CN103141266A - Flue-cured tobacco planting method for improving tobacco leaf quality by using cedronella - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco planting method for improving tobacco leaf quality by using cedronella. The cedronella and the flue-cured tobacco are inter-planted, and a single flue-cured tobacco planting mode is changed to form a one-plus-one planting mode that a row of flue-cured tobaccos and a row of cedronella are interplanted. An application effect shows that the flue-cured tobacco which grows in the interplanting mode is obviously superior to monocultured flue-cured tobacco in data of plant height, steam diameter, leaf area, effective leaf number, single leaf weight and single plant yield. Through sensory evaluation, the sensory quality of the interplanted flue-cured tobacco is superior to that of the monocultured flue-cured tobacco. Thus, the quality of the flue-cured tobacco can be effectively improved by applying the flue-cured tobacco planting method; and meanwhile, a higher ornamental value is realized by using interplanting of the aromatic crop and the flue-cured tobacco.

Description

A kind of tobacco planting method of utilizing lemon-grass to improve quality of tobacco

Technical field

The invention belongs to the tobacco planting technical field, specifically relate to a kind of tobacco planting method of utilizing lemon-grass to improve quality of tobacco.

Background technology

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is annual economic crops, happiness temperature, multiple planting in fertile, hydrophobic soil.At present, China has become the first big country of world's tobacco planting, and Yunnan Province have the title of " flue-cured tobacco kingdom ", tobacco planting area, output, the quality position that all is the first in the nation.At present, the plantation of flue-cured tobacco is take nonoculture as main, and single cropping pattern makes the quality of tobacco leaf be difficult to further lifting.

Lemon-grass (Cymbopogon citratus) is the grass family Cymbopogon plants, common aromatic crop and flavouring, be adapted at growing in warm, moist environment, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian, Taiwan, zhejiang and other places are originated in the main place of production in China.Nature and flavor are hot, temperature.Has expelling wind to resolve the exterior, the effect of eliminating blood stasis and smoothing collaterals.The headache that can be used for curing cold, stomachache is had loose bowels, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, traumatic injury etc.The main chemical compositions of its ethereal oil has citral, neral, linalool, menthones, citronellol etc.Have not mature hay-scented, little have the fragrant and sweet of geraniol, and fragrance is strong and lasting, is usually used in the blending of various commodity.The aroma former zymotic fluid that filters out from lemon-grass is used for the blending of tobacco, can obviously improve stimulation, promote flue gas matter etc.

Between, interplanting has long history in China, the mode that reasonably adopts interplant effectively disease and pest control, improve crop yield and quality, thereby the using of minimizing agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer.It is to change to the mechanism of making the deposits yields gain effect, and field nitrogen distributes, changes photosynthesis of plant, changes the land for growing field crops wind speed, allelopathy prevents damage by disease and insect etc.Interplant is used morely in the Traditional Agricultural crop, uses less in tobacco planting; The purpose of interplant is more common in prevention and elimination of disease and pests and is improved land utilization rate, and the application that is used for the lifting crop quality is less.A kind of cultivation method of interplanting stevia rebaudiana in tobacco is provided in patent 201010233987, and the method begins interplanting stevia rebaudiana at the tobacco initial stage of gathering, and interplanting, improved land utilization rate while gathering, and can make peasant household's revenue growth.One cultivation method that grows tobacco interplant of bean is provided in patent 201210068405, with anti-shade, anti-fall in slow ripe summer soybean interplanting, with the last thoughtfully all no-tillage and direct-seeding soybean after tobacco leaf picking for the first time of tobacco leaf picking for the first time, realize the complementary utilization of tobacco, the soybean space-time on resource, improved land productivity.

But the tobacco interplanting method that provides in these technology is all in order to improve land productivity and to promote the output of crops, and purpose is not in order to promote the quality of tobacco.At present not yet there are lemon-grass and tobacco to interplant to promote the application of cigarette quality.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of tobacco planting method of utilizing lemon-grass to improve quality of tobacco is provided, by with lemon-grass and flue-cured tobacco interplanting, make the quality of flue-cured tobacco obtain to promote.

Purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:

A kind of tobacco planting method of utilizing lemon-grass to improve quality of tobacco comprises the following steps:

(1) carry out according to a conventional method respectively growing seedlings of flue-cured tobacco, lemon-grass;

(2) lemon-grass was transplanted mid-April, and delegation, spacing in the rows 0.4m, line-spacing 3.0 m are planted in every ridge;

(3) flue-cured tobacco was transplanted in lemon-grass in the ranks at the beginning of late April to 5 month, and spacing in the rows 50cm～55cm forms the cropping pattern of " 1+1 " with lemon-grass, namely plants lemon-grass plantation delegation of delegation flue-cured tobacco, carries out daily management and fertilising according to conventional method afterwards.

Lemon-grass is incorporated in traditional tobacco planting, utilize the fragrance component of lemon-grass sustained release in process of growth to produce impact preferably to flue-cured tobacco, the pattern of interplanting can make flue-cured tobacco accept more illumination simultaneously, and has improved the ventilation condition in field, makes the quality of flue-cured tobacco obtain to promote.Adopt the mode of interplanting with lemon-grass to promote land utilization rate and also have simultaneously ornamental value preferably.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and lemon-grass interplanting schematic diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but drawings and Examples are not limitation of the invention.

Embodiment 1

Adopt the cropping pattern of " 1+1 ", namely plant lemon-grass plantation delegation of delegation flue-cured tobacco.By changing traditional flue-cured tobacco and the cropping pattern of lemon-grass, sunshine, the ventilation condition in flue-cured tobacco field have been improved, the flue-cured tobacco single plant yield is improved, and the aroma component that lemon-grass is distributed in process of growth can improve the suction flavor of tobacco leaf, thereby promote quality and the availability of tobacco leaf.Below the detailed description to embodiment of the present invention:

Plantation place: cloud and mist impression cigarette village

1, transplanting and the management of interplanting lemon-grass

(1) select that draining is good, the field of fertile soil, use sufficient base manure, harrow broken leveling.

(2) early April is transplanted lemon-grass, waters sufficient normal root water, makes soil conservation moistening, promotes that new root survives.Spacing in the rows 0.4m, line-spacing 3.0m(in the ranks grows tobacco).

(3) timely intertill and clean tillage after slow seedling keeps native face loose without weeds.

(4) can gather once at quarterly intervals after the plantation, need stay on the ground the above stem of 5cm when gathering, the timely collecting lemon-grass is conducive to the lemon-grass aroma component distributes, and makes tobacco leaf more easily adsorb its aroma component.

2, transplanting and the management of interplanting flue-cured tobacco

(1) select fine quality K326 and lemon-grass to interplant.

(2) whole geographical moisture in the soil, the ridging height is 0.3-0.35m, the moisture in the soil face is smooth.

(3) transplant the cigarette seedling the first tenday period of a month in late April to May, seedling is implanted lemon-grass in the ranks, form " 1+1 " cropping pattern of lemon-grass delegation of delegation tobacco, tobacco spacing in the rows 0.5-0.55m, tobacco and lemon-grass interval 1.5m.

(4) manually remove weeds in field, keep field cleaning, ventilation and penetrating light.Bind when are buddingged in 50% left and right in the land for growing field crops, stay 18-20, leaf.

(5) Divisional is pressed tobacco leaf maturity timely collecting.Bottom leaf proper mature (ripe) is gathered, and the middle leaf maturation is gathered, disposable gathering after 4-6, top leaf is fully ripe.

3, implementation result

(1) nonoculture lemon-grass, nonoculture flue-cured tobacco (K326) are set respectively in contrast in implementation process.Nonoculture lemon-grass line-spacing 0.7m, spacing in the rows 0.4m; Nonoculture K326 line-spacing 1.2m, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.55m.All the other transplantings are consistent with the cover plant with control measures.

(2) remove the pin leaf after, lower tobacco leaf begins when ripe to pluck, each processing selecting 10 strain (the contrast cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed and got 12 strains), plant height, leaves number, stem to the rear flue-cured tobacco of pinching slightly carry out one-shot measurement, the every leaf of plucking is measured leaf wide long with leaf, get the two single leaves of canopy leaves measurement heavy, total data is carried out statistical analysis with the DPS data processing software.

A. on cigarette strain plant height, through the DPS software analysis, the average plant height of cigarette strain of interplanting lemon-grass is 121.20cm, and the average plant height of nonoculture cigarette strain is 120.95cm, and interplanting is extremely remarkable with nonoculture tobacco difference on average plant height data.

B. on cigarette strain stem raw data, through the DPS software analysis, the cigarette strain stem average perimeter of interplanting lemon-grass is 10.07cm, and nonoculture cigarette strain stem average perimeter is 9.77cm, and difference is extremely remarkable.

C. on the leaf area data, through the DPS software analysis, the average leaf area of cigarette strain of interplanting lemon-grass is 1251.56 cm ², the average leaf area of nonoculture cigarette strain is 1115.08 cm ², difference is extremely remarkable.

D. on single leaf leaf tuple certificate, through the DPS software analysis, the average single leaf leaf of cigarette strain of interplanting lemon-grass is heavily 58.58g, and the average single leaf leaf of nonoculture cigarette strain is heavily 53.83g, significant difference.

E. on the leaves number data, through the DPS software analysis, the cigarette strain the average leaf number of interplanting lemon-grass is 27.00, and nonoculture cigarette strain the average leaf number is 23.10, and difference is extremely remarkable.

F. the individual plant yield of flue-cured tobacco is compared, through the DPS software analysis, the average single plant yield of flue-cured tobacco of interplanting lemon-grass is 1581.66g, and the average single plant yield of nonoculture flue-cured tobacco is 1243.47g, and difference is extremely remarkable.

As can be seen from the results, the plant height of cigarette strain in each intercropping mode, stem are thick, single leaf weight and single plant yield, leaf area and leaves number comparison nonoculture contrast have obvious raising, show that the interplanting pattern can't produce the growth of tobacco individuality unfavorable, but be conducive to promote it to grow tall, increase thick and improve the aspect such as leaves number, thereby improved single plant yield.

(3) flue-cured tobacco, lemon-grass of plucking interplanting and nonoculture be totally 4 fresh sample, each sample 150g, and chopping, in conjunction with the n-hexane extraction volatile essential oil, gained essential oil solution adds anhydrous sodium sulfate drying with steam distillation, for the GC-MS determination and analysis.Testing result shows in the tobacco sample of interplanting and 3,7-dimethyl-2 detected, 6-octadiene aldehyde, these two kinds of compositions of laurene, and these compositions do not detect in the tobacco of nonoculture.Explanation is under the interplanting pattern, and tobacco leaf can adsorb some lemon-grass aroma components to a certain extent.

(4) interplanting and nonoculture tobacco leaf after just baking are carried out the sensory evaluating smoking, smoke panel test through contrast, tobacco incense tolerance and the fragrance matter of interplanting with lemon-grass all are better than the nonoculture tobacco leaf, and the suction quality that can promote tobacco leaf with the lemon-grass interplanting is described.

Claims (1)

1. tobacco planting method of utilizing lemon-grass to improve quality of tobacco comprises the following steps:

(1) carry out according to a conventional method respectively growing seedlings of flue-cured tobacco, lemon-grass;

(2) lemon-grass was transplanted mid-April, and delegation, spacing in the rows 0.4m, line-spacing 3.0 m are planted in every ridge;

(3) flue-cured tobacco was transplanted in lemon-grass in the ranks at the beginning of late April to 5 month, and spacing in the rows 50cm～55cm forms the cropping pattern of " 1+1 " with lemon-grass, namely plants lemon-grass plantation delegation of delegation flue-cured tobacco, carries out daily management and fertilising according to conventional method afterwards.