain that the inventive method obtains | 23 | 13 | 10 | 0 |
| The strain that contrast obtains | 85 | 12 | 8 | 65 |
Table 2 result shows, is contrasted 65 strains in 85 female strains that obtain show as false female by table 1.Table 1, table 2 result show, adopt method of the present invention greatly to reject environment is showed to responsive false female plant, have reduced significantly female plant offspring's selected colony, have reduced greatly workload, have improved seed selection efficiency.
Claims (2)
1. an induction screening technique for cucumber female series, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) to female strain selfing or the seed that backcrosses with hoting water treatment of seeds, disinfect rear vernalization, carry out greenhouse seedbed sowing, thickness of sowing is every square metre of 660-670 strain;
(2) after planting, Temperature Treatment: daytime 25-30 ℃, evening, 18-20 ℃, emerged after 2-3d, to cotyledon flatten daytime 25-30 ℃, evening 13-15 ℃;
(3) from cotyledon flatten to seedling 4 leaf 1 hearts, adopt following temperature, light treatment method:
28 ℃ of maintenance 3h of day temperature handling process, 32 ℃ keep 8-10h, and 28 ℃ keep 3h; Keep 4-6h in 26 ℃ of evenings, 23 ℃ keep 4h;
Light processing: arrive seedling 4 leaf 1 hearts after cotyledon flattens, illumination keeps 14-16h, Temperature Treatment is shared the same light and is processed synchronously, light source is xenon lamp and the 100W bromine tungsten filament lamp combined light source with 100W, colour temperature 6000K, 1 row light source is established in the seedbed of every 1 meter, xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp are spaced, and distance is 0.2-0.3 rice, 2 meters high away from seedbed be of light sources;
After (4) 4 leaf 1 hearts, according to conventional warm light regime, the hardening of ventilating, field planting, field management, after cucumber 10 leaf 1 hearts, pulling out 10 joints has the plant of male flower below;
When sowing, sow standard size 530mm × 280mm × 80mm, 2, every cave with 50 hole dishes.
2. induction screening technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that greenhouse seedbed and cave dish to carry out disinfection.
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| CN117106968A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-24 | 北京市农林科学院 | Primer group and kit for identifying female strength of cucumber and application of primer group and kit |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101258817A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2008-09-10 | 上海交通大学 | Male-seducing seed-reserving method during cucumber female strain growth middle and later period |
| CN101292668A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Cucumber female phyletic male seducing combination and male seducing method |
| CN101743903A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-06-23 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation method of gynoecial north China type cucumber Nanci No. 1 and application thereof |
| CN101822208A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-09-08 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation and application of hologynic South China-type cucumber South China hologynic 09 |
| CN103004583A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Rapid purification method for cucumber female flower lines |
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2013
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101258817A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2008-09-10 | 上海交通大学 | Male-seducing seed-reserving method during cucumber female strain growth middle and later period |
| CN101292668A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Cucumber female phyletic male seducing combination and male seducing method |
| CN101743903A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-06-23 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation method of gynoecial north China type cucumber Nanci No. 1 and application thereof |
| CN101822208A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-09-08 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation and application of hologynic South China-type cucumber South China hologynic 09 |
| CN103004583A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Rapid purification method for cucumber female flower lines |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 张菊平.黄瓜花的性别决定.《生物学通报》.2009,第44卷(第06期), |
| 郭海等.黄瓜雌性系的选育.《北方园艺》.2003,(第02期), |
| 黄瓜花的性别决定;张菊平;《生物学通报》;20090620;第44卷(第06期);7-10 * |
| 黄瓜雌性系的选育;郭海等;《北方园艺》;20030225(第02期);52-53 * |
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