CN102701805A - Organic fertilizer produced from plant straws by aerobic fermentation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer produced from plant straws by aerobic fermentation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102701805A CN102701805A CN201210113632XA CN201210113632A CN102701805A CN 102701805 A CN102701805 A CN 102701805A CN 201210113632X A CN201210113632X A CN 201210113632XA CN 201210113632 A CN201210113632 A CN 201210113632A CN 102701805 A CN102701805 A CN 102701805A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing an organic fertilizer from plant straws by aerobic fermentation. According to the method, the plant straws are used as a major material and appropriate portions of edible fungi residue, seed cake, calcium magnesium phosphate and cellulose decomposition bacteria are added to carry out aerobic fermentation of the mixed compost. By applying modern high-temperature aerobic fermentation of the compost, the method comprises the procedures of pre-treatment of raw materials, high-temperature aerobic fermentation, aging, pulverizing, granulating, drying and screening. The method employs a way of fermentation that is different from the traditional process, specifically, high-temperature aerobic fermentation of the compost, to produce the organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the organic fertilizer technical field, particularly a kind of method of utilizing fermentation of plant straws to produce organic fertilizer.
Background technology
China is agriculture prodn big country, and crop acreage is big, and farm crop results back produces a large amount of crop materials, and annual ultimate production reaches more than 700,000,000 ton and with 1.3% speed increase.Contain great number of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element in the stalk; Be one of important organic fertilizer resource of agriculture prodn, the nutrient content of being preserved is equivalent to 1/4th of the present applying quantity of chemical fertilizer of China, but along with agriculture multiple crop index improves and rural laborer's transfer; The most cheap the abundantest renewable resources is not fully used on these earth; Except that the part stalk was made feed and paper making raw material, most straws or quilt burned or are dropped, and utilization ratio is extremely low; Except that the significant wastage that causes the resource and the energy; Also atmosphere pollution, water body bring serious destruction to ecotope, and comprehensive treating process utilizes stalk to become the focus of current research.Because xylogen in the straw, content of cellulose are higher, directly application effect is not good, generally need after fermentation, could use, but system process many (general 25 days even longer) consuming time is macerated in traditional fermentation, is not easy to the industriallization continuous production.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing fermentation of plant straws to produce organic fertilizer.
The organic fertilizer material that utilizes the straw aerobic fermentation to produce according to the invention, its raw material is: straw 60-65%wt, edible fungi residues 20-22%wt, grouts 14-16%wt, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 5%wt, cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent 1%wt.Wherein the water ratio of straw is 30-35%.Alternatively, suitably add the grouts that feces of livestock and poultry replaces equivalent according to local resources, the amount of adding can replace the consumption of grouts, but adds the 20-25% that total amount must not surpass the grouts consumption.
Described grouts are meant that the Grain and Cooking Oil Processing Factory passes through the sub product after pressing method extracts fat with Semen Brassicae campestris or soybean, are rich in vegetable-protein, in this technology, are used as the cultivation detonator.
Described edible fungi residues is the plantation straw mushroom, and depleted developing medium behind the edible mushroomss such as mushroom, mushroom, needle mushroom is used as the fermentation amendment in this technology.
Described fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is a kind of late effect property mineral mineral manure, wherein contains slow phosphorus 12%, and trace element such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus 10% is made the PH regulator in this technology.
Described cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent; Be to choose 6 kinds of bacterial classifications with strong cellulose-decomposing ability; Be respectively: withered grass Bacillussubtilis (Bacillas subtilis), product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Callulomonas.flaoigena), lichens Bacillussubtilis (Bacillus Lichenifpus), strong cellulomonas cartae (Cellulomonas cartae), aspergillus versicolor (Aspergillus versicoior), viride (Trichoderma viride); Above-mentioned each bacterial classification is carried out the liquid or solid fermentation culture alone or in combination; Collect gemma and thalline through adding sorbent material Plate Filtration method; Employing is spray dried to preparation, and the living bacteria count of above-mentioned 6 kinds of bacterial classifications is 1 * 10 in the composite fungus agent product
12-1 * 10
13Individual/gram, each function bacterium is the main body existence form with the gemma in the microbial inoculum, and mould is the main body existence form with the spore, but a small amount of thalline is also arranged.
The present invention produces the method for said organic fertilizer, comprises following technology;
1, the agricultural crop straw of harvesting is handled through doing humidifying; Making its water cut is 30-35%; Mechanical disintegration gets A material, and the dried humidifying of stalk is handled and can be piled frame through harvesting machinery or the artificial bundling that in the harvesting process, gather on one side, dries naturally or dries to water ratio 30-35%; Perhaps adopting chemical herbicide---Paraquat 20 completes fast and becomes withered, with drying naturally or drying to water cut 30-35%.
2, edible fungi residues (rod) membrane removal of formula ratio is smashed to pieces, the calcium magnesium phosphorus of pulverizing, add formula ratio gets the B material.
3, the rapeseed cake dregs of formula ratio or the cellulose-decomposing bacterium mixing of dregs of beans and formula ratio are got the C material.
4, with the A material of formula ratio, the B material stirs through stirrer with the C material, adds suitable quantity of water, makes water cut 55-60%, drops into fermenter.
5, fermentation was carried out under aerobic fermentation condition compost fermentation 7-10 days, and leavening temperature is 50-65 ℃, adopted god of unusual strength's turnover throwing machine turning 3-4 time between yeast phase, was fermentation ends when heap temperature is stabilized in about 30 ℃.
6, fermentation materials is through granulation, and oven dry, screening are finished product, and the water cut of finished product fertilizer is controlled at 15-20%.
The present invention is a main raw material with the straw, suitably adds edible fungi residues, grouts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and cellulose-decomposing bacterium, carries out the hybrid composting aerobic fermentation.Adopt the high-temperature aerobic fermentation process of modern compost; Comprise operations such as raw materials pretreatment, high-temperature aerobic fermentation, slaking, powder essence, granulation, oven dry, screening; Select the fermentation mode different, adopt these organic fertilizer of explained hereafter such as compost high-temperature aerobic fermentation method with traditional technology.Owing to adopt god of unusual strength's oar blade type stack turner; Can be on the track on fermenter both sides walking freely, stir the displacement transhipment work of stirring, aeration and material, add that the cellulose-decomposing bacterium of interpolation can make the material quick fermentation heat up; Temperature can be elevated to 50-65 ℃ at 48 hours; And kept 5-7 days, can effectively kill the germ worm's ovum in the raw material, evaporate large quantity of moisture simultaneously.The present invention can suitably add vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and biocontrol microorganisms etc. according to product needed, makes biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion property multifunctional organic fertilizer material.Reach stalk efficient ecologicalization, recycling, realize the benign cycle effect of environmental protection, the energy, fertilizer comprehensive exploitation.
This product belongs to organic solid fertilizer, has the required nutrient of plant and enriches, and fertilizer efficiency is permanent; Improve the soil, characteristics such as culture fertility, the content of the organic matter of product, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium reaches the required standard of national fertilizer; Can promote various crop growths, because the cellulose-decomposing bacterium of being added is after fermenting process finishes, metabolism produces a large amount of humic acid and bioactive enzyme; Can not only promote the formation of soil aggregate, stimulate the soil useful microbe movable, alleviate the destruction of agriculture chemical soil; Improve the ability of soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping, and, promote crop healthy growth and well developed root system through the absorption and the utilization of crop root to microbiological degradation thing and meta-bolites thereof; The prevention damping-off, the generation of soil-borne diseases such as verticillium.
This product application is in extensive range, various farm crop, and fruit tree, flowers can both adapt to.Being particularly suitable for the organic farm products production base uses.This product mainly is as the base manure or the use of topdressing, and also can make root and drench fertile the use.
Embodiment
In the straw 60%wt of following ratio preparing raw materials: water cut 30-35%, edible fungi residues 20%wt, grouts 14%wt, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 5%wt, cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent 1%wt.Wherein straw is the mixed straw of cornstalk and cotton bar, and edible fungi residues is a depleted developing medium after the plantation needle mushroom, and grouts are dregs of rapeseed cake, is the sub product after the squeezing rapeseed oil, and the cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent is the microbial inoculum described in the summary of the invention.
According to following technical process raw material is handled:
1, be that the straw of 30-35% is pulverized with stalk crasher with water cut, the A material;
2,, smash the calcium magnesium phosphorus that adds formula ratio to pieces and get the B material with the edible fungi residues striping;
3, the formula ratio dregs of rapeseed cake is pulverized, the interpolation cellulose-decomposing bacterium also stirs, and gets the C material;
4, with the A material of formula ratio, the B material drops into the mixer mixing with the C material, adds an amount of water, and making total material moisture content is about 55%;
5, the material behind the premix is dropped into the fermenter fermentation, under aerobic condition, carried out compost fermentation 7-10 days, leavening temperature is 50-65 ℃, with god of unusual strength's turnover throwing machine turning 3-4 time, when heap temperature is stabilized in 30 ℃ of left and right sides, is fermentation ends.
6, fermentation materials is a finished product through granulation, oven dry, screening, and the fertilizer water cut is 15-20%.
By the organic fertilizer of above-mentioned examples produce, detect through fertilizer quality supervision and inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Wuhan), each item technical indicator meets the requirement of NY525-2002 organic fertilizer specified standards, and detected result is as shown in the table.
Fertilizer quality supervision and inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Wuhan)
The assay report
No:2011-W-004 is totally 2 pages of page 2
Visible by above table: product has the organic content height, accounts for 34%; Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition element enrich, total nutrient content 8.3%, and nutrition is comprehensive, advantages such as Effictive nuisancelless.
Those skilled in the art can make replacement or modification to content of the present invention according to content disclosed by the invention and the art technology of being grasped; But these replacements or modification should not be regarded as breaking away from the present invention's design, and these replacements or modification are all in the interest field that the present invention requires to protect.
Claims (2)
1. method of utilizing the straw aerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer is characterized in that:
The raw material for preparing it is: straw 60-65%wt, edible fungi residues 20-22%wt, grouts 14-16%wt; Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 5%wt, cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent 1%wt, wherein; The water ratio of said straw is 30-35%; Described grouts are meant that the Grain and Cooking Oil Processing Factory passes through the sub product after pressing method extracts fat with Semen Brassicae campestris or soybean, and described edible fungi residues is the plantation straw mushroom, depleted developing medium behind the edible mushroomss such as mushroom, mushroom, needle mushroom; Described fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is a kind of late effect property mineral mineral manure; Wherein contain slow phosphorus 12%, trace element such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus 10%, described cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent; Be to choose 6 kinds of bacterial classifications with strong cellulose-decomposing ability; Be respectively: withered grass Bacillussubtilis (Bacillas subtilis), product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Callulomonas.flaoigena), lichens Bacillussubtilis (Bacillus Lichenifpus), strong cellulomonas cartae (Cellulomonas cartae), aspergillus versicolor (Aspergillus versicolor), viride (Trichoderma viride), above-mentioned each bacterial classification is carried out the liquid or solid fermentation culture alone or in combination, collect gemma and thalline through adding sorbent material Plate Filtration method; Employing is spray dried to preparation, and the living bacteria count of above-mentioned 6 kinds of bacterial classifications is 1 * 10 in the composite fungus agent product
12-1 * 10
13Individual/gram, each function bacterium is the main body existence form with the gemma in the microbial inoculum, and mould is the main body existence form with the spore, but a small amount of thalline is also arranged,
Above-mentioned raw materials is processed by following technology:
With the water cut of formula ratio is that the straw mechanical disintegration of 30-35% gets the A material,
The edible fungi residues membrane removal of formula ratio is smashed to pieces, and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of pulverizing, add formula ratio gets the B material,
The grouts of formula ratio and the cellulose-decomposing bacterium agent mixing of formula ratio are got the C material,
With the A material of formula ratio, the B material stirs through stirrer with the C material, adds suitable quantity of water, makes water cut reach 55-60%, drops into fermenter,
Under aerobic fermentation condition, carried out compost fermentation 7-10 days, leavening temperature is 50-65 ℃, adopts god of unusual strength's turnover throwing machine turning 3-4 time between yeast phase, is fermentation ends when heap temperature is stabilized in about 30 ℃,
Fermentation materials is through granulation, and oven dry, screening are finished product, and the water cut of finished product fertilizer is controlled at 15-20%.
2. a kind of method of utilizing fermentation of plant straws to produce organic fertilizer described in the claim 1 is characterized in that using feces of livestock and poultry equivalent replacement grouts, but the alternate total amount must not surpass the 20-25% of grouts consumption.
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| CN201210113632XA CN102701805A (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Organic fertilizer produced from plant straws by aerobic fermentation and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103771924A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-07 | 标优美生态工程股份有限公司 | Special flower planting organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103980052A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 济南巴顿化肥有限公司 | Special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof |
| CN104262021A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-07 | 洛阳祥和牡丹科技有限公司 | Peony leaf contained organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104446712A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-03-25 | 天津市宏胜源食用菌科技发展有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using agricultural waste |
| CN104478508A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-01 | 长沙市望城区保生生态农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN104628452A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 随县厉山镇王家岗益丰工贸有限公司 | Method of preparing bioorganic fertilizer from crop straws |
| CN104803778A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-29 | 孔岩 | Method for producing bio-organic fertilizer from pleuratus ferulae waste mushroom residue |
| CN105175190A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-23 | 姜淑琼 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by means of waste edible fungi bags and biological preparation |
| CN105272523A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-27 | 姜淑琼 | Composite fertilizer for producing zero pesticide residue foods, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106083228A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of saline and alkaline rice field straw-returning method |
| CN107233864A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-10 | 全椒县赤镇龙虾经济专业合作社 | A kind of preparation method of the retaining soil moisture adsorbent based on lobster shell |
| CN107759385A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-06 | 寿光菌禾生物科技有限公司 | A kind of straw compost production anti-insect type vegetables bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
| CN107778101A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-09 | 德阳市明润农业开发有限公司 | A kind of fermentation process that biological organic fertilizer is prepared using bacteria residue and stalk |
| CN107805172A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-16 | 四川省眉山益稷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of fruit tree fertilizer special for organic for significantly improving orange yield and quality |
| CN108587945A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-28 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | A kind of composite bacteria agent and preparation method thereof of fermentation agricultural waste gurry |
| CN109607997A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-12 | 广东广垦畜牧工程研究院有限公司 | A kind of deodorant and preparation method of organic fertilizer and application |
| CN110272305A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-24 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of botanical material During High-Temperature Composting method and its used in emptins |
| CN111995481A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-11-27 | 澄迈农博农业发展有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using edible fungus residues |
| CN112830823A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Rapid composting method of crop straws |
| CN112851050A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-05-28 | 四川嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Method for treating dining table residues by applying aerobic and anaerobic cooperative treatment |
| CN113185344A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-07-30 | 贵州贵洪源生物科技有限公司 | High-efficiency biological fertilizer and production process thereof |
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| CN1872814A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2006-12-06 | 白会新 | Method for preparing insect repelling organic fertilizer |
| CN101200387A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-18 | 四川艾蒙爱生物科技有限公司 | Preparation of microorganium fertilizer by using bacilluslaterosporus and bacillus subtilis |
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104446712A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-03-25 | 天津市宏胜源食用菌科技发展有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using agricultural waste |
| CN104628452A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 随县厉山镇王家岗益丰工贸有限公司 | Method of preparing bioorganic fertilizer from crop straws |
| CN103771924A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-07 | 标优美生态工程股份有限公司 | Special flower planting organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103771924B (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2016-04-27 | 标优美生态工程股份有限公司 | A kind of flower planting fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
| CN103980052B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-04-06 | 济南巴顿化肥有限公司 | One special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof |
| CN103980052A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 济南巴顿化肥有限公司 | Special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof |
| CN104262021A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-07 | 洛阳祥和牡丹科技有限公司 | Peony leaf contained organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104478508A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-01 | 长沙市望城区保生生态农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN104803778A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-29 | 孔岩 | Method for producing bio-organic fertilizer from pleuratus ferulae waste mushroom residue |
| CN105175190A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-23 | 姜淑琼 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by means of waste edible fungi bags and biological preparation |
| CN105272523A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-27 | 姜淑琼 | Composite fertilizer for producing zero pesticide residue foods, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106083228A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of saline and alkaline rice field straw-returning method |
| CN107778101A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-09 | 德阳市明润农业开发有限公司 | A kind of fermentation process that biological organic fertilizer is prepared using bacteria residue and stalk |
| CN107233864A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-10 | 全椒县赤镇龙虾经济专业合作社 | A kind of preparation method of the retaining soil moisture adsorbent based on lobster shell |
| CN107805172A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-16 | 四川省眉山益稷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of fruit tree fertilizer special for organic for significantly improving orange yield and quality |
| CN107759385A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-06 | 寿光菌禾生物科技有限公司 | A kind of straw compost production anti-insect type vegetables bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
| CN108587945A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-28 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | A kind of composite bacteria agent and preparation method thereof of fermentation agricultural waste gurry |
| CN109607997A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-12 | 广东广垦畜牧工程研究院有限公司 | A kind of deodorant and preparation method of organic fertilizer and application |
| CN109607997B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-10-22 | 广东广垦畜牧工程研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and application of deodorant and organic fertilizer |
| CN110272305A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-24 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of botanical material During High-Temperature Composting method and its used in emptins |
| CN111995481A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-11-27 | 澄迈农博农业发展有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using edible fungus residues |
| CN112830823A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Rapid composting method of crop straws |
| CN112851050A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-05-28 | 四川嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Method for treating dining table residues by applying aerobic and anaerobic cooperative treatment |
| CN113185344A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-07-30 | 贵州贵洪源生物科技有限公司 | High-efficiency biological fertilizer and production process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |