CN103158289A - 水气阻障复合膜及封装结构 - Google Patents
水气阻障复合膜及封装结构 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103158289A CN103158289A CN201110461222XA CN201110461222A CN103158289A CN 103158289 A CN103158289 A CN 103158289A CN 201110461222X A CN201110461222X A CN 201110461222XA CN 201110461222 A CN201110461222 A CN 201110461222A CN 103158289 A CN103158289 A CN 103158289A
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- layer
- aqueous vapor
- composite membrane
- barrier composite
- resistance barrier
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- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
- Y10T428/3192—Next to vinyl or vinylidene chloride polymer
Abstract
本发明提供一种水气阻障复合膜,包括一由聚酯基膜或聚丙烯基膜形成的双轴延伸共押出三层膜,其包含依序堆叠的一第一层、一第二层及一第三层,且其中该第一层还包含一抗黏粘剂,以及含多层有机保护层及多层无机层的有机无机交替结构设置于该共押出三层膜的该第三层上,其中该些无机层由原子层沉积法形成。此外,本发明还提供一种封装结构,包括一光电组件,其上覆有前述水气阻障复合膜。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水气阻障膜,且特别涉及一种具高透明度及柔性的水气阻障复合膜。
背景技术
空气、水气及氧是造成光电组件中的有源层及低功函电极劣化的主要原因,特别是水气更是主要元凶。因此,光电组件通常需要一水气阻障层来阻隔水气进入光电组件内部,以维持光电组件的效能并延长其寿命。
在应用于光电组件的各种水气阻障层中,塑料材料如聚亚酰胺(polyimide,PI)、聚降冰片烯(polynorbomene,PNB)、聚-2,6-萘二酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene naphthalate,PEN)等的水气阻障效果通常不佳,只能用于作为防止光电组件本身刮伤及磨损的抗刮膜层,几乎没有实际隔绝水气穿透的效果。玻璃材料虽然具有良好的水气阻障特性,但其制作耗能、易碎、几乎无柔性及厚重等缺点使其应用不易。金属薄膜,例如铝箔,则具有制作耗能及不可回收等缺点,且其高导电性及不透明性也令金属薄膜不适合用作光电组件的水气阻障层。
既然单一材料无法达到光电组件的水气阻障层所需的理想性质,亦有关于复合材料的尝试,例如蒸镀金属及二氧化硅的高分子复合膜材。此种复合膜材可同时达到柔性及比塑料材料更好的水气阻障特性。然而,此种复合膜材对于空气及水气的阻障特性仍无法达到光电组件的阻气要求,且透明度亦未能满足作为光电组件的封装材料的需求。因此,上述复合膜材仍不足以作为可理想地应用于光电组件的水气阻障层。
因此,需要一种同时具有高透明度、高水气阻障性及柔性特性的膜材以作为光电组件的水气阻障层。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种水气阻障复合膜(水-气低渗透复合膜),包括:一由聚酯基膜或聚丙烯基膜形成的双轴延伸共押出三层膜,其包含依序堆叠的第一层、第二层及第三层,其中当此双轴延伸共押出三层膜由聚酯基膜形成时,第一层包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、经酸修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯或其混合物,第二层包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯或其混合物,第三层包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、经酸修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯或其混合物,且其中第一层还包含一抗黏粘剂,其中当此双轴延伸共押出三层膜由聚丙烯基膜形成时,第一层包含聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯-丁烯共聚物、高密度聚乙烯或其混合物,第二层包含聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物或其混合物,第三层包含聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯-丁烯共聚物、高密度聚乙烯或其混合物,且其中第一层还包含一抗黏粘剂;以及在此共押出三层膜的第三层上交替地形成有多层有机保护层及多层无机层,其中这些无机层由原子层沉积法形成。
本发明实施例还提供一种封装结构,包括一光电组件及贴合于该光电组件上的上述水气阻障复合膜。
附图说明
为了使本发明的上述和其它目的、特征以及优点能更明显易懂,下文特举出较佳实施例,并配合附图,作详细说明如下:
图1显示依照本发明一实施例的水气阻障复合膜的剖面图。
图2显示依照本发明另一实施例的水气阻障复合膜的剖面图。
图3显示依照本发明一实施例的封装结构的剖面图。
图4显示依照本发明另一实施例的封装结构的剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面将提供许多不同的实施例以实施本发明中不同的特征。各特定实施例中的组成及配置将会在以下作描述以简化本发明。这些仅为实施例而并非用于限定本发明。此外,在本说明书的各种例子中可能会出现重复的组件符号以便简化描述,但这不代表在各个实施例和/或附图之间有何特定的关联。此外,一第一组件形成于一第二组件“上方”、“之上”、“之下”或“上”可包含实施例中的该第一组件与第二组件直接接触,或者也可包含该第一组件与第二组件之间还有其它额外组件使该第一组件与第二组件无直接接触。
本发明实施例提供水气阻障复合膜。此水气阻障复合膜可有效阻绝水气,并同时具有高透明度及柔性的特性,因而可应用于各种光电组件的封装膜层。
参见图1,其显示为依照本发明一实施例的水气阻障复合膜。此水气阻障复合膜主要由聚酯基膜(polyester film)或聚丙烯基膜(polypropylene film)形成的共押出三层膜102以及含多层有机保护层112及多层无机层114的有机无机交替结构组成。
共押出三层膜102可包含依序堆叠的第一层104、第二层106及第三层108。在一实施例中,共押出三层膜102可为双轴延伸的三层膜。此共押出三层膜102皆由高分子形成,双轴延伸技术可使此共押出三层膜102在纵横两个方向经历一定程度的拉伸,改变了高分子链段的排列,大大提升共押出三层膜102的强度与韧性等物理性质。此外,经由双轴延伸的此共押出三层膜也可具有较佳的透明度。此共押出三层膜可由双螺杆押出机(twinscrew extruder)进行熔融加工得到。例如,将三层膜各层的材料各自输入至双螺杆押出机中,经T型模头熔融押出,最后经由铸模轮(casting drum)在15℃至40℃得到共押出三层膜。双螺杆押出机的温度介于275℃至300℃之间。接着,将共押出三层膜进行双轴拉伸步骤,例如在循环热风烘箱内进行单次同步或逐步拉伸。在另一实施例中,双轴拉伸步骤为连续式两阶段拉伸:先以加热滚轮的方式纵向拉伸2~4倍,拉伸温度为80℃~120℃,目的是增进机械方向(MD direction)的抗拉性质,再进热烘箱内进行横向拉伸(TD direction)3~6倍,拉伸温度为80℃~120℃。
在一实施例中,当共押出三层膜102由聚酯基膜形成时,第一层104可包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PETG)、经酸修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯(acid-modifiedpolycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate,PCTA)、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯(glycol-modified polycyclohexanedimethyleneterephthalate,PCTG)或其混合物。在另一实施例中,当共押出三层膜102由聚丙烯膜形成时,第一层104可包含聚丙烯(PP)、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯-丁烯共聚物、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)或其混合物。此聚丙烯薄膜是于200℃~250℃经三层熔融共押出,经铸膜轮冷却至15℃~50℃,再经双轴延伸而成(MD方向于80℃~135℃延伸4~6倍;TD方向于130℃~165℃延伸6~10倍)。
此外,无论共押出三层膜是由聚酯基膜或聚丙烯基膜形成,第一层104都还可包含添加剂,例如抗黏粘剂。抗黏粘剂可包含二氧化硅、硅酸镁、碳酸钙、聚硅氧烷、聚四氟乙烯或前述的组合。抗黏粘剂可降低第一层104与其本身或其它物体之间的摩擦黏粘,因而可使共押出三层膜102在挠曲时不会因黏粘而难以回复原状。在一实施例中,第一层104中的抗黏粘剂的添加浓度为约100至3000ppm。如抗黏粘剂的浓度太高将导致第一层的透明度降低。第一层104的厚度可介于1μm~5μm。
在一实施例中,当共押出三层膜102由聚酯基膜形成时,第二层106可包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(polypropyleneterephthalate,PPT)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(polybutylene terephthalate,PBT)、聚-2,6-萘二酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene naphthalate,PEN)或其混合物。在另一实施例中,当共押出三层膜102由聚丙烯基膜形成时,第二层106可包含聚丙烯(PP)、乙烯-丙烯共聚物或其混合物。然而,值得注意的是,无论共押出三层膜是由聚酯基膜或聚丙烯基膜形成,第二层106中可不包含添加剂或其它掺杂物。第二层106的厚度可为13μm~240μm,以提供足够的机械性质,使共押出三层膜102可顺利地共押出成膜并作双轴延伸。
第三层108可包含与第二层106及第一层104相同或不同的材料。第三层108的黏度可等于或小于第二层106,以避免在共押出或作双轴延伸时产生乱流而导致与第二层106混杂。例如,当共押出三层膜102由聚酯基膜形成时,第三层108可包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PETG)、经酸修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯(PCTA)、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯(PCTG)或其混合物。当共押出三层膜102由聚丙烯基膜形成时,第三层108可包含聚丙烯(PP)、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯-丁烯三元共聚物、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)或其混合物。第三层108中可不包含添加剂或掺杂物,以具有平滑表面,使镀于其上的其它膜层具有较佳的成膜品质。第三层108的厚度可为1μm~5μm。在一实施例中,可对此第三层108作电晕(corona)处理。
由于共押出三层膜102的三膜层均由低水气穿透率的高分子形成,且经过双轴延伸加强强度与韧性等物理性质,此共押出三层膜102的水气穿透率比普通的塑料材料低,且具有足够的机械强度来作为基材。在本实施例中,共押出三层膜102的每日水气穿透率可介于1~100g/m2。此外,由于如抗黏粘剂等添加剂仅添加于第一层104中,仅需少量的抗黏粘剂即可使共押出三层膜102具有抗黏粘的性质,且不影响共押出三层膜102的光学性质。
多层有机保护层112及多层无机层114交替地形成于共押出三层膜102的第三层108上,使之成为含多层有机保护层112及多层无机层108的有机无机交替结构。在一实施例中,有机保护层112可为由一多官能基聚合单体(其官能基数至少大于等于2)、此多官能基聚合单体的寡聚物所交联形成的高分子层。例如,可由此多官能基聚合单体、此多官能基聚合单体的寡聚物及一起始剂作为起始材料,经照射UV或加热而进行聚合反应,形成有机保护层112高分子层。多官能基聚合单体可包含丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。多官能基聚合单体的寡聚物为聚合单体的低度聚合产物,用以提供有机保护层112足够的黏度而黏着于共押出三层膜102或无机层114上。多官能基聚合单体的寡聚物可另外由多官能基聚合单体及起始剂经照射UV光或加热反应形成。用以形成此有机保护层中112的多官能基聚合单体的寡聚物与多官能基聚合单体的起始重量比可为8∶1至2∶1。起始剂可包含选自下列群组的自由基起始剂:二苯甲酮、1-羟基环己基苯基丙酮(1-hydroxy-cyclohexylphenyl-ketone)及(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)二苯基氧化膦(diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide),或选自下列群组的阳离子起始剂:二芳香基碘鎓盐(diarylindonium salts,Ar2I+X-)、三芳香基铳盐(triaryl sulfonium salts,Ar3S+X-)、二茂铁错合物(ferroceniumcomplexes)及芳香基重氮盐(aryl diazonium salts)。起始剂的起始含量相对于多官能基聚合单体的寡聚物与多官能基聚合单体的总重可为约0.5wt%~10wt%。在另一实施例中,有机保护层112可为聚偏二氯乙烯(polyvinylidenechloride)、聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(ethylene vinyl alcohol)、其它透明酯类或前述的组合。有机保护层112的厚度可为约1μm~8μm或可为约1μm~5μm。有机保护层112可作为以原子层沉积形成无机层114时的保护层或前导物,促进无机层114的镀膜粘着效果。
无机层114可包含由原子层沉积法形成的透明的无机氧化物或无机氮化物,例如氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铪、氧化硅、氮化铟或前述的组合。无机层114可具有120~200层原子层沉积的厚度,或可具有180~200原子层沉积的厚度。原子层沉积步骤可包含:通入金属前驱物至欲沉积的表面而使该金属前驱物吸附于该表面上,并接着通入水与金属前驱物反应以形成单层的原子层沉积。接着,重复上述单层原子层沉积的步骤100~500次,至达到所欲的厚度为止。在本实施例中,无机层114的厚度可介于10~50nm。
在一实施例中,如图1所示,多层无机层114的最下层可直接通过原子层沉积法沉积于共押出三层膜102的第三层108上,而有机保护层112的最下层可形成于无机层114的最下层上。由于共押出三层膜102的第三层108中不包含添加物或其它掺杂,具有足够的平滑表面,因而可使无机层114直接通过原子层沉积法沉积于其上。此外,有机保护层112的最上层可位于无机层114层的最上层上,以提供无机层114物理性的保护,而使其不易劣化。亦即,在此实施例中,多层有机保护层112及多层无机层114共包含n层的有机保护层112及n层的无机层,n为2以上的任意整数。有机保护层112可作为以原子层沉积形成无机层114时的保护层或前导物,促进无机层114的镀膜粘着效果。
由于无机层114可由原子层沉积形成,其阶梯覆盖率高且针孔密度极低,仅需极薄的薄膜厚度(例如10~50nm),即可具有高阻气的效果,因而与有机保护层112的阻气协同效应更为显著。既然无机层114的厚度极薄,无机层114亦不会具有如传统无机氧化物的易碎及不具柔性的缺点,且透明度也因此提高。因此,交替形成的多层无机层114及多层有机保护层112不但可具有良好的水气阻障性,还具有良好的柔性及透明度。亦即,由多层无机层114、多层有机保护层112与共押出三层膜102所形成的水气阻障复合膜不但具有良好的水气阻障性,且具有良好的柔性及透明度。因此,依照本发明实施例的水气阻障复合膜同时兼具了高透明度、高水气阻性、柔性的特性,且具有足够的强度与韧性,可适用于作为光电组件的水气阻障层或封装材料。例如,在此实施例中,水气阻障复合膜的每日水气穿透率可小于约0.02g/m2,且全光谱穿透度可至少大于80%。此外,由于此水气阻障复合膜主要是由有机高分子及厚度极薄的无机层组成,其质量相对于玻璃材料及金属材料更轻,也可符合光电组件的封装材料轻薄化的趋势。
参见图2,其显示为依照本发明另一实施例的水气阻障复合膜。在此实施例中,与前述实施例相同的标号代表相同或类似的组件。如图2所示,多层有机保护层112及多层114交替地形成于共押出三层膜102的上表层108上,其中多层有机保护层112的最下层可直接形成于共押出三层膜102的第三层108上,多层无机层114的最下层则以原子层沉积法沉积于有机保护层112的最下层上。有机保护层112可作为以原子层沉积形成无机层114时的前导物,促进无机层114的镀膜粘着效果。此外,有机保护层112的最上层亦可位于无机层114的最上层上,以提供无机层114物理性的保护,而使其不易劣化。亦即,在此实施例中,多层有机保护层112及多层无机层114共包含n+1层的有机保护层112及n层的无机层,n为2以上的任意整数。
如同前述实施例,由于无机层114可由原子层沉积形成,其阶梯覆盖率高且针孔密度极低,仅需极薄的薄膜厚度即可达成高阻气的效果,与有机保护层112的阻气协同效应更为显著。此外,无论是有机保护层112、无机层114及共押出三层膜102皆具有柔性及高透明度等特性。因此,如图2所示的水气阻障复合膜亦同时兼具了高透明度、高水气阻性、柔性的特性,且具有足够的强度与韧性,可适用于作为光电组件的水气阻障层或封装材料。例如,在此实施例中,水气阻障复合膜的每日水气穿透率可小于约0.02g/m2,且全光谱穿透度可至少大于80%。
参见图3,其显示依照本发明一实施例的封装结构。封装结构包含一光电组件302及一水气阻障复合膜贴合于光电组件302上。在一实施例中,光电组件可包含有机发光二极管、薄膜太阳能电池、有机太阳能电池、染料敏化太阳能电池、电子纸或前述的组合。水气阻障复合膜可为图1或2所示的水气阻障复合膜,包括共押出三层膜104、106、108、多层有机保护层112及多层无机层114。在此实施例中,水气阻障复合薄膜可以多层有机层114的最上层贴合于光电组件上。如此,既然水气阻障复合膜具有高透明度及柔性,可在不影响光电组件302的出光或吸光特性及柔性下,阻挡水气及空气进入,并亦可提供足够的物理保护及抗黏粘的特性。水气阻障复合膜可与光电组件分开制造,可待光电组件制造形成之后,再贴合于其上。
参见图4,其显示依照本发明另一实施例的封装结构。封装结构包含一光电组件402及一贴合于光电组件上的水气阻障复合膜。水气阻障复合膜可为图1或2所示的水气阻障复合膜,包括共押出三层膜104、106、108及含多层有机保护层112及多层无机层114的有机无机交替结构。既然水气阻障膜为柔性的,水气阻障复合膜可包覆整个光电组件402。水气阻障复合膜可在不影响光电组件402的吸光能力及柔性下,阻挡水气及空气进入,并可提供足够的物理保护及抗黏粘的特性。水气阻障复合膜可与光电组件分开制造,可待光电组件制造形成之后,再贴合于其上。
【实施例1】
将第一层、第二层及第三层的材料各自注入双螺杆押出机进行共押出工艺的熔融加工,得到共押出三层膜。第一层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET),并掺杂有600ppm的二氧化硅(抗黏粘剂);第二层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯;第三层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。在此共押出工艺中,工艺温度为275℃,且三层膜最后经同一T型模头熔融押出,经冷却轮在温度20℃形成膜片。接着,将此共押出三层膜进行双轴延伸步骤(在MD方向拉伸3倍,TD方向拉伸3.5倍)。经上述步骤得到的双轴延伸共押出三层膜总厚度为188μm,第三层及第一层的厚度皆为1μm。对此双轴延伸共押出三层膜的第一层及三层的表面作电晕处理。接着,以三甲基铝(trimethyl aluminum)及水作前驱物,于120℃下在第三层表面以原子层沉积作200层原子层的氧化铝沉积,形成无机层。随后,以线棒涂布97wt%的丙烯酸酯UV胶、1.5wt%的1-羟基环己基苯基丙酮(第一光起始剂)及1.5wt%的(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)二苯基氧化膦(第二光起始剂)所形成的混合物,以UV曝光固化此混合物,形成有机保护层。在此有机保护层中,多官能基聚丙烯酸酯寡聚物及多官能基聚丙烯酸酯的单体的重量比为8∶1。重复上述无机层及有机保护层的形成步骤,形成共押出三层膜/氧化铝/聚丙烯酸酯/氧化铝/聚丙烯酸酯的叠层结构,其即为水气阻障复合膜。此水气阻障复合膜于ASTM F1249测试方法下的水气穿透率值为每日0.017g/m2,全光谱穿透度为92%。
【实施例2】
同实施例1的步骤,但第一层为聚丙烯(PP)并掺杂有600ppm的二氧化硅(抗黏粘剂),第二层及第三层为聚丙烯。双轴延伸步骤为在MD方向拉伸5倍,TD方向拉伸8倍,所得到的共押出三层聚丙烯膜总厚度为50μm,第一层及第三层的厚度皆为1μm。此水气阻障复合膜于ASTM F1249测试方法下的水气穿透率值为每日0.010g/m2,全光谱穿透度为88%。
【实施例3】
同实施例1的步骤,但第一层为聚丙烯(PP)并掺杂有600ppm的二氧化硅(抗黏粘剂),第二层为聚丙烯,第三层为乙烯丙烯共聚物(乙烯的摩尔含量约1%)。双轴延伸步骤为在MD方向拉伸5倍,TD方向拉伸8倍。所得到的双轴延伸共押出三层PP膜总厚度为50μm,第一层及第三层的厚度皆为1μm。此水气阻障复合膜于ASTM F1249测试方法下的水气穿透率值为每日0.006g/m2,全光谱穿透度为81%。
【实施例4】
将实施例1的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共押出三层膜的第一及三层的表面作电晕处理。接着,以三甲基铝及水作前驱物,于120℃下在第三层表面以原子层沉积作200层原子层的氧化铝沉积,形成无机层。随后,以线棒涂布97wt%的丙烯酸酯UV胶、1.5wt%的1-羟基环己基苯基丙酮(光起始剂)、1.5wt%的(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)二苯基氧化膦(第二光起始剂)所形成的混合物,以UV曝光固化此混合物,形成有机保护层。在此有机保护层中,多官能基聚丙烯酸酯寡聚物及多官能基聚丙烯酸酯的单体的重量比为8∶1。依此,此膜的结构为聚丙烯酸酯/氧化铝/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯/氧化铝,作为第一阻气膜。以上述相同方法复制结构为聚丙烯酸酯/氧化铝/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯/氧化铝的第二阻气膜。使用聚丙烯酸酯作为粘着剂,将第一阻气膜与第二阻气膜贴合,形成下述结构的高阻气复合膜:聚丙烯酸酯/氧化铝/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯/氧化铝/聚丙烯酸酯/氧化铝/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯/氧化铝/聚丙烯酸酯。此复合膜于ASTM F1249测试方法下的水气穿透率值为每日0.0036g/m2,全光谱穿透度为90%。
虽然实施例1-3使用不同的材料作为水气阻障复合膜的共押出三层膜的第一层、第二层及第三层。每日水气穿透率皆低于0.02g/m2,且最低可低至0.006g/m2。若如实施例4形成具有更多有机保护层及无机层的阻气膜,每日水气穿透率更可低至0.0036g/m2。由上述结果亦可得知,水气阻障复合膜的全光谱穿透度亦可能随着水气穿透率的下降而劣化,但最低依然可达80%以上,且本领域技术人员可依据设计需求来选择所需使用的材料,以使水气阻障复合膜具有所欲的水气穿透率及全光谱穿透度。因此可知,本发明实施例所提供的水气阻障复合膜所具有的高透明度、高水气阻性及柔性特性,同时亦具有质量轻及工艺简单等优点,使其可适用于作为光电组件的水气阻障层。
虽然本发明已以数个较佳实施例揭露如上,然而其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,可作任意修改与改变,因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求书所界定为准。
Claims (19)
1.一种水气阻障复合膜,包括:
一由聚酯基膜或聚丙烯基膜形成的双轴延伸共押出三层膜,其包含依序堆叠的一第一层、一第二层及一第三层,
其中当该双轴延伸共押出三层膜由聚酯基膜形成时,该第一层包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、经酸修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯或其混合物,该第二层包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯或其混合物,该第三层包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、经酸修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯、经乙二醇修饰的聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯或其混合物,且其中该第一层还包含一抗黏粘剂,
其中当该双轴延伸共押出三层膜由聚丙烯基膜形成时,该第一层包含聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯-丁烯共聚物、高密度聚乙烯或其混合物,该第二层包含聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物或其混合物,该第三层包含聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯-丁烯共聚物、高密度聚乙烯或其混合物,且其中该第一层还包含一抗黏粘剂;以及
含多层有机保护层及多层无机层的有机无机交替结构,形成于该共押出三层膜的该第三层上,其中该些无机层由原子层沉积法形成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该些无机层的最下层直接形成于该共押出三层膜的该第三层上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该含多层有机保护层及多层无机层的有机无机交替结构的最上层为有机保护层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该些无机层包含氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铪、氧化硅、氮化铟或前述的组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该些无机层的每一层的厚度可为120层~200层原子层厚度的沉积。
6.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该有机保护层为一多官能基聚合单体及一该多官能聚合单体的寡聚物所交联形成的高分子层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该多官能基聚合单体包含聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸酯或前述的组合。
8.根据权利要求6所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该高分子层是以该多官能基聚合单体、该多官能基聚合单体的寡聚物及一起始剂作为起始材料,经加热或照射UV光而进行聚合反应形成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该起始剂包含选自下列群组的自由基起始剂:二苯甲酮、1-羟基环己基苯基丙酮及(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)二苯基氧化膦,或选自下列群组的阳离子起始剂:二芳香基碘鎓盐(Ar2I+X-)、三芳香基铳盐(Ar3S+X-)、二茂铁错合物及芳香基重氮盐。
10.根据权利要求6所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该有机保护层包含聚偏二氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物其它透明的酯类或前述的组合。
11.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该抗黏粘剂包含二氧化硅、硅酸镁、碳酸钙、聚硅氧烷、聚四氟乙烯或前述的组合,且该添加剂的浓度为约300~2000ppm。
12.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该第二层的厚度为13μm~240μm。
13.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该第三层不包含添加剂或其它掺杂物。
14.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该水气阻障复合膜具有柔性。
15.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该水气阻障复合膜的水气穿透率小于每天0.02g/m2。
16.根据权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,其中该水气阻障复合膜的全光谱穿透度大于80%。
17.一种封装结构,包括:
一光电组件;以及
权利要求1所述的水气阻障复合膜,贴合于该光电组件上。
18.根据权利要求17所述的封装结构,其中该水气阻障复合膜包覆该光电组件。
19.根据权利要求17所述的封装结构,其中该光电组件包含有机发光二极管、薄膜太阳能电池、有机太阳能电池、染料敏化太阳能电池、电子纸或前述的组合。
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TWI429526B (zh) | 2014-03-11 |
CN103158289B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
TW201323170A (zh) | 2013-06-16 |
US20130156994A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
US9150005B2 (en) | 2015-10-06 |
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