TW201312647A - 形成蝕刻遮罩之方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明揭露了一種形成蝕刻遮罩之方法,其包含:提供一基材,其上具有一待蝕刻之材料層;於該材料層上形成一硬遮罩層,該硬遮罩層包含有一對輻射敏感之單層阻材;將該硬遮罩層曝照在一光化能下,以改變該硬遮罩層受曝區域的溶劑可溶性;以及對該硬遮罩層進行一水洗處理以去除該硬遮罩層之受曝區域,藉以形成一由該硬遮罩層之未受曝區域構成的遮罩圖形。
Description
本發明與積體電路之製作方法有關。更特定言之,本發明係關於一種在半導體積體電路的製作期間使用單層阻材來形成蝕刻遮罩之方法。
在半導體晶圓的製程期間,半導體元件的特徵是以圖形化的蝕刻遮罩來加以定義。現今半導體積體電路裝置的製作流程中係廣泛地使用多層阻材來作為上述的蝕刻遮罩。一個多層阻材一般會含有一圖形化的阻質層(如光阻)、一中間層(如矽質層及/或一氮氧化矽層)、以及一底阻質層(如非晶矽碳薄膜)。
前述的光阻係根據光學遮罩或光罩上的所欲圖形來定義其光學圖形,之後再加以顯影來移除未受曝照的光阻(在正微影作法中)或受曝照的光阻(在負微影作法中)。該圖形化的光阻之後會在進一步的蝕刻步驟中作為遮罩之用,以蝕刻裸露出的中間層或底部的阻質層,將圖形從該圖形化光阻轉移到下層的該中間層或底阻質層上。其後,該圖形化光阻會被移除。之後再進行一非等向性的乾蝕刻製程來蝕刻那些未為該圖形化的底阻質層所覆蓋的材料層,藉以形成電路特徵。
然而,上述先前技術的缺點在於線路特徵的線寬(critical dimension,CD)控制不易,其於光學微影製程與/或乾蝕刻製程期間可能會引起製程變異與線寬差異。因此,目前業界對於如何提供一種無前述缺點的積體電路製作改良方法仍有強烈的需求。
儘管本發明的動機在於解決前述問題,然其絕未限定於此。本發明僅會由其隨附的申請專利範圍來作字面上的界定,並符合均等性原理,其並未與說明書有任何釋義性或其他限定性上的關連。
本發明的目的之一即在於提出一種在半導體積體電路的製作期間使用單層阻材來形成蝕刻遮罩之改良方法,以解決前述先前技術之問題。
本發明的另一目的在於提出一種製作積體電路的改良方法,其能夠解決光學微影製程及/或乾蝕刻製程期間引起的製程變異或線寬差異等問題。
根據本發明一實施例,其揭露了一種形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,包含:提供一基材,其上具有一待蝕刻之材料層;於該材料層上形成一硬遮罩層,該硬遮罩層包含有一對輻射敏感之單層阻材;將該硬遮罩層曝照在一光化能下,以改變該硬遮罩層受曝區域的溶劑可溶性;以及對該硬遮罩層進行一水洗處理以去除該硬遮罩層之受曝區域,藉以形成一由該硬遮罩層之未受曝區域構成的遮罩圖形。
無疑地,本發明的這類目的與其他目的在閱者讀過下文以多種圖示與繪圖來描述的較佳實施例細節說明後將變得更為顯見。
在下文的細節描述中,元件符號會被用來標示在隨附的圖示中成為其中的一部份,並且以可實行該實施例之特例描述方式來表示。這類實施例會說明足夠的細節俾使該領域之一般技藝人士得以具以實施。閱者須瞭解到本發明中亦可採行其他的實施例,或是在不悖離文中所述實施例的前提下作出任何結構性、邏輯性、及電性上的改變。因此,下文之細節描述將不欲被視為是一種限定,反之,其中所包含的實施例將由隨附的申請專利範圍來加以界定。
現在請參照第1至4圖,其描繪出根據本發明實施例形成蝕刻遮罩之方法範例的截面示意圖。如第1圖所示,方法中提供了一基材10,其上具有所欲蝕刻的材料層12。該基材10可為一半導體基材,其包含但未限定為一矽基材、一絕緣層上覆矽基材(silicon-on-insulator,SOI)、或任何含有半導體材質之基材。在另一實施例中,基材10指的可以是任何的支承結構,其包含但未限定為上述之半導體基材。材料層12可為基材10本身的一部分,在某些例子中,其亦可能沈積在基材10的主表面上。舉例言之,材料層12可為一多晶矽層,而基材10可為一矽基材。
復參照第1圖,材料層12上會形成有一硬遮罩層14,其中含有對輻射敏感的單層阻材。根據本發明實施例,該硬遮罩層14可受處理來改變其在某些溶劑中(如純水或去離子水等)的溶解度。根據本發明實施例,硬遮罩層14可能包含具有至少一官能基之化學物質,該些官能基係從羥基與羧基中選出的。舉例來說,硬遮罩層14可包含具有一或多個羥基、羧基、或含有該羥基與羧基之有機質的醇類。
如第2圖所示,其進行了一曝光製程。上述的硬遮罩層14有部分會經由遮罩或光罩20中的開口而曝照在光化能120下,從而改變了受曝區域14b在溶劑中的溶解度。就此點而言,根據本發明實施例,未受曝區域14a實質上並不會溶於水。前述的光化能120可包含但未限定於電子束或雷射,其能夠在該硬遮罩層14的受曝區域14b中產生光化學反應,以使該些區域可溶於水。
如第3圖所示,在第2圖的曝光製程後,受曝區域14b會被移除以裸露出所欲蝕刻的材料層12部分。根據本發明實施例,經過光化能(如電子束或雷射)處理的硬遮罩層14會再受到一水洗處理。由於受曝區域14b可溶於水,故其可透過將晶圓浸入水中及旋乾等方式輕易地去除,因而在未受曝區域14a之間形成開口114。去除受曝區域14b後,要蝕刻的材料層12上會形成一層由未受曝區域14a構成的遮罩圖形140。舉例來說,遮罩圖形140可能為重複均等的線/間隔圖形,其線寬L1介於約10 nm至數百nm之間,而間隔寬度S1亦介於約10 nm至數百nm之間。上述線寬L1(或間隔寬度S1)可等於或小於曝光機台的解析度極限。
如第4圖所示,在第3圖的水洗處理後會進行一乾蝕刻製程,其經由開口114蝕刻裸露的材料層12部位,因而形成重複均等的線/間隔等圖形特徵12a,其線寬L2可介於約10 nm至數百nm之間,而間隔寬度S2亦介於約10 nm至數百nm之間。同樣地,該線寬L2(或間隔寬度S2)可能等於或小於曝光機台的解析度極限。上述每一特徵12a的深寬比可為L2/H。
現在請參照第5至8圖,其描繪出根據本發明實施例形成蝕刻遮罩之方法範例的截面示意圖。如第5圖所示,方法中提供了一基材10,其上具有所欲蝕刻的材料層12。基材10可為一半導體基材,其包含但未限定為一矽基材、一絕緣層上覆矽基材(SOI)、或任何含有半導體材質之基材。在另一實施例中,基材10指的可以是任何的支承結構,其包含但未限定為上述之半導體基材。材料層12可為基材10本身的一部分,而在某些例子中,其亦可能沈積在基材10的主表面上。舉例言之,材料層12可為一多晶矽層,而基材10可為一矽基材。材料層12上會形成有一硬遮罩層14,其中含有對輻射敏感的單層阻材。根據本發明實施例,硬遮罩層14可受處理來改變其在某些溶劑中(如純水或去離子水等)的溶解度。根據本發明實施例,硬遮罩層14可能包含具有至少一官能基之化學物質,該些官能基係從羥基與羧基中選出的。舉例來說,硬遮罩層14可包含具有一或多個羥基、羧基、或含有該羥基與羧基之有機質的醇類。
如第6圖所示,之後硬遮罩層14上會形成一層圖形化光阻210。形成圖形化光阻210的方法為領域中已習知者,因而文中將省略其細節步驟。接著,方法中會進行一曝光製程。未為圖形化光阻層210遮蓋的硬遮罩層14部分會經由圖形化光阻層210中的開口曝照在光化能下,因而改變了受曝區域14b在溶劑中的溶解度。就此點而言,根據本發明實施例,未受曝區域14a實質上並不溶於水中。前述的光化能120可包含但未限定於電子束或雷射,其能夠使硬遮罩層14的受曝區域14b中產生光化學反應,以使該些區域可溶於水。其後,該圖形化光阻層210會使用領域中習知的方法(如灰化)來去除。
如第7圖所示,在曝光製程後,上述受曝區域14b會被去除以裸露出所欲蝕刻的材料層12部分。根據本發明實施例,經過光化能(如電子束或雷射)處理的硬遮罩層14會再受到一水洗處理。由於受曝區域14b可溶於水,故其可透過將晶圓浸入水中及旋乾等方式輕易地去除,因而在未受曝區域14a之間形成開口114。去除受曝區域14b後,要蝕刻的材料層12上會形成一層由該未受曝區域14a構成的遮罩圖形140。舉例言之,遮罩圖形140可能為重複均等的線/間隔圖形,其線寬L1介於約10 nm至數百nm之間,而間隔寬度S1亦介於約10 nm至數百nm之間。上述線寬L1(或間隔寬度S1)可等於或小於曝光機台的解析度極限。
如第8圖所示,在第7圖的水洗處理後會進行一乾蝕刻製程,其經由開口114蝕刻裸露的材料層12部位,因而形成重複均等的線/間隔等圖形特徵12a,其線寬L2可介於約10 nm至數百nm之間,而間隔寬度S2亦介於約10 nm至數百nm之間。同樣地,該線寬L2(或間隔寬度S2)可能等於或小於曝光機台的解析度極限。
本領域之技藝人士將可輕易瞭解到在維持本發明教示之前提下,本發明之元件與方法可加以修改或變形成多種態樣。以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。
10...基材
12...材料層
14...硬遮罩層
14a...未受曝區域
14b...受曝區域
20...光罩(遮罩)
114...開口
120...光化能
140...遮罩圖形
210...圖形化光阻(層)
本說明書含有附圖併於文中構成了本說明書之一部分,俾使閱者對本發明實施例有進一步的瞭解。該些圖示係描繪了本發明一些實施例並連同本文描述一起說明了其原理。在該些圖示中:
第1至4圖為截面示意圖,其描繪出根據本發明一實施例不使用光阻來形成蝕刻遮罩之方法範例。
第5至8圖為截面示意圖,其描繪出根據本發明另一實施例涉及光阻之使用的形成蝕刻遮罩之方法範例。
須注意本說明書中的所有圖示皆為圖例性質。為了清楚與方便圖示說明之故,圖示中的各部件在尺寸與比例上可能會被誇大或縮小地呈現。圖中相同的參考符號一般而言會用來標示修改後或不同實施例中對應或類似的特徵。
10...基材
12...材料層
14...硬遮罩層
14a...未受曝區域
14b...受曝區域
20...光罩(遮罩)
120...光化能
Claims (9)
- 一種形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,包含有:提供一基材,其上具有一待蝕刻之材料層;於該材料層上形成一硬遮罩層,該硬遮罩層包含有一對輻射敏感之單層阻材;將該硬遮罩層曝照在一光化能下,以改變該硬遮罩層受曝區域的溶劑可溶性;以及對該硬遮罩層進行一水洗處理,以去除該硬遮罩層之受曝區域,藉以形成一由該硬遮罩層之未受曝區域構成的遮罩圖形。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中該硬遮罩層包含有一化學成分,其具有至少一官能基,選自以下之群組:羥基及羧基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中在將該硬遮罩層曝照在光化能下之前,另包含有:於該硬遮罩層上形成一圖形化光阻層。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中在將該硬遮罩層曝照在光化能下之後,另包含有:去除該圖形化光阻層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中該光化能係包含電子束或雷射。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中該材料層係為該基材本身的一部份。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中該材料層係沈積於該基材的一主表面上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中該硬遮罩層的受曝區域係可溶於水。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之形成蝕刻遮罩的方法,其中該水係為純水。
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