CN102816004B - Special fertilizer for sweet potato seedbed on basis of sesame oil residues, method for preparing special fertilizer and application of special fertilizer - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for sweet potato seedbed on basis of sesame oil residues, method for preparing special fertilizer and application of special fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102816004B CN102816004B CN201210329723.7A CN201210329723A CN102816004B CN 102816004 B CN102816004 B CN 102816004B CN 201210329723 A CN201210329723 A CN 201210329723A CN 102816004 B CN102816004 B CN 102816004B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special fertilizer for a sweet potato seedbed on basis of sesame oil residues, a method for preparing the special fertilizer and an application of the special fertilizer. The special fertilizer for the sweet potato seedbed comprises the following raw materials according to the mass ratio: 77-88% of aged sesame oil residues, 10-20% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5-1.2% of potassium sulfate, 0.5-1.2% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.7-1.7% of urea and 0.006-0.01% of agricultural streptomycin. The method for preparing the special fertilizer comprises that the left residues after the sesame oil processing are crushed, added with water to be uniformly mixed, sealed, thermally insulated, naturally decayed and then dried in the sun to obtain the aged sesame oil residues, the aged sesame oil residues are uniformly mixed with ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and agricultural streptomycin to obtain the special fertilizer. The special fertilizer is used as an additional fertilizer or basic fertilizer to be applied on the sweet potato seedbed. The special fertilizer for the sweet potato seedbed is full of nutrients, not only can meet the requirements of potato seedlings on potassium and nitrogen, but also avoids the damage of chloride ions, is reasonable in nutrient proportion, and has long fertilizer efficiency and a stable effect; and the special fertilizer for the sweet potato seedbed is low in raw material price, and is simple to prepare.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer based on sesame oil slag and preparation method thereof and application, belong to crop fertilizer material production technical field.
Background technology
Sweet potato is important grain, feed, industrial raw material and novel energy root crop, in China's grain-production, is only second to paddy rice, wheat, corn, and ultimate production is arranged the 4th.
The quality of sweet potato potato seedling quality, directly affects yield of sweet potato.Research finds that sweet potato potato seedling quality and piece root output have close relationship, and it is fast that strengthening seedling and rooting is early sent out seedling, and knot potato is early and many, and yampi rate is high, has obvious effect of increasing production, than weak seedling, increases production 10 one 36%.It is the primary link in sweet potato production process that sweet potato is grown seedlings, and educates foot and cultivates the basis that sweet potato seedling is acquisition high yield, must utilize special seedling bed to carry out strong seedling cultivation.In sweet potato seedling raising process, the potato seedling growth in early stage of growing seedlings is mainly supplied with nutrient by potato piece itself, collect seedling after 1-2 time, mid-term, the growth of potato seedling mainly absorbed nutrient from medium of seedling bed, middle and later periods is when medium of seedling bed fertility is not enough, potato seedling is prone to thin and weak yellowing phenomenon, and the measure of taking in production is mainly readily avaiable fertilizer such as imposing urea, bicarbonate of ammonia to improve potato seedling quality, but effect exists certain limitation.At present, the development of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer and application there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer based on sesame oil slag and preparation method thereof and application.
Sesame oil slag is remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing, be rich in multiple nutrient, the present invention utilizes sesame oil slag for main raw material, add a certain proportion of mineral manure, form sweet potato strong seedling cultivation nursery bed special fertilizer, and carried out effect checking, obtain good effect, emerge many and neat, robust plant.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, raw materials quality is as follows than component:
The sesame oil slag 77 ~ 88% becoming thoroughly decomposed,
Ammonium sulfate 10 ~ 20%,
Potassium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.2%,
Monoammonium phosphate 0.5 ~ 1.2%,
Urea 0.7 ~ 1.7%,
Agricultural streptomycin 0.006 ~ 0.01%,
The described sesame oil slag becoming thoroughly decomposed is the thin slag that remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing is ground into 2 ~ 5mm, adds water to water content 50 ~ 60wt%, mixes, and covers with plastics film, and spontaneous fermentation is become thoroughly decomposed 30 ~ 60 days, teds to water ratio and makes lower than 10wt%.
Preferably, described agricultural streptomycin is 50 ~ 75% commercially available wettable powders, mass percent.
According to the present invention, preferred sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, raw materials quality is as follows than component:
The sesame oil slag 83 ~ 88% becoming thoroughly decomposed, ammonium sulfate 10 ~ 15%, potassium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1%, monoammonium phosphate 0.5 ~ 1%, urea 1.0 ~ 1.7%, agricultural streptomycin 0.006 ~ 0.008%, uses as base manure.
According to the present invention, preferred sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, raw materials quality is as follows than component:
The sesame oil slag 77 ~ 84% becoming thoroughly decomposed, ammonium sulfate 13 ~ 20%, potassium sulfate 0.6 ~ 1.2%, monoammonium phosphate 0.6 ~ 1.2%, urea 0.7 ~ 1.5%, agricultural streptomycin 0.006 ~ 0.01%, uses as topdressing.
During preparation specific product, the above-mentioned each composition quality of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of the present invention is 100% than sum.
According to the present invention, the preparation method of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, step is as follows:
(1) remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing is ground into the thin slag of 2 ~ 5mm, add water to water content 50 ~ 60wt%, mix, cover with plastics film, the preferred straw mat that can cover is incubated, naturally become thoroughly decomposed 30 ~ 60 days, spread out and dry to water ratio lower than 10wt%, by the sieve in 5mm aperture; The sesame oil slag that must become thoroughly decomposed;
(2) the sesame oil slag becoming thoroughly decomposed of according to mass ratio being prepared by ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, urea, agricultural streptomycin and step (1) is mixed evenly, and obtains sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer.
The application of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of the present invention, as sweet potato seedbed topdress or base manure is used.
The application of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer according to the present invention, as the sweet potato seedbed method of using of topdressing, be: cutting after sweet potato seedling, according to the amount of application of every square metre of 50 ~ 100g, sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of the present invention is sprinkling upon to surface, sweet potato seedbed uniformly, after fertilising, directly water.
The application of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer according to the present invention, the method of using as sweet potato seedbed base manure is: before potato piece carries out seedbed seeding, according to the amount of application of every square metre of 400 ~ 700g, sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of the present invention is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on seedbed, fully mix with seedbed soil, then carry out seedbed seeding.
Excellent results of the present invention is as follows:
1, the main raw material of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of the present invention is sesame oil slag, and sesame oil slag is remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing, nutritious, manages and supports composition detection, and in sesame oil slag, organic content reaches 75 ~ 85%, nitrogen 5 ~ 6%, phosphoric acid 2 ~ 3%, potassium oxide 1 ~ 2%.And sesame oil slag is cheap, it is the cheap price and excellent quality major ingredient of preparation sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer.
2, sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of the present invention adopts potassium sulfate and ammonium sulfate to make auxiliary material, not only can meet the demand that potato seedling is grown to potassium and nitrogen, also avoids the injury of chlorion, because sweet potato is chlorion sensitive plant.
3, the nutrient reasonable ratio of potato nursery bed special fertilizer of the present invention, meets the growth of sweet potato seedling in earlier stage to nitrogen, and potassium element absorbs fast, to the less feature of phosphorus element absorption.
4, sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer main ingredient of the present invention and nutrient reasonable ratio, fertilizer efficiency is high.Under equal conditions use the dark green plumpness of Sweet Potato Leaf of sesame oil slag nursery bed special fertilizer, emerge many and neat, robust plant; And sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer fertilizer efficiency of the present invention is long, effect stability.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but be not limited to this.Per-cent in embodiment is mass percent.In embodiment, use agricultural streptomycin be 72% wettable powder, market buy, the agricultural Chemical Co., Ltd. of Hebei agriculture-countryside-farmer is on sale.
Embodiment 1: as the sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of base manure
Sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, feed composition is as follows:
90 kilograms of the sesame oil slags becoming thoroughly decomposed, 13 kilograms, ammonium sulfate, 0.9 kilogram of potassium sulfate, 0.9 kilogram of monoammonium phosphate, 1.2 kilograms, urea, 8 grams of agricultural streptomycins.
Preparation method, step is as follows:
(1) remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing is ground into the sesame oil slag of 3 ~ 4mm, gets this sesame oil slag double centner, join in reaction alms bowl, add water and mix, make water content reach 55wt%, then will react alms bowl plastic membrane sealing, and cover straw mat and be incubated.Naturally become thoroughly decomposed 55 days, centre, without turning, is spread out and is dried to moisture 5%, with the sieve in 5mm aperture, the sesame oil slag that must become thoroughly decomposed.
(2) get 90 kilograms of the sesame oil slags that become thoroughly decomposed according to proportioning and 13 kilograms, ammonium sulfate, 0.9 kilogram of potassium sulfate, 0.9 kilogram of monoammonium phosphate, 1.2 kilograms, urea, 8 grams of agricultural streptomycins, mix.Obtain.
As the application of base manure:
40 kilograms of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizers getting the present embodiment, are applied to 100m
2sweet potato seedbed, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on seedbed and fully mix with seedbed soil, then carry out the seeding of sweet potato seedbed.This Nutrition Soil makes sweet potato potato piece root of hair many, emerges many and neat, and output of seedling reaches 560 strains/m
2, potato seedling robust growth, the hundred strain galassings of young plant are 650 grams.
Take common composite fertilizer (compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 14-16-15 bright spring day of Shandong red sun group) as contrast, every 100m
2seedbed use the base manure of 40 kilograms, output of seedling reaches 470 strains/m
2, hundred strain galassings are 520 grams.
Embodiment 2: topdress
Sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, feed composition is as follows:
70 kilograms of the sesame oil slags becoming thoroughly decomposed, 15 kilograms, ammonium sulfate, 0.6 kilogram of potassium sulfate, 0.6 kilogram of monoammonium phosphate, 0.8 kilogram, urea, 0.006 kilogram of agricultural streptomycin.
Preparation method's step is as follows:
(1) remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing is ground into the sesame oil slag of 3 ~ 4mm, gets 80 kilograms of this sesame oil slags, join in reaction alms bowl, add water and mix, make water content reach 55wt%, then will react alms bowl plastic membrane sealing, and cover straw mat and be incubated.Naturally become thoroughly decomposed 45 days, centre, without turning, is spread out and is dried to moisture 8%, with the sieve in 5mm aperture, the sesame oil slag that must become thoroughly decomposed.
(2) get 70 kilograms of the sesame oil slags that become thoroughly decomposed, according to proportioning, mix and get final product with ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, urea, agricultural streptomycin.
As the application of topdressing:
Get 10 kilograms of the sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizers of the present embodiment, for just cutting the 200m of seedling
2in sweet potato seedbed, be sprinkling upon equably surface, sweet potato seedbed, after fertilising, water, potato seedling is many and healthy and strong, output of seedling average out to 700 strains/m
2, hundred strain galassings are 810 grams.
Embodiment 3: topdress
Sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, feed composition is as follows:
50 kilograms of the sesame oil slags becoming thoroughly decomposed, 8 kilograms, ammonium sulfate, 0.7 kilogram of potassium sulfate, 0.6 kilogram of monoammonium phosphate, 0.9 kilogram, urea, 4 grams of agricultural streptomycins.
Preparation method is with embodiment 2, and difference is that in step (1), sesame oil slag becomes thoroughly decomposed 30 days naturally.
As the application of topdressing:
Get 10 kilograms of the sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizers of the present embodiment, for just cutting the 100m of seedling
2in sweet potato seedbed, be sprinkling upon equably surface, sweet potato seedbed.After fertilising, water, potato seedling is many and healthy and strong, output of seedling average out to 756 strains/m
2, hundred strain galassings are 680 grams.
The sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer virus disease of tobacco of embodiment of the present invention 1-3 below.
Control group: using common composite fertilizer (compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 14-16-15 bright spring day of Shandong red sun group) as base manure or topdress.
The sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of test group: embodiment 1 is as base manure, and the sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer of embodiment 2-3 is as topdressing.
Experiment place: Jinan, Shandong Province Licheng District, Crop Inst. of shandong Prov. Agriculture science Academy test base
Experimental period: on June 20,15 days to 2012 April in 2012
Sweet potato germplasm: the potato piece of Ji potato 18, Ji Xu 23 potato piece
Test method: Ji potato 18, Ji Xu's 23 each kinds are chosen summer potato potato piece in the same size, the place of production is identical, by the method for flat raft kind, potato piece top are evenly come on seedbed towards a direction, the unified seedbed management that carries out.Embodiment 1-3 and totally 4 processing of control group comparative example are established respectively in test, 100 square metres of each processing seedbed areas, in triplicate.
Control group rate of fertilizer application and usage are identical with embodiment group rate of fertilizer application, the every 100m of base manure
2seedbed is used 40 kilograms, and every 100m topdresses
25 kilograms (2 groups of embodiment), 10 kilograms (3 groups of embodiment) are used in seedbed.
Result is as following table 1, table 2:
Table 1, Ji potato 18 sweet potato test situation
Table 2, Ji Xu's 23 sweet potato test situation
。
Claims (1)
1. a sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer, raw materials quality is than composed as follows:
The sesame oil slag 77 ~ 88% becoming thoroughly decomposed,
Ammonium sulfate 10 ~ 20%,
Potassium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.2%,
Monoammonium phosphate 0.5 ~ 1.2%,
Urea 0.7 ~ 1.7%,
Agricultural streptomycin 0.006 ~ 0.01%,
The described sesame oil slag becoming thoroughly decomposed is the thin slag that remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing is ground into 2 ~ 5mm, adds water to water content 50 ~ 60wt%, mixes, and covers with plastics film, and spontaneous fermentation is become thoroughly decomposed 30 ~ 60 days, teds to water ratio and makes lower than 10wt%;
It is before potato piece carries out seedbed seeding that this sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer is used as sweet potato seedbed base manure, according to the amount of application of every square metre of 400 ~ 700g, sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on seedbed, fully mixes with seedbed soil, then carries out seedbed seeding;
This sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer topdresses as sweet potato seedbed, and to use be having cut after sweet potato seedling, according to the amount of application of every square metre of 50 ~ 100g, sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer is sprinkling upon to surface, sweet potato seedbed uniformly, after fertilising, directly waters.
2
.the preparation method of sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer described in claim 1, step is as follows:
(1) remaining residue after sesame oil expression processing is ground into the thin slag of 2 ~ 5mm, adds water to water content 50 ~ 60wt%, mix, with plastics film covering, can cover straw mat insulation, naturally become thoroughly decomposed 30 ~ 60 days, spread out and dry to water ratio lower than 10wt%, by the sieve in 5mm aperture; The sesame oil slag that must become thoroughly decomposed;
(2) the sesame oil slag becoming thoroughly decomposed of according to mass ratio being prepared by ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, urea, agricultural streptomycin and step (1) is mixed evenly, and obtains sweet potato nursery bed special fertilizer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210329723.7A CN102816004B (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2012-09-07 | Special fertilizer for sweet potato seedbed on basis of sesame oil residues, method for preparing special fertilizer and application of special fertilizer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210329723.7A CN102816004B (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2012-09-07 | Special fertilizer for sweet potato seedbed on basis of sesame oil residues, method for preparing special fertilizer and application of special fertilizer |
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| CN102816004B true CN102816004B (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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| CN103664360B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽恒进农业发展有限公司 | A kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato |
| CN106717901A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 迁西县神农农产品有限公司 | A kind of sweet potato green high-efficient cultural method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1072167A (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1993-05-19 | 安丘县科技开发中心新技术推广服务站 | A kind of multi-element and multi-effect compound fertilizer |
| CN101381261A (en) * | 2008-01-06 | 2009-03-11 | 吴行国 | Special fertilizer for sweet potato |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101891551B (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-04 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for Xinjiang Hami melon |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1072167A (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1993-05-19 | 安丘县科技开发中心新技术推广服务站 | A kind of multi-element and multi-effect compound fertilizer |
| CN101381261A (en) * | 2008-01-06 | 2009-03-11 | 吴行国 | Special fertilizer for sweet potato |
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