CN103979684A - Ecological restoration method for bottom-cultured Cyclina sinensis at beach - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for bottom-cultured Cyclina sinensis at beach Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103979684A CN103979684A CN201410171749.2A CN201410171749A CN103979684A CN 103979684 A CN103979684 A CN 103979684A CN 201410171749 A CN201410171749 A CN 201410171749A CN 103979684 A CN103979684 A CN 103979684A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- content
- beach
- clam
- less
- impaired
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Landscapes
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses an ecological restoration method for bottom-cultured Cyclina sinensis at beach. The present invention includes: (1) selecting a damaged beach prepared for ecological restoration; (2) selecting Cyclina sinensisas a species for ecological restoration of the damaged beach; (3) putting a number of Cyclina sinensis fingerlings to the damaged beach and breeding; (4) checking out whether the toxic and hazardous substances in sediment environment meet conditions or not after the batch of Cyclina sinensis fingerlings is bred and harvested; and (5) if at least one toxic and hazardous substance in the sediment environment detected in step (4) does not meet the conditions, repeating steps (3) and (4). If the toxic and hazardous substances in the sediment environment detected in step (4) meet the conditions, the ecological restoration of the damaged beach is completed. The method adopts an ecological restoration method to repair the damaged beach, recovers the beach ecosystem, reduces the pollution degree of water body, as well as generates aquaculture economic benefits, thereby achieving the goals of ecological protection of the marine beach and the sustainable economic development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of restorative procedure of the ecosystem, be specifically related to a kind of beach ecological restoring method.
Background technology
Marine environment and resource has important ecological and society, economic worth.In recent years, long-term high-intensity mankind's activity has aggravated the degree of pollution of the sea, the uncontrolled discharge of the agricultural effluent such as culturing pool, rice field and industry and mining sewage and sanitary sewage, make the marine eco-environment suffer serious destruction, the ecological functions of Partial Sea Area weaken greatly, and natural wetland reduces, ecotope sharply worsens, species diversity reduction etc., makes it lose due society, economy, ecology, environmental functional, also have influence on surrounding enviroment, even jeopardize the public's health.Ocean water body pollutes has become a global environmental problem being on the rise.Therefore, ocean environment is badly in need of carrying out Comprehensive Restoration of The Eco-environment, and destroyed ocean environment is repaired, and promotes its Sustainable development and ecological safety.
Bioremediation technology (Bioremediation) is the environment pollution treatment technology growing up the eighties in last century, refer to the pollutent in contaminated environment, under natural condition or controllable environment condition by the life Metabolic activity effect of (comprising plant, animal, microorganism, mutant and genetically engineered transformant etc.) of various biologies, absorb, shift, transform and be degraded to non-toxic substance or murder by poisoning reduces, thereby purifying water body, a kind of biopurification process that the ecosystem that degenerate or destruction is recovered.It is according to ecotoxicology and trophodynamics ultimate principle, utilizes biological going to repair the pollutent in contaminated environment or elimination environment, is a up-and-coming environmental pollution treatment technology just having risen, and is the improvement technological line of a current innovation.
As the hydrobiological shellfish of filter-feeding, compare the stronger hypoxia-resistant capacity of tool with other filter-feeding fishes, be more suitable for the instrument kind as water surrounding restoration of the ecosystem.Shellfish filter food system is very flourishing, as the filter food rate of mussel can reach 5L/ (gh), can utilize plant plankton and the organic debris in overlying water (being covered in the water layer on marine bottom sediment) and even whole waters, thereby effectively reduce suspended substance and the algae in water body.Shellfish can produce various biological impact to substrate, can be used as conventional ecotope and repairs biological.Use shellfish to control algae concentration, regulation and control water quality, become an important development direction utilizing biological regulation and control ecotope.
Clam (Cyclina sinesis), be distributed in the tideland of the coastal and river mouth bank in China north and south, live in nearly high tidal region and midtidal region silt beach more, a kind of wide temperature, eurysalinity shellfish, the subject range of salinity is proportion 1.005～1.030, and optimum proportion is 1.10～1.025.Fine and tender taste is delicious, and nutritious, body contains the content of the trace element of multiple needed by human body, particularly iron up to 194.25mg/kg, is one of high-quality marine shellfish, is also the seafood product of liking along seafood crowd.
The adaptability of clam is stronger, has certain stain resistance.Requirement to substrate is wider, and rough sand, silt, silty sand can be grown.Perch in trend long-distancely, water quality is clear more, has fresh water to flow into, and benthic diatom is than in the silt on more rich nearly high tidal region and midtidal region top.Shell look and the bottom environment of clam are closely related, containing the many substrate shell looks of mud be black, silt mostly is white.Its degree of depth of burying of dwelling is difference to some extent with season, Individual Size and substrate situation, and the general degree of depth is 9～16cm.
Clam is filter-feeding shellfish, and the shellfish of natural waters mainly be take benthic diatom as main, the part of also ingesting organic debris, copepods deformed limb etc.After March, clam ingests vigorously gradually, and growth is very fast, and optimum growth water temperature is 24～30 degree, and the kind of food is not had to strict selectivity.
Therefore, utilize the life habit of clam, at suitable impaired beach, carry out restoration of the ecosystem, not only can play repair, keep waters wild population amount impaired beach, can also produce certain economic benefit.
Utilizing interbiotic interaction in aquatic ecosystem, form benign cycle and cut down pollutent, accelerate the recovery of the ecosystem, promote the Sustainable development of environment, is the effective ways that solve environmental pollution.Under the day by day serious background of global ocean environmental destruction, shellfish bioremediation technology will more and more come into one's own, and benthic mollusca is repaired marine eco-environment technical study and had great theoretical investigation value and bright practice exploitation and application prospect.
Therefore,, in order to keep fishing resources to utilize Sustainable development, to guarantee marine ecology safety, provide a kind of ecological restoring method of impaired beach to become urgent problem in the industry.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are just to overcome the defect of prior art; the ecological restoring method of broadcasting clam at the bottom of a kind of beach is provided; the method can be repaired impaired beach by the mode of restoration of the ecosystem; recover the ecosystem of beach; alleviate the pollution level of water body; produce certain aquaculture economic benefit simultaneously, realize the ecological protection of Marine shoal and economic Sustainable development.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides the ecological restoring method of broadcasting clam at the bottom of a kind of beach, comprise the following steps: (1), selecting water temperature range is 2～28 ℃, salinity is 18 ‰～38 ‰, water pH value is 7.7～8.3, water body content of inorganic nitrogen in is 0.3～0.9mg/L, water body reactive phosphate content is 0.03～0.09mg/L, and the hazardous and noxious substances in bottom environment meets following content beach one of at least for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem: total mercury content 0.2～0.8mg/kg, cadmium content 0.5～1mg/kg, copper content 30～60mg/kg, zinc content 150～300mg/kg, lead content 50～100mg/kg, chromium content 50～100mg/kg, arsenic content 20～60mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content 0.02～0.1mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content 0.5～1mg/kg, (2), select clam as impaired beach being carried out to the species of restoration of the ecosystem, (3), at impaired beach, throw in a collection of offsprings of blue clams and be bred as, (4), after this batch of offsprings of blue clams is bred as results, whether the hazardous and noxious substances detecting in bottom environment meets following all conditions: total mercury content is less than 0.2mg/kg, cadmium content and is less than 0.5mg/kg, copper content and is less than 30mg/kg, zinc content and is less than 150mg/kg, lead content and is less than 50mg/kg, chromium content and is less than 50mg/kg, arsenic content and is less than that 20mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content are less than 0.02mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content is less than 0.5mg/kg, and (5) are ineligible if detect in bottom environment at least one hazardous and noxious substances in step (4), repeating step (3) and (4), if detect in step (4), in bottom environment, all hazardous and noxious substances is all eligible, and impaired beach restoration of the ecosystem completes.
Selectively, the impaired beach of preparing restoration of the ecosystem also can be definite like this: species diversity compared with significantly reducing former years, economic benefit is badly damaged, total nitrogen and total phosphorous exceed GB/T18407.4 in water surrounding and bottom environment standard, and, suitablely put clam in a suitable place to breed and should meet the requirement of DB13/T932-2008 as the breeding environment condition of repairing kind, trend is unimpeded, stormy waves compared with little, harmful organisms is few, biological abundant, smooth nearly high tidal region and the midtidal region beach of physical features of benthic algae; Requirement beach face is smooth, and substrate is soft, and substrate type can be expanded as the complete husky end.Water temperature-1～30 ℃, salinity 15 ‰～40 ‰, pH value is 7.5～8.5.
Preferably, the clam that further comprises random sampling observation incubation results in step (3), to determine whether to meet pollution-free food standard, if the clam being bred as does not meet pollution-free food standard, carries out buried method nuisanceless disposal.For example, according to the production standard of NY5288-2006 pollution-free food clam, the clam of results is detected, detect qualified product and carry out list marketing, detect after underproof product is gathered and carry out harmless treatment.
Preferably, in step (3), be further included in impaired beach hurdle net is set, offsprings of blue clams is thrown in hurdle web area, with the toxic clam that avoids repairing after beach, to periphery, spread.
Preferably, in step (1), selecting water temperature range is 5～25 ℃, salinity is 20 ‰～30 ‰, water pH value is 7.8～8.2, water body content of inorganic nitrogen in is 0.35～0.5mg/L, water body reactive phosphate content is 0.035～0.045mg/L, and the hazardous and noxious substances in bottom environment meets following content beach one of at least for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem: total mercury content 0.3～0.6mg/kg, cadmium content 0.6～0.8mg/kg, copper content 35～55mg/kg, zinc content 160～250mg/kg, lead content 60～90mg/kg, chromium content 60～90mg/kg, arsenic content 30～50mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content 0.03～0.09mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content 0.6～0.9mg/kg.
Preferably, in step (5), when detecting water body content of inorganic nitrogen in, be less than 0.3mg/L, water body reactive phosphate content is less than 0.03mg/L, and the hazardous and noxious substances detecting in bottom environment meets following all conditions, determine that impaired beach restoration of the ecosystem completes: total mercury content is less than 0.15mg/kg, cadmium content is less than 0.4mg/kg, copper content is less than 25mg/kg, zinc content is less than 130mg/kg, lead content is less than 40mg/kg, chromium content is less than 40mg/kg, arsenic content is less than 15mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content is less than 0.015mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content is less than 0.4mg/kg.
Selectively, in step (1), further select that trend is unimpeded, stormy waves is little, harmful organisms is few, biological abundant, the nearly high tidal region that physical features is smooth of benthic algae and midtidal region beach be for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem.
Selectively, in step (3), further comprise and select the healthy seedling that shell length is 1～2.5cm, the input density of seed is 100～200/m
2.Preferably, further selecting shell length is the healthy seedling of 2～2.5cm, and the input density of seed is 120～150/m
2.
Selectively, in step (3), 4～May of spring, throw in offsprings of blue clams.Preferably, select the dry dew of beach face and will throw at the incoming tide offsprings of blue clams.
As a kind of alternative scheme, the ecological restoring method of broadcasting clam at the bottom of a kind of beach is provided, the method is applicable to, with clam, impaired beach is carried out to restoration of the ecosystem, the clam of cultivation is carried out to results simultaneously and obtain economic benefit, repaired impaired beach, realize again economic extra earning, can improve raiser's cultivation wish; The method comprises the determining of impaired beach, seed is put mode in a suitable place to breed, seed aquaculture management and four steps of clam results.
1. determining of impaired beach: impaired beach is that species diversity is low, inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate content exceed in Seawater Quality Standards inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate content (being respectively≤0.30mg/L≤0.030mg/L) in Equations of The Second Kind water quality standard in deficiency in economic performance, water surrounding; The beach being polluted is because deficiency in economic performance, species diversity are low, raiser often can be at this region aquatic, thereby the state of impaired beach cannot comparatively fast be recovered, and use manual type to cultivate clam, can carry out restoration of the ecosystem to impaired beach, can comparatively fast improve the ecotope of impaired beach.
In the present invention, suitable clam carries out the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem and is: the breeding environment condition of impaired beach meets the requirement of DB13/T932-2008 clam mudflat aquaculture technical specifications, beach is that trend is unimpeded, stormy waves is little, harmful organisms is few, biological abundant, smooth nearly high tidal region and the midtidal region beach of physical features of benthic algae, benthic algae provides food for clam, the harmful organisms of clam can guarantee preferably breeding process of clam less, improves the economic benefit of clam cultivation; The beach face of beach is smooth, and substrate is soft, and substrate type is sandy, full shale or husky shale entirely, and the beach that substrate is soft can meet the life requirement of clam, can comparatively be easy to slip in substrate sunburn and dead after avoiding ebbing tide; Water temperature range is-1～30 ℃, salinity is 15 ‰～40 ‰, the pH value of water body is 7.5～8.5, because the water condition of clam suitable growth is wider, so can use clam to carry out restoration of the ecosystem and cultivation operation in the most of beach of China, improve the ecotope of beach on a large scale, degraded water pollutant.
2. seed is put mode in a suitable place to breed: seed is selected not damaged, shell is glossy, be quick on the draw, physique is strong, shell is long is 2cm～2.5cm healthy seedling; 4～May of spring, throw at impaired shoal area, during 4～May, water temperature gos up, and the phycophyta in water body starts raised growth, and sufficient material object and growing environment preferably can be provided for the growth of clam; The input density of seed is 100～180/m
2; Checking by experiment, seed density is 100～180/m
2time, the upgrowth situation of clam is better, and preferred seedling density is 120～150/m
2; When seed is thrown in, select the weather sunny, stormy waves is little, at the beach face of impaired beach, do and reveal and will at the incoming tide, seed evenly be sowed in being repaired the scope of beach delineation; Be repaired beach edge block is set, block can be by clam delineation in FX, prevents that clam from wafing with seawater, causes economic loss and the reduction of repairing effect;
3. seed aquaculture management: clam is sowed in month after beach and forbids to trample, tramples and can damage offsprings of blue clams, affect the economic benefit that clam cultivates; Managerial personnel are evenly dispersed into the clam of piling up on block limit because of flood tide and repair district afterwards on the ebb, keep the distribution of clam in reparation district comparatively even; Make regular check on clam growing state, death state, stand density and keep a record, according to the cultivation growth conditions of inspection situation judgement clam, improve the fanning economics of clam, at the cultivation growth conditions of clam, occur when abnormal, take in time counter-measure, reduce financial loss.
4. clam is gathered in the crops: according to the upgrowth situation of clam, CONCHA MERETRICIS SEU CYCLINAE length can be gathered in the crops more than 3.0～3.5cm; Harvest time is beyond 7～August of nursery stage, and the clam of nursery stage is not easy to results because meat quality is poor; According to the production standard of NY5288-2006 pollution-free food clam, the clam of results is detected, detect qualified product and carry out list marketing, detect after underproof product is gathered and carry out harmless treatment.
The standard of pollution-free food clam of take is foundation, if there is corresponding index to exceed pollution-free food standard after sampling Detection, needs to carry out harmless treatment, mainly with buried method, processes.Away from Residential areas, water source, flood diversion zone and traffic main artery, must not be for agriculture production, and should avoid the public visual field, tool is clear to be indicated.The overlying soil thickness of waste pit should be not less than 1.5m, hole end place mat unslaked lime.The position in hole and type should be conducive to flood control and avoid animal to take off plane.The clam that will exceed standard is placed in behind hole, above spreads unslaked lime, and thickness is not less than 2cm, then is covered to and around maintains an equal level with soil.Banket too unreal, in order to avoid the rotten aerogenesis of corpse causes bubble to emerge and fluid seepage.
The present invention is in order efficiently to gather in the crops the clam that meets results condition, and preferably technical scheme has, and in the 4th step, the harvesting method of clam results is, when the dry dew of beach face, with tooth harrow rake, get or manually take, by the clam results that satisfy condition, the clam that size is not enough is put back to beach, continued growth.
The present invention is in order to guarantee the survival rate of offsprings of blue clams, improve the economic benefit of clam cultivation, preferably technical scheme also has, second step seed is put in a suitable place to breed in mode step, the transportation of seed adopts Automobile Transportation, and seed is packed in woven bag, maintains the circulation of air in transit, and spray a small amount of seawater to seed, avoid sunlight to be exposed to the sun.
The present invention is in order further to improve the economic benefit of clam cultivation, guarantee the Fast Growth of clam, preferably technical scheme also has, in step 1 suitable clam to carry out the water temperature range of the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem be 24～30 ℃, in the water body of 24～30 ℃, the speed of growth of clam is very fast, and clam all can survive in the water temperature range of-1～30 ℃, so, can within the scope of big area, use clam to carry out beach restoration of the ecosystem.
The present invention, in order further to improve the speed of growth of clam, keeps preferably seedling density, and preferably technical scheme also has, and the input density of seed is 120～150/m
2.
The present invention produces the disadvantageous effect to environment in order to reduce clam, preferably technical scheme also has, the harmless treatment mode of in step 4, defective clam being carried out is landfill disposal, landfill disposal can be processed defective clam by effective, harmless, reduces defective clam to the pollution of environment and disadvantageous effect.
Definite foundation of the key technical indexes in the present invention:
1, substrate is selected:
Researchist sets different substrate types in laboratory: sandy, full shale, husky shale (the mass ratio 1:1 of Sha Yuni), husky shale (the mass ratio 2:1 of Sha Yuni), husky shale (the mass ratio 1:2 of Sha Yuni) entirely, test clam is at the Diving Time of different substrate types, each substrate type is established 4 repetitions, and each repeats 10 clams.Result shows, clam Diving Time and substrate type are irrelevant, and only relevant to the fitness to substrate, clam is about 30min in the time of slipping into completely of different substrates.Therefore definite recoverable substrate type of clam is expanded as the complete husky end.
2, offsprings of blue clams specification is selected:
According to being repaired region water quality monitoring (WQM) result, the surviving rate of offsprings of blue clams of take is that seed size selects foundation, select the clam of the long 1cm～1.5cm of shell, the long 1.5cm～2.0cm of shell, the long 2cm～2.5cm of shell to select research object as specification, when putting clam surviving rate in a suitable place to breed 70% when above, the reparation specification that is defined as its suitable use is the long 2cm～2.5cm of shell.
3, density is selected:
Repairing on the definite basis of specification, according to being repaired N in the water quality of region, P content and planktonic organism abundance, setting 3 groups and repair density: 100～120/m2,120～150/m
2, 150～200/m
2.Determine that clam is 120～150/m in the density of repairing district
2time clam can obtain larger growth.
4, adopt and catch product treatment
Establishment group scientific and technical personnel reach the above clam of 3.0～3.5cm to shell and carry out random sampling, and other indexs such as clam endotrophic index and heavy metal are detected, meet that it is qualified without the confirmation request of public food clam, can go on the market, confirm that the clam of sampling does not meet the requirement of pollution-free food clam, the clam of repairing district is adopted after catching and carries out harmless treatment, in order to avoid cause secondary pollution.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are: method of the present invention utilizes clam to carry out restoration of the ecosystem to impaired beach, not only can effectively improve the ecosystem of impaired beach, reduce the pollutent in water body, improve the species diversity of the ecosystem, qualified clam can be gathered in the crops rear sale simultaneously, produce certain economic benefit, so the inventive method has economic benefit and environmental benefit simultaneously, there is larger promotional value; Method of the present invention adopts clam as the species of restoration of the ecosystem, because clam can be at the water tumor growth of-1～30 ℃, in different substrates, also can better grow, its requirement to envrionment conditions is lower, and can adapt to the low oxygen content in impaired beach, can meet the reparation requirement of impaired beach, having possessed can be in the ability of the most of beach growth of China, can promote the use of on a large scale, reduce the pollution of water body; Method of the present invention cultivates clam in strict accordance with the countries such as production standard and the industry standard of NY5288-2006 pollution-free food clam, guaranteed that clam product has higher security, underproof clam is taked to harmless treatment simultaneously, reduced environmental pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow sheet of broadcasting the ecological restoring method of clam at the bottom of beach of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to non-limiting example, further illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Please refer to accompanying drawing 1, the ecological restoring method of broadcasting clam at the bottom of beach of the present invention comprises the following steps: select to prepare restoration of the ecosystem impaired beach S100, select clam as restoration of the ecosystem species S200, throw in offsprings of blue clams and be bred as whether S300, bottom environment detect eligible S400 and impaired beach restoration of the ecosystem completes S500.
At step S100, selecting water temperature range is 2～28 ℃, salinity is 18 ‰～38 ‰, water pH value is 7.7～8.3, water body content of inorganic nitrogen in is 0.3～0.9mg/L, water body reactive phosphate content is 0.03～0.09mg/L, and the hazardous and noxious substances in bottom environment meets following content beach one of at least for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem: total mercury content 0.2～0.8mg/kg, cadmium content 0.5～1mg/kg, copper content 30～60mg/kg, zinc content 150～300mg/kg, lead content 50～100mg/kg, chromium content 50～100mg/kg, arsenic content 20～60mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content 0.02～0.1mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content 0.5～1mg/kg.In addition, can select that trend is unimpeded, stormy waves is little, harmful organisms is few, biological abundant, the nearly high tidal region that physical features is smooth of benthic algae and midtidal region beach be for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem.
At step S200, the healthy offsprings of blue clams that selection shell length is 2～2.5cm is as impaired beach being carried out to the species of restoration of the ecosystem.
At step S300, at impaired beach, to throw in a collection of offsprings of blue clams and be bred as, the input density of seed is 120～150/m
2.At impaired beach, hurdle net is set, offsprings of blue clams is thrown in hurdle web area, with the toxic clam that avoids repairing after beach, to periphery, spread.Throw in offsprings of blue clams annual 4～May of spring, and select the dry dew of beach face and will throw at the incoming tide offsprings of blue clams.After offsprings of blue clams incubation, the clam that random sampling observation is bred as results, to determine whether to meet pollution-free food standard, if the clam of incubation does not meet pollution-free food standard, carries out buried method nuisanceless disposal.If meet pollution-free food standard, can list marketing.
At step S400, after this batch of offsprings of blue clams is bred as results, whether the hazardous and noxious substances detecting in bottom environment meets following all conditions: total mercury content is less than 0.2mg/kg, cadmium content and is less than 0.5mg/kg, copper content and is less than 30mg/kg, zinc content and is less than 150mg/kg, lead content and is less than 50mg/kg, chromium content and is less than 50mg/kg, arsenic content and is less than that 20mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content are less than 0.02mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content is less than 0.5mg/kg.
At step S500, if it is ineligible to detect in bottom environment at least one hazardous and noxious substances in step S400, repeating step S300 and S400; If detect in step S400, in bottom environment, all hazardous and noxious substances is all eligible, and impaired beach restoration of the ecosystem completes.
Embodiment 2
It is to broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam at the bottom of beach that the present invention adopts technical scheme, and the method is applicable to, with clam, impaired beach is carried out to restoration of the ecosystem; The method comprises the determining of impaired beach, seed is put mode in a suitable place to breed, seed aquaculture management and four steps of clam results.Four step concrete operations of the method are:
1. determining of impaired beach: impaired beach is that species diversity is low, total nitrogen and total phosphorous exceed the beach of the nuisanceless fishery products home environment of GB/T18407.4 agricultural product security quality requirement in deficiency in economic performance, water surrounding and bottom environment;
In the present invention, suitable clam carries out the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem and is: the breeding environment condition of impaired beach meets the requirement of DB13/T932-2008 clam mudflat aquaculture technical specifications, and beach is that trend is unimpeded, stormy waves is little, harmful organisms is few, biological abundant, smooth nearly high tidal region and the midtidal region beach of physical features of benthic algae; The beach face of beach is smooth, and substrate is soft, and substrate type is husky shale, sandy, argillo arenaceous or full shale all can entirely; Water temperature range is-1～30 ℃, and salinity range is 15 ‰～40 ‰, and the pH value scope of water body is 7.5～8.5;
2. seed is put mode in a suitable place to breed: seed is selected not damaged, shell is glossy, be quick on the draw, physique is strong, the long scope of shell is 2cm～2.5cm healthy seedling; 4～May of spring, throw at impaired shoal area; The input density of seed is 140/m
2; When seed is thrown in, select the weather sunny, stormy waves is little, at the beach face of impaired beach, do and reveal and will at the incoming tide, seed evenly be sowed in being repaired the scope of beach delineation; Be repaired beach edge block is set; The transportation of seed adopts Automobile Transportation, and seed is packed in woven bag, maintains the circulation of air in transit, and sprays a small amount of seawater to seed, avoids sunlight to be exposed to the sun.
3. seed aquaculture management: clam is sowed in month after beach and forbids to trample, managerial personnel will evenly be dispersed into because of the clam that flood tide is piled up on block limit and repair district afterwards on the ebb; Make regular check on clam growing state, death state, stand density and keep a record;
4. clam is gathered in the crops: according to the upgrowth situation of clam, CONCHA MERETRICIS SEU CYCLINAE length can be gathered in the crops more than 3.0cm; Harvest time is beyond 7～August of nursery stage; According to the production standard of NY5288-2006 pollution-free food clam, the clam of results is detected, detect qualified product and carry out list marketing, detect after underproof product is gathered and carry out harmless treatment.Harvesting method is for doing and reveal with manually taking at beach face.The harmless treatment mode that defective clam is carried out is landfill disposal.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, the present invention is in order further to improve the culture efficiency of clam, and preferably embodiment also has, and the input density of seed is 125/m
2; CONCHA MERETRICIS SEU CYCLINAE length is gathered in the crops more than 3.5cm; Other parts are identical with embodiment 1.
Although described the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail at this; but should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the concrete structure of describing in detail and illustrating here; in the situation that not departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, can by those skilled in the art, be realized other modification and variant, these modification and variant also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. at the bottom of beach, broadcast an ecological restoring method for clam, comprise the following steps:
(1), selecting water temperature range is 2～28 ℃, salinity is 18 ‰～38 ‰, water pH value is 7.7～8.3, water body content of inorganic nitrogen in is 0.3～0.9mg/L, water body reactive phosphate content is 0.03～0.09mg/L, and the hazardous and noxious substances in bottom environment meets following content beach one of at least for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem: total mercury content 0.2～0.8mg/kg, cadmium content 0.5～1mg/kg, copper content 30～60mg/kg, zinc content 150～300mg/kg, lead content 50～100mg/kg, chromium content 50～100mg/kg, arsenic content 20～60mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content 0.02～0.1mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content 0.5～1mg/kg,
(2), select clam as impaired beach being carried out to the species of restoration of the ecosystem;
(3), at impaired beach, throw in a collection of offsprings of blue clams and be bred as;
(4), after this batch of offsprings of blue clams is bred as results, whether the hazardous and noxious substances detecting in bottom environment meets following all conditions: total mercury content is less than 0.2mg/kg, cadmium content and is less than 0.5mg/kg, copper content and is less than 30mg/kg, zinc content and is less than 150mg/kg, lead content and is less than 50mg/kg, chromium content and is less than 50mg/kg, arsenic content and is less than that 20mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content are less than 0.02mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content is less than 0.5mg/kg; And
(5) ineligible if detect in bottom environment at least one hazardous and noxious substances in step (4), repeating step (3) and (4); If detect in step (4), in bottom environment, all hazardous and noxious substances is all eligible, and impaired beach restoration of the ecosystem completes.
2. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 1, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, the clam that further comprises random sampling observation incubation results in step (3) is to determine whether to meet pollution-free food standard, if be bred as the clam of results, do not meet pollution-free food standard, carry out buried method nuisanceless disposal.
3. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 1, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, in step (3), be further included in impaired beach hurdle net is set, offsprings of blue clams is thrown in hurdle web area, with the toxic clam that avoids repairing after beach, to periphery, spread.
4. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 1, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, in step (1), selecting water temperature range is 5～25 ℃, salinity is 20 ‰～30 ‰, water pH value is 7.8～8.2, water body content of inorganic nitrogen in is 0.35～0.5mg/L, water body reactive phosphate content is 0.035～0.045mg/L, and the hazardous and noxious substances in bottom environment meets following content beach one of at least for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem: total mercury content 0.3～0.6mg/kg, cadmium content 0.6～0.8mg/kg, copper content 35～55mg/kg, zinc content 160～250mg/kg, lead content 60～90mg/kg, chromium content 60～90mg/kg, arsenic content 30～50mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content 0.03～0.09mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content 0.6～0.9mg/kg.
5. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 1, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, in step (5), when detecting water body content of inorganic nitrogen in, be less than 0.3mg/L, water body reactive phosphate content is less than 0.03mg/L, and the hazardous and noxious substances detecting in bottom environment meets following all conditions, determine that impaired beach restoration of the ecosystem completes: total mercury content is less than 0.15mg/kg, cadmium content is less than 0.4mg/kg, copper content is less than 25mg/kg, zinc content is less than 130mg/kg, lead content is less than 40mg/kg, chromium content is less than 40mg/kg, arsenic content is less than 15mg/kg, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane content is less than 0.015mg/kg, phenyl-hexachloride content is less than 0.4mg/kg.
6. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 1, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, in step (1), further select that trend is unimpeded, stormy waves is little, harmful organisms is few, biological abundant, the nearly high tidal region that physical features is smooth of benthic algae and midtidal region beach be for preparing the impaired beach of restoration of the ecosystem.
7. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 1, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, in step (3), further comprise and select the healthy seedling that shell length is 1～2.5cm, the input density of seed is 100～200/m
2.
8. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 7, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, further selecting shell length is the healthy seedling of 2～2.5cm, and the input density of seed is 120～150/m
2.
9. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 1, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, in step (3), 4～May of spring, throw in offsprings of blue clams.
10. at the bottom of beach as claimed in claim 9, broadcast the ecological restoring method of clam, it is characterized in that, select the dry dew of beach face and will throw at the incoming tide offsprings of blue clams.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410171749.2A CN103979684A (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2014-04-25 | Ecological restoration method for bottom-cultured Cyclina sinensis at beach |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410171749.2A CN103979684A (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2014-04-25 | Ecological restoration method for bottom-cultured Cyclina sinensis at beach |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103979684A true CN103979684A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
Family
ID=51271889
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410171749.2A Pending CN103979684A (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2014-04-25 | Ecological restoration method for bottom-cultured Cyclina sinensis at beach |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103979684A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104196058A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-10 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | Coal mining subsidence water area heavy metal treatment method |
| CN105850788A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-08-17 | 通威股份有限公司 | Water fertilizing method for large-water-surface pond culture |
| CN112075366A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Efficient yellow Bohai sea intertidal zone mudflat cultivation method for native groups in northern regions of Ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN115488146A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-20 | 河南大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal in tidal flat land based on animals and plants |
-
2014
- 2014-04-25 CN CN201410171749.2A patent/CN103979684A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 叶朝庚等: "青蛤的生态习性及滩地放养 ", 《苏盐科技》 * |
| 叶朝庚等: "青蛤的生态习性及滩地放养", 《苏盐科技》, no. 02, 31 December 1996 (1996-12-31), pages 27 * |
| 陈惠彬: "渤海典型海岸带滩涂生境、生物资源修复技术研究与示范 ", 《海洋信息》 * |
| 陈惠彬: "渤海典型海岸带滩涂生境、生物资源修复技术研究与示范", 《海洋信息》, no. 03, 31 December 2005 (2005-12-31), pages 20 - 23 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104196058A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-10 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | Coal mining subsidence water area heavy metal treatment method |
| CN104196058B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2019-01-04 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | Coal mining subsidence area waters heavy metal administering method |
| CN105850788A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-08-17 | 通威股份有限公司 | Water fertilizing method for large-water-surface pond culture |
| CN105850788B (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2019-02-12 | 通威股份有限公司 | A kind of rich water method of big water surface pond culture |
| CN112075366A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Efficient yellow Bohai sea intertidal zone mudflat cultivation method for native groups in northern regions of Ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN115488146A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-20 | 河南大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal in tidal flat land based on animals and plants |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Campos et al. | Environmental influences on faecal indicator organisms in coastal waters and their accumulation in bivalve shellfish | |
| CN103214099B (en) | Ecological restoration and purification method for water of lake and pool wet land | |
| CN103141371B (en) | Transplanting and cultivating method for gulfweed on rock | |
| CN105347494B (en) | City eutrophication river corridor restoration method | |
| Ray et al. | Nitrogen and phosphorus removal by the Algal Turf Scrubber at an oyster aquaculture facility | |
| CN102783404B (en) | Gulfweed proliferation and transplanting method | |
| CN106242064B (en) | Ecological restoration method for high hydraulic load artificial lake shore zone | |
| Dien et al. | Comparing nutrient budgets in integrated rice-shrimp ponds and shrimp grow-out ponds | |
| CN104129856A (en) | Combined ecological floating bed and culture method thereof | |
| CN106171816A (en) | A kind of construction method of breeding pollution beach Rhizophora apiculata Blume | |
| CN109607976A (en) | A kind of water body in lake restorative procedure | |
| CN103979684A (en) | Ecological restoration method for bottom-cultured Cyclina sinensis at beach | |
| Hashemloian et al. | Alien and exotic Azolla in northern Iran | |
| CN107651754B (en) | Composite ecological system construction method for restoring eutrophic water body and artificial reef | |
| CN114262062A (en) | Submerged plant purifies blanket and ecological remediation system under water | |
| CN113651427A (en) | Water body ecological restoration method | |
| Chen et al. | Restoring wetlands outside of the seawalls and to provide clean water habitat | |
| US20240010534A1 (en) | Target Based Unit Form Tidal Flat Wetland Restoration Method | |
| Casanova et al. | Charophyte occurrence, seed banks and establishment in farm dams in New South Wales | |
| CN108101220A (en) | A kind of containerization assembly type hydrophyte restoration method for purifying water | |
| Athalye | Biodiversity of Thane creek | |
| CN109329132B (en) | Method for breeding big mudskipper in mangrove forest area | |
| CN113737711A (en) | Method for establishing biodiversity in rivers and lakes | |
| Remani et al. | Pollution due to coir retting and its effect on estuarine flora and fauna | |
| Sifa | Aquaculture and its role in ecological wastewater treatment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| EXSB | Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20140813 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |