CN103896653B - A kind of preparation method of fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103896653B CN103896653B CN201410058191.7A CN201410058191A CN103896653B CN 103896653 B CN103896653 B CN 103896653B CN 201410058191 A CN201410058191 A CN 201410058191A CN 103896653 B CN103896653 B CN 103896653B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of fertilizer, comprise the following steps: a) agricultural crop straw of pulverizing and poultry feather are carried out Steam explosion treatment respectively, obtain stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge; B) by described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge and aerobic activated sludge mixing, compound is obtained; C) by described compound compost fermentation; D) fertilizer is obtained after compound after fermentation being carried out drying, pulverizing, oven dry.Method provided by the invention adopts steam explosion to replace chemical treatment, accelerate the degraded of stalk and discarded poultry feather, promote the fermentation of fertilizer, solve straw for stalk difficult degradation in the course of processing of fertilizer and the high gordian technique sex chromosome mosaicism of carbon-nitrogen ratio content, and the C/N ratio being conducive to regulating in fertilizer used in combination of stalk and discarded poultry feather, the coordination controlling microbial decomposition and building-up process is carried out, and makes the dual function that organic fertilizer product gives full play to its fertilizer and improves the soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, more particularly, relate to a kind of preparation method of fertilizer.
Background technology
Fertilizer is the most fundamental factor affecting crop yield, is the important leverage of the volume increase of agriculture high-quality and food safety.Modern agriculture with high investment, high production and high-level efficiency for principal character, abundant agricultural-food may be produced with limited arable land or less manpower and support and supported ever-increasing population, wherein continue and use chemical fertilizer to be the basic means that modern agriculture realizes high-level efficiency high benefit and Sustainable development in a large number, countries in the world are all without exception.But for a long time, using in a large number of chemical fertilizer, reduces the anti-adversity ability of farm crop, comprise Resistant, resistant to lodging, cold-resistant, drought resisting etc., cause the underproduction and product quality to reduce.Be degrading the physics of soil, chemistry and biological character simultaneously, destroy the normal rates of Nutrient Elements in Soil, cause soil fertility to decline.Existing land area and fertility basis improve grain yield level again and has become the large problem that current agro-technician is faced with.And the application of China's fertilizer has at present reached the limit, only start with from applying organic manure, improvement soil, be just expected to promote soil fertility, improve labor productivity.Therefore, utilize organic fertilizer to realize recirculation and the recycling of nutrient in agricultural, be soil protection, culture fertility, realize the effective way of agricultural sustainable development.
China's Organic Fertilizer Resources and quantity, kind, by natural condition such as landform, landforms, light, heat, water, gas, the impact of the many factors such as level of agricultural production and rural economic development situation, extensive distribution, mainly agricultural, Animal husbandry production by product agricultural, livestock industry develops more, Organic Fertilizer Resources is abundanter.Along with the development of modern agriculture and the adjustment of the inner industrialization structure of agricultural, organic fertilizer is tending towards industrialization, commercialization, and its organic raw material adopted is mostly feces of livestock and poultry, crop material, peat, food and fermentation industry tankage etc.The raw material types of producing needed for fertilizer is various, and suiting measures to local conditions gathers materials on the spot selects local raw material (crop material, feces of livestock and poultry, weathered coal, peat soil etc.), avoids long-distance transport and increases production cost.Secondly current China fertilizer is mainly made compost based on feces of livestock and poultry and heap, is stalk, cake fertilizer and green manure occupancy volume minimum.
The waste produced in the Agricultural Activities such as stalk and organic materials are the initial sources of fertilizer, and majority enters farmland again through direct returning to farmland, industrial composting, and this organic substance circulation plays a very important role fertilizing soil, maintenance soil fertility.
Agricultural crop straw surface often forms one deck wax with a large amount of evaporations preventing water from dividing, agricultural crop straw forms primarily of plant cell wall, the structure height lignifying of cell walls, these stalks are all that stalk is through long-term artificial selection, adaptation grain-production resistant to lodging formed, disease and insect resistance proterties, wherein water-insoluble, the xylogen of chemical structure complexity is combined with covalent linkage form with hemicellulose, cellulosic molecule is embedded in wherein, form a kind of anti-degraded barrier, protection Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose exempts from microorganism and attacks and degrading enzyme attack, thus limit degraded in composting process of the composition such as Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose in stalk and utilization, stalk is caused to be Mierocrystalline cellulose compared with the material of difficult degradation in the composting process of raw material, most difficult degradation be xylogen, various acceleration stalk cellulose, the technology that xylogen decomposes all has positive effect, therefore before fermentation, need to carry out physics to stalk, chemistry or Biological Pretreatment.
Agricultural crop straw is except the densification of natural structure characteristic, and its nitrogen content is low, and C/N, than high, is affect stalk to be difficult to one of direct major reason as organic fertilizer.But organic content is high in stalk fertilizer, this kind of fertilizer is obvious to increase soil organic matter content, culture fertility effect, and therefore stalk fermentation prepares fertilizer wide prospect.In fertilizer, organic materials is as rotten or apply farmland and all experience to decompose and resynthesis process is mineralization and humify under the effect in microorganism once heap in stalk.Crop material cellulose, xylogen are more, early stage mineralization and fertilizer supplier more slowly, less, its humification is then more vigorous after a time sometimes must to join nitrogen fertilizer application, can form more soil ulmin, embody effect of improving the soil preferably gradually.How to regulate and control the mineralization of stalk organic fertilizer and humify process, making it give full play to fertilizer with the dual fertilizer efficiency of improving the soil is utilize straw for a major issue of organic manure resource.
China is the country that livestock industry is the most flourishing in the world, and the feather output of the birds such as the hair of the livestocks such as pig, ox, sheep and chicken, duck, goose is annual all more than 1,000,000 tons.The bristles combed out from pig hair, Zeng Zuowei produces the main raw material of toothbrush, hairbrush, but after plastics appearance, consumption obviously declines.The feather of bird, mainly in order to extract eider down, the extraction yield of eider down can reach more than 40%, and remaining feather stem protein content is more than 85%.The available value of these waste plant protein is low, is thrown aside in a large number in environment, not only polluted water, compression ring border, and cause fly, virus grows, and brings threat to human health.Discarded its keratoprotein of feathers because is not easily degraded by microorganisms in soil, therefore directly cannot use as fertilizer.
Chinese Patent Application No. is that the patent of invention of CN200810224245.7 discloses straw organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.The method that this degrading straw prepares fertilizer obtains fertilizer with the bacteria fermentation stalk of degrading straw; The active ingredient of the microbial inoculum of described degrading straw comprises viride, trichoderma aureoviride and feed series bacillus.Chinese Patent Application No. be 200810224245.7 patent of invention to disclose a kind of be that main raw material makes the method for biological organic fertilizer with rice straw, take rice straw as main raw material, be auxiliary material with animal excrement, pond sludge, form with the EM strain fermentation of multistage expansion.Above patent is all utilize microbiological deterioration stalk, can not meet organic commercial fertilizer suitability for industrialized production simply, needs efficiently.Chinese Patent Application No. is that the patent of invention of CN01123915.8 discloses with steam-puffed plant straw and stalk is the method that raw material by solid fermentation prepares ecological fertilizer, a certain amount of wheat bran and unslaked lime is added after the quick-fried ammoniated treatment of vapour is carried out to stalk, and access phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium bacterium liquid, frozen glue genus bacillus bacterium liquid, aztobacter sp bacterium liquid and the mould seed liquor of wood and carry out cycle pressurising and rush down the mixed solid fermentation of pressure, material after obtained solid state fermentation more equably composite enter clay, be drying to obtain ecological fertilizer.Access microbial inoculum is needed to carry out air pressure oscillation fermenter after the method ammonification steam puffed stalk.The method complicated process of preparation, equipment requirements are high.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides that a kind of production efficiency is high, nutritive substance enriches, fertilizer efficiency is good, the preparation method of environment friendly and pollution-free fertilizer.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A preparation method for fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
A) agricultural crop straw of pulverizing and poultry feather are carried out Steam explosion treatment respectively, obtain stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge;
B) by described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge and aerobic activated sludge mixing, compound is obtained;
C) by described compound compost fermentation;
D) fertilizer is obtained after compound after fermentation being carried out drying, pulverizing, oven dry.
Preferably, described agricultural crop straw is gramineous crop stalk and/or leguminous crop stalk.
Preferably, the weight ratio of described gramineous crop stalk and leguminous crop stalk is (3 ~ 10): 1.
Preferably, described gramineous crop stalk is maize straw, straw, one or more in rice straw and sorghum stalk; Described leguminous crop stalk is soybean stalk, peanut stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, one or more in broad bean stalk and pea stalk.
Preferably, in step a), the agricultural crop straw of pulverizing is carried out Steam explosion treatment to be specially:
By gramineous crop stalk and leguminous crop crushed stalk to 3 ~ 10cm;
Be 150-190 DEG C by the gramineous crop stalk after pulverizing and leguminous crop stalk in temperature, carry out Steam explosion treatment 8 ~ 20min under pressure 1.0-1.6MPa, obtain stalk bursting charge.
Preferably, in step a), poultry feather is carried out Steam explosion treatment and is specially:: by poultry feather at temperature 120-180 DEG C, under pressure 0.8-1.5MPa, carry out Steam explosion treatment 10-30min, obtain feather bursting charge.
Preferably, described poultry feather is chicken feather or drake feather.
Preferably, described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge are (10 ~ 20) by weight: 1.
Preferably, the weight sum of described stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge and the weight ratio of aerobic activated sludge are (1 ~ 3): (1 ~ 2).
Preferably, the compost fermentation in step c) is specially:
Described compound is stacked fermentation 14 ~ 30 days at 35 ~ 45 DEG C.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of fertilizer, comprise and a) agricultural crop straw of pulverizing and poultry feather are carried out Steam explosion treatment respectively, obtain stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge; B) by described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge and aerobic activated sludge mixing, compound is obtained; C) by described compound compost fermentation; D) fertilizer is obtained after compound after fermentation being carried out drying, pulverizing, oven dry.The present invention is directed to stalk and discarded poultry feather to be all difficult to, directly as the problem of organic fertilizer raw material, adopt Steam explosion treatment stalk and poultry feather, accelerate the degraded of stalk and feather keratin, thus shorten the compost time.And the C/N ratio being conducive to regulating in fertilizer used in combination of stalk and discarded poultry feather, the coordination controlling microbial decomposition and building-up process is carried out, and makes the dual function that organic fertilizer product gives full play to its fertilizer and improves the soil.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow figure of embodiment of the present invention fertilizer.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of fertilizer, production efficiency is high, nutritive substance is abundant, and fertilizer efficiency is good, environment friendly and pollution-free.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, carry out clear, complete description to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of fertilizer, utilize steam explosion method agricultural crop straw and poultry feather to be carried out stroke bursting charge after the quick-fried process of vapour, then mix with aerobic activated sludge, carry out compost fermentation and obtain fertilizer.As shown in Figure 1, its concrete steps comprise:
A) agricultural crop straw of pulverizing and poultry feather are carried out Steam explosion treatment respectively, obtain stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge;
B) by described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge and aerobic activated sludge mixing, compound is obtained;
C) by described compound compost fermentation;
D) fertilizer is obtained after compound after fermentation being carried out drying, pulverizing, oven dry.
According to the present invention, steam explosion mainly utilizes high temperature, high-pressure water vapor process fibrous material, and passes through Component seperation and the structural changes of moment release of pressure process implementation raw material.Mierocrystalline cellulose in vegetable cell is bondd by xylogen, and under high temperature, high pressure steam effect, cellulose crystallity improves, and the polymerization degree declines, and hemicellulose fraction is degraded, and xylogen softens, lateral connection strength degradation, even softening plastic.When the material being full of pressure steam suddenly release of pressure time, the steam in hole sharply expands, and produces " explosion " effect, partly can peel off xylogen, and tear raw material into fiber fines.In steam explosion process, have cyto-architectural plant fiber material vapor phase pulping under high pressure, high-temperature medium, hemicellulose and xylogen produce some acidic substance, make hemicellulose degradation become soluble sugar; Meanwhile, the softening also Partial digestion of xylogen of compound middle lamella, thus weaken interfibrous bonding.Then moment explosive decompression, medium and material complete the energy release process of physics jointly.Vapour phase medium ejection in material, rapid expansion instantaneously, the rapid bumping of high-pressure liquid water simultaneously in material forms flash distillation, externally does work, makes material be dissociated into single fibrocyte from middle lamella.
Steam explosion process can be divided into 2 stages
:one is the vapor phase pulping stage.Have cyto-architectural plant fiber material vapor phase pulping under high temperature, high-pressure medium, high pressure steam penetrates into the space in material, and hemicellulose and xylogen produce some acidic substance, makes hemicellulose degradation become soluble sugar; Meanwhile, the softening and Partial digestion of the xylogen of compound middle lamella, reduces the cohesive strength of fiber, and produces the class acid degradation of cellulose chain, thermal destruction and physical rupture.Two is blasting stage.Under vapour phase saturation steam and high temperature liquid water 2 kinds of medium actings in conjunction, by release of pressure suddenly, medium and material complete the release of physical energy jointly, and this process is adiabatic process of moment, and externally does work.Softening material produces shearing force amoeboid movement under the impact of expanding gas, concurrent estranged from.In this course, the steam water molecule of the inner micro-fibrillar crystal interfascicular of infiltrated fiber element with the mode high speed abrupt release of air-flow out, can make between cellulosic micro-fibril and structure cell, to produce friction and collision, crystalline region is diminished, can and surface, crystalline region increase, there is fracture and reset in the hydrogen bond of non-crystalline region and crystalline region.
And steam explosion is used for the process of stalk at present, contain abundant nutritive substance in the poultry feather that some plants discard, but feather lacks and directly as Fertilizer application, can not have to pass through fermentation.And the present invention utilizes the compound of the feather of steam explosion process agricultural crop straw and poultry, power consumption of polymer processing is low, under high pressure steam effect, makes the gap shrinks between the protein in feather, then moment explosive decompression, add the gap between larger protein.Do not need soda acid, reduce and pollute, product salinity is few, can not affect palatability.Do not need in advance feather to be pulverized, reduce mechanical energy consumption.Production efficiency is high.
According to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, fertilizer is prepared.First by crops stalk crushing.Preferably, described agricultural crop straw is gramineous crop stalk and/or leguminous crop stalk.Preferred, described gramineous crop stalk is maize straw, straw, one or more in rice straw and sorghum stalk; Described leguminous crop stalk is soybean stalk, peanut stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, one or more in broad bean stalk and pea stalk.Preferably, the weight ratio of described gramineous crop stalk and leguminous crop stalk is (3 ~ 10): 1.
Then described agricultural crop straw and poultry feather are carried out Steam explosion treatment respectively, obtain stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge, wherein said agricultural crop straw Steam explosion treatment is specially: by gramineous crop stalk and leguminous crop crushed stalk to 3 ~ 10cm; Be 150-190 DEG C by the gramineous crop stalk after pulverizing and leguminous crop stalk in temperature, carry out Steam explosion treatment 8 ~ 20min under pressure 1.0-1.6MPa, obtain stalk bursting charge.
Poultry feather is carried out Steam explosion treatment be specially: by poultry feather at temperature 120-180 DEG C, under pressure 0.8-1.5MPa, carry out Steam explosion treatment 10-30min, obtain feather bursting charge.According to the present invention, described poultry feather is preferably chicken feather or drake feather.
Then by described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge and aerobic activated sludge mixing, compound is obtained.According to the present invention, the water content of described compound is preferably 50wt% ~ 70wt%.According to stalk bursting charge of the present invention and described feather bursting charge preferably by weight being (10 ~ 20): 1.The weight sum of described stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge and the weight ratio of aerobic activated sludge are preferably (1 ~ 3): (1 ~ 2).Then described compound is stacked fermentation 14 ~ 30 days at 35 ~ 45 DEG C.
According to the present invention, described aerobic activated sludge is the general name of microbial population and their organic substances of depending on and inorganic substance. microbial population mainly comprises bacterium, protozoon and algae etc. wherein, bacterium and protozoon are two main large classes. the Mierocrystalline cellulose in the multiple-microorganism fungus strain degradable stalk in active sludge and hemicellulose, accelerate straw decomposing.
The compound fermented preferably is placed air seasoning place airing after 2-5 days, then obtain organic fertilizer through pulverizing, drying.
In sum, the invention discloses the novel method of a kind of steam explosion straw for fertilizer, the method adopts steam explosion (vapour is quick-fried) to replace chemical treatment, accelerate the degraded of stalk and discarded poultry feather, promote the fermentation of fertilizer, solve straw for stalk difficult degradation in the course of processing of fertilizer and the high gordian technique sex chromosome mosaicism of carbon-nitrogen ratio content, and the C/N ratio being conducive to regulating in fertilizer used in combination of stalk and discarded poultry feather, the coordination controlling microbial decomposition and building-up process is carried out, make the dual function that organic fertilizer product gives full play to its fertilizer and improves the soil, the large-scale production needs of straw for organic commercial fertilizer can be met.
Be below the specific embodiment of the invention, elaborate the present invention program.
embodiment 1:
Maize straw and soybean stalk are pulverized respectively, length is 3 centimetres; After getting 3 parts of maize straws and 1 part of soybean stalk mixing, add 4 parts of tap water and soak 30min, send into steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 150 DEG C, maintain 20min under pressure 1.1MPa, and process obtains steam puffed stalk.Sent into by chicken feather in steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 120 DEG C, maintain 30min under pressure 0.8MPa, obtain the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour after process.
Steam puffed stalk and the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour are mixed with the ratio of 10:1, the ratio being 3:1 according to mass ratio in compound adds aerobic activated sludge, and the water content regulating compound is 60%, 50 DEG C of compost fermentations 30 days.Material after fermentation is placed dry place's airing 2 days, sends into pulverizer and drying machine process, obtain organic fertilizer.
According to the determination of test method organic fertilizer in agricultural industry criteria NY525-2012 containing organic (butt) 41.3%, total nutrient (butt) 5.8%, moisture 23%, pH6.0, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content's index meets the regulation of in NY525-2012 4.3, detect excrement colibacillus group number 76/g, induced worm egg death rate > 97%.
embodiment 2:
Wheat stalk and peanut straw are pulverized respectively, length is 5 centimetres; After getting 5 parts of wheat stalks and 1 part of peanut straw mixing, add 6 parts of tap water and soak 30min, send into steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 170 DEG C, maintain 10min under pressure 1.3MPa, and process obtains steam puffed stalk.Sent into by chicken feather in steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 150 DEG C, maintain 20min under pressure 1.2MPa, obtain the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour after process.
Steam puffed stalk and the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour are mixed with the ratio of 15:1, the ratio being 1:1 according to mass ratio in compound adds aerobic activated sludge, and the water content regulating compound is 50%, 50 DEG C of compost fermentations 14 days.Material after fermentation is placed dry place's airing 2 days, sends into pulverizer and drying machine process, obtain organic fertilizer.
According to the determination of test method organic fertilizer in agricultural industry criteria NY525-2012 containing organic (butt) 46%, total nutrient (butt) 5.4%, moisture 22%, pH6.0, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content's index meets the regulation of in NY525-2012 4.3, detect excrement colibacillus group number 36/g, induced worm egg death rate > 96%.
embodiment 3:
Rice straw and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are pulverized respectively, length is 5 centimetres; After getting 10 parts of rice straws and 1 part of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae mixing, add 10 parts of tap water and soak 30min, send into steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 170 DEG C, maintain 10min under pressure 1.3MPa, and process obtains steam puffed stalk.Sent into by chicken feather in steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 150 DEG C, maintain 20min under pressure 1.2MPa, obtain the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour after process.
Steam puffed stalk and the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour are mixed with the ratio of 30:1, the ratio being 1:2 according to mass ratio in compound adds aerobic activated sludge, and the water content regulating compound is 70%, 50 DEG C of compost fermentations 14 days.Material after fermentation is placed dry place's airing 2 days, sends into pulverizer and drying machine process, obtain organic fertilizer.
According to the determination of test method organic fertilizer in agricultural industry criteria NY525-2012 containing organic (butt) 45.4%, total nutrient (butt) 5.2%, moisture 21%, pH6.5, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content's index meets the regulation of in NY525-2012 4.3, detect excrement colibacillus group number 80/g, induced worm egg death rate > 96%.
embodiment 4:
Sorghum stalk and broad bean stalk are pulverized respectively, length is 5 centimetres; After getting 3 parts of sorghum stalks and 1 part of broad bean stalk mixing, add 3 parts of tap water and soak 30min, send into steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 190 DEG C, maintain 8min under pressure 1.6MPa, and process obtains steam puffed stalk.Sent into by chicken feather in steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 180 DEG C, maintain 10min under pressure 1.2MPa, obtain the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour after process.
Steam puffed stalk and the quick-fried chicken feather of vapour are mixed with the ratio of 20:1, the ratio being 1:1 according to mass ratio in compound adds aerobic activated sludge, and the water content regulating compound is 60%, 50 DEG C of compost fermentations 20 days.Material after fermentation is placed dry place's airing 2 days, sends into pulverizer and drying machine process, obtain organic fertilizer.
According to the determination of test method organic fertilizer in agricultural industry criteria NY525-2012 containing organic (butt) 44.7%, total nutrient (butt) 5.2%, moisture 24%, pH6.5, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content's index meets the regulation of in NY525-2012 4.3, detect excrement colibacillus group number 72/g, induced worm egg death rate > 96%.
embodiment 5:
Sorghum stalk and pea stalk are pulverized respectively, length is 5 centimetres; After getting 3 parts of sorghum stalks and 1 part of pea stalk mixing, add 3 parts of tap water and soak 30min, send into steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 190 DEG C, maintain 8min under pressure 1.6MPa, and process obtains steam puffed stalk.Sent into by drake feather in steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 150 DEG C, maintain 30min under pressure 0.8MPa, obtain the quick-fried drake feather of vapour after process.
Steam puffed stalk and the quick-fried drake feather of vapour are mixed with the ratio of 20:1, the ratio being 1:1 according to mass ratio in compound adds aerobic activated sludge, and the water content regulating compound is 60%, 50 DEG C of compost fermentations 20 days.Material after fermentation is placed dry place's airing 2 days, sends into pulverizer and drying machine process, obtain organic fertilizer.
According to the determination of test method organic fertilizer in agricultural industry criteria NY525-2012 containing organic (butt) 45.6%, total nutrient (butt) 5.1%, moisture 21%, pH6.7, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content's index meets the regulation of in NY525-2012 4.3, detect excrement colibacillus group number 83/g, induced worm egg death rate > 97%.
embodiment 6:
Maize straw and soybean stalk are pulverized respectively, length is 5 centimetres; After getting 5 parts of maize straws and 1 part of soybean stalk mixing, add 5 parts of tap water and soak 30min, send into steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 190 DEG C, maintain 8min under pressure 1.6MPa, and process obtains steam puffed stalk.Sent into by drake feather in steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 180 DEG C, maintain 10min under pressure 1.2MPa, obtain the quick-fried drake feather of vapour after process.
Steam puffed stalk and the quick-fried drake feather of vapour are mixed with the ratio of 20:1, the ratio being 1:1 according to mass ratio in compound adds aerobic activated sludge, and the water content regulating compound is 60%, 50 DEG C of compost fermentations 20 days.Material after fermentation is placed dry place's airing 2 days, sends into pulverizer and drying machine process, obtain organic fertilizer.
According to the determination of test method organic fertilizer in agricultural industry criteria NY525-2012 containing organic (butt) 43.6%, total nutrient (butt) 5.8%, moisture 21%, pH6.0, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content's index meets the regulation of in NY525-2012 4.3, detect excrement colibacillus group number 78/g, induced worm egg death rate > 96%.
embodiment 7:
Maize straw and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are pulverized respectively, length is 5 centimetres; After getting 5 parts of maize straws and 1 part of peanut straw mixing, add 5 parts of tap water and soak 30min, send into steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 170 DEG C, maintain 8min under pressure 1.3MPa, and process obtains steam puffed stalk.Sent into by drake feather in steam-explosion jar and carry out Steam explosion treatment, treatment condition are 180 DEG C, maintain 10min under pressure 1.2MPa, obtain the quick-fried drake feather of vapour after process.
Steam puffed stalk and the quick-fried drake feather of vapour are mixed with the ratio of 20:1, the ratio being 1:1 according to mass ratio in compound adds aerobic activated sludge, and the water content regulating compound is 60%, 50 DEG C of compost fermentations 20 days.Material after fermentation is placed dry place's airing 2 days, sends into pulverizer and drying machine process, obtain organic fertilizer.
According to the determination of test method organic fertilizer in agricultural industry criteria NY525-2012 containing organic (butt) 43.9%, total nutrient (butt) 5.1%, moisture 21%, pH6.5, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content's index meets the regulation of in NY525-2012 4.3, detect excrement colibacillus group number 22/g, induced worm egg death rate > 95%.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method for fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A) agricultural crop straw of pulverizing is carried out Steam explosion treatment, obtain stalk bursting charge; By poultry feather at temperature 120-180 DEG C, under pressure 0.8-1.5MPa, carry out Steam explosion treatment 10-30min, obtain feather bursting charge; Described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge are (10 ~ 20) by weight: 1;
B) by described stalk bursting charge and described feather bursting charge and aerobic activated sludge mixing, compound is obtained; The weight sum of described stalk bursting charge and feather bursting charge and the weight ratio of aerobic activated sludge are (1 ~ 3): (1 ~ 2);
C) by described compound compost fermentation;
D) fertilizer is obtained after compound after fermentation being carried out drying, pulverizing, oven dry.
2. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described agricultural crop straw is Gramineae
Crop material and/or leguminous crop stalk.
3. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described gramineous crop stalk and beans
The weight ratio of section's crop material is (3 ~ 10): 1.
4. the preparation method of the fertilizer according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, described gramineous crop stalk is maize straw, straw, one or more in rice straw and sorghum stalk; Described leguminous crop stalk is soybean stalk, peanut stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, one or more in broad bean stalk and pea stalk.
5. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step a), the agricultural crop straw of pulverizing is carried out Steam explosion treatment and is specially: by gramineous crop stalk and leguminous crop crushed stalk to 3 ~ 10cm; Be 150-190 DEG C by the gramineous crop stalk after pulverizing and leguminous crop stalk in temperature, carry out Steam explosion treatment 8 ~ 20min under pressure 1.0-1.6MPa, obtain stalk bursting charge.
6. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described poultry feather is chicken feather or drake feather.
7. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the compost fermentation in step c) is specially: described compound is stacked fermentation 14 ~ 30 days at 35 ~ 45 DEG C.
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| CN201410058191.7A CN103896653B (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2014-02-21 | A kind of preparation method of fertilizer |
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| CN201410058191.7A CN103896653B (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2014-02-21 | A kind of preparation method of fertilizer |
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| CN103896653A CN103896653A (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| CN103896653B true CN103896653B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104355708A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-02-18 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for of producing bioorganic tobacco fertilizer by steam explosion technology |
| CN104961511A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-07 | 四川省烟草公司广元市公司(广元市烟草公司) | Method for producing organic fertilizer with tobacco waste |
| CN104973897A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-14 | 武汉领潮生物科技有限公司 | Straw organic fertilizer |
| CN105052542A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 桂林宏旺菌业股份有限公司 | Black fungus cultivation method |
| CN105016797A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-04 | 霍英军 | Livestock carcase harmless disposal technology and biological organic fertilizer processing method |
| CN106747736A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 新疆弘瑞达纤维有限公司 | A kind of method that organic fertilizer is prepared with cotton stalk |
| CN106892773A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-27 | 吉林焕坤金浩生物科技有限公司 | The resource utilization method of edible fungi residue |
| CN107337547A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-11-10 | 王凡勇 | A kind of flowers and plants fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
| CN110178619A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2019-08-30 | 黎兴杨 | A kind of cultural method of locust tree interplanting rhizoma polygonati |
| CN108395332A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-08-14 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of culture medium of edible fungus and preparation method thereof |
| CN111269059A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-12 | 天津运发生物有机肥科技有限公司 | Novel biological organic fertilizer |
| CN110073900B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-03-11 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Flammulina velutipes culture medium containing chicken feather degradation product and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110759789A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by adopting biomass straw charcoal |
| CN110818462A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-02-21 | 永康市能源办公室 | Preparation method of grape straw organic fertilizer |
| CN112813694B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2023-02-28 | 江苏康乃馨羽绒制品科技有限公司 | Fine and soft processing method of rough sheet based on fluid medium |
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| CN103373868A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-30 | 张保良 | Method for producing bio-organic fertilizer by virtue of sludge and straws |
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| US6409841B1 (en) * | 1999-11-02 | 2002-06-25 | Waste Energy Integrated Systems, Llc. | Process for the production of organic products from diverse biomass sources |
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| CN103373868A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-30 | 张保良 | Method for producing bio-organic fertilizer by virtue of sludge and straws |
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