CN103190281A - Cucumber female line induced screening method - Google Patents
Cucumber female line induced screening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103190281A CN103190281A CN2013101472857A CN201310147285A CN103190281A CN 103190281 A CN103190281 A CN 103190281A CN 2013101472857 A CN2013101472857 A CN 2013101472857A CN 201310147285 A CN201310147285 A CN 201310147285A CN 103190281 A CN103190281 A CN 103190281A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding screening and in particular relates to a cucumber female line induced screening method. The method comprises the following steps: seeding, germinating after seeding, flattening the cotyledon to form four leaves and one core of a young seedling, keeping the temperature of 28 DEG C for three hours in the daytime, keeping the temperature of 32 DEG C for 8-10 hours in the daytime, and keeping the temperature of 28 DEG C for three hours; keeping the temperature of 26 DEG C for 4-6 hours at night, and keeping the temperature of 23 DEG C for 4-6 hours; keeping the illumination for 14-16 hours after the cotyledon is flattened to form four leaves and one core of the young seedling, carrying temperature treatment and light treatment synchronously, wherein the light source is formed by the combination of a 100W xenon lamp with the color temperature being 6000K and a 100W bromine tungsten lamp; ventilating for hardening seedlings, performing field planting, performing field management, and removing plants with male flowers of less than 10 sections after the cucumber has ten leaves and one core. According to the method, female plants can be screened and identified under the condition that the female genetic regularity is not required to be known, the pseudo female plants can be effectively removed, and the seed selection efficiency of female materials is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding triage techniques field, particularly a kind of cucumber female series induces screening technique.
Background technology
Cucumber is one of important vegetable crop of China, and its output and the output value occupy the prostatitis of vegetable crop.At present cucumber has been realized annually cultivating, and the stable market supply of vegetables is played an important role.
In recent years along with the introduction of American-European and Japanese female kind, enriched the ecotype of China's cucumber variety, it is strong that they generally have the parthenocarpy ability, and prematurity is good, the big advantage of high yield potentiality, and the seed selection of carrying out type female kind in North China for China provides elite germplasm.Taking full advantage of external good female germ plasm resource formulates the female germplasm in North China that is fit to Chinese consumption habit and is applied to that to produce be the emphasis of current breed cucumber.The hereditary more complicated of cucumber female series, existing document shows, the gynoecy of cucumber is the quantitative character of controlled by multiple genes, and the sexual type of cucumber also is subjected to influence and gene and the external environment influence of work mutually of external environment except the genetic material that is subjected to itself determines.Lou Qunfeng studies show that, the gynoecy of cucumber is controlled by a pair of nuclear gene, complete female to weak female be dominance.The temperature optical condition is to pure and mild complete female nothing influence, and is influential to the joint rate of weak female cucumber.Weak female plant is often female by force in the performance in spring, and a little less than showing as in the fall female (monoecism).Female expression and environmental concerns are closely related.
On the traditional breeding method, generally carry out spring and autumn and save female seed selection, often because environmental condition is inconsistent, cause the female plant of seed selection in spring to show as monoecism in the fall, this false female series can influence the seed selection effect greatly, and the process of breeding is slow, selects stable female series difficulty big.Therefore, no matter be the sort of hereditary pattern, the environmental condition by necessity in the female series breeding process is induced, and rejects the false female plant to environment sensitive, and the stable female series of seed selection is the key that solves the female series breeding.The environmental condition in cucumber seedling stage is bigger to the differentiation influence of male and female flowering, and 3-4 leaf 1 heart 10 joints are determined with interior property differentiation.Adopt of rearing condition temperature optical condition when choosing seeds traditionally hanged down the bigger day and night temperature of gentleness at night more, and short conditions such as photoperiod satisfy the differentiation of female flower.But the efficient of seed selection is also unsatisfactory sometimes.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiency in the present female screening seed selecting technique, the invention provides the screening technique of inducing in a kind of cucumber female series seed selection, the sexual type of cucumber can be given full expression under this condition, be convenient in time reject false female plant, improve seed selection efficient.
The present invention is achieved by the following measures:
A kind of cucumber female series induce screening technique, may further comprise the steps:
(1) to female strain selfing or the seed backcrossed with hoting water treatment of seeds, disinfect back vernalization, carry out the greenhouse seeding in nursery bed, thickness of sowing is every square metre of 660-670 strain;
(2) after planting, Temperature Treatment: emerge behind the 2-3d 18-20 ℃ of evening on 25-30 ℃ of daytime, flatten 25-30 ℃ of daytime, 13-15 ℃ of evening to cotyledon;
(3) flatten the back to seedling 4 leaves 1 heart from cotyledon, adopt following Temperature Treatment method:
The day temperature handling process keeps 3h for 28 ℃, and 32 ℃ keep 8-10h, and 28 ℃ keep 3h; 26 ℃ of maintenances in evening 4-6h, 23 ℃ keep 4h;
Light is handled: cotyledon flattens the back to seedling 4 leaves 1 heart, illumination keeps 14-16h, Temperature Treatment is shared the same light and is handled synchronously, light source is xenon lamp and 100W bromine tungsten filament lamp combined light source with 100W, colour temperature 6000K, 1 row light source is established in per 1 meter seedbed, xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp are spaced, and distance is 0.2-0.3 rice, 2 meters away from seedbed be high of light sources (arrangement mode is seen accompanying drawing 1);
Behind (4) 4 leaves 1 heart, according to the warm light regime of routine, the hardening of ventilating, field planting, field management, treat cucumber 10 leaves 1 heart after, the plant of male flower is arranged below pulling out 10 joints.
The described screening technique of inducing is sowed standard size 530mm * 280mm * 80mm, 2 in every cave with 50 holes dish during sowing.
The described screening technique of inducing carries out disinfection to seedbed, greenhouse and cave dish.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention utilizes special temperature, the controllable seedling cultivation greenhouse of illumination, regulates and control the cucumber temperature in seedling stage, illumination, density by the condition that promotes the cucumber male flower to grow, make plant seedling stage sexual type give full expression to, eliminate female unsettled plant;
2, cucumber temperature in seedling stage, illumination, the density conditions of the present invention's use can satisfy the normal growth of seedling;
3, this method implementation process mesostroma, clean environment are nontoxic, and anosis worm is coerced, nutrition in seedling stage uniformity, and temperature, illumination, controllable density are strong, can guarantee unanimity to the processing of seedling, can fully satisfy the condition of female evaluation;
4, this method can be carried out the Screening and Identification of female strain under the situation that need not find out female genetic development, can effectively reject weak female plant, improves the seed selection efficient of female material.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp arrangement mode schematic diagram among the present invention, wherein
Represent xenon lamp,
Represent bromine tungsten filament lamp.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, further specify below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
In 1 generation of backcrossing after the South China type female series M16 that our unit oneself cultivates is hybridized with North China type monoecism inbred line X8, obtain MC colony, the complete female offspring of seed selection from this backcross population.
(1) select 300 in MC seed at random, hot water treatment of seeds for 55 ℃ and treat to keep water temperature 2-3h when water temperature reduces by 30 ℃, pull out and drain, it is clean with running water behind the 20min to sterilize with peaceful solution seed soaking more than 600 times, and 12h under 30 ℃ of conditions sows after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
The sowing green house requirement has the air-conditioning that can heat up and lower the temperature, temperature controller, control light device, light filling lamp.
Disinfect: the seedbed, greenhouse is carried out disinfection
Week sterilization prior to seeding, sterilization method adopts potassium permanganate+formaldehyde sterilization: per 666.7 m
2Sterilize with 1.65 ㎏ potassium permanganate, 1.65L37% formalin, 8.4 ㎏ boiling water in the greenhouse.37% formalin is added in the boiling water, add potassium permanganate again, divide 3～4 points to produce smog reaction.Sealing 48h sterilization is treated can use after smell disperses.Sterilization method also can adopt other the operation, to method of the present invention without any the influence.
The cave dish is sterilized:
Black plastic 50 holes dish, standard size 530mm * 280mm * 80mm(length * wide * height).
Soak seedling dish 20min with 37% formaldehyde times liquid, cover layer of plastic film after pulling out in the above, open behind the airtight 7d, rinse well with clear water.Sterilization method also can adopt other the operation, to method of the present invention without any the influence.
Seedling medium: adopt the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:1, every cubic metre adds 1kg(15-15-15) Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, the carbendazim of 0.2kg, fully behind the mixing, add water stir make matrix water content at 50-60%, dress cave dish.Adopt other matrix commonly used of growing seedlings also to be fine, as long as can guarantee the normal growth of cucumber, at this not only for the above-mentioned matrix of mentioning.
Thickness of sowing: 2 cucumber seeds that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally of every bunch planting in the dish of 50 holes, seed keeps flat, and evenly distributes in the cave, does not have distance between the dish of cave, establishes other kinds of circle in the seedbed on every side and does guard row.
(2) after planting, Temperature Treatment: emerge behind the 2-3d 18-20 ℃ of evening, after the cotyledon flattening, be low temperature processing at night 25-30 ℃ of daytime 13-15 ℃ of evening on 25-30 ℃ of daytime always, adopts the normal illumination management, prevents excessive growth.
(3) cotyledon flattens the back to seedling 4 leaves 1 heart, carries out the processing of high temperature alternating temperature: day temperature is handled 28 ℃ and is kept 3h, and 32 ℃ keep 8-10h, and 28 ℃ keep 3h, 26 ℃ of maintenances in evening 4-6h, and 23 ℃ keep 4h.
Cotyledon flattens the back to seedling 4 leaves 1 heart, handles with 100W xenon lamp (colour temperature 6000K) and 100W bromine tungsten filament lamp combined light source.1 row light source is established in per 1 meter seedbed, and xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp are spaced, and distance is 0.2-0.3 rice, 2 meters away from seedbed be high of light sources (arrangement mode is seen accompanying drawing 1).Illumination keeps 14-16h, and defining with the processing of high temperature alternating temperature of daytime, evening is consistent.
(4) behind seedling 4 leaves 1 heart, recover normal temperature light regime, the hardening of in time ventilating, normal field management is carried out in field planting after 2-3 days after the field planting, treat cucumber 10 leaves 1 heart after, the plant of male flower is arranged below in time pulling out 10 joints.
Rich water quality management: after 1 true leaf occurred, 7d watered rich water one time, can select fertilizers such as Bao Lifeng, potassium dihydrogen phosphate for use, and concentration is advisable with 0.2 ‰～0.5 ‰.Rich water quality management all is to adopt conventional seedling management means, under the prerequisite that can keep cucumber seedling growth, also can replace with other rich water quality management means, to the screening technique of inducing of the present invention, is not influence.
For preventing later stage seedling lodging, can 1 heart stage of 2 leaves with the grid lines processing of putting a lodged plant upright.
The screening effect demonstration test
Adopt screening technique of the present invention that above-mentioned colony is screened, employing natural conditions in spring are grown seedlings above-mentioned colony are screened in contrast, carry out the comparison of female plant ratio.Total strain number is 300 strains.The results are shown in Table 1.
The different screening technique female plant of table 1 ratio comparison sheet
| Group | Total strain number | Female plant | Monoecism | The female plant ratio |
| The inventive method | 300 | 23 | 277 | 7.7% |
| Contrast | 300 | 85 | 215 | 16.7% |
Table 1 is the result show, the colony after the present invention induces processing, and the female plant ratio is 7.7%, contrast reduces nearly 10 percentage point.
The inventive method is handled reserves seed for planting after 23 female strain selfings obtaining forms 23 female plants systems, reserving seed for planting after 85 female strain selfings of control group forms 85 female plant systems, carries out natural conditions (high temperature, long-day) sowing summer, each strain system sowing 150 strain, observe offspring's female-male proportion, see Table 2.
The female strain that the different screening techniques of table 2 obtain is authenticity
| Group | The strain coefficient | Full female plant is | Complete female and monoecism mixed stocker | Monoecism system (false female strain system) |
| The strain system that the inventive method obtains | 23 | 13 | 10 | 0 |
| The strain system that contrast obtains | 85 | 12 | 8 | 65 |
Table 2 is the result show, 65 strain systems show as false female in 85 female strains systems that obtained by table 1 contrast.Table 1, table 2 result show, adopt method of the present invention can reject greatly the responsive false female plant of environment performance, have reduced female plant offspring's selected colony significantly, have reduced workload greatly, have improved seed selection efficient.
Claims (3)
- A cucumber female series induce screening technique, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:(1) to female strain selfing or the seed backcrossed with hoting water treatment of seeds, disinfect back vernalization, carry out the greenhouse seeding in nursery bed, thickness of sowing is every square metre of 660-670 strain;(2) after planting, Temperature Treatment: emerge behind the 2-3d 18-20 ℃ of evening on 25-30 ℃ of daytime, flatten 25-30 ℃ of daytime, 13-15 ℃ of evening to cotyledon;(3) flatten the back to seedling 4 leaves 1 heart from cotyledon, adopt following temperature, light treatment method:The day temperature handling process keeps 3h for 28 ℃, and 32 ℃ keep 8-10h, and 28 ℃ keep 3h; 26 ℃ of maintenances in evening 4-6h, 23 ℃ keep 4h;Light is handled: cotyledon flattens the back to seedling 4 leaves 1 heart, illumination keeps 14-16h, Temperature Treatment is shared the same light and is handled synchronously, light source is xenon lamp and 100W bromine tungsten filament lamp combined light source with 100W, colour temperature 6000K, 1 row light source is established in per 1 meter seedbed, xenon lamp and bromine tungsten filament lamp are spaced, and distance is 0.2-0.3 rice, and 2 meters away from seedbed be of light sources are high;Behind (4) 4 leaves 1 heart, according to the warm light regime of routine, the hardening of ventilating, field planting, field management, treat cucumber 10 leaves 1 heart after, the plant of male flower is arranged below pulling out 10 joints.
- 2. the screening technique of inducing according to claim 1 is sowed standard size 530mm * 280mm * 80mm, 2 in every cave with 50 holes dish when it is characterized in that sowing.
- 3. the screening technique of inducing according to claim 2 is characterized in that seedbed, greenhouse and cave dish are carried out disinfection.
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| CN201310147285.7A CN103190281B (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Cucumber female line induced screening method |
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| CN201310147285.7A CN103190281B (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Cucumber female line induced screening method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117106968A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-24 | 北京市农林科学院 | Primer group and kit for identifying female strength of cucumber and application of primer group and kit |
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| CN101258817A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2008-09-10 | 上海交通大学 | Male-seducing seed-reserving method during cucumber female strain growth middle and later period |
| CN101292668A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Cucumber female phyletic male seducing combination and male seducing method |
| CN101743903A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-06-23 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation method of gynoecial north China type cucumber Nanci No. 1 and application thereof |
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2013
- 2013-04-25 CN CN201310147285.7A patent/CN103190281B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN101258817A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2008-09-10 | 上海交通大学 | Male-seducing seed-reserving method during cucumber female strain growth middle and later period |
| CN101292668A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Cucumber female phyletic male seducing combination and male seducing method |
| CN101743903A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-06-23 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation method of gynoecial north China type cucumber Nanci No. 1 and application thereof |
| CN101822208A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-09-08 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation and application of hologynic South China-type cucumber South China hologynic 09 |
| CN103004583A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Rapid purification method for cucumber female flower lines |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 张菊平: "黄瓜花的性别决定", 《生物学通报》, vol. 44, no. 06, 20 June 2009 (2009-06-20) * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117106968A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-24 | 北京市农林科学院 | Primer group and kit for identifying female strength of cucumber and application of primer group and kit |
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