CN104839006B - Cofferdam multiplication method of sargassum thunbergii - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cofferdam multiplication method of sargassum thunbergii and belongs to the technical field of restoration of biological resources. By the cofferdam method, sargassum thunbergii seedlings are directly multiplied in the intertidal zone, so that the problem that an existing sargassum thunbergii multiplication method is high in cost and operation difficulty and poor in multiplication effect is solved.

Description

A kind of cofferdam multiplication method of sargassum

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological resource restoration, and in particular relates to a cofferdam multiplication method of sargassum.

Background technique

Macroalgae are mainly distributed in the intertidal and subtidal shallow waters of several meters near the coast of the ocean. They are the most important primary producers in the offshore and play a very important role in the offshore carbon cycle. The seaweed field formed by the distribution of various seaweeds can provide a place for foraging, habitat, spawning and hatching for various marine animals, forming a typical ecosystem with rich biodiversity, and playing a fundamental role in offshore ecology.

Sargassum is an important macroalgae widely distributed in my country. It not only has important economic value, but also is an important part of coastal seaweed farms. However, due to the destruction of human activities such as land reclamation, port construction, and artificial collection in recent years, Sargassum resources have been seriously damaged. Therefore, the resource recovery and multiplication technology of Sargassum is gradually attracting everyone's attention. In the published patents, the multiplication methods of Sargassum and other large seaweeds are all artificially propagated in the workshop, and the seedlings are harvested under controllable conditions, so that the seedlings are fixed on the specially made attachment base, and then through various methods Fixed in the intertidal zone. These methods have disadvantages such as high cost of seed breeding and preparation of attachment base, difficulty in fixing the attachment base after harvesting seedlings, etc., so it is difficult to popularize and apply. On the other hand, although the natural sargassum resources are distributed in the intertidal zone, when they are multiplied in the intertidal zone, the seedlings below 5 cm are less able to withstand the drastic changes in the natural environment factors in the intertidal zone, so they are often not available. Ideal proliferation effect. Therefore, it is urgent to invent a low-cost, easy-to-operate, and good multiplication method for Sargassum intertidal zone proliferation.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cofferdam propagation method of Sargassum, the method of the present invention directly cultivates Sargassum seedlings in the intertidal zone through the cofferdam method until it grows up, and solves the problems in the past Sargassum multiplication method. The cost is too high, the operation is difficult, and the proliferation effect is poor.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions

The invention relates to a cofferdam multiplication method of sargassum, which directly cultivates sargassum seedlings in the intertidal zone until grown-up by the cofferdam method.

A cofferdam multiplication method of sargassum, it comprises the following steps:

1) Site selection for intertidal multiplication sea areas: select sea areas with small slopes, shallow water depths, and tortuous coastlines to facilitate cofferdam construction; at the same time, the selected sea areas have small wind waves, reef bottom texture, and natural biomass of large algae Less to facilitate the attachment and survival of proliferating algae;

2) Arrangement of the attachment base: use the reef of the natural bottom of the selected sea area as the attachment base for picking seedlings, scrub the surface of the reef clean, and arrange to make it flat on the bottom of the water;

3) Construction of cofferdam: when the tide is low, build a cofferdam in the intertidal zone of the selected sea area. The height of the cofferdam must ensure that the water depth in the cofferdam is kept at 40-60cm when the water puddle is low tide; the crest of the cofferdam is symmetrical Fixed preset rings for hanging vegetables;

4) Screening and hanging of vegetables: In natural sea areas, select and collect Sargassum with full reproductive receptacle and nearly mature germ cells. The timing of collection is selected during the period when the tide is small and minimum dead, and the rope is immediately clamped after the vegetables are collected And hang on the surface of the seawater in the cofferdam, and the two ends of the seedling rope are fixed on the pre-set ring on the crest of the cofferdam;

5) Semi-artificial seedling collection: use a microscope to monitor the maturity of the germ cells, and adjust the hanging water layer of the vegetables at any time according to the intensity of natural light. When the germ cell maturity ratio reaches more than 70% under the microscope, dry the vegetables in the shade to stimulate the fertilized eggs. Concentrate on a large number of shedding, when the fertilized eggs fall off in large quantities from the reproductive tray, take out the vegetable seedling rope;

6) Management of intermediate cultivation: during the intermediate cultivation process, seawater outside the cofferdam enters the cofferdam with periodic high tides to complete the renewal of seawater in the cofferdam; the removal of harmful organisms is mainly through regular manual removal of other miscellaneous algae attached to the reef and conch or other herbivores.

7) Demolition of the cofferdam: After the fertilized eggs are attached to the substratum reef, the cofferdam will be removed when the sargassum seedlings grow to more than 6cm through intermediate cultivation, so that the proliferating sargassum will be placed in the natural seawater environment again.

The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art:

1. The present invention utilizes the natural sea area to carry out semi-artificial seedling picking. Compared with land-based workshop seedling picking, it greatly saves seedling cultivation sites, facilities and manpower for seedling cultivation and production.

2. The present invention uses natural reefs as the attachment base, which saves the cost related to the manufacturing, transportation and fixing process compared with making the attachment base.

3. The timing of picking seedlings of the present invention is selected in the small dead news and the smallest dead news. During this period of time, the highest water level will not exceed the crest of the built cofferdam when the tide rises, so as to ensure that the fertilized eggs can be attached to the bottom of the cofferdam after falling off from the reproductive tray on the reef without being swept away by the tide. The fertilized egg takes about 48 hours from shedding to attachment.

4. In the present invention, the suspension of planting vegetables, semi-artificial harvesting of seedlings and intermediate cultivation of seedlings are all carried out under in-situ conditions, and the sargassum seedlings are more adaptable to the natural environment and have better multiplication effect.

5. The length of Sargassum below 6-8cm is in a submerged state, which overcomes the problem of weak tolerance of seedlings to drying out, and can greatly improve the survival rate of proliferation.

6. The multiplication method of the present invention is easy to operate and easy to popularize and apply.

detailed description:

The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained by the following examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any form by the examples.

A cofferdam multiplication method of sargassum, it comprises the following steps:

1) Site selection for the intertidal proliferation sea area: choose an intertidal zone with small wind waves, relatively tortuous coastline, and a water depth of about 30cm after ebb tide, and the bottom of the sea area is a reef with few other large algae.

2) Arrangement of the attachment base: Use the reef with the natural bottom of the selected sea area as the attachment base for seedlings, scrub the surface of the reef clean, and make it flat on the bottom of the water after a little arrangement.

3) Construction of cofferdams: when the tide is low, use flood control sandbags and waterproof mortar to build cofferdams in the intertidal zone in selected sea areas. Isolate a puddle with an area of about 40m ² and a water depth of about 50cm. The size of the flood control sandbag is 40cm*60cm; the waterproof mortar is mixed with accelerator, cement and fine sand in a ratio of 1:2:5, and mixed with water. The height of the cofferdam ensures that the water depth in the cofferdam is about 50cm when the tide is low. The crest of the cofferdam dam uses cement mortar to symmetrically fix several iron rings with a diameter of 10cm, which are used for hanging vegetables.

4) Screening and hanging of vegetables: collect Sargassum with good growth, full reproductive tray and nearly mature germ cells in natural sea area as vegetables. Immediately after the vegetables are collected, the ropes are clamped and hung on the seawater surface in the cofferdam, and the two ends of the seedling ropes are fixed on the iron rings preset on the crest of the cofferdam.

5) Semi-artificial seedling collection: The timing of seedling collection is selected during the period when the tide is small dead and minimum dead, so as to reduce the influence of sea water outside the cofferdam on the attachment rate during the time period from the fertilized egg shedding to attachment. Monitor the maturity of germ cells with a microscope, and adjust the hanging water layer of the growing vegetables at any time according to the actual situation, so that the light intensity received by the growing vegetables during the day is 60-80 μmolphotons/(m ² s). When the mature ratio of germ cells reaches 70% or more under the microscope, dry the vegetables in the shade to stimulate the fertilized eggs to fall off in a large number.

6) Management of intermediate cultivation: After a large number of fertilized eggs fall off from the reproductive receptacle, they will attach to the reef at the bottom of the cofferdam after about 48 hours, and they need to undergo intermediate cultivation until the seedlings grow to more than 6cm (about 3 months). During the intermediate cultivation process, the seawater outside the cofferdam enters the cofferdam with periodic high tides to complete the renewal of the seawater in the cofferdam; the removal of harmful organisms is mainly through artificially removing other herbivorous algae and conchs attached to the reef when the tide ebbs and ebbs. animal.

7) Cofferdam removal: After the fertilized eggs are attached to the substrate reef, the cofferdam will be removed when the sargassum seedlings grow to more than 6cm through intermediate cultivation, so that the proliferating sargassum will be in the natural seawater environment again.

In 2013-2014, experiments were carried out using the method of the present invention, and a total of 105,000 strains of Sargassum multiplied, with a multiplication area of 4.2 mu.

Claims (1)

1. the cofferdam enrichment procedure of a kind of sargassum thunbergii, it is characterised in that it directly cultivates sargassum thunbergii by cofferdam method in intertidal zone Seedling specifically includes following steps up to forming：

1) addressing in sea area is bred in intertidal zone：Select that the gradient is little, the depth of water is shallow, the tortuous embayed sea area in coastline is in order to being used to enclose Build on weir；Simultaneously selected sea area stormy waves is less, reef substrate and tangleweed natural biology amount is less is beneficial to propagation marine alga Attachment and survival；

2) arrangement of attachment base：Using the reef of selected sea area nature substrate as the attachment base collected seedling, reef surface is scrubbed into dry Only, and arrange be allowed to be laid in the bottom；

3) construction in cofferdam：When moving back spring tide, cofferdam is built in the intertidal zone for selecting sea area, the height in cofferdam need to guarantee the puddles of water Depth of water 40-60cm in cofferdam is kept when spring tide is moved back；The symmetrical fixed preset ring of cofferdam dam crest, for the suspension for planting vegetables；

4) screening for planting vegetables and suspension：In natural waterses screening, receptacle is full, reproduction cell plants vegetables maturescent sargassum thunbergii And gather, timing is gathered during tide is the little news of death and the minimum news of death, press from both sides to restrict and be suspended on immediately after the collection that plants vegetables and enclose Weir inland sea water surface, seedling rope two ends are fixed on the preset ring of cofferdam dam crest；

5) semi：Reproduction cell maturity is monitored with microscope, the suspension that plants vegetables is adjusted at any time according to natural lighting intensity Water layer, when microscopy reproduction cell maturation ratio reaches more than 70%, to planting vegetables dry in the shade stimulation is taken, and concentrates embryonated egg a large amount of Come off, the seedling rope that will plant vegetables after embryonated egg comes off in a large number from receptacle takes out；

6) management of intermediate rearing：Outside intermediate rearing process cofferdam seawater with periodicity flood tide into cofferdam so as to completing cofferdam The renewal of maritime interior waters；Other miscellaneous algaes and conch that the removal of harmful organisms is mainly attached on reef by regularly manual removal Or other phytophagous animals；

7) dismounting in cofferdam：After embryonated egg is attached on substrate reef, through intermediate rearing to sargassum thunbergii seedling length to more than 6cm When by cofferdam demolition, make propagation sargassum thunbergii again in the nature seawater environment.