CN103141243A - Fern spore propagation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fern spore propagation method, which belongs to the technical field of fern spore propagation. In autumn and winter, in a simple greenhouse, a household fish tank is used for heating a potted spore which is immersed in the water through a constant-temperature heating bar so as to maintain an optimum sprouting temperature (about 25DEG C) of the spore and to promote the sprouting of the spore; in a seeding process, no sterilization is needed, and no special management is needed in a maintenance process; and the average yield of spore seedlings per pot is 142. Base materials are simple to prepare, the operation method is simple and feasible, technical difficulties in the spore propagation process can be solved, the seeding and maintenance process is environment-friendly, a great amount of ferns can be propagated, and high economic benefit can be created. The method can be popularized to the spore propagation of other ferns, and a high popularization and application value can be realized.

Description

A kind of pteridophyta spore propagation method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the plant propagation technical field, particularly relate to a kind of practical approach of pteridophyta spore breeding.

Background technology:

Pteridophyte (Fern) also claim pteridophyte, is original vascular plant, is a taxon between bryophyte and spermatophyte.It is high spore producing plant, has obvious replacement of generation, and preponderates with heterogenetic sporophyte.

The sporogenesis of pteridophyte is a kind of shortcut of fast breeding seedling, it have simple, breeding amount is large, the many advantages such as with low cost, simple, is the main mode of fern breeding.The large-scale production of external fern mainly relies on spore to breed, and has more ripe production technology.And the production of domestic pteridophyte mainly relies on the seedling of some ferns of import, carries out processing, perhaps utilizes the mode of division propagation to produce; The pteridophyte of only a few kind carries out amount reproduction by tissue culture method, but due to high less than workout cost, technology is used the large shortcoming of difficulty, causes can not being widely used in actual production; The sporogenesis that carries out in summer, the germination rate of spore and planting percent are all lower, can not form actual production.The production of domestic medicinal and Ornamental Fern kind mainly relies on the mountain with seedling and excavates Wild plant and carry out, this method, very easily cause waste and the destruction of wild resource, and the natural environment of periphery is damaged, and breeding amount is limited, be difficult to produce in batches, and then be difficult to enter and dominate the market, this is also pteridophyte proportion one of the main reasons seldom in the horticultural production of China.

Under normal operation, we are many carries out the breeding of pteridophyta spore in summer, but because summer temp is high, environmental condition, especially the controllability of the high temperature in summer is low, the height of controlling cost, in the sporogenesis process, living contaminants is serious, add the continuous high temperature in summer, surpass the suitableeest Germination Temperature of spore, cause the germination rate of fern seed and planting percent too low, can not satisfy Production requirement; Above-mentioned reason causes making pteridophyte a large amount of productions among the people and universal having difficulty in walking.

Provide one simple, get twice the result with half the effort, with low cost, the sporogenesis method that breeding amount is large is that our domestic pteridophyte produces and is badly in need of a technical barrier solving.Up to now, yet there are no a kind of easy heating method that utilizes, in autumn and winter, pteridophyta spore is carried out prolific report.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the problem that occurs in the fern seed reproductive process, provides a kind of pollution rate low, and planting percent is high, the pteridophyta spore propagation method that can operate at lower cost in actual production.

Pteridophyta spore sporogenesis autumn and winter method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1. time of spore sowing: annual early October.

2. the preparation of matrix: the composition of sowing media is perlite: river sand: peat (1: 1: 1 volume ratio), and through well-mixed matrix.

3. the collection of spore: according to conventional spore collecting method, gather spore in the spore maturation, as surpassing 1 month from the sowing time, need be placed on extremely sowing of stored refrigerated in refrigerator; The present invention's spore used is the spore of East China From Arachniodes, and the spore acquisition time is late September.

4. sow the preparation of material and warming-up device winter: sow in conventional glass greenhouse, in the greenhouse, range of temperature is at 8-28 ℃; Prepare the above Turnover Box of height 20cm several, family's fish jar is some with fixed temperature heating rod (26 ℃ of fixed temperatures, positive and negative 1 ℃ of up and down).

5. matrix dress basin and processing: the matrix that mixes is put into the plastic flowerpot that bore is the 12cm bore, and press tightly with hand, put into the plastic basin that fills water and soak, make moisture soak into basin soil; as far as possible in basin, the matrix contact closely, can prevent the floating movement of spore after planting.

6. spore sowing: the waterlogged plastic flowerpot of matrix is taken out from plastic basin, used with the circular plank of handle the suppression of the matrix in flowerpot is smooth; The spore that weighs up weight evenly is sprinkling upon on plastic flowerpot matrix.

7. soak basin and temperature control: at the running water of the in-built 10cm degree of depth of plastic box, the plastic flowerpot of having broadcast spore is put into Turnover Box, plastic covering or glass plate above Turnover Box; The fixed temperature heating rod is put into Turnover Box,, connect the heating rod power supply and heat during lower than 20 ℃ at nocturnal temperature.

8. maintenance management: Turnover Box is placed on sunny place in the greenhouse; Under the heating rod normal running conditions, in Turnover Box, water temperature is controlled between 23-28 ℃, and the optimum temperature of sporogenesis is 25 ℃ of left and right, and this temperature very meets the optimum temperature of sporogenesis; Running water in Turnover Box will guarantee to change water once in the week, guarantees the cleaning of water quality.After planting, through 40-50 days, form prothallium, then through time of about 30 days, as seen have sporophyte to occur; To Second Year June, can carry out the transplanting of spore seedling and process in the greenhouse.Add up in June, 2010, in the plastic flowerpot of 12cm bore, on average can produce East China From Arachniodes children spore seedling 142 strains, can satisfy the demand of actual production fully.

Compare with existing sporogenesis mode, the advantage of the method is:

1. the sporogenesis of pteridophyte always is in group training indoorly, perhaps breeds in summer with commonsense method, and in autumn and winter, the mode of utilizing simple greenhouse and Turnover Box to be filled with water to heat is carried out pteridophyta spore and bred, also beyond example.

2. have that method is simple, workable characteristics; Without the need for good horticultural facility, do not need the very high technological literacy of operating personnel and knowwhy, common flower-grower and skilled worker can operate.The method technical key point is easy to popularize in the primary producer, is convenient to the application on pteridophyte produces.

3. temperature control method is novel, adopts cheap family's fish jar to heat with the fixed temperature heating rod, and is lower to the requirement of warming-up device; Carry out the breeding of pteridophyta spore autumn and winter with the heating rod temperature control, method is simple, practical, novel, and actual effect is good; Temperature can be controlled at the optimum temperature of the pteridophyta spore breeding of 25 ℃ of left and right.

4. spore germination rate is high, and the sporophyte planting percent is high, than summer common sporogenesis mode the high 2-10 of spore germination rate doubly more than; The enough lower production costs of energy, realize larger income in pteridophyte produces.

5. carry out the breeding of spore in autumn and winter, the work expenditure is reduced on the peak that can stagger and produce; Winter, ambient temperature was low, and the miscellaneous bacteria in environment is less, reduced largely the pollution in the sowing basin; Reduce in carrying out sporogenesis summer sowing media and be vulnerable to the problem that fungus and bacterium infects; Simultaneously, also be easy to utilize heating rod to carry out thermostatic control to the water temperature in Turnover Box.

6. because needing the participation of water in the pteridophyta spore germination process always, keep the running water of the 10cm degree of depth in Turnover Box, can guarantee in the spore germination process demand to water.

7. the spore of sowing use, the matrix that is mixed, and whole spore seeding and seedling raising process all need not save human and material resources with sterilization, also avoided pollution on the environment, has the advantage of economic environmental protection, meets green requirement of producing.

Embodiment

In annual early October, the ripe spore that gathers with late September or the spore of refrigerator cold-storage are as the sowing material, and spore need not used disinfection.With the mixed-matrix perlite that configures: river sand: peat (1: 1: 1 volume ratio) is packed in 12cm bore plastic flowerpot, slightly suppression, and immersion is processed, and is after saturated with water, smooth, stand-by with the original plank suppression with wooden handle; The spore uniform broadcasting of 30mg on basin soil, is put into the plastic flowerpot that has broadcasted sowing spore the Turnover Box that fills the dark running water of 10cm; Cover transparent plastic film or glass plate on Turnover Box, in order to fully entering of light; Family's fish jar is kept flat in Turnover Box with the fixed temperature heating rod, carry out the preparation of heating.

Turnover Box is placed on sunny place in the greenhouse, has connected power supply, when night, temperature was lower than 20 ℃, namely begin to utilize the heating rod of fixed temperature to heat, guarantee that in Turnover Box, water temperature remains on 25 ℃ of left and right; In Turnover Box, an average Zhou Huanshui once, guarantees the cleaning of immersion water quality.

After planting, through 40-50 days, form prothallium, then through time of about 30 days, as seen have sporophyte to occur; It is 142 strains that average every basin produces spore seedling quantity; After June, can carry out the transplanting of young spore seedling to Second Year.

Claims (3)

1. pteridophyta spore propagation method is characterized in that:

(1) sowing time of spore is early October; The spore acquisition time is summer (need refrigerate to the sowing time) and late September.

(2) sow in conventional glass greenhouse, in the greenhouse, range of temperature is at 8-28 ℃; Prepare the above Turnover Box of height 20cm several, be used for being filled with water and splendid attire sowing spore plastic flowerpot used, family's fish jar is some with fixed temperature heating rod (26 ℃ of fixed temperatures, positive and negative 1 ℃ of up and down), is used for the water temperature in Turnover Box is controlled.

(3) at the running water of the in-built 10cm degree of depth of plastic box, the plastic flowerpot of having broadcast spore is put into Turnover Box, plastic covering or glass plate above Turnover Box (play insulation, prevent that miscellaneous bacteria from entering, and ensure the illumination of some strength); The fixed temperature heating rod is put into Turnover Box,, connect the heating rod power supply and heat during lower than 20 ℃ at nocturnal temperature.

(4) after planting maintenance management: Turnover Box is placed on sunny place in the greenhouse; Under the heating rod normal running conditions, in Turnover Box, water temperature is controlled between 23-28 ℃, and this temperature meets the optimum temperature of sporogenesis; Running water in Turnover Box will guarantee to change water once in the week, guarantees the cleaning of water quality.

2. a kind of fern seed propagation method according to claim 1, the composition that it is characterized in that sowing media is perlite: river sand: peat (1: 1: 1 volume ratio), through well-mixed matrix.

3. a kind of fern seed propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the matrix that mixes is put into the plastic flowerpot that bore is the 12cm bore, and press tight with hand as far as possible, putting into the plastic basin that fills water soaks, make moisture soak into basin soil, in basin, the matrix contact closely, is used with the circular plank of handle the suppression of the matrix in flowerpot is smooth; The spore (30mg) that weighs up weight evenly is sprinkling upon on plastic flowerpot matrix, can prevents the floating movement of spore after planting.