CN103000497B - 形成刻蚀掩膜的方法 - Google Patents

形成刻蚀掩膜的方法 Download PDF

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CN103000497B
CN103000497B CN201110340010.6A CN201110340010A CN103000497B CN 103000497 B CN103000497 B CN 103000497B CN 201110340010 A CN201110340010 A CN 201110340010A CN 103000497 B CN103000497 B CN 103000497B
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黄则尧
陈逸男
刘献文
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Nanya Technology Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/09Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
    • G03F7/095Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having more than one photosensitive layer
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    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
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    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
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    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/26Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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    • H01L21/31Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
    • H01L21/3205Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
    • H01L21/321After treatment
    • H01L21/3213Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其包含:提供一基材,其上具有一待刻蚀的材料层;于所述材料层上形成一硬掩膜层,所述硬掩膜层包含有一对辐射敏感的单层阻材;将所述硬掩膜层暴照在一光化能下,以改变所述硬掩膜层受暴区域的溶剂可溶性;以及对所述硬掩膜层进行一水洗处理以去除所述硬掩膜层的受暴区域,藉以形成一由所述硬掩膜层的未受暴区域构成的掩膜图形。

Description

形成刻蚀掩膜的方法
技术领域
本发明与集成电路的制作方法有关。更特定言的,本发明关于一种在半导体集成电路的制作期间使用单层阻材来形成刻蚀掩膜的方法。
背景技术
在半导体晶圆的工艺期间,半导体组件的特征是以图形化的刻蚀掩膜来加以定义。现今半导体集成电路装置的制作流程中广泛地使用多层阻材来作为上述的刻蚀掩膜。一个多层阻材一般会含有一图形化的阻质层(如光阻)、一中间层(如硅质层及/或一氮氧化硅层)、以及一底阻质层(如非晶硅碳薄膜)。
前述的光阻会根据光学掩膜或光罩上的所欲图形来定义其光学图形,然后再加以显影来移除未受暴照的光阻(在正微影作法中)或受暴照的光阻(在负微影作法中)。而后所述图形化的光阻会在进一步的刻蚀步骤中作为掩膜的用,以刻蚀裸露出的中间层或底部的阻质层,将图形从所述图形化光阻转移到下层的所述中间层或底阻质层上。其后,所述图形化光阻会被移除。然后再进行一非等向性的干式刻蚀工艺来刻蚀那些未为所述图形化的底阻质层所覆盖的材料层,藉以形成电路特征。
然而,上述先前技术的缺点在于线路特征的线宽(critical dimension,CD)控制不易,其于光学微影工艺与/或干式刻蚀工艺期间可能会引起工艺变异与线宽差异。因此,目前业界对于如何提供一种无前述缺点的集成电路制作改良方法仍有强烈的需求。
尽管本发明的动机在于解决前述问题,然其绝未限定于此。本发明仅会由其随附的权利要求项来作字面上的界定,并符合均等性原理,其并未与说明书有任何释义性或其它限定性上的关连。
发明内容
本发明的目的的一即在于提出一种在半导体集成电路的制作期间使用单层阻材来形成刻蚀掩膜的改良方法,以解决前述先前技术的问题。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种制作集成电路的改良方法,其能够解决光学微影工艺及/或干式刻蚀工艺期间引起的工艺变异或线宽差异等问题。
根据本发明一实施例,其揭露了一种形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,包含:提供一基材,其上具有一待刻蚀的材料层;于所述材料层上形成一硬掩膜层,所述硬掩膜层包含有一对辐射敏感的单层阻材;将所述硬掩膜层暴照在一光化能下,以改变所述硬掩膜层受暴区域的溶剂可溶性;以及对所述硬掩膜层进行一水洗处理以去除所述硬掩膜层的受暴区域,藉以形成一由所述硬掩膜层的未受暴区域构成的掩膜图形。
无疑地,本发明的这类目的与其它目的在阅者读过下文以多种图示与绘图来描述的具体实施方式细节说明后将变得更为显见。
附图说明
本说明书含有附图并于文中构成了本说明书的一部分,使阅者对本发明实施例有进一步的了解。所述些图示描绘了本发明一些实施例并连同本文描述一起说明了其原理。在所述些图示中:
图1至图4为截面示意图,其描绘出根据本发明一实施例不使用光阻来形成刻蚀掩膜的方法范例。
图5至图8为截面示意图,其描绘出根据本发明另一实施例涉及光阻的使用的形成刻蚀掩膜的方法范例。
须注意本说明书中的所有图示皆为图例性质。为了清楚与方便图标说明的故,图标中的各部件在尺寸与比例上可能会被夸大或缩小地呈现。图中相同的参考符号一般而言会用来标示修改后或不同实施例中对应或类似的特征。
其中,附图标记说明如下:
10 基材
12 材料层
14  硬掩膜层
14a 未受暴区域
14b 受暴区域
20  光罩(掩膜)
114 开口
120 光化能
140 掩膜图形
210 图形化光阻(层)
具体实施方式
在下文的细节描述中,组件符号会被用来标示在随附的图示中成为其中的一部份,并且以可实行所述实施例的特例描述方式来表示。这类实施例会说明足够的细节俾使所述领域的一般技艺人士得以具以实施。须了解到本发明中亦可实行其它的实施例,或是在不悖离文中所述实施例的前提下作出任何结构性、逻辑性、及电性上的改变。因此,下文的细节描述将不欲被视为是一种限定,反的,其中所包含的实施例将由随附的权利要求项来加以界定。
现在请参照图1至图4,其描绘出根据本发明实施例形成刻蚀掩膜的方法范例的截面示意图。如图1所示,方法中提供了一基材10,其上具有所欲刻蚀的材料层12。所述基材10可为一半导体基材,其包含但未限定为一硅基材、一绝缘层上覆硅基材(silicon-on-insulator,SOI)、或任何含有半导体材质的基材。在另一实施例中,基材10指的可以是任何的支承结构,其包含但未限定为上述的半导体基材。材料层12可为基材10本身的一部分,在某些例子中,其亦可能沈积在基材10的主表面上。举例言的,材料层12可为一多晶硅层,而基材10可为一硅基材。
复参照图1,材料层12上会形成有一硬掩膜层14,其中含有对辐射敏感的单层阻材。根据本发明实施例,所述硬掩膜层14可受处理来改变其在某些溶剂中(如纯水或去离子水等)的溶解度。根据本发明实施例,硬掩膜层14可能包含具有至少一官能基的化学物质,所述些官能基系从羟基与羧基中选出的。举例来说,硬掩膜层14可包含具有一或多个羟基、羧基、或含有所述羟基与羧基的有机质的醇类。
如图2所示,其进行了一暴光工艺。上述的硬掩膜层14有部分会经由掩膜或光罩20中的开口而暴照在光化能120下,从而改变了受暴区域14b在溶剂中的溶解度。就此点而言,根据本发明实施例,未受暴区域14a实质上并不会溶于水。前述的光化能120可包含但未限定于电子束或激光,其能够在所述硬掩膜层14的受暴区域14b中产生光化学反应,以使所述些区域可溶于水。
如图3所示,在图2的暴光工艺后,受暴区域14b会被移除以裸露出所欲刻蚀的材料层12部分。根据本发明实施例,经过光化能(如电子束或激光)处理的硬掩膜层14会再受到一水洗处理。由于受暴区域14b可溶于水,故其可透过将晶圆浸入水中及旋干等方式轻易地去除,因而在未受暴区域14a间形成开口114。去除受暴区域14b后,要刻蚀的材料层12上会形成一层由未受暴区域14a构成的掩膜图形140。举例来说,掩膜图形140可能为重复均等的线/间隔图形,其线宽L1介于约10nm至数百nm间,而间隔宽度S1亦介于约10nm至数百nm间。上述线宽L1(或间隔宽度S1)可等于或小于暴光机台的分辨率极限。
如图4所示,在图3的水洗处理后会进行一干式刻蚀工艺,其经由开口114刻蚀裸露的材料层12部位,因而形成重复均等的线/间隔等图形特征12a,其线宽L2可介于约10nm至数百nm间,而间隔宽度S2亦介于约10nm至数百nm间。同样地,所述线宽L2(或间隔宽度S2)可能等于或小于暴光机台的分辨率极限。上述每一特征12a的深宽比可为L2/H。
现在请参照图5至图8,其描绘出根据本发明实施例形成刻蚀掩膜的方法范例的截面示意图。如图5所示,方法中提供了一基材10,其上具有所欲刻蚀的材料层12。基材10可为一半导体基材,其包含但未限定为一硅基材、一绝缘层上覆硅基材(SOI)、或任何含有半导体材质的基材。在另一实施例中,基材10指的可以是任何的支承结构,其包含但未限定为上述的半导体基材。材料层12可为基材10本身的一部分,而在某些例子中,其亦可能沈积在基材10的主表面上。举例言的,材料层12可为一多晶硅层,而基材10可为一硅基材。材料层12上会形成有一硬掩膜层14,其中含有对辐射敏感的单层阻材。根据本发明实施例,硬掩膜层14可受处理来改变其在某些溶剂中(如纯水或去离子水等)的溶解度。根据本发明实施例,硬掩膜层14可能包含具有至少一官能基的化学物质,所述些官能基系从羟基与羧基中选出的。举例来说,硬掩膜层14可包含具有一或多个羟基、羧基、或含有所述羟基与羧基的有机质的醇类。
如图6所示,而后硬掩膜层14上会形成一层图形化光阻210。形成图形化光阻210的方法为领域中已习知者,因而文中将省略其细节步骤。接着,方法中会进行一暴光工艺。未为图形化光阻层210遮盖的硬掩膜层14部分会经由图形化光阻层210中的开口暴照在光化能下,因而改变了受暴区域14b在溶剂中的溶解度。就此点而言,根据本发明实施例,未受暴区域14a实质上并不溶于水中。前述的光化能120可包含但未限定于电子束或激光,其能够使硬掩膜层14的受暴区域14b中产生光化学反应,以使所述些区域可溶于水。其后,所述图形化光阻层210会使用领域中习知的方法(如灰化)来去除。
如图7所示,在暴光工艺后,上述受暴区域14b会被去除以裸露出所欲刻蚀的材料层12部分。根据本发明实施例,经过光化能(如电子束或激光)处理的硬掩膜层14会再受到一水洗处理。由于受暴区域14b可溶于水,故其可透过将晶圆浸入水中及旋干等方式轻易地去除,因而在未受暴区域14a间形成开口114。去除受暴区域14b后,要刻蚀的材料层12上会形成一层由所述未受暴区域14a构成的掩膜图形140。举例言的,掩膜图形140可能为重复均等的线/间隔图形,其线宽L1介于约10nm至数百nm间,而间隔宽度S1亦介于约10nm至数百nm间。上述线宽L1(或间隔宽度S1)可等于或小于暴光机台的分辨率极限。
如图8所示,在图7的水洗处理后会进行一干式刻蚀工艺,其经由开口114刻蚀裸露的材料层12部位,因而形成重复均等的线/间隔等图形特征12a,其线宽L2可介于约10nm至数百nm间,而间隔宽度S2亦介于约10nm至数百nm间。同样地,所述线宽L2(或间隔宽度S2)可能等于或小于暴光机台的分辨率极限。
本领域的技艺人士将可轻易了解到在维持本发明教示的前提下,本发明的组件与方法可加以修改或变形成多种态样。以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,凡依本发明权利要求所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其特征在于,包含有:
提供一基材,其上具有一待刻蚀的材料层;
于所述材料层上形成一硬掩膜层,所述硬掩膜层包含有一对辐射敏感的单层阻材;
将所述硬掩膜层暴照在一光化能下,以改变所述硬掩膜层受暴区域的溶剂可溶性,使得所述硬掩膜受暴区域可溶于水;以及
对所述硬掩膜层进行一水洗处理,以去除所述硬掩膜层的受暴区域,藉以形成一由所述硬掩膜层的未受暴区域构成的掩膜图形。
2.如权利要求1所述的形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其特征在于,所述硬掩膜层包含有一化学成分,其具有至少一官能基,选自以下的群组:羟基及羧基。
3.如权利要求1所述的形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其特征在于,在将所述硬掩膜层暴照在光化能下的前,另包含有:
于所述硬掩膜层上形成一图形化光阻层。
4.如权利要求3所述的形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其特征在于,在将所述硬掩膜层暴照在光化能下后,另包含有:
去除所述图形化光阻层。
5.如权利要求1所述的形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其特征在于,所述光化能包含电子束或激光。
6.如权利要求1所述的形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其特征在于,所述材料层系为所述基材本身的一部份。
7.如权利要求1所述的形成刻蚀掩膜的方法,其特征在于,所述材料层 沉积于所述基材的一主表面上。
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