CN108299072A - A kind of special fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof that salt-soda soil plants economic crops - Google Patents
A kind of special fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof that salt-soda soil plants economic crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN108299072A CN108299072A CN201810007180.4A CN201810007180A CN108299072A CN 108299072 A CN108299072 A CN 108299072A CN 201810007180 A CN201810007180 A CN 201810007180A CN 108299072 A CN108299072 A CN 108299072A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
A kind of special fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof that salt-soda soil plants economic crops, is made of peat soil, fulvic acid, compound fertilizer, Bacillus globigii spores, amino acid, root-growing agent, middle trace element fertilizer and attapulgite clay.The proportion optimizing of above-mentioned material, and attapulgite clay is added and is granulated manufactured food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers plantation improvement of special fertilizer as adhesive, being applied to salt-soda soil has the single-minded fertilizer efficiency of offer, improves soil quality, improve beneficial bacterium survival rate, promote crop resistance, improve the multiple effects such as nutrient imbalance；The improvement special fertilizer is using organic-inorganic compound fertilizer as core; Adsorption Concentration subtilis spore, amino acid and plant growth regulator; it is granulated using granulating disc or Squeezinggranulator, is conducive to its scale, mechanization, gently simplifiedly promotes and applies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to salt-soda soil Special Fertilizers for Various Crops and preparation method thereof and answer
With, be suitable in China more particularly to one kind, heavy salinized area kind herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, and have both provide nutrient, improve crop salt resistance
Property, conditioning the multi-functional fertilizer dedicated to alkaline land and the preparation method and application thereof such as improves the soil.
Background technology
China possesses more than 500,000,000 mu of the saline alkali land resource gross area, and nearly the 5% of land area can be utilized by accounting for the whole nation, integrated distribution
In the five regions based on Northwest inland, middle and upper Yellow River, northeast, the coastal and North China Plain, near-mid term, which has, administers
100,000,000 mu of the saline alkali land area of transformation and agricultural development Exploitative potential is only distributed more than 1,000 ten thousand mu in middle and upper Yellow River RS in Alkali Region.Salt
The rebuilding and improving on alkali ground and utilization effectively supply China arable land " dilatation, upgrading, synergy ", Ensuring Food Safety and agricultural product
To having important practical significance.
Middle and upper Yellow River RS in Alkali Region is the Typical Representative of the main agriculture district in northwest China and China's Irrigation farming, the area
It is located in inland, topography is flat, and rainfall is few, and evaporation is big, and ecology fragility causes the Soil Secondary accumulation of salt in the surface soil strong, salt due to impeded drainage
Alkali ground area is big, degree weight, seriously affects ecology, agricultural and socio-economic development.Eating certain herbaceous plants with big flowers has certain salt resistance ability, is important
Industrial crops type, kind herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is that this area salt-soda soil agricultural administers the important way utilized.But the area salt-soda soil has
There are the characteristics such as salinity weight, degree of base saturation height, haftplatte, nutrient imbalance, poor permeability, along with irrigation and drainage is unsmooth so that underground
Water buried depth is shallow, salinity is high, determines that the difficulty of its rebuilding and improving is larger, and food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate is low, and the seedling stage soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil is led strongly
Slow-growing, low output after lethal seedling, runt seedling or seedling.For this purpose, China has carried out many experiments and research work in recent years
Make, wherein being the new side being concerned in recent years for the compound improved formulations of biology-agronomy of topsoil-rhizosphere environment are improved
Method, compared with other measures such as single chemical improvement agent, have at low cost, material source is wide, easy to use, effectiveness comprehensively,
The advantages such as ecological ideas, environmental-friendly.
Chinese patent ZL 20131039358.5 discloses preparation method and its application of a kind of ecology of alkali saline land improving fertilizer
Method, the preparation method of ecology of alkali saline land improving fertilizer by the way that fermenting microbe is added in cow dung, and is added stalk after fermenting and crushes
Particle and ferrous sulfate pulvis are stirred, and have salt-soda soil crops and plant percent high, growing way is good, environmental-friendly etc. excellent
Point.Chinese patent ZL 201110091253.0 discloses a kind of biological improving fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof, the improvement
Fertilizer irrigates fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and desulfurization slag by turf, pine needle, cow dung, promise or sulphur forms, for changing after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of salt-soda soil
Soil, fertilizing, solodization, total nutrient and the content of organic matter with activating soil, increase soil, improve soil permeability, loose soil
Earth, promotion infiltration capacity and other effects.Chinese patent ZL 200610083425.9 discloses a kind of preparation side of fertilizer dedicated to alkaline land
Method is that raw material adds saccharomycetes to make fermentation by Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, Castor seed Meal, nitro humus acid, urea, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid one is added
Ammonium and potassium chloride composition, by fertilizer itself acidity with salt-soda soil alkalinity mutually neutralization, using the active material in fertilizer come
The inflexible structure for changing salt-soda soil, to achieve the effect that administer salt-soda soil.Chinese patent ZL 201110230955.2 discloses one
Kind of the method for planting oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers in heavy saline, frozen by consolidation, winter salt water irrigate, spring salt water ice melts shower,
The a series of measures such as film covering suppression salt soil moisture conservation, reduce the salt content of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers root layer soil, ensure the normal growth of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, process behaviour
Make simply, at low cost, economic, society and ecological benefits are notable.Chinese patent ZL201210192626.8, which is disclosed, a kind of using coal
Charcoal generates humic acid alkaline land improving special fertilizer, containing alar-85, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid and humic acid reactant, by by weathered coal,
Lignite and peat crushing are added in reaction kettle and stir, and stir and seal reaction after ammonium nitrate and potassium hydroxide is added, add
Alar-85 and ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid stirring-granulating have features simple and practical process, and free from environmental pollution, extraction cost is low, raw material availability and fertilizer efficiency
The high advantage of utilization rate.Chinese patent 03111936.0 discloses a kind of alkaline land soil improvement special fertilizer and its processing method,
Using gypsum as primary raw material, high-quality organic matter is added, makes gypsum and the rational proportions of Organic Ingredients, then through it is high-quality, preferably,
Efficient bacteria agent fermentation, form it is novel, using easy, soil improvement special fertilizer at low cost, major advantage includes
Quick improvement saline-alkali soil reduces soil pH value, promotes soil aggregate structure to be formed, provides plant nutrient, increase soil fertility.From
It is more for the applicable chemistry-bion improvement conditioner in salt-soda soil from the point of view of the case where above intellectual property reaction, but have no needle
To heavy texture or hardened salt-soda soil, has both and provide that nutrient, improvement soil, to improve yield etc. multi-functional for food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, and with mud
Charcoal soil, fulvic acid is as carrier and to add polynary fertilizer, the biological modification of microbial active ingredients fertile.
Invention content
The technical issues of solution：The present invention at present, heavy salinized (arid, semiarid region) food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate
The realistic problems such as low, runt seedling seedling death phenomenon is serious, root system activity is weak and soil nutrient is unbalance, heavy texture, soil hardening utilize
Loose porous, compound fertilizer the synthesis nutrient of organic materials, the degeneration-resistant stimulation of growth regulator, microorganism activity function,
It develops and has both improvement soil, promote salt tolerance of crop, balance what a kind of salt-soda soil that crop nutrition content absorbs planted economic crops
Special fertilizer and preparation method thereof, and propose a set of concrete application for different soils salt content and quality situation.
Technical solution：A kind of special fertilizer that salt-soda soil plants economic crops, by peat soil, fulvic acid, compound fertilizer, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus spores, amino acid, root-growing agent, middle trace element fertilizer and attapulgite clay composition；Wherein, the mass parts of each ingredient
Number matches：60-65 parts of peat soil, 4-6 parts of fulvic acid, 20-25 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-2 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, amino acid
0.1-0.2 parts, 0.00002-0.00004 parts of root-growing agent, middle trace element fertilizer 2-4 parts, 5-7 parts of attapulgite clay.
Above-mentioned peat soil is the natural organic plant material that main component is turf, and water imbibition 60wt.%-65wt.% contains
Water≤20wt.%, unit weight 0.2-0.4g/cm3, pH value 5.5-7.0, grain size 1-3mm, EC value is in soil and water quality than 1:5 item
Under part≤and 0.3dS/m, organic matter >=70wt.%；The fulvic acid is powder fulvic acid, and water solubility 100%, fulvic acid is dry
Under the conditions of base >=and 55wt.%, amino acid >=2.0wt.%, potassium oxide >=12wt.%, pH 5-7；The compound fertilizer is by phosphoric acid
Diammonium, potassium sulfate are according to mass ratio 1:2 blend, and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium sulfate are graininess, particle diameter 1-3mm, moisture
Content≤0.2wt.%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) ingredient N:P2O5For 18-46, sulfuric acid potassium composition K2O >=50wt.%；The withered grass gemma
Bacillus spores are the bacillus subtilises of spore state, cross the pulvis of 100 mesh, and water content≤5wt.%, bacillus subtilis is total
CFU/ grams of bacterium number >=50,000,000,000, living spores >=30,000,000,000/gram.
Above-mentioned amino acid is by L-Trp, L-phenylalanine according to mass ratio 1:1 ratio blends, L-Trp and L-
Phenylalanine is the white crystalline powder of active principle content >=99wt.%, water content≤0.3wt.%, and L-Trp pH exists
5.5-6.5 L-phenylalanine pH is in 5.5-6.0.
Above-mentioned root-growing agent is by heteroauxin (IAA), niacin (NAA) according to mass ratio 1:1 ratio blends, indoles second
Acid be active principle content >=99wt.%, water content≤1wt.% white pulvis, niacin be active principle content >=
The white pulvis of 80wt.%, water content≤5wt.%.
Among the above trace element fertilizer be main boracic, calcium, Zn-ef ficiency granular fertilizer, particle diameter 1-3mm, boron content >=
40wt.%, calcium content >=20wt.%, Zn content >=12wt.%.
Above-mentioned attapulgite clay was the pulvis of 300 mesh, dispersion viscosity >=2000Mpas, water content≤5wt.%, effectively
Content of material >=99wt.%, pH is in 7-9, bulk density 0.4-0.7g/cm3, varying index is shaken in 3.5-7.5.
The preparation method for the special fertilizer that above-mentioned salt-soda soil plants economic crops, by peat soil, fulvic acid, compound fertilizer and in it is micro-
Secondary element fertilizer matches a heap according to above-mentioned raw materials, is stirred evenly a heap with blender, addition Bacillus globigii spores pulvis,
It is again stirring for mixing after amino acid and root-growing agent, water is added to adjust water content to 30wt.%-35wt.%, after attapulgite clay is added
It is granulated with granulating disc, granular size 3-4mm, or is granulated with Squeezinggranulator, particle size 3-10mm.
Application of the above-mentioned special fertilizer in salt-soda soil plants economic crops.
The specific method of above application is, in 0-20cm topsoil soils salt content≤4g/kg, slight alkaline land dosage
60-80kg/ mus；0-20cm topsoil soils salt content>Dosage 100-120kg/ mus of the heavy salinized ground of 4g/kg.
The specific method of above application is, (1) to the soil texture be sand, loam and 0-20cm topsoil soils salt content≤
In 4g/kg, slight alkaline land, special fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled into soil, with rotary cultivator by it with 0-20cm soil after mixing
Cover film sowing；(2) it is sand, loam and 0-20cm topsoil soils salt content to the soil texture>4g/kg's is heavy salinized
It pours water first with the loose 0-20cm soil of rotary cultivator and arranges excess surface water after keeping flooding depth 10-15cm, 3-5 days in ground
Go out, special fertilizer is sprinkled into soil after native face falls and does, it is covered film after mixing with 0-20cm soil with rotary cultivator broadcasts
Kind；(3) it is in clay loam, clay and 0-20cm topsoil soils salt content≤4g/kg to the soil texture, slight alkaline land, it is first
Subsoiling first is carried out to surface layer 50cm deep soils with subsoiler, after special fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled into soil, with rotary cultivator by itself and 0-
20cm soil covers film sowing after mixing；(4) it is clay loam, clay and 0-20cm topsoil soils saliferous to the soil texture
Amount>4g/kg heavy salinizedly, subsoiling is carried out to surface layer 50cm deep soils with subsoiler first, pours water and keeps waterflooding deep
15-20cm is spent, excess surface water is discharged after 5-7 day, special fertilizer is sprinkled into soil after native face falls and does, with rotary cultivator by itself and 0-
20cm soil covers film sowing after mixing.
Advantageous effect：(1) accelerate improvement soil.The soil organism and water-stable aggregate content can be improved, soil is promoted
Porosity and cushion performance；In addition, salinity height, degree of base saturation height, grogs high degree of dispersion, soil texture in soil can be improved
The physicochemical characters such as difference, fast lifting soil productivity.
(2) beneficial bacterium survival rate is high.Using Bacillus globigii spores substitute bacillus subtilis, survival rate higher,
And the loose porous activity for further effectively keeping probiotics of peat soil, being avoided using living spores can after applying into soil
Viable bacteria caused by energy is dead, and living spores have the protection of peat soil in molding product, and it is microorganism to add amino acid
Metabolism provides substrate, ensures that it can be long-term survival in the soil.
(3) crop resistance is promoted.The fulvic acid of addition is as a plant growth regulators, and root-inducing powder is as plant external source
Hormone can significantly improve the salt tolerant anti-adversity ability of crop, and promotion crop emerges as early as possible under the conditions of saline and alkaline and root growth；Together
When, beneficial microbe microbial inoculum can secrete a variety of enzymes and plant hormone, improve crop superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and mistake
The activity of hydrogen oxide enzyme reduces mda content, improves the salt tolerance of crop.
(4) improve nutrient imbalance.The compound fertilizer of addition and middle trace element fertilizer have been directed to fertilizer provision from soil feature and eat certain herbaceous plants with big flowers
Nutrient uptake feature also adds micro member in boron, calcium, zinc etc. in addition to meeting the needs of food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium a large amount of nutrient elements
Plain fertilizer, avoids soil nutrient unbalance；In addition, fulvic acid can activate the nutrition such as salt-soda soil nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, manganese member with microbial bacterial agent
The addition of element, inoculating microbe changes salt-soda soil biological community structure, creates the soil for being conducive to salt-soda soil crop root growth
Earth microenvironment.
(5) multiple synergy.The improving fertilizer have been directed to the nutrient uptake feature of food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, has and improves the soil, activate microorganism, promoted
Crop salt-resistance, the cooperative effect for improving nutrient imbalance, are embodied in：It improves soil microflora and improves microorganism
Activity in the soil, and the metabolite of microorganism improves the salt tolerance of food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers root system, food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers growth is fed back in acceleration again
Soil improvement, this is benign circulating system, and more single measure has effect the effect of multiplication amplification.
The effect of main component：
Peat soil quality is loose, and unit weight is small, has flourishing pore structure and abundant surface functional group, the content of organic matter
Height, property are stablized, and have chesson, improve soil liquid manure guarantor's accumulation of energy power, soil agreegate is promoted to be formed, to geobiont
Ecology has the characteristics such as regulating and controlling effect, is conducive to microbial activities and enhances biological property.
Fulvic acid can promote plant growth as a plant growth regulators, can improve plant salt tolerance anti-adversity ability,
Itself can adjust soil pH containing compared with high organic, neutralize alkalinity, and the nutrient in activating soil and fertilizer changes salt-soda soil
Soil structure promotes the crumb structure that Zinc fractions are more stable, destroys the condition that salinity rises along capillary porosity moisture.
Compound fertilizer is by Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate according to 1:2 ratios blend, and it is special to have considered alkaline land soil fertilizer
The nutrient uptake feature of point and food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers passes through compound fertilizer specificity in particular for the feature that food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is larger to phosphorus potash fertilizer demand
Supply, has ensured the nutrient balance in salt-soda soil.
For Bacillus globigii spores instead of viable bacteria, bacillus subtilis has stability good, resistance to crowded under spore state
Pressure, preserves the advantages that facilitating at high temperature resistant, into soil after under optimum conditions, can be brought back to life by dormant state rapidly, in a short time
It is multiplied into the dominant population of high bacteria containing amount, and generates a large amount of bioactive substance improvement salt-soda soil in reproductive process.
Amino acid is by L-Trp, L-phenylalanine according to 1:1 ratio blends, and can enhance the infiltration of plant cell
Pressure prevents salt-soda soil crop cell dehydration, promotes salt tolerance of crops；Amino acid is the important nutrient source of edaphon simultaneously,
Precursor is provided for the formation and metabolism of bacillus subtilis dominant population, and plant growth regulator is synthesized by biological approach.
Root-growing agent is by heteroauxin (IAA), niacin (NAA) according to 1:1 ratio blends, heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate
Growth class conditioning agent is belonged to, methyl α-naphthyl acetate can promote salt-soda soil crop to take root and growth promotion, and heteroauxin hestening rooting, be applicable in
After crops seedling stage and Later growth, compounding crop can grow in breeding time general equilibrium.
Middle trace element fertilizer contains the elements such as boron, calcium, zinc, and food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers growth needs to absorb and takes away more amount from soil
The loss of soil nutrient is replenished in time by middle trace element fertilizer for the elements such as boron, calcium, zinc, avoids Trace Elements in Soil unbalance,
Promote to eat blooming, being solid for certain herbaceous plants with big flowers later stage simultaneously, and improves Grain yield and quality.
The proportion optimizing of above-mentioned material, and attapulgite clay is added and plants special change as food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers made of adhesive granulation
Good fertilizer, be applied to salt-soda soil have provide single-minded fertilizer efficiency, improve soil quality, improve beneficial bacterium survival rate, promoted crop resistance,
Improve the multiple effects such as nutrient imbalance；The improvement special fertilizer is using organic-inorganic composite fertilizer as core, Adsorption Concentration bacillus
Spore, amino acid and plant growth regulator are granulated using granulating disc or Squeezinggranulator, are conducive to its rule
Modelling, gently simplifiedly promotes and applies mechanization.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 plants herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and improves special fertilizer (60 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of fulvic acid, compound using different amounts heavy salinizedly
25 parts of fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, 2 parts of middle trace element fertilizer are concave-convex
6 parts of stick clay), the comparison diagram of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield is eaten after harvest.Each data point is 5 and surveys the average value for producing sample prescription；Heavy salinizedly
120kg/ mus of optimum amount, every season apply 1 time.
Fig. 2 plants herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and improves special fertilizer (60 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of fulvic acid, compound using different amounts heavy salinizedly
25 parts of fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, 2 parts of middle trace element fertilizer are concave-convex
6 parts of stick clay), the comparison diagram of soil w ater-stable aggregates content after harvest.Each data point is the average value of 3 sampling points；Weight
Optimum amount 120kg/ mus of salt-soda soil is spent, every season applies 1 time.
Fig. 3 plants herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and improves special fertilizer (60 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of fulvic acid, compound using different amounts heavy salinizedly
25 parts of fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, 2 parts of middle trace element fertilizer are concave-convex
6 parts of stick clay), the comparison diagram of soil microbe quantity after harvest.Each data point is the average value of 3 sampling points；It is heavy salinized
Optimum amount 120kg/ mus of ground, every season apply 1 time.
Fig. 4 moderate saline-alkali soil kind herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers applies different amounts and improves special fertilizer (60 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of fulvic acid, compound
25 parts of fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, 2 parts of middle trace element fertilizer are concave-convex
6 parts of stick clay), the comparison diagram of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield is eaten after harvest.Each data point is 5 and surveys the average value for producing sample prescription；Heavy salinizedly
80kg/ mus of optimum amount, every season apply 1 time.
Fig. 5 moderate saline-alkali soil kind herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers applies different amounts and improves special fertilizer (60 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of fulvic acid, compound
25 parts of fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, 2 parts of middle trace element fertilizer are concave-convex
6 parts of stick clay), the comparison diagram of soil w ater-stable aggregates content after harvest.Each data point is the average value of 3 sampling points；Weight
Optimum amount 80kg/ mus of salt-soda soil is spent, every season applies 1 time.
Fig. 6 moderate saline-alkali soil kind herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers applies different amounts and improves special fertilizer (60 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of fulvic acid, compound
25 parts of fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, 2 parts of middle trace element fertilizer are concave-convex
6 parts of stick clay), the comparison diagram of soil microbe quantity after harvest.Each data point is the average value of 3 sampling points；It is heavy salinized
Optimum amount 80kg/ mus of ground, every season apply 1 time.
Specific implementation mode
Specific embodiment below is the further explanation to the present invention, and it is not intended that present disclosure is only limitted to be lifted
The range of example.
Embodiment 1：
The typical heavy salinized obstacle arable land in In Hetao Irrigation Region.Test plot topsoil 0-20cm soil salts 6.6-
7.8g/kg, mean salt amount 7.3g/kg, pH 8.47, average content of organic matter 10.6g/kg, full nitrogen 0.78g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen
For 76.57mg/kg, available phosphorus 16.08mg/kg, available potassium 149.1mg/kg, the soil texture is clay loam.Place：The Inner Mongol
1 society of the Bayannur Hangjin Rear Banner Shandao Bridge town villages Cheng Ni, is Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region Typical Representative, and test period is 2016
June in September, -2016.Plot early period is tested as black fallow, 2015 start to plant, to eat single shortening of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, kind TY0904.
Main implementation link is as follows：
(1) prepared by Bacillus globigii spores：Bacillus subtilis flora is enlarged culture, is inoculated with into fermentation
Culture medium (0.5 part of glucose, 1.0 parts of starch, 3.0 parts of soyabean expeller, 0.03 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.02 part of magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate
0.7 part, 0.1 part of ammonium sulfate；Optimal adsorption carrier matches 5 parts of wheat bran, 0.5 part of sand, 1 part of calcium carbonate), addition accounts for fermented and cultured
The manganese sulfate that 0.02 part of base allows it to produce spore and is fermented into bacterium solution, through being separated by solid-liquid separation after mixing, utilizes bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor
Dryer carries out expansion drying (120 DEG C of inlet air temperature), and Bacillus globigii spores pulvis is made.
(2) preparation of compound fertilizer：By the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of particle diameter 1-3mm, potassium sulfate according to mass ratio 1:2 ratios blend
Uniformly.
(3) prepared by amino-acid powder：By white crystalline powder shape amino acid by L-Trp, L-phenylalanine according to quality
Than 1:The blending of 1 ratio is uniform.
(4) prepared by root-growing agent：By the heteroauxin (IAA) of white powder, niacin (NAA) according to mass ratio 1:1 ratio
Example blending is uniform.
(5) preparation of special fertilizer：First using peat soil as matrix, successively be added fulvic acid, compound fertilizer and in micro member
Plain fertilizer is simultaneously stirred；Then, Bacillus globigii spores pulvis, amino acid and root-growing agent is added, and water is added to adjust water content
To 30wt.%-35wt.%, it is granulated with granulating disc or Squeezinggranulator after mixing is again stirring for after addition attapulgite clay
Be granulated and obtains the improving fertilizer.
(6) application of special fertilizer：Since the trial zone soil texture is clay loam, topsoil soils are relatively viscous heavy and are heavy salinized
Ground carries out subsoiling with subsoiler to surface layer 50cm deep soils first, pours water (water quality is not higher than 1.5g/L) and keeps waterflooding deep
15-20cm is spent, excess surface water is discharged after 5-7 day, special fertilizer is sprinkled into soil after native face falls and does, with rotary cultivator by itself and 0-
20cm soil covers film, the wide 0.8m of film, film spacing 1.4m, and the program request oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers between 5-June 10 June after mixing.
Setting food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 4 dosage levels of special fertilizer amount to 9 processing, specific as follows：
CK (control, general planting), M1 (40kg/ mus of special fertilizer dosage), M2 (80kg/ mus of special fertilizer dosage), M3 are (special
Fertile dosage 120kg/ mus), M4 (160kg/ mus of special fertilizer dosage), F1 (with the compound fertilizer of 40kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent and in it is micro
Element fertilizer), F2 (compound fertilizer with 80kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent and middle trace element fertilizer), F3 is (with 120kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent
Compound fertilizer and middle trace element fertilizer), F4 (compound fertilizer with 160kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent and middle trace element fertilizer).
Using plot experiment mode, each processing is repeated 3 times, each repeatedly 55m2(experimental plot specification 5.5m × 10m),
Using random alignment.Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers kind TY0904,4 film of each microcell are eaten, a film duplicate rows eats certain herbaceous plants with big flowers spacing in the rows 50cm, June 8 date of seeding.Eat certain herbaceous plants with big flowers
Pure N 20kg/ mus of breeding time input.Before on-test and after measure topsoil soils organic matter, salinity, pH, full nitrogen, quick-acting
Phosphorus, available potassium, boron, zinc equal size, while soil w ater-stable aggregates and microorganism total amount are measured, and food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers production is measured after harvesting
Figureofmerit (embodiment the result is shown in Figure 1-Fig. 3 and table 1).Comparison plantation front and back soil physico-chemical property, water-stable aggregate, microorganism
Quantity and food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield find out, using special fertilizer handle topsoil soils organic matter improve 35% or more, salinity reduce by 70% with
On, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers output increased 37.2%-150.7% is eaten, micro organism quantity increases 3.8-9.3 times；From the point of view of Integrated comparative, it is suitble to severe salt
The special fertilizer economic and ecologic effets for eating to alkali certain herbaceous plants with big flowers plantation are 120kg/ mus.
It is eaten heavy salinizedly under 1 different amounts special fertilizer of table and control treatment before certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is planted and after harvest, 0~20cm topsoils
The comparison (testing for 2016) of the soil organism, salinity, pH, full nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, boron, Zn content.Each data point
For average ± SE (the significance p of 3 pedotheque measured values<0.05).Special fertilizer formula is：60 parts of peat soil, it is yellow
Rotten 5 parts of acid, 25 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, in micro member
Plain 2 parts of fertilizer, 6 parts of attapulgite clay
Embodiment 2：
The saline and alkaline obstacle arable land of In Hetao Irrigation Region typical case's moderate.Test plot topsoil 0-20cm soil salts 3.1-
3.7g/kg, mean salt amount 3.5g/kg, pH 8.56, average content of organic matter 6.87g/kg, full nitrogen 0.40g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen
For 18.2mg/kg, available phosphorus 6.98mg/kg, available potassium 271.1mg/kg, the soil texture is sandy loam.Place：Inner Mongol Cuba
4 society of man of virtue and ability's muir city Hangjin Rear Banner Shandao Bridge town villages Cheng Ni, test period are in May, 2016 in September, -2016.Continuous in recent years kind
Herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, kind TK9106.Main implementation link is as follows：
(1) prepared by Bacillus globigii spores：Bacillus subtilis flora is enlarged culture, is inoculated with into fermentation
Culture medium (0.5 part of glucose, 1.0 parts of starch, 3.0 parts of soyabean expeller, 0.03 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.02 part of magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate
0.7 part, 0.1 part of ammonium sulfate；Optimal adsorption carrier matches 5 parts of wheat bran, 0.5 part of sand, 1 part of calcium carbonate), addition accounts for fermented and cultured
The manganese sulfate that 0.02 part of base allows it to produce spore and is fermented into bacterium solution, through being separated by solid-liquid separation after mixing, utilizes bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor
Dryer carries out expansion drying (120 DEG C of inlet air temperature), and Bacillus globigii spores pulvis is made.
(2) preparation of compound fertilizer：By the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of particle diameter 1-3mm, potassium sulfate according to mass ratio 1:2 ratios blend
Uniformly.
(3) prepared by amino-acid powder：By white crystalline powder shape amino acid by L-Trp, L-phenylalanine according to quality
Than 1:The blending of 1 ratio is uniform.
(4) prepared by root-growing agent：By the heteroauxin (IAA) of white powder, niacin (NAA) according to mass ratio 1:1 ratio
Example blending is uniform.
(5) preparation of special fertilizer：First using peat soil as matrix, successively be added fulvic acid, compound fertilizer and in micro member
Plain fertilizer is simultaneously stirred；Then, Bacillus globigii spores pulvis, amino acid and root-growing agent is added, and water is added to adjust water content
To 30wt.%-35wt.%, it is granulated with granulating disc or Squeezinggranulator after mixing is again stirring for after addition attapulgite clay
Be granulated and obtains the improving fertilizer.
(6) application of special fertilizer：Special fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled into soil, is uniformly mixed it with 0-20cm soil with rotary cultivator
After cover film, the wide 0.8m of film, film spacing 1.4m, and the program request oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers between 24-June 3 May.
Setting food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 4 dosage levels of special fertilizer amount to 9 processing, specific as follows：
CK (control, general planting), M1 (40kg/ mus of special fertilizer dosage), M2 (80kg/ mus of special fertilizer dosage), M3 are (special
Fertile dosage 120kg/ mus), M4 (160kg/ mus of special fertilizer dosage), F1 (with the compound fertilizer of 40kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent and in it is micro
Element fertilizer), F2 (compound fertilizer with 80kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent and middle trace element fertilizer), F3 is (with 120kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent
Compound fertilizer and middle trace element fertilizer), F4 (compound fertilizer with 160kg/ mus of special fertilizer equivalent and middle trace element fertilizer).
Using plot experiment mode, each processing is repeated 3 times, each repeatedly 55m2(experimental plot specification 5.5m × 10m),
Using random alignment.Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers kind TK9106,4 film of each microcell are eaten, a film duplicate rows eats certain herbaceous plants with big flowers spacing in the rows 50cm, May 27 date of seeding.Food
Pure N 20kg/ mus of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers breeding time input.Topsoil soils organic matter, salinity, pH, full nitrogen, speed were measured before on-test with after
Phosphorus, available potassium, boron, zinc equal size are imitated, while measuring soil w ater-stable aggregates and microorganism total amount, and measures food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers after harvesting
Yield index (embodiment result is shown in Fig. 4-Fig. 6 and table 2).Comparison plantation front and back soil physico-chemical property, water-stable aggregate, micro- life
Object quantity and food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield are found out, improve 35% or more using the topsoil soils organic matter that special fertilizer is handled, effectively control soil
The accumulation of salt in the surface soil, eats certain herbaceous plants with big flowers output increased 42.5%-98.0%, and micro organism quantity increases 4.8-9.9 times；From the point of view of Integrated comparative, it is suitble to severe
The special fertilizer economic and ecologic effets that certain herbaceous plants with big flowers plantation is eaten in salt-soda soil are 80kg/ mus.
Under 2 different amounts special fertilizer of table and control treatment before the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers plantation of moderate saline-alkali soil food and after harvest, 0~20cm topsoils
The comparison (testing for 2016) of the soil organism, salinity, pH, full nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, boron, Zn content.Each data point
For average ± SE (the significance p of 3 pedotheque measured values<0.05).Special fertilizer formula is：60 parts of peat soil, it is yellow
Rotten 5 parts of acid, 25 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, 0.2 part of amino acid, 0.00004 part of root-growing agent, in micro member
Plain 2 parts of fertilizer, 6 parts of attapulgite clay
Claims (10)
1. a kind of special fertilizer that salt-soda soil plants economic crops, it is characterised in that by peat soil, fulvic acid, compound fertilizer, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus spores, amino acid, root-growing agent, middle trace element fertilizer and attapulgite clay composition；Wherein, the mass parts of each ingredient
Number matches：60-65 parts of peat soil, 4-6 parts of fulvic acid, 20-25 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-2 parts of Bacillus globigii spores, amino acid
0.1-0.2 parts, 0.00002-0.00004 parts of root-growing agent, middle trace element fertilizer 2-4 parts, 5-7 parts of attapulgite clay.
2. the special fertilizer that salt-soda soil plants economic crops according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Based on the peat soil
It is the natural organic plant material of turf, 60 wt.%-65 wt.% of water imbibition, water content≤20 wt.%, unit weight 0.2- to want ingredient
0.4 g/cm3, pH value 5.5-7.0, grain size 1-3mm, EC value is in soil and water quality than 1:Under conditions of 5≤and 0.3 dS/m, organic matter
≥70 wt.%；The fulvic acid is powder fulvic acid, water solubility 100%, fulvic acid under the conditions of butt >=55 wt.%, ammonia
Base acid >=2.0 wt.%, potassium oxide >=12 wt.%, pH 5-7；The compound fertilizer is by Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate according to quality
Than 1:2 blend, and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium sulfate are graininess, particle diameter 1-3 mm, the wt.% of moisture≤0.2, phosphoric acid
Diammonium ingredient N:P2O5For 18-46, sulfuric acid potassium composition K2O≥50 wt.%；The Bacillus globigii spores are spore states
Bacillus subtilis, cross the pulvis of 100 mesh, the wt.% of water content≤5, CFU/ grams of bacillus subtilis total bacteria count >=50,000,000,000,
Living spores >=30,000,000,000/gram.
3. the special fertilizer that salt-soda soil plants economic crops according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The amino acid is by L-
Tryptophan, L-phenylalanine are according to mass ratio 1:1 ratio blends, and L-Trp and L-phenylalanine are active principle content
The white crystalline powder of the wt.% of >=99 wt.%, water content≤0.3, L-Trp pH exist in 5.5-6.5, L-phenylalanine pH
5.5-6.0。
4. the special fertilizer that salt-soda soil plants economic crops according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The root-growing agent is by Yin
Indolylbutyric acid（IAA）, niacin（NAA）According to mass ratio 1:1 ratio blends, and heteroauxin is active principle content >=99
The white pulvis of the wt.% of wt.%, water content≤1, niacin is the wt.% of active principle content >=80, water content≤5 wt.%
White pulvis.
5. the special fertilizer that salt-soda soil plants economic crops according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The middle trace element
Fertilizer is the granular fertilizer of main boracic, calcium, Zn-ef ficiency, particle diameter 1-3 mm, the wt.% of boron content >=40, calcium content >=20
Wt.%, the wt.% of Zn content >=12.
6. the special fertilizer that salt-soda soil plants economic crops according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The attapulgite clay
To cross the pulvis of 300 mesh, the dispersion Mpas of viscosity >=2000, the wt.% of water content≤5, active principle content >=99 wt.%, pH exist
7-9, bulk density 0.4-0.7 g/cm3, varying index is shaken in 3.5-7.5.
7. according to the preparation method for the special fertilizer that any salt-soda soil of claim 1 ~ 6 plants economic crops, it is characterised in that：
Peat soil, fulvic acid, compound fertilizer and middle trace element fertilizer are matched into heap according to above-mentioned raw materials, stirred a heap with blender
It is even, be again stirring for mixing after Bacillus globigii spores pulvis, amino acid and root-growing agent is added, add water adjust water content to
30wt.%-35wt.%, be added attapulgite clay after be granulated with granulating disc, granular size 3-4 mm, or with extruding
Comminutor is granulated, particle size 3-10 mm.
8. application of any special fertilizers of claim 1-6 in salt-soda soil plants economic crops.
9. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In 0-20 cm topsoil soils salt content≤4g/kg, gently
Spend kg/ mus of salt-soda soil dosage 60-80；0-20 cm topsoil soils salt content>The heavy salinized ground dosage 100-120 of 4g/kg
Kg/ mus.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：
（1）It is in the g/kg of sand, loam and 0-20 cm topsoil soils salt content≤4 to the soil texture, slight alkaline land, it will
Special fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled into soil, itself and 0-20 cm soil are covered film sowing after mixing with rotary cultivator；
（2）It is sand, loam and 0-20 cm topsoil soils salt content to the soil texture>4 g/kg heavy salinizedly, first
Using the loose 0-20 cm soil of rotary cultivator, pours water and excess surface water is discharged after keeping flooding depth 10-15 cm, 3-5 days, wait for
Native face fall it is dry after special fertilizer is sprinkled into soil, itself and 0-20 cm soil are covered into film sowing after mixing with rotary cultivator；
（3）It is in the g/kg of clay loam, clay and 0-20 cm topsoil soils salt content≤4 to the soil texture, slight alkaline land,
Subsoiling is carried out to 50 cm deep soils of surface layer with subsoiler first, after special fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled into soil, with rotary cultivator by its with
0-20 cm soil covers film sowing after mixing；
（4）It is clay loam, clay and 0-20 cm topsoil soils salt content to the soil texture>4 g/kg heavy salinizedly, it is first
Subsoiling first is carried out to 50 cm deep soils of surface layer with subsoiler, pour water and keeps flooding depth 15-20 after cm, 5-7 days by ground
Area water is discharged, and special fertilizer is sprinkled into soil after native face falls and does, is covered itself and 0-20 cm soil after mixing with rotary cultivator
Lid film is sowed.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109020651A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | The fast well-fattened special fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof of salinization of soil farmland tillaging layer soil |
| CN109467488A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of salt-soda soil biological organic bacterial manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111286473A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-06-16 | 云南省微生物发酵工程研究中心有限公司 | Agricultural microbial bacterium composite inoculant and preparation method thereof |
| CN111517872A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Gypsum coated slow release fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114276183A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-04-05 | 北京正唐峪秀环境科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111286473A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-06-16 | 云南省微生物发酵工程研究中心有限公司 | Agricultural microbial bacterium composite inoculant and preparation method thereof |
| CN111517872A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Gypsum coated slow release fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111646851A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-11 | 蔡雨洵 | Yellow humic acid granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114276183A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-04-05 | 北京正唐峪秀环境科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115517042A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-12-27 | 中国农业大学 | Method for reconstructing heavy soil of plough layer of kiwi fruit orchard |
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