CN102845166A - Wheat wide seedlings ridge band-shaped sowing machine - Google Patents
Wheat wide seedlings ridge band-shaped sowing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102845166A CN102845166A CN2012103803525A CN201210380352A CN102845166A CN 102845166 A CN102845166 A CN 102845166A CN 2012103803525 A CN2012103803525 A CN 2012103803525A CN 201210380352 A CN201210380352 A CN 201210380352A CN 102845166 A CN102845166 A CN 102845166A
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Abstract
The invention provides a wheat wide seedlings ridge band-shaped sowing machine which comprises a seed box, a plurality of press wheels, a plurality of seed sowing pipelines, a plurality of ditchers and ditcher modules for enabling the seeds to be distributed in the shape of a band such as a wide seedlings ridge, wherein each ditcher module comprises at least two of ditchers for evenly sowing in the wide seedlings ridge, the press wheels are respectively arranged at the back of each ditcher module, the width of each press wheel is larger than or equal to that of each ditcher module, the width of each ditcher module is equal to that of each wide seedlings ridge, and the width between every two adjoining ditcher modules is equal to the line spacing between every two adjoining wide seedlings ridges; and in the same ditcher module, along the width direction, the adjoining ditchers are separated from one another at a certain distance, and along the front direction and the back direction, the adjoining ditchers are further separated from one another at a certain distance. The crops planted by the sowing machine can improve the ventilated and photo-permeable conditions in group canopies, and is good for the growth and development and the yield increase of the wheat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farm machinery sower, relate in particular to a kind of wheat wide seedling ridge band seeder.
Background technology
Wheat is one of world's Three major grain crops, is stabilized in for many years more than 2,000 ten thousand hectares in the cultivated area of China always, also is the main cereal crops of Chinese Huang-Huai-Hai plain plantation.The coordination of individual and group is depended in the formation of wheat yield.The structure of good group structure and formation are conducive to ventilation and penetrating light in colony's canopy, and ontogeny is healthy and strong, and is disease-resistant anti-down, are the bases that wheat yield forms.Planting patterns traditional in the Wheat Production is take drilling as main, and increase and decrease seeding quantity and change line-spacing are one of artificial regulatory wheat population structure major measure during by sowing.Therefore, present existing wheat seeder structure is substantially basic identical, mainly is comprised of frame, seed-box, seeding unit, seeding pipe, land wheel, plough and transmission device.In order to change pattern of farming, people mainly change the line-spacing adjusting of sower and have carried out tentative improvement, such as a ridge duplicate rows wheat seeder, link to each other with a shovel plough simultaneously by per two seeding pipes, two product of sowing about the inboard formation of plough, sowing for two separates with " V " shape baffle plate between the mouth, and keeping two spacings of sowing between the mouth is about 5cm, so just a ridge single file is changed into the field planting structure of a ridge duplicate rows; Other has a kind of form is the single-double-row wheat seeder, is to be staggered by single file seeding pipe and duplicate rows seeding pipe, after planting forms the staggered field planting structure of a ridge duplicate rows and a ridge single file.
But, more than these several sower patterns all do not change wheat seed after planting be " wire " arrangement mode, as shown in Figure 1, wheat 101, row of seedlings interval 102 all are wire and distribute.Still can there be crowding phenomenon in wheat seed in line is capable, is unfavorable for that wheat forms idealized population's structure.
Desirable wheat population structure is that the wheat plant in the canopy evenly distributes, and can form light, temperature, water, the fertile growing environment of uniformity, can keep again good ventilation and penetrating light condition.For this reason, research report ridge culture planting or broadcast sowing plantation without the ridge is arranged.But ridge culture planting has increased in meticulous integral body, bedder-planter, the ditch also to be needed with the kind of manually soing with a drill, because cargo handling operation increases, complex operation, wasting time and energy has increased operating cost; Broadcast sowing the mode that the rear rotary tillage of manually sowing seeds is adopted in plantation without the ridge, although simple to operate, but need to increase the wheat sowing quantity, and sowing depth is wayward, cause wheat emerge the growth irregular, and wheat growth middle and later periods group structure is strongly fragrantly covered, the ventilation and penetrating light condition is poor in the canopy, is unfavorable for that disease-resistant wheat is anti-down, affect output formation.Therefore, need not only simple and easy to do, but also can carry out group structure optimization, increase the new implantation methods of wheat yield, simultaneously, need a kind of wheat seeder that is fit to this new cropping pattern.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wheat wide seedling ridge band seeder, with satisfy present wheat planting needs not only simple and easy to do, but also can carry out group structure optimization, increase the planting requirement of wheat yield.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of wheat wide seedling ridge band seeder, it comprises seed-box, a plurality of press wheels, a plurality of discharging tubes and a plurality of plough, one end of described discharging tube is connected in described seed-box, the other end of described discharging tube is connected in described plough so that seed is inputted soil, it is characterized in that, also comprise be used to the plough module that makes the wide row of seedlings zonal distribution of Seed Development, each described plough module comprises at least two ploughs that are used for even sowing in wide row of seedlings, described press wheel lays respectively at each described plough module rear, the width of described press wheel is more than or equal to the width of described plough module, the width of described plough module equals the width of wide row of seedlings, and the width between the adjacent described plough module equals the line-spacing between the adjacent wide row of seedlings; In same described plough module, at width, adjacent described plough keeps at a certain distance away, and at fore-and-aft direction, adjacent described plough also keeps at a certain distance away.
The present invention grows with colony around individual growth and forms the output rapport, for the sowing complex operation that exists in the present wheat planting production, group structure is bad and affect ventilation and penetrating light in the canopy, cause the not high problem of output, utilize the present invention can implement wide row of seedlings strip cropping method, collection is got conventional drilling, Wu Long broadcasts sowing with the advantage of ridge culture, avoided simultaneously its shortcoming, can promote the wheat population structure optimization, improve the ventilation and penetrating light condition in colony's canopy, be conducive to wheat population and grow, increase output, improve the level of resources utilization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the wheat wire plantation schematic diagram of existing implantation methods;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation sketch of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the arrangement sketch of plough on fore-and-aft direction of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the backsight structural representation of the plough of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the wheat wide seedling ridge strip cropping schematic diagram that utilizes preferred embodiment of the present invention sowing;
Fig. 6 shows Different Ways of Planting Wheat in Grain Filling Stage canopy bottom printing opacity situation;
Fig. 7 shows Different Ways of Planting flag leaf during grain filling of wheat photosynthetic rate;
Fig. 8 shows the total stem number of Different Ways of Planting wheat jointing later stage unit are;
Fig. 9 shows Different Ways of Planting wheat during jointing stage later stage leaf area index;
Figure 10 shows Different Ways of Planting Wheat in Grain Filling Stage plant height;
Figure 11 shows the effective mature spike number of Different Ways of Planting wheat aging time unit are;
Figure 12 shows the Different Ways of Planting wheat grain yield.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details.
Explanation is in advance, and following only the present invention will be described as an example of wheat example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, to those skilled in the art, can not pay creative work, utilizes the present invention to plant other wheat crops.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the wheat planting process, comprise and broadcast front preparation, mechanical planting, field management, the links such as results, Fig. 5 then shows the wheat strip cropping schematic diagram that utilizes preferred embodiment of the present invention sowing, the wide row of seedlings 1 that the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 2 makes seed be band shape evenly distributes, the width L1 of each wide row of seedlings 1 can be between 10-25cm, be preferably 12-18cm, the width L1 of preferred wide row of seedlings 1 is 15cm, in conjunction with intensity of illumination, sunshine duration, wind-force, the natural conditions such as precipitation are analyzed, and show that this width is specially adapted to north of China wheat class main producing region.Line-spacing 2(between the adjacent wide row of seedlings 1 in the present invention, line-spacing refers to the space between the adjacent wide row of seedlings 1) width L2 equal the width L1 of wide row of seedlings 1, therefore, L1=L2=15cm.In the wide row of seedlings 1, the sowing depth of wheat seed is about 5cm, for example between the 4-6cm.
In order to form planting patterns shown in Figure 5, the preferred embodiment of the present invention such as Fig. 2-shown in Figure 4, it comprises seed-box 3, press wheel 6, a plurality of discharging tube 41-43 and a plurality of plough module 5.A plurality of plough module 5 one words arrange side by side, during practical application, can be determined by the power output of tractor the quantity of plough module 5, and certainly, the quantity of plough module 5 is more, and the mechanical planting machine sowing width of cloth is wider.A plough module 5 forms a wide row of seedlings 1, the wide row of seedlings more than 1 of disposable sowing, and the mechanical planting machine sowing width of cloth is wider.Press wheel 6 and plough module 5 are corresponding and be positioned at its rear one by one, with suppression soil.Each press wheel 6 structure is identical, and each discharging tube 41-43 structure is identical, and each plough module 5 also is that structure is identical, so Fig. 2 only marks one of them.Plough module 5 comprises three ploughs 51,52,53, but is not limited to this. Discharging tube 41,42, an end of 43 are connected in seed-box 3, and the other end is connected in plough 51,52,53 in the plough module 5 so that seed is inputted soil.
In this preferred embodiment, the width L5 of press wheel 6 is more than or equal to the width L3 of plough module 5, the width L5 of press wheel 6 namely is the length of cylindrical press wheel 6, and the width L3 of plough module 5 namely is two ploughs 51 at plough module 5 edges, the distance between the 53 outermost sides.The width L3 of plough module 5 equals the width L1 of wide row of seedlings 1, and the width L4 between the adjacent plough module 5 equals the width L2 of the line-spacing 2 between the adjacent wide row of seedlings 1.Preferably, the width L2 of width L1, line-spacing 2, width L3, width L4, width L5 all equate.
In same plough module 5, as shown in Figure 2, at width, all keep at a certain distance away the resistance when advancing with dispersion and minimizing plough module 5 between adjacent plough 51 and 52, the plough 52 and 53; As shown in Figure 3, at fore-and-aft direction, the L6 that also keeps at a certain distance away between adjacent plough 51 and 52, the plough 52 and 53, with further reduce advance resistance and be beneficial to seed dispersal evenly, simplified manufacturing technique, preferably, distance L 6 is 4-6cm.In another embodiment, at width, all has certain coincidence between adjacent plough 51 and 52, the plough 52 and 53, so that the banded wide row of seedlings zonal distribution of Seed Development, but at fore-and-aft direction, must keep at a certain distance away between adjacent plough 51 and 52, the plough 52 and 53, otherwise the sower advance resistance is larger.
Since between adjacent plough 51 and 52, the plough 52 and 53 at a certain distance between left and right, may cause the seed of plough sowing to form respectively a wire, and can not form the problem of banded wide row of seedlings, for fear of the generation of this problem, be provided with a plurality of projections in the plough cavity of this preferred embodiment.Because each plough structure is identical, therefore Fig. 4 only shows the interior of plough 51, among Fig. 4, be provided with a plurality of protruding 511 in the plough 51, the projection 511 can make wheat seed in the landing process because being subject to stopping the rolling of jumping, in mutually colliding, seed can fall into soil more equably.More preferably, projection 511 is the rib shape.
Seed Development wire for fear of each plough sowing, in the situation about in same plough module, staggering before and after the adjacent plough, plough in the middle of also can making and the plough of both sides overlap, for example the plough width of both sides is 5cm, middle plough width then is 6cm, and middle plough and both sides plough be overlapping 0.5cm respectively.
Based on the consideration of the climatic factors such as illumination of wheat growth in the cycle, when utilizing invention preferred embodiment plantation wheat, be preferably applied to the winter wheat plantation of northern middle latitude, for example the winter wheat of north of China wheat class main producing region.Sow according to local Suitable Sowing Period and seeding quantity, if before Suitable Sowing Period, sow, just suitably reduce sowing quantity; If behind Suitable Sowing Period, sow, should suitably increase seeding quantity.The mechanical planting machine carries press wheel, sows, suppresses the monommechanization operation, once finishes.The width of wide row of seedlings 1 is 15cm, and the spacing between the adjacent wide row of seedlings 1 (being line-spacing 2) is 15cm, about sowing depth 5cm.
Fig. 6-Figure 12 shows in test of many times, the contrast situation of the many kinds of parameters of the wheat of the wheat of conventional method plantation and the plantation of this preferred embodiment.In Fig. 6-Figure 12, in the two adjacent figure posts, the figure post in left side represents the general planting method, and the figure post on right side represents this preferred embodiment, and abscissa all represents seeding quantity, and unit is " kg/667m
2".In Fig. 6, ordinate represents to throw PAR, and unit is " μ mol/m
2"; In Fig. 7, ordinate represents photosynthetic rate Pn, and unit is " μ mol|CO
2/ m
2/ s "; In Fig. 8, the total stem number of ordinate representation unit area, unit is " ten thousand/667m
2"; In Fig. 9, ordinate represents leaf area index LAI; In Figure 10, ordinate represents plant height, and unit is " cm "; In Figure 11, ordinate representation unit area number of productive ear, unit is " ten thousand/667m
2"; In Figure 12, ordinate represents output, and unit is " kg/667m
2".
In sum, the invention provides a kind of wheat wide seedling ridge band seeder, utilize this sower to implement wheat wide seedling ridge strip cropping method, the rotary tillage of key operation link, suppression, sowing, suppression with respect to the general planting method, its main feature is through after rotary tillage, the suppression, adopt the sowing of wide row of seedlings band seeder, it is banded to form the wide row of seedlings of 15cm about wide behind the insemination and emergence, and the wide line-spacing (distance between the adjacent wide row of seedlings) of 15cm.
Theory analysis reaches repeatedly field test results and shows, the present invention can obtain multinomial outstanding planting effect, for example, be conducive on the whole make up the good wheat population canopy structure of formation, coordinate wheat individual and group relation, improve wheat to the utilization ratio of light, temperature, water, fertile resource, increase disease-resistant wheat worm, lodging-prevention ability, promote the wheat high and stable yields.Be in particular in:
One, has concurrently and disseminate wheat seeding and evenly distribute and drilling ventilation and penetrating light advantage, be conducive to Growth of Wheat.The individuality state that is evenly distributed has been built good Growth of Wheat steric requirements in wide row of seedlings band shape; Between wide row of seedlings, keep again suitable line-spacing, guaranteed the good ventilation printing opacity condition that the wheat healthy growth is required.Under the identical amount of the broadcasting condition, the wheat individuality of wide row of seedlings plantation is dispersed on the face substantially, avoided in wire bar ridge between the wheat individuality gathering around agent and influencing each other because of intensive, individuality is evenly distributed in the row of seedlings, the fertile condition of light warm water improves, and is conducive to individual growth and grows stalwartness, has increased the wheat capacity for the resistance to lodging, suitable line-spacing can guarantee again the ventilation and penetrating light condition that the field is good, is conducive to reduce because of strongly fragrant cover the sick worm incidence of wheat that improper ventilation causes.
Two, be convenient to make up Optimum population, be conducive to photosynthetic active radiation and in colony's canopy, transmit distribution, improved lower leave and be subjected to optical condition, improve the radiation utilization ratio.Growing complete and healthy wheat plant may have three layers or more multi-layered blade, if group structure is unreasonable, the blade of the superiors will be intercepted and captured most of illumination, and lower leave can only obtain a small amount of illumination.When noon sun direct projection, the photosynthetic active radiation of intercepting and capturing by the plant canopy top vane will have 1400 μ mol/m
2/ s or more approximately is 3 times of saturated light intensity, and like this, the solar energy of being intercepted and captured by the upper strata blade has at least 2/3 to be wasted, and lower leave illumination is not enough.The present invention reduces the canopy top vane to the shading of lower leave by changing group structure, has changed luminous energy in intragroup distribution, makes more direct light transmissive to the canopy lower blade.Compare with conventional drilling, it is not remarkable that difference is compared in plant height and conventional drilling, but the illumination that wide row of seedlings planting conditions its underpart blade is accepted but increases about 30%, is conducive to output and forms.
Three, wheat coverage increases, and the field bare area descends, and is conducive to reduce evaporation between wheatland, keeps soil moisture, improves water use efficiency.The Water Consumption of Winter Wheat amount mainly by the plant blade face rising with between evaporate two parts and form.Evaporation is a physical process of soil between, and outside the Pass having with the field microclimate situation, the ground cover degree is a key factor that affects evaporation discharge, so evaporation is different with floristics, planting density and vegetal cover degree between.Measurement result shows that bare area is large before winter wheat turns green, and evaporation accounts for 92% of farmland total evaporation between; Along with the plant strain growth cover degree increases, the ratio of evaporation drops to 68% between after turning green; Jointing later stage to maturation drops to 47%; The ground evaporation between plants in winter wheat time of infertility accounts for 66% of farmland total evaporation.After the plantation of wide row of seedlings, vegetation coverage increases, and its field bare area reduces nearly 50% than conventional strip sowing planting, so an evaporation between the present invention is conducive to reduce keeps soil moisture.
Four, ineffective tillering reduces, and is conducive to improve the resource utilizations such as light warm water fertilizer.Result of the test shows: under identical planting conditions, the ineffective tillering of wide row of seedlings plantation is about 30%, and the ineffective tillering of general planting reaches more than 50%, and wide row of seedlings plantation reduces about 20% than conventional strip sowing planting; The conditions of growth and developments such as individual plant moisture, nutrient are improved, make the boot leaf photosynthetic rate be better than general planting, thereby under the identical amount of broadcasting condition, the unit are number of productive ear shows as wide row of seedlings plantation and is higher than general planting, grain yield increases about 8% than general planting, has improved the resource utilizations such as light warm water fertilizer.
Five, farming is wholely identical with conventional land preparation mode in the actual production before the sowing, sowing, suppression monommechanization are once finished, and do not increase extra assignment link and fringe cost, and field management is convenient on wheat growth stage group structure row, ridge clearly, simple and easy to do, be convenient to the peasant and receive.
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can realize by other the embodiment that does not break away from its Spirit Essence or essential feature.Therefore, described disclosed embodiment with regard to each side, all just illustrates, and is not only.All within the scope of the present invention or the change within being equal to scope of the present invention all be included in the invention.
Claims (6)
1. wheat wide seedling ridge band seeder, comprise seed-box, a plurality of press wheels, a plurality of discharging tubes and a plurality of plough, one end of described discharging tube is connected in described seed-box, the other end of described discharging tube is connected in described plough so that seed is inputted soil, it is characterized in that, also comprise be used to the plough module that makes the wide row of seedlings zonal distribution of Seed Development, each described plough module comprises at least two ploughs that are used for even sowing in wide row of seedlings, described press wheel lays respectively at each described plough module rear, the width of described press wheel is more than or equal to the width of described plough module, the width of described plough module equals the width of wide row of seedlings, and the width between the adjacent described plough module equals the line-spacing between the adjacent wide row of seedlings;
In same described plough module, at width, adjacent described plough keeps at a certain distance away, and at fore-and-aft direction, adjacent described plough also keeps at a certain distance away.
2. wheat wide seedling according to claim 1 ridge band seeder is characterized in that the width of described plough module is 14-18cm.
3. wheat wide seedling according to claim 1 ridge band seeder is characterized in that the width of described plough module is 15cm.
4. wheat wide seedling according to claim 1 ridge band seeder is characterized in that in same described plough module, at fore-and-aft direction, the spacing distance of adjacent described plough is 4-6cm.
5. wheat wide seedling according to claim 1 ridge band seeder is characterized in that, is provided with a plurality of projections in each described plough so that wheat seed in the landing process because being subject to stopping the rolling of jumping, thereby be more evenly distributed.
6. wheat wide seedling according to claim 5 ridge band seeder is characterized in that described projection is the rib shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210380352.5A CN102845166B (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Wheat wide seedlings ridge band-shaped sowing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210380352.5A CN102845166B (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Wheat wide seedlings ridge band-shaped sowing machine |
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| CN102845166A true CN102845166A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
| CN102845166B CN102845166B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114747347A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-07-15 | 临猗县果树前沿技术研究所 | Front fork type sunshade covering type soil fertilizer is with machine of scattering |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2115662A (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1983-09-14 | Amazonen Werke Dreyer H | Drill |
| CN201104386Y (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-08-27 | 河南省农业科学院小麦研究中心 | Wheat ridging molding shaping plate and wheat ridging sowing machine |
| CN202232097U (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-05-30 | 周勋波 | Single and double seeding strip precision wheat seeder |
| CN202310539U (en) * | 2011-11-13 | 2012-07-11 | 张希忠 | Tillage-free seeding machine for wheat |
| CN202354052U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-08-01 | 四川农业大学 | Hilly dry land zone type relay cropping wheat no-tillage seeding fertilizing machine and ditcher thereof |
| CN202364558U (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-08-08 | 四平禾丰农机制造有限公司 | Film-covering precision seeder |
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2012
- 2012-09-29 CN CN201210380352.5A patent/CN102845166B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2115662A (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1983-09-14 | Amazonen Werke Dreyer H | Drill |
| CN201104386Y (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-08-27 | 河南省农业科学院小麦研究中心 | Wheat ridging molding shaping plate and wheat ridging sowing machine |
| CN202232097U (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-05-30 | 周勋波 | Single and double seeding strip precision wheat seeder |
| CN202310539U (en) * | 2011-11-13 | 2012-07-11 | 张希忠 | Tillage-free seeding machine for wheat |
| CN202364558U (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-08-08 | 四平禾丰农机制造有限公司 | Film-covering precision seeder |
| CN202354052U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-08-01 | 四川农业大学 | Hilly dry land zone type relay cropping wheat no-tillage seeding fertilizing machine and ditcher thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114747347A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-07-15 | 临猗县果树前沿技术研究所 | Front fork type sunshade covering type soil fertilizer is with machine of scattering |
| CN114747347B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-27 | 王志红 | Front fork type sunshade covering type soil fertilizer is with machine of scattering |
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| CN102845166B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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