CN105438108B - 具有带凹坑的焊接轨道的主动垫 - Google Patents

具有带凹坑的焊接轨道的主动垫 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105438108B
CN105438108B CN201510578995.4A CN201510578995A CN105438108B CN 105438108 B CN105438108 B CN 105438108B CN 201510578995 A CN201510578995 A CN 201510578995A CN 105438108 B CN105438108 B CN 105438108B
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upper section
section
lower section
welded rails
weld
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CN105438108A (zh
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布兰登·M·阿塞拉格
肖恩·B·韦斯特
斯泰西·H·瑞恩斯
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/04—Padded linings for the vehicle interior ; Energy absorbing structures associated with padded or non-padded linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
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    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
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    • B62D27/02—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于机动车辆的主动垫具有带焊接轨道的外饰板。可膨胀的气囊元件具有配置用于连接到车辆的支撑结构的中央段、沿着周向边缘的焊接凸缘、以及中央段和焊接凸缘之间的折叠区域。焊接轨道和焊接凸缘通过热焊接接合以形成密封腔。焊接轨道包括多个径向间隔的台阶式凹坑。每个凹坑具有上段和下段，上段限定具有各自的第一横截面面积的第一开口，下段限定具有小于各自的第一面积的各自的第二横截面面积的第二开口。每个上段的周边被热焊接熔化并且每个下段的周边不被热焊接熔化。

Description

具有带凹坑的焊接轨道的主动垫
背景技术
本发明总体涉及用于机动车辆中乘员碰撞保护的主动垫，并且更具体地涉及提高可膨胀的气囊元件和单独模制的装饰壁之间的结合的稳健性。
主动垫是具有可充气气囊以在碰撞期间吸收冲击并减少对乘员的创伤的车辆乘员保护装置。与一旦充气就从各种开口后面显露出来的可展开的安全气囊垫不同，主动垫在碰撞事件开始时使用内饰表面自身来膨胀，用于通过充气气体的作用吸收冲击和消散能量。通过引用并入本文的美国专利号为8,205,909、公告日为2012年6月26日的专利公开了一种集成到手套箱门的主动膝部垫，该主动膝部垫重量轻且视觉上吸引人。也通过引用并入本文的美国专利号为8,474,868、公告日为2013年7月2日的专利公开了一种典型结构，其中主动垫包括外壁或饰板，该外壁或饰板面向车辆乘员并沿着密封的边缘连接到内壁或面板。一个或两个壁是可变形的，以便提供可充气的气囊。例如，内壁(即，气囊壁)可以具有在充气期间拉直的折叠(即，手风琴状)区域。壁当处于其展开前、非充气状态时，最初隔开较少的量。这允许充气气体以可以实现跨过面板均匀充气的方式进入。
典型的主动垫的内壁和外壁是由模制的热塑性塑料——例如聚乙烯，聚烯烃或PVC(聚氯乙烯)——组成。它们通常是注塑成型的，但也可以是吹塑成型的。当分别形成时，壁必须围绕其边缘密封地接合，以便形成可充气的气囊。该接合必须是牢固的以抵抗充气期间由于高压力造成的分离。
密封气囊壁的已知方法是通过热焊接，热焊接涉及匹配表面的加热，并且然后将它们压缩在一起。示例包括热板焊接、红外焊接和激光焊接。总体平面的焊接凸缘已经围绕由外(装饰)壁的总体平面的表面接收的内(气囊)壁的外周边设置。外壁和/或内表面还可以包括直立的焊接肋，直立的焊接肋通过在热焊接过程中穿透并与焊接凸缘或其它相对的表面熔合来增加焊缝强度，在热焊接过程中，被焊接的区域被加热，然后被压缩。不管这些肋的穿透，焊缝分离仍旧是由于各种原因——包括被焊接的部件的翘曲、在焊接期间热板的温度变化、在焊接期间施加的压力的未校正的差异、可以由不同的塑料配方模制的装饰壁和气囊壁之间的特性差异——导致的主动垫的潜在故障模式。
充气期间的各种应力也导致焊缝故障的可能性。由于使折叠的气囊壁可充气所需的弹性，显著的剥离应力可以在膨胀期间施加到焊缝。应力的另一个来源是由于来自充气机的气流的爆发性启动造成的冲击波。在充气期间整体气囊结构的扭曲和不均匀的凸出可以产生应力，或在某些焊缝位置(如沿焊缝的长直边)集中存在的应力。
发明内容
在本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于机动车辆的内饰表面的主动垫。塑料模制的外饰板具有在内表面上的焊接轨道。塑料模制的可膨胀的气囊元件具有配置用于连接到车辆的支撑结构的中央连接段、沿着周向边缘的焊接凸缘、以及在中央连接段和焊接凸缘之间的折叠区域。焊接轨道和焊接凸缘通过热焊接接合以形成密封腔。焊接轨道包括多个径向间隔的台阶式凹坑。每个台阶式凹坑具有上段和下段，上段限定具有各自的第一横截面面积的第一开口，下段从各自的上段突出并且限定具有小于各自的第一横截面面积的各自的第二横截面面积的第二开口。每个上段的周边被热焊接熔化并且每个下段的周边不被热焊接熔化。
附图说明
图1是包括饰板前壁和后气囊壁的现有技术的主动垫总成的透视、分解图；
图2是饰板前壁的内表面的后部平面图；
图3是更详细地示出了图2的现有技术的焊接轨道的一部分的平面图；
图4是图2的焊接轨道的透视、剖视图；
图5是本发明的焊接轨道的一个实施例的平面图，其中形成了具有沿着轨道径向间隔的台阶式凹坑的凸起的焊接轨道；
图6是图5的焊接轨道沿着线6-6的剖视图；
图7是图5的焊接轨道沿着线7-7的剖视图；
图8是由于沿着图5的线6-6的台阶式凹坑形成的热焊缝的剖视图；
图9是含有圆柱体台阶式凹坑的焊接轨道的另一个实施例的透视图；
图10是含有长方体台阶式凹坑的焊接轨道的另一个实施例的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1-4示出了现有技术的主动垫，其中主动垫使用内饰板形成，内饰板是机动车辆中手套箱门的一部分。更具体地，饰板10用作前装饰壁，其接收可膨胀的气囊壁11。面板10具有带有焊接轨道或通道13的内表面12，焊接轨道或通道13优选形成为从内表面向上延伸的肋以便与气囊壁11的外凸缘14结合(如，通过塑料焊接，例如热板焊接)。
气囊壁11具有靠近中心用于安装充气机(未示出)的凹槽15和用于将总成连接到作用表面——例如手套箱门的内面板(未示出)——的多个安装塔16。折叠区17在塔16和外凸缘14之间形成，使得一系列褶可以在充气期间以允许饰板10朝向乘客舱移动以缓冲撞击的乘客的方式打开。
轨道13和凸缘14的热焊接产生了用于接收来自充气机的充气气体的气囊腔。在热焊接操作期间，热板、激光或其它热源用于熔化轨道13和凸缘14的塑料材料，并且在热源被移除之后，然后轨道13和凸缘14被压在一起并冷却，使得熔化的材料混合并焊接在一起。
图3和4更详细地示出了焊接轨道13的一种配置。饰板10具有主体20，主体20实质上是平面的。轨道13包含从主体20的内表面延伸的多个周向肋21-24。多个横跨梁25以网格的方式延伸在相邻的肋21-24之间，以便提供额外的材料和表面积以在热焊接操作期间促进熔化。在热焊缝形成过程中，肋21-24和横跨梁25通过施加的热各自完全熔化。额外的直立的肋26(不是热焊缝的一部分)可以压向气囊元件或与气囊元件联锁以提供帮助减少热焊缝上的剥离应力的针对充气气体的屏障。
本发明使用热焊缝表面上的一系列台阶状凹坑以便增加热焊缝的内在强度。如图5的第一个实施例所示，焊接轨道30包括多个径向间隔的台阶式凹坑31。如图6所示，在焊接轨道30中形成的每个台阶式凹坑31具有上段32和下段33。上段32的特征是具有提供大于由下段33的第二开口35产生的第二横截面面积的第一横截面面积的大小(如，宽度或直径)的开口34，其中下段33从上段34向下突出。如下所述，每个凹坑31可以是圆柱体，长方体或提供上段32大于下段33的宽度或横截面开口的任何其它适当的形状。此外，上段32和下段33各自的深度优选地被选择为使得每个上段32的周边36的至少一部分在热焊缝形成过程中熔化，而每个下段33的周边37的至少一部分不被热焊接熔化。
图6是沿着图5的线6-6观察的横截面，示出了在热焊缝形成过程中垫总成的部件。气囊元件的凸缘38可以承载肋39。饰板的主体40支撑焊接轨道30，焊接轨道30在该实施例被形成为直立的肋。在焊接轨道30和焊接凸缘38至少部分熔化之后，部件在所示的方向使用夹具压在一起以便形成热焊缝。
图7示出了沿着图5的线7-7观察的横截面，其中焊接轨道30被看作是凸起的肋。凹坑31示出了优选的凹坑深度，其中上段32具有使得其完全设置在凸起的肋30内的深度(即，上段32不延伸到饰板主体40)，而下段33具有将其置于肋30下方的深度(即，完全在主体40内)。示出的深度关系促进焊接轨道30围绕上段32熔化，同时防止围绕下段33熔化。
围绕台阶式凹坑的饰板的各个部分各自的熔化和不熔化导致如图8所示的热焊缝结构。围绕下段的未熔化的周边部分导致在未熔化的主体部分41内的一系列井42，井42填充有源自焊接轨道和焊接凸缘的加热部分的熔化的材料43。气囊元件的凸缘的未熔化的上段44因而牢固地接合到饰板主体41。除了来自两个部件的熔化塑料的混合的化学结合，机械结合强度通过熔化的凸耳在井42内固化的形成而增加。
图9是通过面板体51上的凸起肋状焊接轨道50的横截面，其中多个台阶式凹坑52被形成为分别具有圆柱体的上段53和下段54。台阶式凹坑52设置为围绕轨道50的周长径向间隔以及导致沿着横向方向的热焊缝强度的进一步增加的轴向间隔(即，在距离气囊元件的轴心不同的各自的径向距离处)。上段53和下段54的圆柱体轮廓辅助在两个各自的区域的期望的熔化和不熔化。
图10示出了替代实施例，其中由凸起的肋60在饰板主体61的内表面上形成的焊接轨道具有多个模制的台阶式凹坑62，台阶式凹坑62具有长方体轮廓。例如，长方体(即，盒形)上段63提供比下段64更大的轮廓(如，宽度)。凹坑的其他可能的形状包括金字塔形、圆锥形以及其它的棱柱形状。每对各自的上段和下段使用相同的形状或不同的形状形成，并且不同对凹坑可以使用不同的形状(如，一对是圆柱体，相邻的一对是长方体)。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于提供机动车辆的内饰表面的主动垫，包含：
塑料模制的外饰板，其具有在内表面上的焊接轨道；以及
塑料模制的可膨胀的气囊元件，其具有配置用于连接到所述车辆的支撑结构的中央连接段、沿着周向边缘的焊接凸缘、以及在所述中央连接段和所述焊接凸缘之间的折叠区域，其中所述焊接轨道和所述焊接凸缘通过热焊接接合以形成密封腔；
其中所述焊接轨道包括多个径向间隔的台阶式凹坑，每个台阶式凹坑具有上段，所述上段限定具有各自的第一横截面面积的第一开口，并且每个台阶式凹坑具有下段，所述下段从各自的上段突出并且限定具有小于所述各自的第一横截面面积的各自的第二横截面面积的第二开口，其中每个上段的周边被热焊接熔化并且每个下段的周边不被热焊接熔化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的主动垫，其中所述焊接轨道包含从所述内表面凸起的肋，其中所述台阶式凹坑的所述上段设置在所述肋中，并且其中所述下段延伸到所述肋下方的所述饰板中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的主动垫，其中所述上段和所述下段包含各自的圆柱体轮廓。
4.根据权利要求1所述的主动垫，其中所述上段和所述下段包含各自的长方体轮廓。
5.根据权利要求1所述的主动垫，其中所述台阶式凹坑轴向间隔开。
6.一种主动垫，包含：
饰板，其具有周向的焊接轨道；以及
折叠的气囊元件，其可连接到车辆并且包括与所述焊接轨道热焊接的外围凸缘；
其中所述轨道包括多个径向间隔开的台阶式凹坑，所述台阶式凹坑具有上段和下段，所述上段具有熔化的周边，所述下段从各自的上段突出，每个下段具有小于所述熔化的周边的未熔化的周边。
7.根据权利要求6所述的主动垫，其中所述焊接轨道包含在所述饰板的内表面延伸的肋，其中所述多个台阶式凹坑在所述焊接轨道中形成，其中所述台阶式凹坑的所述上段设置在所述肋中，并且其中所述下段延伸到所述肋下方的所述饰板中。
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