CN102783404A - Gulfweed proliferation and transplanting method - Google Patents
Gulfweed proliferation and transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102783404A CN102783404A CN2012102907902A CN201210290790A CN102783404A CN 102783404 A CN102783404 A CN 102783404A CN 2012102907902 A CN2012102907902 A CN 2012102907902A CN 201210290790 A CN201210290790 A CN 201210290790A CN 102783404 A CN102783404 A CN 102783404A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
The invention relates to a gulfweed proliferation and transplanting method. The method aims at the current conditions that the gulfweed resources seriously decay, and the marine ecology is damaged in the prior art, the proper gulfweed types and the sea region and intertidal zones suitable for the gulfweed to live and grow are screened, a round-table-shaped or trapezoidal cube artificial concrete attaching medium is utilized, sexual reproduction gulfweed juvenile sporophytes are used as seedling sources, the seedling sources are bound onto attaching medium grooves by a seedling clamping rope to be placed into the sea region, or fast curing cement is used for fixing the attaching medium subjected to the seedling attachment onto natural reefs based on the original ecology, the gulfweed proliferation and transplanting is carried out for recovering the natural gulfweed resources and protecting the coastal ecological environment, and the basic resources are provided for the marine ecology recovery. An artificial gulfweed field built by the method can be used for generational population reproduction, and the technical support is provided for the building of large-scale seaweed field and the marine ecology recovery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to propagation and the trasplanting method of a kind of algae, be specifically related to a kind of island in Guangdong Province sargassum propagation and trasplanting method, belong to aquaculture, ecological reestablishment field.
Background technology
Because global warming, water temperature raises, the eutrophication aggravation, and the sea area is seriously polluted; Transparency reduces, and lands used such as littoral commercial and industrial are filled out the sea and opened up wasteland, channel excavation; The human excessive collection and the high strength of weed eater are gnawed, and influences such as waste water and waste liquid blowdown of shrimp pond and coastal engineering make marine alga ecosystem environment change; Degenerate in a large amount of natural algaes field, exhaustion, and the sea jungle area dwindles, and even disappear in flakes.To the present situation of degenerating in China nature algae field, in order to protect the marine environment and to have managed littoral zone, reparation, reconstruction and construction tangleweed field receive each side and pay attention to and concern.
Sargassum is a kind of large-scale economic brown alga, and some kind frond maximum length can reach more than 7 m, and its exploitation prospect is boundless.Sargassum nature algae perches the multiple marine organisms that living in the field, also is the place that juvenile fish, small fishes are kept away enemy, forage, laid eggs.Sargassum is a kind of perennial marine alga, because fast growth, biomass are big, and the important function in the shallow-sea ecology environment, can be used as that the algae bed is rebuild, one of species of marine ecology biological restoration.
For protecting wild sargassum resource; Delay the further deterioration of coastal waters ecotope; And raw material are provided for the processing and utilization of sargassum product; The propagation that patent of the present invention has been carried out sargassum is grown with moving, to influence propagation with move key factor such as tidal level, morning and evening tides character, intensity of illumination, sediments, the harmful organisms of growing effect, increase the time of growing of moving, frond size, increase the shape of moving culturing method, adherance etc. and carried out inquiring into and analyze.Formed one and overlapped complete, feasible sargassum propagation and move the technical method of growing, the artificial repair and reconstruction that can be sargassum algae field provide technical support, finally for coastal ocean eco-environment restoration and protection effective method are provided.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the serious present situation of at present large-scale wild sargassum degeneration; Sargassum is bred and moves the method and technology of growing; Different adherances are screened; Confirm material, the shape of adherance at last and increase to move time of growing etc., can artificially repair sargassum algae field that natural waters degenerates or artificial and rebuild new sargassum algae field.
1. for realizing the purpose of foregoing invention, the sargassum propagation that the present invention takes is with to move the plantation technology method following:
A kind of sargassum breeds and moves culturing method, may further comprise the steps:
(1) selection of adherance shape
Truncated cone-shaped or trapezoidal cube adherance all are suitable for sargassum and increase that to move adhering to into of juvenile sporophyte in the process of growing or seedling alive; Circular diameter 20 cm on the truncated cone-shaped water-setting soil, following circular diameter 40 cm, high 40 cm weigh 60～75 Kg, are that the groove of an appropriate depth is respectively carved in the side at 24 cm, 30 cm and 36 cm places at the round platform mid diameter, are suitable for the binding of diameter 0.4～0.8 cm seedling rope; Wide 15 * 15 cm on the trapezoidal cube concrete block, following wide 20 * 20 cm, high 15 cm;
(2) adherance material chosen
Concrete material is easy to appearance, low price, and spatfall is effective after the immersion treatment, and is durable in use, and environmental protection and be easy to promote moves the artificial adherance of growing so selection increases as sargassum;
The selection of (3) set mode
Method one:, throw in the intertidal zone that is suitable for the sargassum growth with the adherance that notched truncated cone-shaped concrete makes up as artificial algal reef; The sargassum juvenile sporophyte that utilizes artificial sexual propagation cultivation is as the seedling source; Whenever be bundled in the truncated cone-shaped concrete adherance groove at a distance from 10 cm folder seedling with diameter 6～8 mm nylon ropes; And making rhizoid be arranged in the groove of round platform as far as possible, rhizoid firmly invests on the round platform in process of growth gradually;
Method two: the trapezoidal cube concrete block of suitable size; In indoor process immersion treatment; Alkaline matter or noxious material are overflowed, adopt hydrostatic to adopt in the indoor raising of seedling workshop and attach the sargassum juvenile sporophyte, after indoor semi-fluid water planting is educated 1～2 month; When juvenile sporophyte average body length 2 mm, be fixed on the sargassum ecosystem rock in the time of low water with accelerated cement;
(4) size of frond
Method one: artificial seedling or natural seedling that folder seedling rope is bundled in the truncated cone-shaped concrete adherance groove are advisable with 5～10 cm sizes; Both be convenient to press from both sides the seedling operation; Do not covered by mud scum after being beneficial to the input sea area again, Miao Taida is unfavorable for that the rhizoid growth is bonded to artificial adherance;
Method two: when investing the long 2 mm left and right sides of juvenile sporophyte indoor culture to body on the artificial adherance just fixedly on the rock of sea area, Miao Yueda, survival rate is high more, but the corresponding increase of indoor culture cost;
(5) breed and move the time of growing
Method one: when the suitable time in truncated cone-shaped concrete input sea area is sargassum seedling length 5～10 cm of artificial culture; Be generally and begin November; Release time is unfavorable for that rhizoid is firmly secured on the artificial adherance in the frond process of growth too late, cause frond to rot in the summer high temperature phase after; Rhizoid is prone to come off, and is unfavorable for artificial the reparation or reconstruction in sargassum algae field of nourishing and generating and keeping population by rhizoid;
Method two: being fixed in time in sea area with the adherance of artificial seedling with accelerated cement can be in July, and common artificial seedling is big more, increases that to move the time of growing more late, and survival rate is high more;
(6) place selection
The sea area that general select that the depth of water is no more than that 6 m, transparency are big, nutritive salt is abundant, mud deposit and algophagous aminal is few etc.; Method one selects communications and transportation convenient, and fouling organisms such as barnacle, Ascidian are few, and physical features is smooth, the inner bay that area is open, and offshore is nearer, and substrate is sandy or grit matter, and it is comparatively desirable that the back lowest water level that throughout the year ebbs tide does not have dry ponding area at 30～100 cm; Method two is chosen in the smooth ecosystem environment that a large amount of rocks are arranged of substrate, and morning and evening tides character is that the sea area of full-time tide is good than the semi-diurnal tides sea area, and in the time of low water set of artificial adherance being constructed and solidified so just has the longer time;
(7) management maintenance
After artificial adherance input or being fixed on the appointment sea area, should regularly observe, what the binding of folder seedling rope was become flexible should reinforce, and takes off the serious seedling of seedling and restricts and in time fill the gaps with seedlings; Should setting upright of adherance body of one who has dropped dead by the roadside; Remove aufwuch and algophagous aminal as far as possible, because of sargassum is a property marine alga for many years, when propagation or after moving the sargassum rhizoid of growing and firmly growing on the artificial adherance; Just procreation from generation to generation naturally, artificial algae field only needs low level management just can.
Described accelerated cement is a sodium silicate solution: volume ratio=0.6:1:2:0.3 of 42.5 grades of Portland cement: Sha Heshui.
Method one described sargassum kind is more suitable in rhizoid half leaf sargassum and Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch of y-bend branch repeatedly.
Said sargassum breeds and moves culturing method; Adopting truncated cone-shaped or trapezoidal cube adherance is because there is a gradient its side; Can prevent to a certain extent that the sea area sedimentation is on the sargassum seedling; Seedling is not buried and dead by mud scum, as sargassum on the natural reef distributed, the side of adherance helped sargassum and becomes to live.Select the sargassum seedling source with the sexual propagation artificial culture, can not cause artificial destruction to natural sargassum resource, sargassum sexual propagation power is strong, can satisfy to increase the demand of growing the sargassum seed of moving on a large scale.
Sargassum of the present invention breeds and moves culturing method, is the life habit according to sargassum, through exploring the natural environment envirment factor of growth down; Adopt artificial seedling source and artificial adherance, artificial with frond propagation or move and grow at natural waters, it can forever be survived; And the artificial algae field that finally takes on a certain scale, play and recover the sargassum resource, ensure the raw material supply of sargassum resources development and utilization; And improve the sea area ecotope, increase the effect of fishery resources.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: island in Guangdong Province sargassum propagation is the life habit according to the island in Guangdong Province sargassum with trasplanting method; Through exploring the natural environment envirment factor of growth down; The artificial not natural waters of this algae that frond is implanted in can forever be survived it, and the artificial algae field that finally takes on a certain scale; Play the ecotope that improves this sea area, enrich fishery resources.
Embodiment
Through instance the present invention is explained further details below, these instances only are used for explaining the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention.
1. investigate and throw in sea area marine alga distribution situation, morning and evening tides character, stained and harmful organisms situation, the sea area that select generally that the depth of water is no more than that 6 m, transparency are big, nutritive salt is abundant, mud deposit and algophagous aminal is few etc.The practical implementation place is influences such as considered tidal level, dried dew time, intensity of illumination, rainfall, turbidity, wave and base portion silt content also.
2. make adherance on the spot near being chosen in the sea area of input; Make concrete adherance mould with iron sheet; Circular diameter 20 cm on the truncated cone-shaped adherance that is shaped, following circular diameter 40 cm, high 40 cm; Weighing 60～75 Kg, is the groove that respectively there is an appropriate depth side at 24 cm, 30 cm and 36 cm places at the round platform mid diameter.Wide 15 * 15 cm on the trapezoidal cube concrete block that is shaped, following wide 20 * 20 cm, high 15 cm.
3. utilize the sexual propagation of sargassum to carry out artificial breeding, specifically be with nylon cloth seedling curtain or concrete as adherance manual pick spatfall, the indoor cultivation sporophyte seedling that combines with the sea area.
4. the sargassum seed of length 5～10 cm that cultivate on the artificial seedling curtain being connected root collects; Whenever on 2～3 polyethylene seedlings in diameter 0.4～0.8 cm of 10 cm folder seedling are restricted; Long 1.5 cm of every offspring rope; The seedling that clips seedling per 10 a bundles of restricting are put in earlier in the cement pit of seawater and support temporarily, if long the need in the pond by 1/10 m of folder seedling time
2Laying the inflation of gas stone cultivates.
5. select communications and transportation convenient, fouling organisms such as barnacle, Ascidian are few, and physical features is smooth; The inner bay that area is open, offshore is nearer, and substrate is sandy or grit matter; The back lowest water level that throughout the year ebbs tide does not have dry ponding area at 30～100 cm and has thrown in the truncated cone-shaped adherance in advance; When the lower low water of spring tide, be bundled in folder seedling rope in the adherance groove, and rhizoid is close in the groove of round platform as far as possible, rhizoid firmly invests on the round platform in process of growth gradually.If the input place of selecting is the dark inconvenience binding of water operation when lower low water, throw in after also can tying up seedling earlier, but will note the overlong time of under the sun, not being exposed to the sun in the handling process.
6. the trapezoidal cube concrete block of suitable size; In indoor process immersion treatment; Alkaline matter or noxious material are overflowed, adopt hydrostatic to adopt in the indoor raising of seedling workshop and attach the sargassum juvenile sporophyte, after indoor semi-fluid water planting is educated 1～2 month; When long 2 mm of juvenile sporophyte average body, be fixed on the sargassum ecosystem rock when the lower low water with accelerated cement (volume ratio of sodium silicate solution, 42.5 grades of Portland cements, Sha Heshui is 0.6:1:2:0.3).
7. confirming for the release time; When the suitable time in truncated cone-shaped concrete input sea area is sargassum seedling length 5～10 cm of artificial culture, be generally November, the release time too late; Be unfavorable for that rhizoid is firmly secured on the artificial adherance in the frond process of growth; After causing frond to rot in the summer high temperature phase, rhizoid is prone to come off, and influences the artificial effect of repairing or rebuilding in sargassum algae field of nourishing and generating and keeping population by rhizoid like this.Being fixed in time in sea area with the trapezoidal cube adherance of artificial seedling with accelerated cement can be in July, and common artificial seedling is big more, increases that to move the time of growing more late, and survival rate is high more.
8. after the appointment sea area is thrown in or be fixed on to artificial adherance, should regularly observe, loosening should the reinforcing of folder seedling rope binding taken off the serious seedling of seedling and restricted and in time fill the gaps with seedlings.Should setting upright of adherance body of one who has dropped dead by the roadside removed aufwuch and algophagous aminal, as far as possible like reticulate pattern barnacle, Ascidian, Turbo cornulus etc.Because of sargassum is a property marine alga for many years, when propagation or after moving the sargassum rhizoid of growing and firmly growing on the artificial adherance, just the generation multiplies naturally, artificial algae field only needs low level management just can.
Embodiment 1
Year December in January, 2010 to 2011, utilize this method to carry out the sargassum supply seed of growing seedlings, 21 mu and 20 mu of sargassum manual work oceanic pastures have been built up on Zhu Zhoudao and island, island in Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang respectively in Maoming.
Embodiment 2
Filter out the marine alga kind that half flourishing leaf sargassum of rhizoid makes up as the algae field year December in January, 2010 to 2011; Confirm the adherance that notched truncated cone-shaped concrete makes up as artificial algal reef; The seedling source that the half leaf sargassum children spore seedling of cultivating with artificial sexual propagation makes up as the algae field; After being bundled in the truncated cone-shaped concrete adherance groove with nylon rope clamp seedling, throwing at Nao Zhoudao has in the ecosystem environment of half leaf sargassum growth.The result shows that half leaf sargassum shoot survival percent is 67.2%; Young spore seedling average out to 6.5 strains of in process of growth, regenerating of each seedling source rhizoid; Long average out to 1.74 m of frond when seedling source receptacle in the first tenday period of a month in May is ripe, rhizoid growth average length can reach 3.8 cm, and artificial constructed sargassum field can be multiplied population from generation to generation; The sargassum construction method is feasible, for making up tangleweed field and marine ecology reparation technical support is provided.
Embodiment 3
On the basis that the limiting factor that influences island in Guangdong Province sargassum ecosystem sea jungle distribution is diagnosed; Year February in May, 2009 to 2011; Do to be individually fixed on the propagation rock of the selected tidal level in South Mountain, Xuwen, Zhanjiang with accelerated cement behind the adherance manual pick spore with concrete; Ecosystem is proliferated into motility rate and reaches 29.2%, observes the relatively growth and the breeding of artificial fecundation seedling and natural, ecological seedling the anniversary, and the result shows that the nature seedling grows faster than artificial fecundation seedling then; But both growths do not have significant difference (P＞0.05), and breeding period is also synchronous.Through permanent curing glue with add tripoli brick glue transplanting wild seedling, move after 2 months that to grow survival rate be 11.8%, the transplanted seedling growth then that becomes to live is slower than ecosystem nature seedling, but there is not significant difference (P＞0.05) in both.Propagation seedling beginning in the 1 year growth rate that becomes to live is identical with ecosystem nature seedling.
Claims (3)
- Sargassum propagation with move culturing method, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:(1) selection of adherance shapeTruncated cone-shaped or trapezoidal cube adherance all are suitable for sargassum and increase that to move adhering to into of juvenile sporophyte in the process of growing or seedling alive; Circular diameter 20 cm on the truncated cone-shaped concrete adherance; Following circular diameter 40 cm, high 40 cm weigh 60～75 Kg; At the round platform mid diameter is that the groove of an appropriate depth is respectively carved in the side at 24 cm, 30 cm and 36 cm places, is suitable for the binding of diameter 0.4～0.8 cm seedling rope; Wide 15 * 15 cm on the trapezoidal cube concrete block, following wide 20 * 20 cm, high 15 cm;(2) adherance material chosenConcrete material is easy to appearance, low price, and spatfall is effective after the immersion treatment, and is durable in use, and environmental protection and be easy to promote moves the artificial adherance of growing so selection increases as sargassum;The selection of (3) set modeMethod one:, throw in the intertidal zone that is suitable for the sargassum growth with the adherance that notched truncated cone-shaped concrete makes up as artificial algal reef; The sargassum juvenile sporophyte that utilizes artificial sexual propagation cultivation is as the seedling source; Whenever be bundled in the truncated cone-shaped concrete adherance groove at a distance from 10 cm folder seedling with diameter 6～8 mm nylon ropes; And rhizoid is close in the groove of round platform as far as possible, rhizoid firmly invests on the round platform in process of growth gradually;Method two: the trapezoidal cube concrete block of suitable size; In indoor process immersion treatment; Alkaline matter or noxious material are overflowed, adopt hydrostatic to adopt in the indoor raising of seedling workshop and attach the sargassum juvenile sporophyte, after indoor semi-fluid water planting is educated 1～2 month; When juvenile sporophyte average body length 2 mm, be fixed on the sargassum ecosystem rock in the time of low water with accelerated cement;(4) size of frondMethod one: artificial seedling or natural seedling that folder seedling rope is bundled in the truncated cone-shaped concrete adherance groove are advisable with 5～10 cm sizes; Both be convenient to press from both sides the seedling operation; Do not covered by mud scum after being beneficial to the input sea area again, Miao Taida is unfavorable for being bonded in the rhizoid process of growth artificial adherance;Method two: when investing the long 2 mm left and right sides of juvenile sporophyte indoor culture to body on the artificial adherance just fixedly on the rock of sea area, Miao Yueda, survival rate is high more, but the corresponding increase of indoor culture cost;(5) breed and move the time of growingMethod one: when the suitable time in truncated cone-shaped concrete input sea area is sargassum seedling length 5～10 cm of artificial culture; Be generally and begin November; Release time is unfavorable for that rhizoid is firmly secured on the artificial adherance in the frond process of growth too late, cause frond to rot in the summer high temperature phase after; Rhizoid is prone to come off, and is unfavorable for artificial the reparation or reconstruction in sargassum algae field of nourishing and generating and keeping population by rhizoid;Method two: being fixed in time in sea area with the adherance of artificial seedling with accelerated cement can be in July, and common artificial seedling is big more, increases that to move the time of growing more late, and survival rate is high more;(6) place selectionThe sea area that general select that the depth of water is no more than that 6 m, transparency are big, nutritive salt is abundant, mud deposit and algophagous aminal is few etc.; Method one selects communications and transportation convenient, and fouling organisms such as barnacle, Ascidian are few, and physical features is smooth, the inner bay that area is open, and offshore is nearer, and substrate is sandy or grit matter, and it is comparatively desirable that the back lowest water level that throughout the year ebbs tide does not have dry ponding area at 30～100 cm; Method two is chosen in the smooth ecosystem environment that a large amount of rocks are arranged of substrate, and morning and evening tides character is that the sea area of full-time tide is good than the semi-diurnal tides sea area, and in the time of low water set of artificial adherance being constructed and solidified so just has the longer time;(7) management maintenanceAfter artificial adherance input or being fixed on the appointment sea area, should regularly observe, what the binding of folder seedling rope was become flexible should reinforce, and takes off the serious seedling of seedling and restricts and in time fill the gaps with seedlings; Should setting upright of adherance body of one who has dropped dead by the roadside; Remove aufwuch and algophagous aminal as far as possible, because of sargassum is a property marine alga for many years, when propagation or after moving the sargassum rhizoid of growing and firmly growing on the artificial adherance; Just procreation from generation to generation naturally, artificial algae field only needs low level management just can.
- 2. a kind of sargassum according to claim 1 breeds and moves culturing method, and it is characterized in that: described accelerated cement is a sodium silicate solution: volume ratio=0.6:1:2:0.3 of 42.5 grades of Portland cement: Sha Heshui.
- 3. a kind of sargassum propagation according to claim 1 with move culturing method and it is characterized in that: method one described sargassum kind is more suitable in rhizoid half leaf sargassum and Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch of y-bend branch repeatedly.
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| CN103141371A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-12 | 广东海洋大学 | Transplanting and cultivating method for gulfweed on rock |
| CN103270931A (en) * | 2013-05-12 | 2013-09-04 | 大连海洋大学 | Manufacturing method of artificial algae farm |
| CN103392584A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-11-20 | 中国海洋大学 | Seedling breeding method using asparagus spores |
| CN103444505A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Method for propagating sargassum thunbergii in intertidal zones |
| CN103843653A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-11 | 曾建 | High-quality high-yield seedling culture method of undaria pinnatifida |
| CN104663419A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-06-03 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Gulfweed transplanting method based on juvenile sporophyte adhesion function |
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| CN105961180A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-28 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Algae spore underwater spraying equipment with seabed attachment cleaning function |
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| CN106719186A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of attachment base suitable for northern oyster culture long and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103141371A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-12 | 广东海洋大学 | Transplanting and cultivating method for gulfweed on rock |
| CN103141371B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 广东海洋大学 | Transplanting and cultivating method for gulfweed on rock |
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