CN115488146A - Method for repairing heavy metal in tidal flat land based on animals and plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses tidal flat repair and transformation technical field. The present invention provides a method for restoring heavy metals in tidal flats based on animals and plants, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: planning a treatment area, dividing a large area of tidal flats into multiple selected bottoms The area where animals and aquatic plants grow and reproduce; Step S2: Cultivate benthic animals to a certain size in the pond, and spread the seeds evenly in the planned treatment area of tidal flats; Step S3: Plant emergent water Plants or submerged plants; Step S4: Harvest benthic animals, emergent plants and submerged plants after breeding and maturity, and then conduct concentrated treatment on the harvested animals and plants, which can absorb a large amount of heavy metals such as cadmium and lead and enrich them in the body. Make the heavy metals settle quickly and prevent them from further spreading and migrating with the water flow. Through the enrichment and regular harvesting of aquatic plants, heavy metals are removed from the water body to achieve in situ restoration. It has the advantages of economy, safety, high efficiency and sustainability.

Description

A plant-based heavy metal remediation method in tidal flats

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tidal flat restoration and reconstruction, in particular to a method for restoration of heavy metals in tidal flats based on animals and plants.

Background technique

Tidal land refers to the land on both sides of rivers or streams that can be submerged during the wet season of the river. It is an important reserve land resource and has the characteristics of large area, concentrated distribution, good location conditions, and great potential for comprehensive development of agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery. Tidal flats are a transition zone between land and sea in dynamic changes. Due to environmental pollution, tidal flats also contain a lot of heavy metal components. Because heavy metal pollutants have poor mobility in the soil, long residence time, cannot be degraded by microorganisms, and can be Media such as water and plants will ultimately affect human health, so it is necessary to take measures to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil.

Bioremediation methods include phytoremediation and animal remediation. As an economical, efficient and environmentally friendly treatment technology, it has unique advantages and has received extensive attention and research applications. Its advantages are: low energy consumption, low investment, easy operation and management, no secondary pollution, good compatibility with water systems and maintaining the stability of the ecosystem. However, the current bioremediation mostly applies a single technology or only focuses on the change of a single index, ignoring the consideration of the combination of multiple technologies and the stability and sustainability of the entire system.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the invention and briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and in the abstract and title of the invention to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, abstract and title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the invention.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the existing heavy metal remediation method for tidal flats based on animals and plants, the present invention is proposed.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an animal and plant-based heavy metal restoration method in tidal flats, which can.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for repairing heavy metals in tidal flats based on animals and plants, which specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1: Planning the treatment area, dividing the large area of tidal flat into multiple areas for the growth and reproduction of selected benthic animals and aquatic plants;

Step S2: Cultivate benthos seedlings to a certain size in the pond, and spread the seedlings evenly in the tidal flat planning treatment area;

Step S3: planting emergent plants or submerged plants;

Step S4: Harvest the benthic animals, emergent plants and submerged plants after the cultivation is mature, and then perform centralized treatment on the harvested animals and plants.

Optionally, the benthic animals are snails, clams, and crested clams.

Optionally, according to the degree of heavy metal pollution in tidal flats, the amount of benthos released is 1-5kg/m ² .

Optionally, during the breeding period, the harmful organisms of benthic animals should be removed, and the breeding indicators should be checked regularly.

Optionally, the planting of emergent plants or submerged plants is carried out in a mesh form in the planned treatment area, and trenches with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 30 cm are dug at a distance of 140 cm, and the trenches are dug in order from top to bottom. The excavated sand and gravel are evenly spread and placed in the open space between the trenches.

Optionally, the planting of emergent plants or submerged plants is interspersed at intervals.

Optionally, the emergent plants are one or more of Pikegrass, Zailihua, Cattail, Reed, Calamus and Yellow Iris, and the submerged plants are Smilax, hornwort, Elodea and spike One or more species of foxtail algae.

Optionally, the planting of emergent plants adopts the transplanting method, and the planting of submerged plants adopts the yellow mud wrapping and loading method.

In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

Introducing benthic animals to tidal flat areas can absorb heavy metals such as cadmium and lead in large quantities and accumulate them in the body. Make the heavy metals settle quickly and prevent them from further spreading and migrating with the water flow. Through the enrichment and regular harvesting of aquatic plants, heavy metals are removed from the water body to achieve in situ restoration. It has the advantages of economy, safety, high efficiency and sustainability.

Not only is the investment cost low, the treatment effect is good, and it will not cause secondary pollution. It can re-optimize the unbalanced ecosystem of the damaged tidal flat. Benthic animals and aquatic plants are mutually beneficial and symbiotic. Reconstruction lays the groundwork for a healthy, stable and self-sustaining water system.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 .

Embodiment one

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention discloses a method for repairing heavy metals in tidal flats based on animals and plants, which specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1: Planning the treatment area, dividing the large area of tidal flat into multiple selected areas for the growth and reproduction of snails, clams, pleated crested mussels and aquatic plants;

Step S2: Cultivate seedlings of snails, clams, and crested mussels to a certain size in the pond, and spread the seedlings evenly in the planned treatment area of the tidal flat ;

Step S3: planting emergent plants or submerged plants;

Step S4: Harvesting after breeding matures uses snails, clams, crested clams, emergent plants and submerged plants, and then intensively processes the harvested animals and plants.

Among them, according to the degree of heavy metal pollution in tidal flats, the amount of benthos released is 1-5kg/m ² . During the breeding period, the harmful organisms of benthic animals should be removed, and the breeding indicators should be checked regularly.

Embodiment two

This embodiment also proposes a method for remediating heavy metals in tidal flats based on animals and plants. Based on the same concept as that of the above-mentioned embodiment one, the planting of emergent plants or submerged plants is carried out in a mesh form in the planned treatment area, with a distance of 140 cm. Dig trenches with a width of 30cm x a depth of 30cm. The trenches are dug from top to bottom. The planting of emergent plants or submerged plants adopts interspersed planting at intervals. The planting of emergent plants adopts the transplanting method, and the planting of submerged plants adopts the yellow mud wrapping and loading method.

The emergent plants are one or more of Pikegrass, Zaili, cattail, reed, calamus and yellow iris; one or more,

The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention Inside.

Claims (8)

1. A method for repairing heavy metal in a mud flat land based on animals and plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1: planning a treatment area, and dividing a large-area beach into a plurality of areas for selecting the growth and the propagation of benthonic animals and aquatic plants;

step S2: cultivating the benthonic animals in a pond to obtain benthonic animal seedlings with a certain specification, and uniformly sowing the seedlings in a planned treatment area of the mudflat;

and step S3: planting emergent aquatic plants or submerged plants;

and step S4: after the cultivation is mature, benthonic animals, emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants are harvested, and then the harvested animals and plants are subjected to centralized treatment.

2. The method for remedying the heavy metal in the beaches based on the animals and the plants as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the benthonic animals adopt conch cricois, little clams and paprika mussels.

3. The method for remedying the heavy metal in the beaches based on the animals and the plants as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the amount of the benthonic animals thrown in according to the heavy metal pollution degree of the tidal flat land is 1-5kg/m ² 。

4. The method for remedying heavy metal in the beaches based on animals and plants as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: during the cultivation period, harmful organisms of the benthonic animals are removed, and cultivation indexes are regularly detected.

5. The method for remedying heavy metal in the beaches based on animals and plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the emergent aquatic plants or the submerged plants are planted in the planned treatment area in a net form, grooves with the width of 30cm and the depth of 30cm are dug at intervals of 140cm, the grooves are dug in an up-down sequence, and the dug sand Dan Junyun is paved on the open space between the grooves.

6. The method for remedying heavy metal in the beaches based on animals and plants, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and planting emergent aquatic plants or submerged plants alternately at intervals.

7. The method for remedying heavy metal in the beaches based on animals and plants, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the emergent aquatic plant is one or more than two of tatarian brevifolius, resleery, cattail, reed, calamus and yellow iris, and the submerged plant is one or more than two of curly pondweed, hornwort, waterweed and argyrophyllum spicatum.

8. The method for remedying the heavy metal in the beaches based on the animals and the plants as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the emergent aquatic plants are planted by adopting a transplanting method, and the submerged plants are planted by adopting a yellow mud wrapping and depositing method.

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