CN103003064A - 复合膜、用于制造复合膜和由至少一个复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法以及用于制造复合膜的设备 - Google Patents

复合膜、用于制造复合膜和由至少一个复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法以及用于制造复合膜的设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103003064A
CN103003064A CN2011800349021A CN201180034902A CN103003064A CN 103003064 A CN103003064 A CN 103003064A CN 2011800349021 A CN2011800349021 A CN 2011800349021A CN 201180034902 A CN201180034902 A CN 201180034902A CN 103003064 A CN103003064 A CN 103003064A
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China
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layer
composite membrane
involution
opening
run
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Granted
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CN2011800349021A
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CN103003064B (zh
Inventor
D·埃肯霍斯特
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Xingdeke Bagging System Co ltd
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/26—Perforating by non-mechanical means, e.g. by fluid jet
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种复合膜（10）、尤其是用于食物或食品行业中的包装（1）的复合膜，它包括至少一个由可封合的材料制成的封合层（12），所述封合层至少间接地与一个用作外层的第一层（11）连接，其中，所述封合层（12）具有比第一层（11）低的熔点。按照本发明，在封合层（12）的背对第一层（11）的侧上与封合层（12）作用连接地设置一个用作内层的第二层（13），该第二层（13）具有比封合层（12）高的熔点，该第二层（13）具有被封合层（12）覆盖的至少一个贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）。

Description

复合膜、用于制造复合膜和由至少一个复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法以及用于制造复合膜的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及根据独立权利要求的前序部分的一种复合膜、一种用于制造复合膜的方法和一种用于制造由至少一个复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法。本发明还涉及一种用于制造复合膜的设备。
背景技术
这样的复合膜尤其是由食品行业或食物行业已知并且在这里用于制造包装，这些包装分别包含确定数量的食品或食物。尤其是已知这样的复合膜用于制造所谓的软管袋包装。这样的软管袋包装通过以下方式制造，即复合膜的两个相对置的边缘区域或者但是两个分开的复合膜相对放置，其中在引入热量和压力的情况下这些边缘区域在复合膜的相对置地放置的封合层上相互焊接。复合膜在这里由多个相互连接的、具有不同熔点的层组成。在封合时这些具有最低熔点的膜层首先熔化。因此常见的是，在焊接复合膜时在包装内侧上布置作为封合层的具有最低熔点的层。由于经济上的考虑，在这里作为封合层尤其是使用聚乙烯（PE），封合层同时构成包装的内层。具有比PE高的熔点的其它塑料，例如聚酰胺（PA）或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）不用作封合层，因为这些聚合物具有过高的熔点，从而它们在包装区域中不能够经济地被焊接或者他们的焊缝强度不够。此外，在包装内侧使用这类塑料例如PA或PET在同时使用具有比这种塑料更低的熔点的塑料时是不可能的，因为具有较低熔点的层首先被熔化，而这不导致在包装内侧上的具有比较高的熔点的层熔化。
附加地提到，尤其是聚酰胺（PE）由于它的高的迁移能力而不适合用作最里面的、与填充物形成接触的包装层作为敏感的食品、例如矿泉水的包装。
发明内容
由所述的现有技术出发，本发明的任务在于，这样地扩展根据相应的独立权利要求的前序部分的复合膜、用于制造复合膜的方法以及用于制造由至少一个复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法，使得作为包装的内层可以使用相对于不同层不必强制性地具有最低熔点的材料。尤其是由此应当可能的是，代替聚乙烯（PE）使用替代的聚合物。该任务在复合膜中通过权利要求1的特征解决。用于制造这种复合膜的方法以及用于制造由至少一个按照本发明的复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法在相应的独立权利要求中给出。
在这里本发明基于以下构思：作为与填充物接触的内层使用一种具有相对于最先熔化的（封合）层较高的熔点的材料、尤其是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET），其中，该内层具有至少一个贯穿开口，所述贯穿开口被具有比内层小的熔点的封合层覆盖。在封合层或焊缝的区域中的密封连接尤其是也通过以下方式实现，即在封合层熔化时封合层的材料被挤压通过PET内层的贯穿开口并且与相对置的封合层形成作用连接。同时内层中的贯穿开口根据焊接参数和封合工具在封合钳口的压力作用下凸裂，从而在贯穿开口的区域中实现优选整面的、尤其是线状的连接区。
按照本发明的复合膜、用于制造复合膜的方法以及用于制造由至少一个复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法的有利的扩展构型在相应的从属权利要求中给出。由至少两个在权利要求、说明书和/或图中公开的特征组成的所有组合都落在本发明的范围中。
PET作为尤其是用于包装的内层的使用具有优点，即在敏感的食品、例如水时这种复合膜由于PET的非常小的迁移性适合用于包装这种敏感的食品。
特别优选的是，在封合层和第一层之间设有至少一个作为阻挡层的第三层。这种阻挡层可以例如阻止UV辐射进入到包装中并且由此增大食物或食品的保质期。
特别优选地，在第二层中构造多个贯穿开口，它们相对彼此以均匀的距离布置。通过该构型允许尤其是作为无穷的包装材料带存放和特别简单地处理按照本发明的复合膜。
尤其是为了形成密封的软管袋包装，其中尤其是液态或糊状的填充物的流出必须被可靠地阻止，此外在一种特别优选的本发明设计方案中，设置至少两列贯穿开口，在这些列之间构成一个没有贯穿开口的条状区，这两列贯穿开口这样地相对彼此定向，使得当在条状区的区域中翻折复合膜并且在形成折叠棱边的情况下使两个区段相对置时，两个相对置的第二层的贯穿开口相互重合地设置。
如果封合层由聚乙烯（PE）制成并且具有30微米至100微米、优选在50微米和90微米之间的层厚度并且第二层具有8微米至20微米、优选在12微米和18微米之间的厚度，那么实现在软管袋中在包装的特性方面令人满意的结果。
附图说明
本发明的其它优点、特征和细节由对优选实施例的以下说明书以及根据附图得出。其示出：
图1用于食品或食物的构造为软管袋包装的包装的立体视图；
图2图1的在平面II-II中的剖面；
图3在按照图1的包装中使用的具有不同层的复合膜在一个借助焊缝连接的边缘区域中的视图的立体视图；
图4按照图3的复合膜的在它的封合层以及内层的区域中的复合膜的部分的视图的立体视图；和
图5用于在PET内层上制造贯穿开口的装置的简化视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出一个尤其是可用在食品或食物行业中的包装1。该包装在这里尤其是用于包装液态、糊状或块状的填充物，例如牛奶、水、番茄酱或类似物。特别优选地使用复合膜来包装传感器可感测的食品，例如水。
包装1在该实施例中枕状地构成并且尤其是具有一个条状的上焊缝2和一个同样条状的下焊缝3。这样的包装1在实践中借助所谓的软管袋机制造，其中至少一个作为无穷包装材料带存放的复合膜节拍式地或连续地被拉出、折叠、填充和焊接。在这里这种软管袋机用一个唯一的包装材料带工作（在该包装材料带中两个在纵向上相对于优选方向间隔开的端部区域相对置地放置）或者但是用两个分开的包装材料带工作（这些包装材料带被带到重叠中）。在这两个情况中由此需要另外的在图1的视图中未示出的所谓的纵焊缝。
补充地提到，代替枕状的包装1显然也落在本发明范围中的是，设置或使用其它方式地成形的包装1，例如立式袋包装、金字塔状的包装等等的形式。重要的仅仅是，所有这种包装1具有焊缝2、3。
焊缝2和3的制造通过所谓的、由现有技术已知的具有封合钳口的封合工具实现，在这些封合钳口之间至少一个包装材料带的两个相对置的区段在热和压力的作用下相互焊接。
包装1在使用在图3中所示的、按照本发明的复合膜10的条件下制成，该复合膜表示上述的包装材料带。复合膜10具有至少三个不同的层11至13。作为包装1的最外面的层11（它表示第一层）在这里优选地、但是不强制地使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）。对此变换地例如也可想到使用聚酰胺（PA）。在第一（外）层11上连接一个第二层作为封合层12，该封合层尤其是由聚乙烯（PE）制成。外层11具有比封合层12高的熔点。在封合层12上又在与外层11相对置的侧上连接一个用作内层13的第二层13。内层13在这里尤其是同样由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）制成。在这里重要的是，封合层12具有比内层13低的熔点。
如果封合层12的层厚度在30微米和100微米之间、优选在50微米和90微米之间，其中，内层13具有8微米至20微米、优选在12微米和18微米之间的层厚度，则实现包装1的在实践中令人满意的结果。
尤其是也可以规定，在外层11和封合层13之间设置至少一个附加的阻挡层15，如其根据图3可见那样。作为阻挡层15的材料在这里考虑所有在复合膜中常用的阻挡层15。复合膜10也可以总共由多个相互连接的层组成。重要的仅仅是，与食品接触的内层13具有比与内层配合作用的封合层12高的熔点。
对本发明重要的是，内层13构造有至少一个穿孔或至少一个贯穿开口17。在图4中举例地示出三种不同形状的贯穿开口17。因此，贯穿开口17a被构造为圆的贯穿开口17a，而贯穿开口17b具有一个矩形的横截面。贯穿开口17c被构造为Z字图案。在使用贯穿开口17a和17b时，这些贯穿开口尤其是作为多个并排或前后设置的贯穿开口17a或17b布置或构成。
在借助按照本发明的复合膜10形成包装1时重要的是，根据图3（在这里示出这样的情况，其中使用一个唯一的复合膜10）该复合膜这样地在一个棱边18的区域中翻折，使得内层13的相对置的区段的贯穿开口17相对彼此齐平地布置。在贯穿开口17和棱边18之间构成一个区19，在该区中不构成贯穿开口17。
在图3中所示的实施例中仅示出一个具有两列齐平地布置的贯穿开口17的区域。显然也在本发明的范围中的是，平行于棱边18设置这样的多列贯穿开口17。
当在贯穿开口17的区域中形成焊缝2、3时，借助所提到的封合或焊接工具将热量和压力带到焊缝2或3的区域中。在这里封合层12根据图2的视图这样地熔化，使得封合层12的材料穿过贯穿开口17到达并且尤其是与封合层12的材料在相对置的侧上结合并且在这里形成固定的连接。
另外根据封合工具的焊接参数和构成进行贯穿开口17的凸裂或扩宽，使得优选构成一个条状的连接区，在该连接区中两个封合层12形成全表面的、密封的连接，从而在需要时可以消除用于形成棱边18的复合膜10的翻折。
在图5中非常简化地示出用于在内层13中制造贯穿开口17的装置20，该装置是用于制造复合膜10的（未示出的）设备的部件。在这里，内层13根据箭头21节拍式地或连续地在装置20下方沿着输送，其中，该装置20在内层13中构成贯穿开口17。作为装置20在这里尤其是考虑激光束装置、冲孔装置或一个具有至少一个刀的装置20。这样构成的内层13接下来以本身已知的类型和方式借助该装置与外层11、封合层12以及在需要时与阻挡层15连接，其中，封合层12覆盖贯穿开口17的至少一个区域。也可想到其它的装置20。因此可以例如借助激光器装置在一个已经制成的复合膜10中随后构成贯穿开口17并且在这里在需要时在复合膜上构成另外的削弱部，例如用于简化浇注开口的安装或者用于它的简单搬运。

Claims (12)

1.复合膜（10）、尤其是用于食物或食品行业中的包装（1）的复合膜，它包括至少一个由可封合的材料制成的封合层（12），所述封合层至少间接地与一个用作外层的第一层（11）连接，其中，所述封合层（12）具有比第一层（11）低的熔点，其特征在于，在封合层（12）的背对第一层（11）的侧上与封合层（12）作用连接地设置一个用作内层的第二层（13），该第二层（13）具有比封合层（12）高的熔点，该第二层（13）具有被封合层（12）覆盖的至少一个贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）。
2.根据权利要求1的复合膜，其特征在于，该第二层（13）由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2的复合膜，其特征在于，在该封合层（12）和第一层（11）之间设有至少一个用作阻挡层的第三层（15）。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一的复合膜，其特征在于，在该第二层（13）中构成多个贯穿开口（17；17a至17c），这些贯穿开口相对彼此间隔均匀距离地设置。
5.根据权利要求4的复合膜，其特征在于，设有至少两列贯穿开口（17；17a至17c），在这些列之间构成一个没有贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）的条状区（19），这两列贯穿开口(17；17a至17c）这样地相对彼此定向，使得当在条状区（19）的区域中翻折复合膜（10）并且在形成折叠棱边（18）的情况下使两个区段相对置时，两个相对置的第二层（13）的贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）相互重合地设置。
6.根据权利要求1至5之一的复合膜，其特征在于，该封合层（12）由聚乙烯（PE）制成并且具有30微米至100微米、优选在50微米和90微米之间的层厚度，并且，所述第二层（13）具有8微米至20微米、优选在12微米和18微米之间的厚度。
7.用于制造复合膜（10）的方法，在该复合膜中一个用作外层的第一层（11）、一个封合层（12）和一个用作内层的第二层（13）相互面状地连接，
其特征在于，在与封合层（12）连接之前在该第二层（13）中构造至少一个贯穿开口（17；17a至17c），和至少在贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）的区域中设置封合层（12），使得该封合层覆盖所述至少一个贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）。
8.用于在使用根据权利要求1至6之一的复合膜（10）的情况下制造由至少一个复合膜（10）制成的膜复合部件（1）、尤其是包装的方法，其中，使所述至少一个复合膜（10）的两个区段相对置并且通过引入热量和压力激活至少一个封合层（12），使得所述两个区段的封合层（12）形成作用连接并且这两个相对置的区段相互连接，
其特征在于，将热量或压力引入到所述至少一个复合膜（10）中至少引起封合层（12）的材料挤入到用作内层的第二层（13）的相互重合地定向的贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）的区域中，使得封合层（12）的材料形成作用连接。
9.根据权利要求8的方法，其特征在于，内层（13）的这些贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）在封合时在热量和压力的作用下在它们的膨胀尺寸方面扩宽或凸裂并且在这里尤其是构成整面的、密封的连接。
10.根据权利要求8或9的方法，其特征在于，在使用一个唯一的复合膜（10）时使该复合膜在第二层（13）中的没有贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）的条状区（19）的区域中在形成折叠棱边（18）的情况下折叠并且相对置，使得这些贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）相对彼此齐平地设置。
11.用于制造根据权利要求1至6之一的复合膜（10）的设备，
其特征在于，设有一个用于在一个尤其是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）制成的第二层（13）中制造至少一个、优选多个相对彼此间隔均匀距离地设置的贯穿开口（17；17a至17c）的装置（20）。
12.根据权利要求11的设备，其特征在于，该装置（20）构造为激光器装置、冲孔装置或包括至少一个刀。
CN201180034902.1A 2010-07-15 2011-06-01 复合膜、用于制造复合膜和由至少一个复合膜制成的膜复合部件的方法以及用于制造复合膜的设备 Active CN103003064B (zh)

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