CN102745165B - 一种气密封的主动式气囊 - Google Patents

一种气密封的主动式气囊 Download PDF

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CN102745165B
CN102745165B CN201210067559.7A CN201210067559A CN102745165B CN 102745165 B CN102745165 B CN 102745165B CN 201210067559 A CN201210067559 A CN 201210067559A CN 102745165 B CN102745165 B CN 102745165B
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rib
antetheca
basal wall
narrow
air bag
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CN102745165A (zh
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雷蒙德·E·卡利什
杰弗里·N·康利
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
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    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/223—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a triangle wave or of a sawtooth wave, e.g. zigzagged
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于机动车辆的主动式气囊，具有抵靠车辆刚性结构安装的基壁。前壁覆盖在基壁上并且形成车辆的内饰部件。基壁具有朝向前壁的第一表面，并且前壁具有朝向基壁的第二表面。基壁和前壁围绕闭合周边相连接以在第一和第二表面之间形成带有初始开放空间的充气腔。基壁包括沿闭合周边持续从第一表面凸起的宽肋，宽肋沿闭合周边的最小径向宽度等于第一预定径向宽度。前壁包括多个沿闭合周边持续从第二表面同心地凸起的窄肋。每个窄肋焊接在宽肋上，并且每个窄肋在沿闭合周边的各个位置的径向宽度小于宽肋在该各个位置径向宽度的一半。

Description

一种气密封的主动式气囊
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气密封的主动式气囊。
背景技术
本发明总体上涉及车辆内用于乘客碰撞保护的主动式气囊，并且更具体的，涉及形成用于主动式气囊的充气气袋的两个塑料板之间的环绕气密封。
主动式气囊是带有充气腔的车辆乘客保护装置以在碰撞期间吸收冲击并减小乘客伤害。与穿过多个开口而展开空气垫相比，在碰撞事件的初期主动式气囊使用内饰表面自身膨胀以吸收冲击力并通过膨胀气体的动作耗散能量。2010年6月26日申请的美国专利申请12/824150公开了一种集成入杂物箱的门的重量轻并且视觉上吸引人的主动式膝部气囊，其作为参考合并入本文。
在典型的结构中，主动式气囊包括面向车内乘客的并且沿密封边缘连接至基壁或基板的前壁或前板。这些壁中的其中一个或者两个都是可变形的以便提供充气腔。例如，基壁可包括在膨胀期间伸直的锯齿状或可折叠的区域。在展开前、未膨胀的情况下壁初始彼此间隔较小量。这允许膨胀气体以实现在板整体上均匀膨胀的方式进入。
典型的主动式气囊的前壁和基壁由模制的热塑性塑料组成，例如聚乙烯、聚烯烃或PVC。它们可采用吹塑成型或者注塑成型。前壁和基壁必须沿边缘的四周气密性地连接以形成充气腔。连接必须牢固以抵抗膨胀期间高压引起的分离。
从制造的角度出发，焊接(例如热板焊接、超声波焊接、摩擦焊接或激光焊接)是连接前壁和基壁的一种期望的方法。为了提供焊接表面，可将一个壁上的凸起的环绕肋或垒延伸至接触其它壁上相匹配的凸起的肋。但是，这种焊接在膨胀期间必须承受大的剪切力，并且焊接的疏忽可导致完全失去吸收冲击力的能力。
发明内容
本发明采用在焊接部件之间提供改进的渗透的焊接表面和过度的焊接以实现主动式气囊更高的安全性和可靠性。
在本发明的一个方面，提供了用于机动车辆的主动式气囊。基壁设置用于抵靠车辆刚性结构安装。前壁覆盖在基壁上并且形成车辆的内饰部件。基壁具有面向前壁的第一表面，并且前壁具有面向基壁的第二表面。基壁和前壁由模制的塑料部件组成。它们沿闭合的周边连接以在第一和第二表面之间形成具有初始开放空间的充气腔。基壁包括连续地沿闭合周边从第一表面凸起的宽肋，宽肋沿闭合周边的最小径向宽度等于第一预定径向宽度(radialwidth)。前壁包括多个沿闭合周边缘连续地从第二表面同心突出的多个窄肋。每个窄肋焊接至宽肋，并且每个窄肋沿闭合周边在各个位置处的径向宽度小于在该各个位置处宽肋径向宽度的一半。
附图说明
图1是能够应用本发明的一种类型的主动式膝部气囊杂物箱门系统的外观分解透视图；
图2是显示了形成内部气囊的封闭周边焊接位置的基壁和前壁总成的平面图；
图3是焊接处的横截面，其中前壁和基壁具有相匹配的肋；
图4为显示改进的焊接的横截面，其中窄肋连接至宽肋以在焊接处提供更深的渗透或咬合(bite)；
图5是焊接处另一个实施例的横截面；
图6是具有多个窄肋的替代实施例中基壁内表面的平面图；
图7A是宽肋的横截面，以及图7B-D是窄肋各种实施例的横截面；
图8和9显示为楔形窄肋的横截面；
图10和11显示了沿充气腔周边的四周气密封的起伏路径的平面图。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1，现有技术中的主动式膝部气囊系统10具有形成气囊基座的基板部件11。基板11可如图1中所示通过和储物空间或杂物箱12铰接而连接在车辆上，或者安装在另一个结构上，例如转向柱的下方的仪表盘支承结构。这样的位置容易接触坐在车辆内对应乘坐位置上的个人的膝部。
基板11具有边缘13，其适用于密封至带有匹配周边15的前板部件14。基板11和前板14优选由模制塑料组成并且可通过塑焊连接(例如热板焊接)以围绕内部开放空间17形成周边密封以便形成气腔。撞击期间膨胀气体源16通过电子控制激活以释放气体给气囊充气。前板14可包含内饰表面(例如杂物箱的门的外部)，或者额外的外壳18可应用至前板14的外表面(例如A级表面，ClassAsurface)。优选地，外壳18由塑料构成并且可以是带有纹理或者其它方式抛光的真空成型的热塑性双向层压件。
图2显示了基板和前板的总成20。围绕其边缘15，在板之间形成内部焊缝21以形成内部充气腔22。当充气源16将气体释放至气囊22时，膨胀的气体使气囊22膨胀导致剪应力施加至焊缝21。焊接疏忽可导致不能密封以及劣化的气囊性能。
在典型的热板焊接中，如图3所示使用相匹配的肋。这样，后壁11和前壁14包括在25处热焊的相匹配的肋24、23。这种焊接的强度和肋的宽度(例如焊接处的表面积)成比例。在包括带有光滑前表面和从后表面延伸的凸起的薄壁的注模部件中，在前表面对应于凸起的位置处可能形成了不期望的凹陷26。如果为了避免凹陷而将相匹配的肋保持在低宽度，可导致焊接强度不足。在本发明中发现通过使用匹配宽度的肋之外的其它方法可改进焊接强度，以便于同时实现高强度和避免凹陷。
如图4中显示的，壁30包括宽肋31。壁30优选为基壁，因为如果它为基壁那么任何出现在外表面上对应于肋31的凹陷将不会位于成品工件可见的表面上。第二壁32包括在焊接36、37和38处热焊至宽肋31的多个肋33、34和35。肋31以及33-35沿壁的闭合周边连续地从它们各自的表面凸起以在它们之间提供连续的密封。如果壁32是前壁，那么它的外层的或A级可见表面39保持平滑而没有任何从肋33-35反面形成的凹陷。
图5显示了其中基壁40具有宽肋41的实施例。基壁40安装至支承结构42，例如杂物箱的门。前壁43包括渗透进或咬合进宽肋41的窄肋44、45和46。这样，焊接实现更好的渗透，更大的表面积、加强的强度以及充足的密封。
图6显示了替代的实施例，其中后壁50可包括用于匹配前壁(未显示)上的宽肋的窄肋51和52。模制容器53容纳气罐。多个易碎突起54延伸至接触前壁以在壁之间形成可撕裂连接，并且可用与肋51和52相同的操作来焊接。提供一对排气口55用于在乘客和气囊的碰撞期间可控地排出气体。
图7中显示了宽肋和窄肋的多种大小关系。图7A显示了具有径向宽度为W的宽肋61的第一壁60。沿肋61延伸的环绕方向截取图7A中的横截面。
图7B中显示了相对的壁62的第一实施例。窄肋63和64匹配在宽肋61的径向宽度W的边界内。宽肋61的径向宽度不必沿周边一直恒定，并且出于各种原因径向宽度可在沿闭合周边的不同的位置变化。但是，在某些位置，宽肋的径向宽度W等于根据焊接强度确定的最小宽度。每个窄肋沿闭合周边在各个位置的径向宽度小于宽肋在该各个位置处径向宽度的一半(由此允许两个肋一直保持在宽肋的边界内)。此外，当所述表面是A级表面的一部分时，每个窄肋各自的径向宽度优选地足够小以避免在壁的外表面出现凹陷。
图7C显示了限制更大的实施例，其中壁65包括位于间隙68的相反两侧的一对窄肋66和67。每个窄肋66、67以及间隙68的径向宽度等于或小于径向宽度W的大约1/4。肋66和67相对于肋61平均分布并且与之共心，以便于肋61的外部延伸在窄肋66和67的半径之外，这样两个肋都渗透进宽肋61。可选择地，窄肋可以不平均分布。
图7D显示了壁70包括三个肋71、72和73并带有中间间隙74和75的实施例，其径向宽度均小于或等于径向宽度W的大约1/6。
窄肋的形状可与如上所显示的矩形、顶部平坦的肋条有所不同。图8显示了有助于渗透进宽肋的带有尖头的楔形。具体地，在壁上提供宽肋80。第二壁81具有楔形窄肋82和83。图9显示为另外一种楔形，其中窄肋85和86分别具有垂直边和倾斜边。如显示的，所述垂直边可朝向相反的方向。
使用围绕周边的起伏路径的肋可实现焊接强度的进一步改善。图10显示了带有一对沿波浪路径的窄肋91和92的板壁90。在另一壁(未显示)上的宽肋遵循匹配的路径。图11显示了替代的起伏路径，其中一对窄肋93和94遵循锯齿路线。可沿全部周边或仅仅一部分周边使用修改的路径。
可使用既有的方法制造本发明中的主动式气囊。具有基壁的基板优选地由塑料材料注塑成型用于抵靠车辆刚性结构安装。基壁具有背向刚性结构的第一表面并且包括沿密封边缘连续地从第一表面凸起的宽肋。具有前壁的前板优选以相似或相同的适合用于热焊的塑料材料注塑成型。当覆盖基壁以形成车辆的内饰部件时，从前壁第二表面同心地凸起的多个窄肋连续和宽肋沿闭合周边相匹配。每个窄肋在沿闭合周边的各个位置的径向宽度小于宽肋在该各个位置处径向宽度的一半。窄肋和宽肋热焊以便于基壁和前壁围绕闭合周边连接从而在第一和第二表面形成具有初始开放空间的充气腔。对于热板焊接，基壁和前壁装入夹具并将肋对齐。热板夹在两个部件之间和肋接触。加热至期望的温度后，去除热板并且将肋压在一起。窄肋渗透进宽肋以建立本发明中的气密封。

Claims (21)

1.一种机动车辆的主动式气囊，包括：
抵靠所述车辆的刚性结构安装的基壁；以及
覆盖在所述基壁上并形成所述车辆的内饰部件的前壁；
其中所述基壁具有朝向所述前壁的第一表面，并且所述前壁具有朝向所述基壁的第二表面；
其中所述基壁和前壁由模制的塑料部件组成，并且所述基壁和前壁围绕闭合周边连接以在所述第一表面和第二表面之间形成具有初始开放空间的充气腔；
其中，所述基壁和前壁中的第一者包括沿所述闭合周边连续地从所述第一表面凸起的宽肋，所述宽肋沿所述闭合周边具有预定的径向宽度；
所述基壁和前壁中的第二者包括沿所述闭合周边同心地从所述第二表面凸起的多个窄肋，其中，每个所述窄肋均焊接至所述宽肋，每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边在各个位置的径向宽度小于所述宽肋在所述各个位置的径向宽度的一半。
2.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述多个窄肋包括两个窄肋，每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边在各个位置的径向宽度小于或等于所述宽肋在所述各个位置的径向宽度的四分之一。
3.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述多个窄肋包括三个窄肋，每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边在各个位置的径向宽度小于或等于所述宽肋在所述各个位置的径向宽度的六分之一。
4.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述基壁和所述前壁为注塑成型，且其中热焊所述窄肋和所述宽肋。
5.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述主动式气囊是膝部气囊，而所述前壁配置用于缓冲机动车量内乘客膝部区域。
6.根据权利要求5所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述基壁和所述前壁连接至杂物箱门。
7.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述基壁和所述前壁配置为连接至在所述机动车辆的内门板。
8.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，进一步包括连接在所述前壁上的外壳以提供所述机动车辆的A级表面。
9.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述宽肋和所述窄肋通过热板焊接而焊接在一起。
10.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，进一步包括所述初始开放空间内所述基壁和所述前壁之间的多个易碎突起，其中所述易碎突起焊接在焊接所述宽肋和所述窄肋时形成的连接处。
11.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述窄肋是楔形。
12.根据权利要求1所述的主动式气囊，其特征在于，所述宽肋和所述窄肋遵循起伏的路径。
13.一种制造机动车辆主动式气囊的方法，包括以下步骤：
注塑成型基壁用于抵靠所述车辆的刚性结构安装，所述基壁具有背向所述刚性结构的第一表面，所述基壁由塑料组成并且包括沿闭合周边连续地从所述第一表面凸起的宽肋，所述宽肋沿所述闭合周边具有预定的径向宽度；
注塑成型覆盖所述基壁并形成所述车辆的内饰部件的前壁，所述前壁具有面向所述基壁的第二表面，所述前壁由塑料组成并包括沿所述闭合周边从所述第二表面同心地凸起的多个窄肋，并且每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边在各个位置的径向宽度小于所述宽肋在所述各个位置的径向宽度的一半；
将所述窄肋热焊至所述宽肋以便于所述基壁和所述前壁围绕所述闭合周边连接以在所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间形成带有初始开放空间的充气腔。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个窄肋包括两个窄肋，每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边在各个位置的径向宽度小于或等于所述宽肋在所述各个位置的径向宽度的四分之一。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个窄肋包括三个窄肋，每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边在各个位置的径向宽度小于或等于所述宽肋在所述各个位置的径向宽度的六分之一。
16.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述热焊的步骤包括热板焊接。
17.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基壁和所述前壁中的至少一者包括用于在所述初始开放空间内连接所述基壁和所述前壁的多个突起，所述方法进一步包括以下步骤：
焊接所述多个突起以形成在所述充气气囊膨胀期间断开的易碎的相互连接。
18.一种车用气囊，包括：
具有围绕闭合周边连接的第一表面和第二表面的基壁和前壁；
所述基壁包括在所述第一表面上沿所述闭合周边的具有预定宽度的宽肋；
所述前壁包括在第二表面上沿所述闭合周边的窄肋，每个窄肋焊接在所述宽肋上并且其宽度小于所述宽肋的所述宽度的一半。
19.根据权利要求18所述的车用气囊，其特征在于，所述窄肋包括两个窄肋，每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边的各自宽度小于所述宽肋的所述宽度的四分之一。
20.根据权利要求18所述的车用气囊，其特征在于，所述窄肋包括三个窄肋，每个窄肋沿所述闭合周边的各自宽度小于所述宽肋的所述宽度的六分之一。
21.根据权利要求18所述的车用气囊，其特征在于，通过热板焊接将所述宽肋和窄肋焊接在一起。
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RU2584408C2 (ru) 2016-05-20
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US8474868B2 (en) 2013-07-02
RU2012115641A (ru) 2013-10-27
CN102745165A (zh) 2012-10-24

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