CN102726267A

CN102726267A - Method for cultivating sweet osmanthus fragrant chestnut tree

Info

Publication number: CN102726267A
Application number: CN2011100943346A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林光德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-04-13
Filing date: 2011-04-13
Publication date: 2012-10-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating a sweet osmanthus fragrant chestnut tree, belonging to the technical field of cultivation of fruit trees. The method disclosed by the invention is a growing method summarized in the process of growing the sweet osmanthus fragrant chestnut tree for many years. Practice examination proves that the method has a good effect. In the event of growing the sweet osmanthus fragrant chestnut trees in large areas, sweet osmanthus fragrant chestnuts can be produced through the steps of selecting a land, selecting strong seedlings, applying enough base fertilizer, reforming, planting pollinizer in a matched manner, thinning flowers, thinning fruits, preventing and curing plant diseases and insect pests, harvesting in time and the like. The variety is one of the good varieties of chestnuts. The average weight of single chestnut is 12 g. The chestnut shell is dark purple and enriched in gloss. The flesh is yellow and tastes sweet and soft and has cinnamyl alcohol fragrance. The chestnut contains a lot of starch, protein, fat, vitamin B and mineral substances, such as potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese and the like.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the fruit tree planting technique field, relate in particular to the cultivation method that a kind of kind is the fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree.

Background technology:

Chinese chestnut is one of Chinese cultivated fruit tree the earliest, and the cultivation history in 2000～3000 years is arranged approximately, the nut that the Chinese chestnut knot is edible; Nut contains in the involucre of close living spine, and the involucre diameter is 5-11 centimetre, and 1-7 nut arranged in the involucre; Ripe back involucre splits, and the chestnut fruit comes off the nut puce; Pulp is yellowish, and fruit contains sugar, starch, protein, fat and multivitamin, mineral matter.The Chinese chestnut kind has that fragrance of osmanthus, September are cold, black shell Da Youli, middle fruit early tremble, oil chestnut, the big Chinese chestnut of shallow puncture, sting in big Chinese chestnut, the big fruit late in chestnut, the middle fruit late that chestnut, wool are trembled deeply, June bud, ruddiness You Li, Wu Keli, in chestnut, dog tooth chestnut, chinquapin, Mao Li etc. late.The present invention is that a kind of kind is the cultivation method of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree, and fragrance of osmanthus is one of improved seeds of Chinese chestnut, its fruit single fruit counterpoise 12 grams, shell mulberry; Be rich in gloss, pulp is yellow, and the sweet meat of distinguishing the flavor of is tender, and cinnamic alcohol fragrance is arranged; This Chinese chestnut contains lot of starch, rich in protein, fat, vitamin B group, and its vitamin B1, B2 content enrich; The content of vitamin B2 is 4-5 times of rice, and per 100 grams also contain 24 milligrams of vitamin Cs, and contained mineral matter is also very comprehensive; Potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese etc. are arranged, and it is outstanding especially to contain potassium, also higher 4 times than being known as the apple that is rich in potassium.The fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is comparatively extensive to the accommodation of weather soil condition, has both liked the soil moisture content wetland, but the clear sound of Keep away from rain waterlogging, should not be at low-lying area liable to water-logging development Li Yuan.The fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is cold-resistant; The low temperature of ability-28 ℃; Drought-enduring relatively, waterlogging, happiness light, plant appropriate to the occasion select the high and dry tailo of physical features, soil layer deep, loose fertile, be rich in humus, row irrigation is convenient, pH value is 6-6.5 subacidity sand loam is cultivated and is advisable.The wide adaptability during plantation of this kind Chinese chestnut, cold-resistant, heat-resisting, disease-resistant, be suitable for establishing in large scale.

Summary of the invention:

The problem that the present invention mainly solves provides a kind of method of large tracts of land kind fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree, and this method is through practice test, and is respond well.

A kind of method of establishing in large scale fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is characterized in that being made up of following steps:

1. plant when planting the fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree and will select the soil earlier; Select the high and dry tailo of physical features, soil layer deep, loose fertile, be rich in that humus, row irrigation are convenient, pH value is advisable for the subacidity sand loam cultivation of 6-6.5, fix a point by 6 * 8 meters backguys of seeding row spacing when building the garden.

2. select for use strong sprout, high-quality is the key that guarantees survival rate and high yield strong sprout, select highly more than 60 centimetres, grows normally no damage by disease and insect, the high-quality strong sprout of well developed root system.

3. use sufficient base manure, base manure should be main with the autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, time of application with fruit picking after the autumn execute to good, strain is executed 100 kilograms; It is main topdressing with instant nitrogenousfertilizer, cooperates phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and dressing time is early spring and summer, and every strain in early spring imposes 0.2 kilogram in urea, and the every strain of big tree in the full bearing period imposes 2 kilograms in urea, will combine after chasing after to water, and gives full play to fertilizer efficiency; Topdressing summer and carry out in late July to mid-August, is main to execute instant nitrogenousfertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.

A kind of cultivation method of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree, its beneficial effect is: fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree health is grown up strong and sturdy, and can produce high-quality fragrance of osmanthus Chinese chestnut fruit.

Embodiment:

1. shaping: the fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree pruning branch winter cuts with the summer and cuts, and it is a part that cuts off annual branch that the winter cuts, and promptly the very thin branch of giving birth to branch, frequency modulated light branch and interior thorax is removed from base portion is thin; It is when shoot growth to 30 centimetre that summer cuts, and the young sprout top is extractd, and purpose is branch short estranged, result ahead of time.

2. join correctly that to plant pollinizers are the preconditions that obtain high yield; The fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is mainly broadcast pollen by hearsay, but because chestnut has the different ripe and self-flowering fruiting phenomenon of male and female flowering, single variety often produces empty bud because of poor pollination; So must joining, newly-built Li Yuan plants 15% pollinizers; With the Limit of Heat red Chinese chestnut do pollinizers and the fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is pollinated each other, solve the pollination problem, it is respond well to improve fruit-setting rate.

3. flower thinning and fruit thinning in order to guarantee the quality of fruit, carry out flower thinning and fruit thinning, and Xiao Hua, bad flower that flower thinning can directly be given birth to hand excision back keep Da Hua, good flower as far as possible, and generally 1-3 female flower of each fruit bearing shoot reservation is advisable; Stay 1 single bud on the every internode of fruit thinning, when flower and fruit thinning, stay more GPRS tree crown periphery, the principle that interior thorax stays less.

4. prevention and elimination of disease and pests: primary pest has Chinese chestnut: the real moth of 1 chestnut; The control of fruit moth should be taked to set the spray medicine and burnt the Prevention Technique that ground cover combines down with tree; Chemical control, be the chemical control optimum period late July to mid-August, medicament can be used 6000 times of liquid of decis of 2%; In area with good conditionsi, and oophagous trichogrammae capable of using control; 2. the Chinese chestnut clearwing moth adds 0.05 kilogram in 80% dichlorvos with 1.5 kilograms of kerosene, mixes and smears trunk, and effect is splendid, and spraying time is to be advisable March; 3. chestnut cynipid goes out the knurl activity phase of containing the chestnut cynipid and can use 2000 times of ripples of 80% ddvp emulsion or 1500～2000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion to spray tree crown, can eliminate adult in a large number.

5. in time gather: the Chinese chestnut collecting method has two kinds, promptly picks up the chestnut method and beats the grain method, picks up after the chestnut method treats exactly that chestnut is fully ripe and land naturally, and chestnut is picked up in manual work, the benefit of picking up the chestnut method be chestnut full in fact substantial, output is high, quality better, storability are strong; Beating the chestnut method is exactly to disperse in batches the chestnut bud of maturation to be hit down with bamboo pole gently, will tremble then bud, chestnut is real picks up totally.

Claims

1. the cultivation method of a fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is characterized in that: will be earlier during plantation fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree through selection the soil, select strong sprout for use, use sufficient base manure, shaping, join plant pollinizers, flower thinning and fruit thinning, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, in time step such as gather is produced fragrance of osmanthus Chinese chestnut fruit.

2. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1; Its first step is characterised in that: will select the soil earlier during plantation fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree; Select the high and dry tailo of physical features, soil layer deep, loose fertile, be rich in that humus, row irrigation are convenient, pH value is advisable for the subacidity sand loam cultivation of 6-6.5, fix a point by 6 * 8 meters backguys of seeding row spacing when building the garden.

3. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1; Its second step is characterised in that: select strong sprout for use, high-quality is the key that guarantees survival rate and high yield strong sprout, select high more than 60 centimetres; Grow normal no damage by disease and insect, the high-quality strong sprout of well developed root system.

4. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1, its 3rd the step be characterised in that: use sufficient base manure, base manure should be main with the autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, time of application with fruit picking after the autumn execute to good, strain is executed 100 kilograms; It is main topdressing with instant nitrogenousfertilizer, cooperates phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and dressing time is early spring and summer, and every strain in early spring imposes 0.2 kilogram in urea, and the every strain of big tree in the full bearing period imposes 2 kilograms in urea, will combine after chasing after to water, and gives full play to fertilizer efficiency; Topdressing summer and carry out in late July to mid-August, is main to execute instant nitrogenousfertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.

5. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1; Its 4th step is characterised in that: shaping: the fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree pruning branch winter cuts with the summer and cuts; It is a part that cuts off annual branch that winter cuts, and promptly the very thin branch of giving birth to branch, frequency modulated light branch and interior thorax is dredged from base portion and is removed; It is when shoot growth to 30 centimetre that summer cuts, and the young sprout top is extractd, and purpose is branch short estranged, result ahead of time.

6. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1; Its 5th step is characterised in that: join correctly that to plant pollinizers are the preconditions that obtain high yield; The fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is mainly broadcast pollen by hearsay, but because chestnut has the different ripe and self-flowering fruiting phenomenon of male and female flowering, single variety often produces empty bud because of poor pollination; So must joining, newly-built Li Yuan plants 15% pollinizers; With the Limit of Heat red Chinese chestnut do pollinizers and the fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree is pollinated each other, solve the pollination problem, it is respond well to improve fruit-setting rate.

7. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1; Its 6th step is characterised in that: flower thinning and fruit thinning; In order to guarantee the quality of fruit, carry out flower thinning and fruit thinning, flower thinning can directly be extractd Xiao Hua, the bad flower that give birth to the back with hand; Keep Da Hua, good flower, generally 1-3 female flower of each fruit bearing shoot reservation is advisable as far as possible; Stay 1 single bud on the every internode of fruit thinning, when flower and fruit thinning, stay more GPRS tree crown periphery, the principle that interior thorax stays less.

8. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1; Its 7th step is characterised in that:. prevention and elimination of disease and pests: primary pest has Chinese chestnut: the real moth of 1 chestnut, the control of fruit moth should be taked to set the spray medicine and burnt the Prevention Technique that ground cover combines, chemical control down with tree; Be the chemical control optimum period late July to mid-August; Medicament can be used 6000 times of liquid of decis of 2%, in area with good conditionsi, and oophagous trichogrammae capable of using control; 2. the Chinese chestnut clearwing moth adds 0.05 kilogram in 80% dichlorvos with 1.5 kilograms of kerosene, mixes and smears trunk, and effect is splendid, and spraying time is to be advisable March; 3. chestnut cynipid goes out the knurl activity phase of containing the chestnut cynipid and can use 2000 times of ripples of 80% ddvp emulsion or 1500～2000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion to spray tree crown, can eliminate adult in a large number.

9. the cultivation method of a kind of fragrance of osmanthus chestnut tree according to claim 1; Its 8th step is characterised in that: in time gather: the Chinese chestnut collecting method has two kinds; Promptly pick up the chestnut method and beat the grain method; Pick up after the chestnut method treats exactly that chestnut is fully ripe and land naturally, chestnut is picked up in manual work, the benefit of picking up the chestnut method be chestnut real full substantial, output is high, quality better, storability are strong; Beating the chestnut method is exactly to disperse in batches the chestnut bud of maturation to be hit down with bamboo pole gently, will tremble then bud, chestnut is real picks up totally.