CN102783403A - Cultivation trough suitable for cultivation of solanaceous fruit vegetables - Google Patents
Cultivation trough suitable for cultivation of solanaceous fruit vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN102783403A CN102783403A CN2012102965607A CN201210296560A CN102783403A CN 102783403 A CN102783403 A CN 102783403A CN 2012102965607 A CN2012102965607 A CN 2012102965607A CN 201210296560 A CN201210296560 A CN 201210296560A CN 102783403 A CN102783403 A CN 102783403A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation trough suitable for cultivation of solanaceous fruit vegetables. The cultivation trough comprises a trough upper part, a trough bottom part, a seepage pipe, a heat insulating layer, a plastic thin film, a perlite layer, a non-woven fabric layer and an organic-inorganic mixed matrix, wherein the trough bottom part is connected to a lower end of the trough upper part; the seepage pipe is arranged at the bottommost end of the trough bottom part; the heat insulating layer is arranged on an inner surface of the trough upper part and the trough bottom part; the plastic thin film is paved on an inner surface of the heat insulating layer; the perlite layer is arranged at the trough bottom part; the non-woven fabric layer is arranged on the surface of the perlite layer; and the organic-inorganic mixed matrix is arranged in the trough upper part. The cultivation trough disclosed by the invention is mainly arranged underground and internally provided with the heat insulating layer, the plastic thin film and the perlite layer, therefore, the cultivation trough is functional in buffering temperature, influence to growth of solanaceous fruit vegetable crops due to high temperature of the matrix is avoided in summer and the solanaceous fruit vegetable crops can live through the winter, therefore, the cultivation trough ensures both yield and quality of the vegetables; and the cultivation trough has an improved water discharging function due to utilization of the perlite layer and the seepage pipe, as a result, moisture content of the organic-inorganic mixed matrix can be kept at 40%-65% which is most suitable for the growth of the crops.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the industrialized agriculture technical field, particularly relate to a kind of cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation.
Background technology
Cultivation technique without soil is the technology that extensively adopts in world's industrialized agriculture; It obtains the optimum growth conditions of plant through changing natural environment; Satisfy the needed various key elements of plant growth to greatest extent, thereby reach the increase crop yield, improve product quality; Prolong the season of growth, the purpose of increasing the benefit.Existing in the world at present more than 100 countries are used for modern greenhouse production with cultivation technique without soil, and soilless culture mainly is divided into three major types: substrate culture, water planting and mist training, wherein substrate culture is used the most extensive.The main device that substrate culture is applied to industrialized agriculture production veritably is a cultivating groove, and minority adopts plastic bag cultivation (being called for short the bag training), plastic box to cultivate (being called for short the case training) or flowerpot cultivation (being called for short potted plant), and the latter is used for sight-seeing agriculture more.The cultivating groove that in the industrialized agriculture soilless culture is produced, adopts mainly contains following several kinds of forms:
1) underground cultivating groove that is: digs dark 20cm, the groove of wide 48cm, and separation 90cm, length 20m, the bottom land gradient is 3 ‰～5 ‰, low side is established gully or drain ditch, is used to discharge redundant moisture in the cultivating groove.Lay the plastic foil that is used to isolate soil in the groove, complete plastic foil after, can spread the thick rough sand of one deck 5cm in the bottom, the woven bag that one deck can water-permeable and air permeable on the rough sand upper berth promptly can load cultivation matrix (Ningxia agriculture and forestry science and technology 2009 (6) 198) on the woven bag.The structure of the cultivating groove of this form is the simplest, and cost is lower, but shortcoming cannot not be suitable the soil that soil property is loose, and service time is short, and is very easy in operation trample on cultivating groove and makes its distortion.The suitable in addition low coastal region of height above sea level, because of the rainy season of this area more concentrated, to rainy season underground water sharply rise, so be very easy to ponding in the cultivating groove, water can be filled cultivating groove, thereby causes the underproduction or total crop failure.
2) brick structure ground cultivating groove that is: selects for use 24 * 12 * 5cm standard brick to process the cultivating groove framework, internal diameter 48cm; External diameter 72cm, high 15cm (3 layers of brick), length＜30m; Separation (brick olo) 72cm, the thick 0.1mm of film, wide 80cm; Film is pressed between ground floor brick and the second layer brick, and length is decided according to the length of cultivating groove.After groove was built well, elder generation is the thick rough sand of one deck 5cm on the film upper berth, and the woven bag of one deck ability water-permeable and air permeable on the rough sand upper berth loads cultivation matrix (Ningxia agriculture and forestry science and technology 2009 (6) 198) on the woven bag again.The cultivating groove of this form is to adopt horizontal 3 layers of brick one-tenth, the more cost that increased of the first usefulness brick, and the second cultivating groove height has only 10cm; The thickness of cultivation matrix has only 5cm, because the variation of winter or summer temp is bigger, the temperature of matrix changes with variations in temperature in the facility; Summer, water supply in media was very easy to evaporation; In case insufficient water is easy to occur lack of water, thereby influence plant growth, so cumbersome in the management of water; Winter, on the ground cultivating groove received the influence of low temperature bigger, and because of the thin temperature of matrix reduce also fast, so to crop (particularly solanaceous vegetables) root growth, surviving the winter has certain influence, therefore be not suitable for tangible area of the four seasons especially.
3) high-level cultivating groove, this cultivating groove is arranged on the pallet of certain altitude, so that bookkeeping.Cultivating groove is made up of two membranes, and about two membranes spacing 5cm, the upper strata is a black gardening ground cloth, and permeability is good, is beneficial to ventilative draining, carries cultivation matrix, closes up and be fixed on the pallet in two ends; Lower floor is a transparent plastic film, closes up and also be fixed on the pallet in two ends.Lower membrane one bottom portion punches and is connected with return duct, and the return duct other end links to each other with liquid storage tank, after unnecessary nutrient solution drops onto lower membrane through upper strata cloth in the matrix, flows back to liquid storage tank (the Changjiang river vegetables 2011 (06) 28-31) through return duct.This kind overhead system cultivating groove only is fit to short and small crops such as planting strawberry, and higher relatively to the greenhouse experiment requirement, and cost is also high, therefore the cultivation of suitable solanaceous vegetables.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of region, environment, climatic influences of receiving little, and the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation rational in infrastructure.
In order to achieve the above object, the cultivating groove that is suitable for solanaceous vegetables cultivation provided by the invention comprises groove top, trench bottom, soakaway trench, heat-insulation layer, plastic film, pearl rock stratum, nonwoven layer and organic-inorganic mixed-matrix; Wherein groove top is the cuboid that upper and lower side is formed with opening, and its top 1/4 is positioned on the ground, all the other 3/4 be positioned at underground; The cross section of trench bottom is in the shape of the letter V, and its port is connected the lower ending opening place on groove top; Soakaway trench is arranged on trench bottom along the length direction of cultivating groove and locates bottom, is formed with a plurality of permeable holes on it, and external packets is covered with nonwoven, and an end of soakaway trench links to each other with drainage pipeline in the greenhouse, and drainage pipeline then joins with underground liquid storing barrel or pond; Heat-insulation layer is arranged on the inner surface of groove top and trench bottom; Covering plastic thin film is on the inner surface of heat-insulation layer; The pearl rock stratum is arranged on trench bottom inside; Nonwoven layer is horizontally set on the surface of pearl rock stratum; The organic-inorganic mixed-matrix then is set in place the groove upper interior portion in nonwoven layer top.
Described groove top is built into by the polylith brick-on-end, the brick one-tenth that trench bottom is tiltedly put by polylith.
Described soakaway trench is the pvc pipe of diameter 7-8cm, and a plurality of permeable holes on it are irregular arranges, and the diameter of permeable hole is 1cm.
Described heat-insulation layer is that the cystosepiment of 2cm constitutes by thickness.
The thickness of described organic-inorganic mixed-matrix is more than or equal to 20cm.
Nonwoven is 30-40g/cm quantitatively in the described nonwoven layer
2, be coated on the outside nonwoven of soakaway trench and quantitatively be 30g/cm
2
The thickness of described plastic film is 0.1mm.
The height on described groove top is 24cm, and the height of trench bottom is 12cm.
Most of groove top and whole trench bottom all are positioned at underground in the cultivating groove that is suitable for solanaceous vegetables cultivation provided by the invention; And inside is provided with heat-insulation layer, plastic film and pearl rock stratum; Therefore temperature is had certain cushioning effect, can not influence plant growth because of substrate temperature is high summer, even and winter outdoor temperature about-10 ℃; Two generation greenhouse solanaceous vegetables crop also can safe overwintering, therefore can guarantee the yield and quality of vegetables.In addition; This cultivating groove is to utilize V font trench bottom inner pearl rock stratum and soakaway trench to improve drain function; Therefore can make the water content of organic-inorganic mixed-matrix remain on the 40-65% of optimum plant growth, through evidence for many years, this cultivating groove improves more than 22% than the tomato yield of flat cultivating groove; The solubility pol has improved 8%-10%, and vitamin C has on average improved 9.8%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cultivating groove transverse sectional view that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is for soakaway trench in the cultivating groove shown in Fig. 1 and be coated on the outside nonwoven fabric construct sketch map of soakaway trench.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation provided by the invention is elaborated.
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation provided by the invention comprises groove top 1, trench bottom 10, soakaway trench 4, heat-insulation layer 2, plastic film 3, pearl rock stratum 6, nonwoven layer 7 and organic-inorganic mixed-matrix 8; Wherein groove top 1 is formed with the cuboid of opening for upper and lower side, and its top 1/4 is positioned on the ground, and all the other 3/4 are positioned at undergroundly, be built into by the polylith brick-on-end, and highly be 24cm; The cross section of trench bottom 10 is in the shape of the letter V, and its port is connected the lower ending opening place on groove top 1, by the brick one-tenth that polylith is tiltedly put, highly is 12cm; Soakaway trench 4 is arranged on trench bottom 10 along the length direction of cultivating groove and locates bottom, is the pvc pipe of diameter 7-8cm, is formed with on it a plurality ofly to be irregular and to arrange and diameter is the permeable hole 9 of 1cm, and external packets is covered with and quantitatively is 30g/cm
2Nonwoven 5, and an end of soakaway trench 4 links to each other with drainage pipeline in the greenhouse, drainage pipeline then joins with underground liquid storing barrel or pond; Heat-insulation layer 2 is arranged on the inner surface of groove top 1 and trench bottom 10, is that the cystosepiment of 2cm constitutes by thickness; Plastic film 3 is laid on the inner surface of heat-insulation layer 2, and thickness is 0.1mm; Pearl rock stratum 6 is arranged on trench bottom 10 inside; Nonwoven layer 7 is horizontally set on the surface of pearl rock stratum 6, and nonwoven is 30-40g/cm quantitatively on it
28 of organic-inorganic mixed-matrixes are set in place 1 inside, groove top in nonwoven layer 7 tops, and thickness is more than or equal to 20cm.
The cultivating groove method for using that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation provided by the invention is set forth as follows: at first the root system with solanaceous vegetables is planted in the organic-inorganic mixed-matrix 8 at present.In planting process; Watering the water or the nutrient solution part that are filled on the vegetables is absorbed by its root; Unnecessary water or nutrient solution then flow into pearl rock stratum 6 through organic-inorganic mixed-matrix 8 and nonwoven layer 7; Then pass through pearl rock stratum 6, and then the inside of the 9 inflow soakaway trenchs 4 of the permeable hole on nonwoven 5 and soakaway trench 4, enter in underground liquid storing barrel or the pond through drainage pipeline at last.Wherein the effect of nonwoven layer 7 is to filter, and it allows, and unnecessary water or nutrient solution passes through in the organic-inorganic mixed-matrix 8, and matrix granule then can not pass through.The effect of nonwoven 5 also is to filter, and its water or nutrient solution that allows to flow in the pearl rock stratum 6 passes through permeable hole 9, prevents that perlite particle from stopping up permeable hole 9.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is suitable for the cultivating groove that solanaceous vegetables is cultivated, and it is characterized in that: described cultivating groove comprises groove top (1), trench bottom (10), soakaway trench (4), heat-insulation layer (2), plastic film (3), pearl rock stratum (6), nonwoven layer (7) and organic-inorganic mixed-matrix (8); Wherein groove top (1) is formed with the cuboid of opening for upper and lower side, and its top 1/4 is positioned on the ground, all the other 3/4 be positioned at underground; The cross section of trench bottom (10) is in the shape of the letter V, and its port is connected the lower ending opening place on groove top (1); Soakaway trench (4) is arranged on trench bottom (10) along the length direction of cultivating groove and locates bottom; Be formed with a plurality of permeable holes (9) on it; External packets is covered with nonwoven (5), and an end of soakaway trench (4) links to each other with drainage pipeline in the greenhouse, and drainage pipeline then joins with underground liquid storing barrel or pond; Heat-insulation layer (2) is arranged on the inner surface of groove top (1) and trench bottom (10); Plastic film (3) is laid on the inner surface of heat-insulation layer (2); Pearl rock stratum (6) is arranged on trench bottom (10) inside; Nonwoven layer (7) is horizontally set on the surface of pearl rock stratum (6); Organic-inorganic mixed-matrix (8) then is set in place the inside, groove top (1) in nonwoven layer (7) top.
2. the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described groove top (1) is built into by the polylith brick-on-end, the brick one-tenth that trench bottom (10) is tiltedly put by polylith.
3. the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described soakaway trench (4) is the pvc pipe of diameter 7-8cm, and a plurality of permeable holes (9) on it are irregular arranges, and the diameter of permeable hole (9) is 1cm.
4. the cultivating groove that is suitable for solanaceous vegetables cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heat-insulation layer (2) is that the cystosepiment of 2cm constitutes by thickness.
5. the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described organic-inorganic mixed-matrix (8) is more than or equal to 20cm.
6. the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: that nonwoven quantitatively is 30-40g/cm in the described nonwoven layer (7)
2, be coated on the outside nonwoven (5) of soakaway trench (4) and quantitatively be 30g/cm
2
7. the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described plastic film (3) is 0.1mm.
8. the cultivating groove that is suitable for the solanaceous vegetables cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the height on described groove top (1) is 24cm, the height of trench bottom (10) is 12cm.
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| CN2012102965607A CN102783403B (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | Cultivation trough suitable for cultivation of solanaceous fruit vegetables |
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| CN2012102965607A CN102783403B (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | Cultivation trough suitable for cultivation of solanaceous fruit vegetables |
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| CN102783403A true CN102783403A (en) | 2012-11-21 |
| CN102783403B CN102783403B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103026956A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-10 | 北京林业大学 | Groove type soilless cultivating method for paeonia lactiflora pall cutting flowers |
| CN103250622A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-08-21 | 王强 | Water absorption soilless cultivation device |
| CN103858703A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-18 | 李力 | Biodegradation planting greenhouse |
| CN103988770A (en) * | 2014-06-08 | 2014-08-20 | 云南睿智农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating tomatoes in greenhouse in soilless mode |
| CN105191605A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-30 | 单县绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato cultivation method |
| CN105660346A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-15 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless organic cultivation underground tank and application thereof |
| CN107242122A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-13 | 贵州山乡原生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of survive the winter method for culturing seedlings of solanaceous vegetables in high Humid Area |
| CN107801625A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-03-16 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of ladder combined type solid cultivation system |
| CN108651071A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-16 | 永春县康绿隆果蔬有限公司 | A kind of buried overwintering cultivation system and method for matrix packet overhead |
| CN108811909A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽云维信息科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse humidity control apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103026956A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-10 | 北京林业大学 | Groove type soilless cultivating method for paeonia lactiflora pall cutting flowers |
| CN103250622A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-08-21 | 王强 | Water absorption soilless cultivation device |
| CN103858703A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-18 | 李力 | Biodegradation planting greenhouse |
| CN103858703B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-11-25 | 李力 | A kind of biological degradation planting greenhouse |
| CN103988770B (en) * | 2014-06-08 | 2017-01-04 | 云南睿智农业科技有限公司 | The soilless culture method of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in greenhouse |
| CN103988770A (en) * | 2014-06-08 | 2014-08-20 | 云南睿智农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating tomatoes in greenhouse in soilless mode |
| CN105191605A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-30 | 单县绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato cultivation method |
| CN105660346A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-15 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Soilless organic cultivation underground tank and application thereof |
| CN107242122A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-13 | 贵州山乡原生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of survive the winter method for culturing seedlings of solanaceous vegetables in high Humid Area |
| CN107801625A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-03-16 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of ladder combined type solid cultivation system |
| CN108811909A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽云维信息科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse humidity control apparatus |
| CN108651071A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-16 | 永春县康绿隆果蔬有限公司 | A kind of buried overwintering cultivation system and method for matrix packet overhead |
| CN108651071B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2024-05-14 | 永春县康绿隆果蔬有限公司 | Matrix-embedded overhead ground-buried overwintering cultivation system and method |
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