CN102884933B - Method for optimizing root environments and application thereof in production of greenhouse vegetables - Google Patents
Method for optimizing root environments and application thereof in production of greenhouse vegetables Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102884933B CN102884933B CN201210425230.3A CN201210425230A CN102884933B CN 102884933 B CN102884933 B CN 102884933B CN 201210425230 A CN201210425230 A CN 201210425230A CN 102884933 B CN102884933 B CN 102884933B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- furrow
- field planting
- facility
- vermiculite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for optimizing root environments and an application thereof in production of greenhouse vegetables. According to the method, roseite selected as an additive is mixed with greenhouse vegetable field surface soil according to a volume ratio of 1:1, and then vegetable seedlings are planted. Through the method for optimizing root environments disclosed by the invention, the air permeability of soil can be improved by 2-4 times, the water-holding capacity can be improved by 1-1.5 times, and the heat retaining property is averagely improved by about 10%; the plants have the characteristics of fast seedling, tidy and consistent growth, good growth and good root development, and the yield of the plants can be improved by 15.4-26.7%. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of wide source of the used roseite, simplicity in operation, easiness in mastery, convenience in promotion and good implementation effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of optimizing rhizospheric environment, and facilities vegetable produce in application, belong to field of agricultural production technologies.
Background technology
Soil is the most important material base of vegetables good quality and high output, and facilities vegetable is produced and realized the high-quality and efficient requirement to soil is should be through height slaking, and structure will be loosened, and acid-base value is suitable, and steady warm nature can be good, and nutrient content is high.But, due to the closure of facility, and varieties of plant is more single, continuous cropping is many, soil cropping index is high, the reason such as soil compaction or rich water quality management be improper in addition, often cause the facility soil salinization, continuous cropping obstacle, the sticky degradation phenomena such as heavily harden, make the environmental deterioration of facility rhizosphere soil, have a strong impact on plant root growth, thereby cause the decline of vegetable yields and quality, now become ubiquitous problem in domestic and international facility cultivation.Improve facility soil quality, find the rhizospheric environment optimized technology that is easy to grasp, is convenient to popularization, there is important practice significance for realizing large-scale high-quality and efficient facilities vegetable production.
Common amendement, mainly concentrates on the improvement of field soil at present, as used fertilization compositions based on earth measurement, controls the consumption of chemical fertilizer, applying organic manure, microelement-supplementing; Use soil conditioner; The measures such as crop rotation.But because different plot, Different Crop require difference often to cause fertilization compositions based on earth measurement program loaded down with trivial details to fertilising, technical merit requires high, is unfavorable for promoting; Differ greatly and use between the higher and improved effect different soils of soil conditioner cost; Though crop rotation cost is low, only good to the remission effect of continuous cropping obstacle, be subject to the impact of cultivation custom and benefit to be difficult to generally apply aborning.And due to facility soil with respect to its degree of salinity of normal soil, sticky heavily harden, the problem such as acidifying is especially outstanding, therefore, the amendement that solves facility soil degradation problem comprehensively and be suitable for large scale application need further research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is provides a kind of method of optimizing rhizospheric environment for the problems referred to above, described method of the present invention is simple to operate, be easy to grasp and promote, and can, by optimizing plant rhizosphere environmental condition, promote root growth and development, thereby improve the yield and quality, effect is good.Be applicable to carry out the improvement of facility salination, acidifying, continuous cropping obstacle soil and field planting and the cultivation of facility fruit vegetables and leaf vegetables.
The present invention also aims to provide the application of a kind of method of optimizing rhizospheric environment in facilities vegetable is produced.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Optimize a method for rhizospheric environment, selecting particle diameter is 1.0 ~ 3.0mm vermiculite as the interpolation material of optimizing rhizospheric environment, carries out 1:1(volume ratio with facility topsoil soils) puddle after, field planting facilities vegetable seedling, carries out Installation Vegetable Cultivation.
The application of the method for optimizing rhizospheric environment in facilities vegetable is produced, is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
1. soil and the sterilization of canopy chamber
Before vegetable seedling field planting, by facility (canopy etc. in greenhouse by solar heat, plastic tunnel, plastics) and disinfecting soil: evenly spread fertilizer over the fields calcium cyanamide, every 667 m
2liming nitrogen 40～60 kg, then carry out 1 time to soil and plough deeply, and calcium cyanamide particle is fully contacted with soil, then cover vexed soil with transparent membrane, allow it give full play to effect, and seal 2 week of canopy; Or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, every square metre of soil is executed 1.5g; Or be sprinkled into sulphur by the dosage of every square metre of 25 ~ 30 g, and plough and carry out disinfection.
2. use sufficient base fertilizer
In facility soil, use sufficient base fertilizer, as cultivation fruit vegetables, can every 667 m
2soil applies 3 ~ 5 m
3chicken dung (or cow dung) and diammonium phosphate 60 ~ 100 kg are as base fertilizer; As cultivate leaf vegetables, every 667 m
2soil applies 2 ~ 3 m
3chicken dung (or cow dung) and diammonium phosphate 20 ~ 30 kg are as base fertilizer.
3. do furrow wholely
(1) fruit vegetables is first ploughed deeply soil 40 cm, then does furrow.Furrow face width 0.6 ~ 0.7 m, every furrow field planting two row, furrow spacing 0.6 ~ 0.8 m.
(2) leaf vegetables must first be ploughed deeply soil 25 cm after applying base fertilizer, makes flat furrow, and l.0 furrow wide～1.5 m, also can use high bedding cultivation, wide 1.0 ~ 1.2 m of furrow.
4. add vermiculite to mix
The soil mixing with vermiculite is the topsoil soils of 0.1-0.2 m thickness, by the volume ratio of 1:1, vermiculite is poured on furrow face, vermiculite and soil is fully mixed with Cultivator or spade, and ploughing depth is 0.20 ~ 0.40 m, the furrow face of raking after mixing.
5. vegetable seedling field planting
Select fine day afternoon or cloudy weather to carry out the field planting of vegetable seedling.Fruit vegetables spacing in the rows 30～40 cm, line-spacing 0.35-0.40 m, leaf vegetables spacing in the rows 20～25 cm, line-spacing 0.20 m.When field planting, first dig cave by distance between rows and hills, the seedling band Tu Tuo cultivating is placed in kind of plant hole, with ground, or slightly dark 1～2 cm's field planting degree of depth equal with cotyledon is advisable, in cave, cover 10 cm thick above-mentioned vermiculite and soil mixture, after field planting, water permeable, to promote vegetables to delay seedling.After this, can carry out conventional facilities vegetable daily management.
The good effect that the present invention obtains is:
The method of optimization rhizospheric environment of the present invention, vermiculite and intensive vegetable filed topsoil soils are puddled, its objective is the granular structure of utilizing the outstanding physicochemical property of vermiculite to improve facility soil, the generation of the degenerate problems such as effective releasing facilities soil salinization, continuous cropping obstacle, acidifying, thereby optimize rhizosphere soil environment, promote growing of root system, improve the yield and quality of facilities vegetable.Adopt this method to carry out the field planting of facilities vegetable seedling, the gas permeability of soil can improve 2 ~ 4 times, retention ability can improve 1 ~ 1.5 times, and heat insulating ability on average improves 10% left and right, and the ability of buffering soda acid is significantly increased.Plant shows as that slow seedling is fast, growth neat and consistent, growing way is good, root system development is good, and output can improve 15.4% ~ 26.7%.Simultaneously this method vermiculite wide material sources used, and simple to operate, be easy to grasp, be convenient to promote, implementation result is good.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below by embodiment, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
The effect that the method that embodiment 1 optimizes rhizospheric environment improves greenhouse tomato Growth and yield
1.1 test materials, experimental scheme
Test material is ' spring peach ' tomato, and cultivating facility is greenhouse by solar heat, long 10.0 m of cultivating bed, and wide 0.60 m of furrow, every furrow vermiculite consumption is 10.0 m × 0.15, m × 0.60 m=0.90 m
3.Vermiculite is poured on furrow face by furrow by every furrow consumption, vermiculite and soil is fully mixed with Cultivator or spade, ploughing depth is 0.30 m, and the furrow face of raking after mixing, by spacing in the rows 35 cm field planting tomato seedling.Overground part, underground part growth indexes are measured in field planting after 30 days, field planting was measured early yield after 90 days.
1.2 test results and analysis
As shown in Table 1, puddle into tomato plant overground part and the underground part growth of the facility soil cultivation of vermiculite and be all significantly improved, and the single plant yield of tomato has improved 15.5%.As can be seen here, the inventive method has improved growth and the output of greenhouse tomato significantly.
Table 1 the inventive method improves effect to greenhouse tomato Growth and yield
The effect that the method that embodiment 2 optimizes rhizospheric environment improves facility Growth of Pepper and output
2.1 test materials, experimental scheme
Test material is ' red English reaches ' pimento, and cultivating facility is greenhouse by solar heat, long 10.0 m of cultivating bed, and wide 0.60 m of furrow, every furrow vermiculite consumption is 10.0 m × 0.12, m × 0.60 m=0.72 m
3.Vermiculite is poured on furrow face by furrow by every furrow consumption, vermiculite and soil is fully mixed with Cultivator or spade, ploughing depth is 0.24 m, and the furrow face of raking after mixing, by spacing in the rows 30 cm field planting Sweet pepper seedlings.Overground part, underground part growth indexes are measured in field planting after 30 days, field planting was measured early yield after 60 days.
2.2 test results and analysis
As shown in Table 2, puddle into pimento plant overground part and the underground part growth of the facility soil cultivation of vermiculite and be all significantly improved, and the single plant yield of pimento has improved 26.7%.As can be seen here, the inventive method has improved growth and the output of facility pimento significantly.
Table 2 the inventive method improves effect (field trial) to facility Growth of Pepper and output
The effect that the method that embodiment 3 optimizes rhizospheric environment improves cucumber in greenhouse Growth and yield
3.1 test materials, experimental scheme
Test material be ' super excellent the 35 ' cucumber, cultivating facility is greenhouse by solar heat, long 10.0 m of cultivating bed, wide 0.60 m of ridge furrow, every furrow vermiculite consumption is 10.0 m × 0.20, m × 0.60 m=1.20 m
3.Vermiculite is poured on furrow face by furrow by every furrow consumption, vermiculite and soil is fully mixed with Cultivator or spade, ploughing depth is 0.40 m, and the furrow face of raking after mixing, by spacing in the rows 40 cm field planting cucumber seedlings.Overground part, underground part growth indexes are measured in field planting after 30 days, field planting was measured early yield after 90 days.
3.2 test results and analysis
As shown in Table 3, puddle into cucumber plant overground part and the underground part growth of the facility soil cultivation of vermiculite and be all significantly improved, and the single plant yield of cucumber has improved 17.2%.As can be seen here, the inventive method has improved growth and the output of cucumber in greenhouse significantly.
Table 3 the inventive method improves effect (field trial) to cucumber in greenhouse Growth and yield
The effect that the method that embodiment 4 optimizes rhizospheric environment improves facility Growth of Lettuce and output
4.1 test materials, experimental scheme
Test material is ' the large fast-growing of the U.S. ' romaine lettuce, and cultivating facility is greenhouse by solar heat, and cultivating bed adopts flat furrow, and width is approximately 1.5 m, and every furrow vermiculite consumption is 10.0 m × 0.10, m × 1.5 m=1.50 m
3.Vermiculite is poured on furrow face by furrow by every furrow consumption, vermiculite and soil is fully mixed with Cultivator or spade, ploughing depth is 0.20 m, and the furrow face of raking after mixing, by spacing in the rows 25 cm field planting romaine lettuce seedling.Overground part, underground part growth indexes are measured in field planting after 20 days, field planting was measured early yield after 30 days.
4.2 test results and analysis
As shown in Table 4, puddle into romaine lettuce plant overground part and the underground part growth of the facility soil cultivation of vermiculite and be all significantly improved, and the single plant yield of romaine lettuce has improved 15.4%.As can be seen here, the inventive method has improved growth and the output of facility romaine lettuce significantly.
Table 4 the inventive method improves effect (field trial) to facility Growth of Lettuce and output
Claims (1)
1. in producing, facilities vegetable optimizes the method for rhizospheric environment for one kind, it is characterized in that, selecting particle diameter is that 1.0 ~ 3.0 mm vermiculites are as the interpolation material of optimizing rhizospheric environment, carry out after volume ratio is puddling of 1:1 with facility topsoil soils, coordinate the method for following agent, soil treatment method and field planting facilities vegetable seedling, carry out Installation Vegetable Cultivation; The thickness of described facility topsoil soils is 0.10 ~ 0.20 m; The concrete each sequence of steps adopting is as follows: (1) soil and the sterilization of canopy chamber: before vegetable seedling field planting, by facility and disinfecting soil; Described facility is canopy in greenhouse by solar heat, plastic tunnel or plastics; Soil disinfection method is for evenly spreading fertilizer over the fields calcium cyanamide, every 667 m
2liming nitrogen 40～60 kg, then carry out 1 time to soil and plough deeply, and calcium cyanamide particle is fully contacted with soil, then cover vexed soil with transparent membrane, allow it give full play to effect, and seal 2 week of canopy; Or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, every square metre of soil is executed 1.5 g; Or be sprinkled into sulphur by the dosage of every square metre of 25 ~ 30 g, and plough and carry out disinfection; (2) use sufficient base fertilizer: in facility soil, use sufficient base fertilizer; Every 667 m when cultivation fruit vegetables
2soil applies 3 ~ 5 m
3chicken dung or cow dung and diammonium phosphate 60 ~ 100 kg; Every 667 m when cultivation leaf vegetables
2soil applies 2 ~ 3 m
3chicken dung or cow dung and diammonium phosphate 20 ~ 30 kg; (3) do furrow: a fruit vegetables is first ploughed deeply soil 40 cm, then does furrow wholely; Furrow face width 0.6 ~ 0.7 m, every furrow field planting two row, furrow spacing 0.6 ~ 0.8 m; B leaf vegetables is first ploughed deeply soil 25 cm after applying base fertilizer, makes flat furrow, and l.0 furrow wide～1.5 m; Or use high bedding cultivation, wide 1.0 ~ 1.2 m of furrow; (4) add vermiculite to mix: consumption is poured on vermiculite on furrow face in proportion, vermiculite and topsoil soils are fully mixed with Cultivator or spade, ploughing depth is 0.20 ~ 0.40 m, the furrow face of raking after mixing; (5) vegetable seedling field planting: select fine day afternoon or cloudy weather to carry out the field planting of vegetable seedling; Fruit vegetables spacing in the rows 30～40 cm, line-spacing 35 ~ 40 cm, leaf vegetables spacing in the rows 20～25 cm, line-spacing 20 cm; When field planting, first dig cave by distance between rows and hills, the seedling band Tu Tuo cultivating is placed in kind of plant hole, the field planting degree of depth is ground or dark 1～2 cm equal with cotyledon, the 1:1 mixture of covering 10 cm vermiculites and topsoil soils in cave; After field planting, water permeable, to promote vegetables to delay seedling; After this, carry out conventional facilities vegetable daily management.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210425230.3A CN102884933B (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Method for optimizing root environments and application thereof in production of greenhouse vegetables |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210425230.3A CN102884933B (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Method for optimizing root environments and application thereof in production of greenhouse vegetables |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102884933A CN102884933A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
| CN102884933B true CN102884933B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
Family
ID=47528794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210425230.3A Expired - Fee Related CN102884933B (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Method for optimizing root environments and application thereof in production of greenhouse vegetables |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102884933B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106171375B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2020-06-02 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Compound material for promoting root growth and preventing premature senility of vegetables and method for cultivating vegetables by using compound material |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1843073A (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2006-10-11 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Facility vegetable mycorrhiza production method |
| CN101669425A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-03-17 | 山东农业大学 | Cultivation method for preventing and controlling continuous cropping soil obstacle of greenhouse fruit vegetables |
-
2012
- 2012-10-31 CN CN201210425230.3A patent/CN102884933B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1843073A (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2006-10-11 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Facility vegetable mycorrhiza production method |
| CN101669425A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-03-17 | 山东农业大学 | Cultivation method for preventing and controlling continuous cropping soil obstacle of greenhouse fruit vegetables |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 棚室蔬菜连作障害的综合治理措施;胡安胜等;《现代农业》;20091130;第29－30页 * |
| 胡安胜等.棚室蔬菜连作障害的综合治理措施.《现代农业》.2009,第29－30页. |
| 设施蔬菜栽培土壤问题研究概述;韩柏华等;《吉林蔬菜》;20070831;第71－73页 * |
| 韩柏华等.设施蔬菜栽培土壤问题研究概述.《吉林蔬菜》.2007,第71－73页. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102884933A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102898193B (en) | Method for producing seedling-growing nutritive matrix by traditional Chinese medicine residue composting | |
| CN102422769B (en) | Culturing and planting method of poplar trees for improving saline and alkaline land | |
| CN103626536B (en) | To foster and apply fertilizer the also fast rotten treatment process of field stalk in low yield yellow mud field, double rice cropping system, Central China | |
| CN101233811B (en) | Corn stubble-remaining ridge side planting method | |
| CN106105930A (en) | The rice cultivating method of double season mechanization straw incorporations | |
| CN103947494B (en) | Gleying rice field oxygenation irrigation and drainage cultivation | |
| CN104285739A (en) | High-yield rice cultivation method | |
| CN105706819A (en) | Simplified and efficient management method for soil in hill sloping field newly-built orchard | |
| CN103333695A (en) | Clayed soil improvement agent | |
| CN103477819A (en) | Cultivating method of pollution-free chive | |
| CN107155595A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of shed for pepper | |
| CN103749105A (en) | Open field high-quality and high-efficient cultivation technique for cabbages | |
| CN102160511B (en) | Novel cultivation, precise fertilization and comprehensive cultivation method for single cropping rice | |
| CN110156541A (en) | A kind of restorative procedure of secondary salinization soil | |
| CN207151368U (en) | A kind of soil texture suitable for heliogreenhouse arable farming | |
| CN104381109B (en) | Greenhouse vegetable soil-free cultivation technology | |
| CN107056505A (en) | One plant vegetables rice crop rotation farmland nutrient emission reduction and maintain stable crop yield method | |
| CN104186132A (en) | Photinia fraseri cuttage seedling method | |
| CN104160841A (en) | Method for planting vegetables in greenhouse | |
| CN105145257A (en) | High-efficiency paraphlomis javanica var.coronata forest building method | |
| CN105052446B (en) | The implantation methods of broad bean seedling on a kind of salt-soda soil | |
| CN104380985A (en) | Open-field, high-quality and efficient cultivation technology for lettuce | |
| CN109628106B (en) | Facility soil conditioner and application thereof | |
| CN109247178B (en) | Method for improving planting survival rate of mercerizing wood in saline-alkali soil | |
| CN102884933B (en) | Method for optimizing root environments and application thereof in production of greenhouse vegetables |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141015 Termination date: 20161031 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |