CN103214099B - Ecological restoration and purification method for water of lake and pool wet land - Google Patents
Ecological restoration and purification method for water of lake and pool wet land Download PDFInfo
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- CN103214099B CN103214099B CN201310164738.7A CN201310164738A CN103214099B CN 103214099 B CN103214099 B CN 103214099B CN 201310164738 A CN201310164738 A CN 201310164738A CN 103214099 B CN103214099 B CN 103214099B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological restoration and purification method for water of lake and pool wet land. The method is characterized by comprising the following treatment steps sequentially: a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, wherein the first stage comprises the steps of pumping the water of the lake and pool wet land to dryness sectionally, performing activity, disinfection and dehydration treatment on sludge of the lake and pool wet land, prefabricating and mounting a submerged aeration facility, planting a submerged vegetation community, and filling in the water of the original lake and pool wet land; the second stage comprises the step of putting water purification bugs into the water for treating suspended matters in the water and purifying the water, such as algae and detritus; and the third stage comprises the steps of planting floating-leaved plants in the water, and configuring aquatic animals capable of eating partial aquatic plants for restoring a food chain of a water ecosystem. The method can ensure that the restored or purified water can reach a Category III or above primary indicator of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002); the water purification effect is enduring; and both a symptom and a root cause are treated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental ecology and repair field, particularly relate to one is applied to lake, pond, water environmental quality of wetland are in " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) V class or bad V class standard state water ecology reparation and purifying method.
Background technology
At present, along with social economy and urbanization high speed development, lake, pond, Wetland Water Environment are polluted all in various degree, IV class or V class that quality of water environment is in " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002), or even bad V class standard state.Administer lake, pond, wetland water pollutions, especially the restoration of the ecosystem that water body is lasting and purification, reach " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) leading indicator lastingly and reach III class or more standard, become a difficult problem for worldwide Ecological Recovery of Water and purification.
At present, the water body purification of the lake of serious to water surrounding eutrophication in blue-green algae riotous growth, pond, wetland, mainly contains four kinds of modes.
(1) physics mode, filters rich nutritive material in water and blue-green algae or transfer;
(2) chemical mode, decomposes rich nutritive material in water and blue-green algae or generate new compound with medicine and administer;
(3) microorganism mode, is decomposed by complex micro organism fungicide or absorbs rich nutritive material and blue-green algae in water;
(4) biological mode, is decomposed by artificial swamp, plantation emergent or the aquatic animals and plants such as floatingleaved plant, food algae fish, absorbs or rich nutritive material and blue-green algae in transfer water;
Above four kinds of modes all fail to reach eliminate water body pollution with treating both principal and secondary aspect of disease, rich nutritive material in water can not be absorbed or at most only absorb, rich nutritive material in transferase 12 0% water, rich nutritive material major part is also dissolved in water, Just because of this, even if blue-green algae in removal water, when the blue green algae spore in air drops in eutrophic water, blue-green algae still can breed rapidly, and exhaust water oxygen gas time serious and cause hydrocoles dead, water transparency cannot more than 0.9 meter, and water pollution control effect can not be lasting.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides water ecology reparation and the purifying method of the pool, a kind of lake wetland, this water ecology reparation and purifying method can realize lake, pond, water environmental quality of wetland can reach transparency more than 2 meters or 2 meters lastingly, can ensure again to repair or water body after purification reaches III class of " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) leading indicator or more standard.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The water ecology reparation of the pool, a kind of lake wetland and purifying method, it is characterized in that being processed successively by following several stages: the first stage comprises: drain the pool, lake wetland water body by the topography and geomorphology segmentation of lake, pond, wetland, activity, sterilization and processed are carried out to the pool, lake wetland mud, prefabricate and install sinks the sudden and violent oxygen facility of water, plantation submerged vegetation group, and the pool, playback original lake wetland water body; Subordinate phase comprises: in water body, throw in " water purification worm " process suspended substance, the purifying water body such as algae, detritus in water, and described " water purification worm " selects the crust zooplankton such as low that can to become after purification, rejuvenation, domestication and to engulf blue-green algae, purifying water body specially; Phase III comprises: in water body, plant floatingleaved plant, and the hydrocoles then configuring edible portion waterplant repairs aquatic ecosystem food chain.
Further, the described first stage comprises the following steps:
(1) pool, lake wetland water body is drained by the topography and geomorphology segmentation of lake, pond, wetland;
(2) if the pool, described lake wetland is soft revetment, carry out the process of heap slope by soil natural angle of repose, then plant emergent, then carry out following (3) step; If the pool, described lake wetland is hard revetment, directly carry out following (3) step;
(3) effective microbe and unslaked lime is adopted to carry out activity, sterilization and processed 4 ~ 7 days to the pool, lake wetland mud;
(4) prefabricate and install is apart from the sudden and violent oxygen facility of heavy water of 400mm ~ 600mm above muck surface;
(5) according to the degree of depth of the pool, lake wetland mud, plantation submerged vegetation group;
(6) pool, playback original lake wetland water body covers submerged vegetation group, and water level reaches 300mm ~ 500mm above submerged vegetation group.
Further, the heap slope of described first stage (2) step is divided into bottom, middle layer and top layer, and gravel laid by bottom, and it is highly 200mm ~ 250mm, and middle layer height is 100mm ~ 150mm, and top layer selects sandy loam.
Further, the emergent of described first stage (2) step selects the one or several arbitrarily in power flower, papyrus, red sheath fishscale bamboo taro, lotus, water candle, reed, Arundo donax, mullet grass, flower calamus, yellow flag, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Fischer grass, Monochoria korsakowii, Spiked Loosestrife, arrowhead, Rush again.
Further, the submerged vegetation group of described first stage (5) step is black algae, hydrilla verticillata, Roche hydrilla verticillata (mutation), water caltrop, potarnogeton lucens, poly-algae, hornwort, potamogeton malaianus, Herba Potamogetonis Pectinati, the eel grass through dwarfing improvement, little najas marina totally ten one kinds, wherein through downgrading 70% of the eel grass plantation Liang Zhan submerged vegetation group always plantation amount of improvement, all the other kinds respectively account for 3%.
Further, in described first stage (5) step, the planting density of submerged vegetation is: the pool, the lake wetland mud degree of depth is less than 0.2 meter, the planting density 20 clumps/m of submerged vegetation
2~ 25 clumps/m
2; The pool, the lake wetland mud degree of depth is more than or equal to 0.2 meter and is less than or equal to 0.5 meter, the planting density 12 clumps/m of submerged vegetation
2~ 18 clumps/m
2; The pool, the lake wetland mud degree of depth is greater than 0.5 meter, planting density 6 clumps/m
2~ 10 clumps/m
2, wherein every clump of submerged vegetation comprises 3 strain ~ 5 strain submerged vegetation.
Further, the low of described subordinate phase waits crust zooplankton to be water flea, and injected volume is 150 ~ 200/m
2.
Further, the described phase III comprises following step:
(1) floatingleaved plant is planted;
(2) start the heavy sudden and violent oxygen facility of water, make oxygen in water reach more than 6mg/L;
(3) after sudden and violent oxygen, if oxygen in water is less than 6mg/L, throws in the microorganism such as photosynthetic bacterium, nitrobacteria and promote submerged vegetation community growth, and start the sudden and violent oxygen facility of heavy water and ensure that oxygen in water concentration is greater than 6mg/L;
(4) pool, playback original lake wetland water body is to ordinary water-level;
(5) when submerged vegetation fraction of coverage reach more than 60%, water transparency reaches 2 meters, and continues after 160 days, the hydrocoles of configuration edible waterplant;
(6) when dissolved oxygen concentration is less than 6mg/L or submerged vegetation fraction of coverage is less than 60%, carry out the system engineering management of Dynamic Water ecosystem conservation, the system engineering management of described Dynamic Water ecosystem conservation comprises: the harvesting in the seasonality pruning of floatingleaved plant, emergent, the seasonality of submerged plant and hypertrophy situation, submerged plant growth Altitude control, the monitoring of upgrowth situation to the useful hydrocoles thrown in, the cleaning to the influential hydrocoles of water body.
Further, the floatingleaved plant of described phase III (1) step selects the one or several arbitrarily in water lily, Wang Lian, spatterdock, gold and silver lotus flower, thatch reality, and the planting density of floatingleaved plant is 2 clumps-3 clumps/1000m
2, wherein the quantity of every clump of floatingleaved plant is 5 strain ~ 8 strains.
Further, the hydrocoles of described phase III (5) step comprises snakehead, mandarin fish, silver carp, bighead, black carp, freshwater shrimp, Radix swinhoei, square Bellamya sp, black lip, hydriopsis cumingii and Corbicula fluminea, and the configuration density of described hydrocoles is 10 tails (only)-15 tail (only)/1000m
2, wherein the length of hydrocoles is 50mm-80mm/ tail.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention integrates nature biotechnology improving technology, biomanipulation, Ecological Recovery of Water technology in one, rebuild water ecosystem, structure water ecology balances, repair the Ecosystem Food chain of contaminated water body, improve self-purification capacity and the environmental capacity of water body, reduction " true water is without perfume (or spice) " true qualities;
(2) the present invention had both got rid of blue green algae in water, and rich nutritive material in absorption, transfer water, grows submerged plant especially, allow water body purification reach effect that is lasting, that treat both principal and secondary aspect of disease again;
(3) the present invention adopts after " water purification worm " purifying water body, promote submerged plant to carry out newborn oxygen that photosynthesis release chemical property vivaciously has strong oxidizing property, makes the suspended substance in water body and organism is oxidized is decomposed into mineral substance, makes water body limpid;
(4) The invention also achieves the conversion of water body Middle nutrition material to edibility animal proteinum, finally by gathering in submerged vegetation and fishing for hydrocoles, make the nutritive substance in water be transformed on the bank, water body Middle nutrition thing is reduced gradually, and quality of water environment is limpid more lastingly;
(5) the present invention defines the food chain in the wetland water body of the pool, lake by the plantation of submerged plant, floatingleaved plant etc. and the configuration of hydrocoles, ensure that water ecology balances;
(6) the present invention is without the need to carrying the bed mud of original lake, pond, wetland, just can the former water body of reuse; After water ecology reparation of the present invention and purifying method implement 40 days, water purification transparent Du Keda 1.5 meters or more; After 80 days, water purification transparent Du Keda 2 meters or more, quality of water environment can reach " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) III class standard; After 160 days, vegetation coverage reaches more than 60% under water, and restoration of the ecosystem forms full of life, that the earth should exist submerged forest view.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The water ecology reparation of the pool, embodiment 1 lake wetland and purifying method
One, the first stage, implement nature biotechnology improving technology, concrete steps are as follows;
(1) according to lake, pond, wetland, carry out segmentation by topography and geomorphology and drain the pool, lake wetland water body;
(2) so the pool, lake wetland to soft revetment, carry out the process of heap slope by soil natural angle of repose, heap slope is divided into bottom, middle layer and top layer, gravel laid by bottom, it is highly 200mm ~ 250mm, and middle layer height is 100mm ~ 150mm, and top layer selects sandy loam;
(3) power flower (formal name used at school Thalia dealbata) is planted again at sandy loam, papyrus (formal name used at school Cyperuspapyrus), red sheath fishscale bamboo taro (formal name used at school Thaliageniculata), lotus (formal name used at school Nelumbo nucifera), water candle (formal name used at school Dysophylla yatabeana), reed (formal name used at school Phragmites australis), Arundo donax (formal name used at school Arundo donax var.versicolor), mullet grass (formal name used at school Potamogeton pectinatus), flower calamus (formal name used at school Iris ensata Thunb), yellow flag (formal name used at school Iris pseudacorus), Scirpus tabernaemontani (formal name used at school Scirpus validus), Fischer grass (formal name used at school Scirpus triqueterL), Monochoria korsakowii (formal name used at school MonochoriaKorsakowii), Spiked Loosestrife (formal name used at school Spiked Loosestrlfe), arrowhead (formal name used at school Sagittaria sagittifolia), the emergents such as Rush (formal name used at school Juncus effusus), according to revetment view situation, configuring any one or a few plants, and absorbs in mud and water body nitrogenous by plantation emergent, the nutritions such as phosphorus, meanwhile, can beautify revetment view again.
(4) effective microbe and unslaked lime are adopted to the pool, lake wetland mud, carry out the process such as activity, sterilization and dehydration 4 ~ 7 days;
(5) prefabricate and install is apart from the sudden and violent oxygen facility of heavy water of muck surface 400mm-600mm;
(6) according to the degree of depth of the pool, lake wetland mud, plantation gathers black algae from nature, hydrilla verticillata (formal name used at school Hydrilla verticillata), Roche hydrilla verticillata (mutation) (formal name used at school Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle), water caltrop (formal name used at school Potamogeton crispus), potarnogeton lucens (formal name used at school Potamogeton lucensLinn), poly-algae (formal name used at school Ntruiogtkkyn soucatyn L), hornwort (formal name used at school Ceratophyllumdemersum L), potamogeton malaianus (formal name used at school Potamogeton malaianus Miq), Herba Potamogetonis Pectinati (formal name used at school Potamogeton pectinatus), through downgrading eel grass (formal name used at school Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara) and little najas marina (formal name used at school Najas minor All) totally ten one kinds of submerged plants of improvement, wherein through downgrading 70% of the eel grass plantation Liang Zhan submerged vegetation group always plantation amount of improvement, other kind respectively accounts for 3%.According to the degree of depth of the pool, lake wetland mud, the degree of depth is less than 0.2 meter, the planting density 20 clumps/m of submerged vegetation
2~ 25 clumps/m
2, the degree of depth is less than 0.5 meter, the planting density 12 clumps/m of submerged vegetation
2~ 18 clumps/m
2, the degree of depth is greater than 0.5 meter, planting density 6 clumps ~ 10 clumps, and wherein every clump comprises 3 strain-5 strains; By plantation submerged vegetation, both made the nutritions such as nitrogenous, the phosphorus in water body gradually absorb by submerged plant, and change into vegetable fibre; Meanwhile, by submerged plant photosynthesis release chemical property, vivaciously there is the newborn oxygen of strong oxidizing property, make the suspended substance in water body and organism is oxidized is decomposed into mineral substance.The photosynthesis of submerged vegetation brings bed mud into a large amount of dissolved oxygens, and the redox potential in mud is raised, and promotes the procreation of bottom-dwelling and microorganism, promotes that water ecosystem recovers variation further, makes water body keep stablizing clear state;
(7) pool, playback original lake wetland water body covers submerged vegetation group, and water level reaches 300mm ~ 500mm above submerged vegetation group;
In other embodiments, the pool, some lakes wetland is hard revetment, so in (2) step in this stage, does not do any process, omits (3) step simultaneously and directly carries out (4) step.
Two, subordinate phase, implement nature biotechnology improving technology and biomanipulation, concrete steps are as follows:
What input was caught from occurring in nature catches low crust zooplankton water flea such as grade (formal name used at school Daphnia magna), through purification, rejuvenation, domestication become engulf specially blue-green algae, purifying water body " water purification worm ", make water body so clear that you can see the bottom, every only " water purification worm " can take food and be equivalent to the algae of its body weight decades of times for one day, and " water purification worm " injected volume is 150 ~ 200/m
2.The algae such as the blue-green algae in water body growth are engulfed with " water purification worm ", the suspended substances such as detritus, and be broken down into inorganic salt and water, on the one hand, " water purification worm " thoroughly can break the dominant position of algae, make the plant in water body, microorganism, zooplankton, hydrocoles, the restoration ecosystem such as insect, reach diversity of organism, thus form the new eubiosis, recover the anti-algae effect of the natural, ecological of water, eliminate the environment of algae suitable growth, thus make water body limpid fast, transparency improves, on the other hand, " water purification worm " engulfs blue-green algae, make water body limpid fast, transparency improves, promote submerged plant growth, the root system of submerged vegetation, what absorb in mud and water body is nitrogenous, the nutritions such as phosphorus, simultaneously, its root system can also curing sludge and the speed of obstruct deep layer mud to releasing nutrients thing in water.Submerged plant carries out photosynthesis release chemical property and vivaciously has the newborn oxygen of strong oxidizing property, makes the suspended substance in water body and organism is oxidized is decomposed into mineral substance, makes water body keep stablizing clear state.
Three, the phase III, implement Ecological Recovery of Water technology, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) plant floatingleaved plant, floatingleaved plant be selected from water lily (formal name used at school Nymphaea tetragona), Wang Lian (formal name used at school Victoria amazonica), spatterdock (formal name used at school pumilum), gold and silver lotus flower (formal name used at school Nymphoidesindica), thatch real (formal name used at school Potamogeton pectinatus) any one or a few; 2 clumps-3 clumps/1000m
2, wherein every clump comprises 5 strain-8 strains.The nutritions such as nitrogenous, the phosphorus of plantation floatingleaved plant both in Absorbable rod mud and water body, meanwhile, again can embellishing surface view.
(2) start heavy water sudden and violent oxygen facility increase oxygen in water and reach more than 6mg/L;
(3), when after sudden and violent oxygen, when oxygen in water is less than 6mg/L, throws in the microorganism such as photosynthetic bacterium, nitrobacteria and promote submerged vegetation community growth, make water body limpider; In addition, also start the sudden and violent oxygen facility of heavy water and ensure that oxygen in water concentration is greater than 6mg/L;
(4) pool, playback original lake wetland water body is to ordinary water-level;
(5) same day (24 hours) quantity of precipitation is the rainfall of 25 ~ 49.9 millimeters or 1 hour quantity of precipitation is after the heavy rain of 8.1 ~ 16.0 millimeters, if dissolved oxygen concentration is less than 6mg/L or submerged vegetation fraction of coverage is less than 60%, comprise: floatingleaved plant, the seasonality of emergent is pruned, the seasonality of submerged plant, and the harvesting in hypertrophy situation, submerged plant growth Altitude control, to the monitoring of the upgrowth situation of the useful hydrocoles thrown in, to the influential hydrocoles of water body (as wild fishes, disastrous species) the system engineering management of Dynamic Water ecosystem conservation of the content such as cleaning,
(6) when submerged vegetation fraction of coverage reaches more than 60%, water transparency reaches 2 meters, continue after 160 days, construct by aquatic ecosystem food chain, configure hydrocoles: snakehead (formal name used at school Ophicephalus argus) simultaneously, mandarin fish (formal name used at school Siniperca chuatsi), silver carp (formal name used at school Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead (formal name used at school Aristichthys nobilis), black carp (formal name used at school Mylopharyngodon piceus), freshwater shrimp (formal name used at school Macrobranchium nipponense), Radix swinhoei (formal name used at school Radix swinhoei), square Bellamya sp (formal name used at school Bellamya quadrata), black lip (formal name used at school Pinctada margaritifera), hydriopsis cumingii (formal name used at school Hyriopsis cumingii) and Corbicula fluminea (formal name used at school Corbicula fluminea), with this edible part waterplant, realize the conversion of water body Middle nutrition to edibility animal proteinum, finally by gathering in submerged vegetation and fishing for fish, the nutritive substance in water is made to be transformed on the bank, water body Middle nutrition thing is reduced gradually, quality of water environment is more clean, supply volume is 10 tail-15 tails/1000m
2, wherein the length of hydrocoles is 50mm-80mm/ tail,
(7) when water transparency reaches 2 meters, and total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, after the indexs such as dissolved oxygen reach the examination of " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) (see table 1) III class standard, 6mg/L is greater than for index with dissolved oxygen concentration, comprise: floatingleaved plant, the seasonality of emergent is pruned, the seasonality of submerged plant, and the harvesting in hypertrophy situation, submerged plant growth Altitude control, to the upgrowth situation of the useful hydrocoles thrown in, to the influential hydrocoles of water body (as wild fishes, disastrous species) the system engineering management of Dynamic Water ecosystem conservation of the content such as cleaning.
Table 1 " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) quality of water environment III class standard main project standard limited value
(unit: mg/L)
The man-made lake that embodiment 2 is newly-built---Zhaoqing Guangdong emigrant Xing Dinghu drives product Ecological Recovery of Water and cleaning project (total area 6200 ㎡)
It is a newly-built man-made lake that Zhaoqing Guangdong emigrant Xing Dinghu drives product man-made lake, and before on January 7th, 2012, water quality transparency is about 0.4 meter; Quality of water environment such as the surface water main projects such as dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen are V class standard of standard limited value." water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) " is in table 2;
Table 2 " water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) " main project standard limited value (unit: mg/L)
| Sequence number | Criteria for classification value project | I class | II class | III class | IV class | V class |
| 1 | Dissolved oxygen >= | Saturation exponent 90% (or 7.5) | 6 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| 2 | Chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD)≤ | 2 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 15 |
| 3 | Ammonia nitrogen (NH 3-N）≤ | 0.15 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
| 4 | Total phosphorus (in P)≤ | 0.02 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| 5 | Total nitrogen (in N)≤ | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
Start on January 7th, 2012 after the water ecology reparation of the pool, the lake wetland adopting the embodiment of the present invention 1 and purifying method process in 40 days, water quality transparency reaches 1.5 meters or more; In 80 days, water quality transparency reaches 2.0 meters or more; In 160 days, quality of water environment such as the surface water main projects such as dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen reach III class standard or II class standard of standard limited value.
Embodiment 3 mud reaches the man-made lake of 0.7 meter---Zhong Gong Zhaoqing municipal Party committee compound Ecological Recovery of Water and cleaning project.(total area 12000 ㎡)
The mud five of Zhaoqing municipal Party committee compound man-made lake does not deal with during the last ten years, and before 20 days April in 2012, water quality transparency is about 0.4 meter; Quality of water environment such as the surface water main project standard limited values such as dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen are V class standard, or even bad V class standard (" water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) " is in table 2);
Start on April 20th, 2012 after the water ecology reparation of the pool, the lake wetland adopting the embodiment of the present invention 1 and purifying method process in 40 days, water quality transparency reaches 1.5 meters or more; In 80 days, water quality transparency reaches 2.0 meters or more; In 160 days, quality of water environment such as the surface water main project standard limited values such as dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen reach III class standard or II class standard.
Last it is noted that these are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description; for a person skilled in the art; it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments; or equivalent replacement is carried out to wherein portion of techniques feature; but it is within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any amendment of doing, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake wetland and a purifying method, is characterized in that being processed successively by following several stages:
First stage comprises: drain the pool, lake wetland water body by the topography and geomorphology segmentation of lake, pond, wetland, activity, sterilization and processed are carried out to the pool, lake wetland mud, prefabricate and install sinks the sudden and violent oxygen facility of water, plantation submerged vegetation group, and the pool, playback original lake wetland water body; The described first stage comprises the following steps:
(1) pool, lake wetland water body is drained by the topography and geomorphology segmentation of lake, pond, wetland;
(2) if the pool, described lake wetland is soft revetment, carry out the process of heap slope by soil natural angle of repose, then plant emergent, then carry out following (3) step; If the pool, described lake wetland is hard revetment, directly carry out following (3) step;
(3) effective microbe and unslaked lime is adopted to carry out activity, sterilization and processed 4 ~ 7 days to the pool, lake wetland mud;
(4) prefabricate and install is apart from the sudden and violent oxygen facility of heavy water of 400mm ~ 600mm above muck surface;
(5) according to the degree of depth of the pool, lake wetland mud, plantation submerged vegetation group;
(6) pool, playback original lake wetland water body covers submerged vegetation group, and water level reaches 300mm ~ 500mm above submerged vegetation group;
Subordinate phase comprises: in water body, throw in " water purification worm " process suspended substance, the purifying water body such as algae, detritus in water, and described " water purification worm " selects the crust zooplankton such as low that can to become after purification, rejuvenation, domestication and to engulf blue-green algae, purifying water body specially;
Phase III comprises: in water body, plant floatingleaved plant, and the hydrocoles then configuring edible portion waterplant repairs aquatic ecosystem food chain; The described phase III comprises following step:
(1) floatingleaved plant is planted;
(2) start the heavy sudden and violent oxygen facility of water, make oxygen in water reach more than 6mg/L;
(3) after sudden and violent oxygen, if oxygen in water is less than 6mg/L, throws in the microorganism such as photosynthetic bacterium, nitrobacteria and promote submerged vegetation community growth, and start the sudden and violent oxygen facility of heavy water and ensure that oxygen in water concentration is more than 6mg/L;
(4) pool, playback original lake wetland water body is to ordinary water-level;
(5) when submerged vegetation fraction of coverage reach more than 60%, water transparency reaches 2 meters, and continues after 160 days, the hydrocoles of configuration edible waterplant;
(6) when dissolved oxygen concentration is less than 6mg/L or submerged vegetation fraction of coverage is less than 60%, carry out the system engineering management of Dynamic Water ecosystem conservation, the system engineering management of described Dynamic Water ecosystem conservation comprises: the harvesting in the seasonality pruning of floatingleaved plant, emergent, the seasonality of submerged plant and hypertrophy situation, submerged plant growth Altitude control, the monitoring of upgrowth situation to the useful hydrocoles thrown in, the cleaning to the influential hydrocoles of water body.
2. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake according to claim 1 wetland and purifying method, it is characterized in that, the heap slope of its (2) step of described first stage is divided into bottom, middle layer and top layer, gravel laid by bottom, it is highly 200mm ~ 250mm, middle layer height is 100mm ~ 150mm, and top layer selects sandy loam.
3. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake according to claim 1 wetland and purifying method, it is characterized in that, the emergent of its (2) step of described first stage selects the one or several arbitrarily in power flower, papyrus, red sheath fishscale bamboo taro, lotus, water candle, reed, Arundo donax, mullet grass, flower calamus, yellow flag, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Fischer grass, Monochoria korsakowii, Spiked Loosestrife, arrowhead, Rush again.
4. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake according to claim 1 wetland and purifying method, it is characterized in that, the submerged vegetation group of its (5) step of described first stage is black algae, hydrilla verticillata, Roche hydrilla verticillata (mutation), water caltrop, potarnogeton lucens, poly-algae, hornwort, potamogeton malaianus, Herba Potamogetonis Pectinati, through downgrading eel grass and the little najas marina totally ten one kinds of improvement, wherein through downgrading 70% of the eel grass plantation Liang Zhan submerged vegetation group always plantation amount of improvement, all the other kinds respectively account for 3%.
5. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake according to claim 1 wetland and purifying method, it is characterized in that, in its (5) step of described first stage, the planting density of submerged vegetation is: the pool, the lake wetland mud degree of depth is less than 0.2 meter, the planting density 20 clumps/m of submerged vegetation
2~ 25 clumps/m
2; The pool, the lake wetland mud degree of depth is more than or equal to 0.2 meter and is less than or equal to 0.5 meter, the planting density 12 clumps/m of submerged vegetation
2~ 18 clumps/m
2; The pool, the lake wetland mud degree of depth is greater than 0.5 meter, planting density 6 clumps/m
2~ 10 clumps/m
2, wherein every clump of submerged vegetation comprises 3 strain ~ 5 strain submerged vegetation.
6. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake according to claim 1 wetland and purifying method, is characterized in that, the low of described subordinate phase waits crust zooplankton to be water flea, and injected volume is 150 ~ 200/m
2.
7. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake according to claim 1 wetland and purifying method, it is characterized in that, the floatingleaved plant of its (1) step of described phase III selects the one or several arbitrarily in water lily, Wang Lian, spatterdock, gold and silver lotus flower, thatch reality, and the planting density of floatingleaved plant is 2 clumps-3 clumps/1000m
2, wherein the quantity of every clump of floatingleaved plant is 5 strain ~ 8 strains.
8. the water ecology reparation of the pool, lake according to claim 1 wetland and purifying method, it is characterized in that, the hydrocoles of its (5) step of described phase III comprises snakehead, mandarin fish, silver carp, bighead, black carp, freshwater shrimp, Radix swinhoei, square Bellamya sp, black lip, hydriopsis cumingii and Corbicula fluminea, and the configuration density of described hydrocoles is 10 tails (only)-15 tail (only)/1000m
2, wherein the length of hydrocoles is 50mm-80mm/ tail.
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