CN102687664A - Method for producing seeds of hybrid rice - Google Patents
Method for producing seeds of hybrid rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN102687664A CN102687664A CN2012102036704A CN201210203670A CN102687664A CN 102687664 A CN102687664 A CN 102687664A CN 2012102036704 A CN2012102036704 A CN 2012102036704A CN 201210203670 A CN201210203670 A CN 201210203670A CN 102687664 A CN102687664 A CN 102687664A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing seeds of hybrid rice. The method has the advantages of high production efficiency, low cost and capability of controlling the growth period of male parents. The method for producing the seeds of the hybrid rice comprises the following steps of: 1) selecting a region and time for seed production; 2) raising seedlings by using the male parents: putting nutritional soil into each seedling raising tray, soaking seeds to accelerate germination of endosperm exposed male parent seeds, placing the seedling raising trays filled with the nutritional soil and the male parent seeds for 48 hours, then transferring to a seedling raising field, and spreading single trays; 3) transplanting the male parent seedlings: transplanting the male parent seedlings obtained in the step 2 to a seed production field by using a rice transplanter; 4) directly seeding and managing female parents: when the male and female parent seeding time difference is within 2 weeks, directly seeding female parent seeds to the seed production field where the male parent seedlings are transplanted; when the male and female parent seeding time difference is more than 2 weeks, conventionally accelerating germination of the female parent seeds and then seeding the female parent seeds to the seed production field where the male parent seedlings are transplanted; 5) monitoring differentiation of young ears and regulating the flowering period; 6) managing the heading and flowering periods; and 7) harvesting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of producing method for seed, particularly relate to the producing method for seed of a kind of hybrid rice.
Background technology
In traditional breeding of hybrid rice mode of production, male parent is grown seedlings, is transplanted pollination with maternal sowing and still leans on by hand entirely, so inefficiency.Operation is along with the rural laborer shifts, and breeding of hybrid rice production base scale receives very big influence with stability.On the other hand, the most important thing of the production of hybrid seeds is father and mother's flower synchronization originally, also is the focus that those skilled in the art study if guarantee this flower synchronization of father and mother.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of production efficiency height, cost is low and can control the male parent hybrid rice seed breeding process of breeding time.
A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process may further comprise the steps:
1, select the zone and the time of the production of hybrid seeds:
A, zone are selected: in production of hybrid seeds zone, the production of hybrid seeds here fringe after date at preceding 10 days of heading stage can not have other kinds to ear in 10 days, if the kind of in production of hybrid seeds heading stage, earing is arranged outside the production of hybrid seeds zone, space length will remain on more than 100 meters;
B, selection of time: production of hybrid seeds locality production of hybrid seeds booting stage to beginning fringe between the phase, the probability that low temperature below 20 ℃ occurs will be lower than fifty year return period; Production of hybrid seeds locality occurs at continuous three days of heading stage of the production of hybrid seeds that the probability of high temperature will be lower than fifty year return period more than 35 ℃;
2, male parent seedling: in each seedling dish, place 3 kilograms in nutrition soil and on nutrition soil, place 1 kilogram of blinding; And put into through presoaking and germinating and break the male parent seed 3500-4500 grain that chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally; The seedling dish that nutrition soil and male parent seed are housed placed move to seedling Tanaka single-deck after 48 hours and tile, the seedling dish moves to and will water once behind the seedling field permeablely, keeps moistening later on; The length of time rice seedlings grow is about to the male parent shoot transplanting equipment to seed farm after reaching 15-20 days; The preparation method of said nutrition soil for dry ground or the vegetable plot soil fragmentation of will loosening after, in per 100 kilograms of gained hacks, add urea 100g, potassium chloride 80g, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 400g, fenaminosulf 10g;
3, male parent shoot transplanting equipment: with rice transplanter with step 2 gained length of time rice seedlings grow 15-20 days male parent shoot transplanting equipment to seed farm; Every mu of seed farm need be transplanted the male parent rice shoot of 4-5 seedling dish; The male parent rice shoot distributes as follows: dark, shallow rice shoot cross arrangement, the i.e. dark rice shoot of delegation, the shallow rice shoot of delegation, so circulation; Wherein shallow rice shoot is meant the rice shoot that is inserted to the seed farm 1cm degree of depth; Dark rice shoot is meant the rice shoot that is inserted to the seed farm 2.0-2.2cm degree of depth, and the dark rice shoot of delegation, the shallow rice shoot of delegation are one group, between the dark rice shoot of adjacent set apart from 2-3 rice; Line-spacing 30cm between dark, the shallow rice shoot on the same group, every mu of seed farm institute basal dressing contains N element 5-6 kilogram, phosphorus pentoxide 2.5-3.5 kilogram, potassium oxide 5-6 kilogram; During rice transplanting, rice shoot is at big Tanaka's effect of depth seedling-slowing stage, and the degree of depth is dark more, and seedling-slowing stage is long more, and the degree of depth is shallow more, and seedling-slowing stage is short more, the dark alternate transplanting of rice shoot with shallow rice shoot be beneficial to guarantee male parent can with the flower synchronization of female parent;
4, maternal live and management: when this sowing of father and mother differs from the phase in two weeks the time, maternal seed directly sowed to the male parent rice shoot transplanted in the seed farm that finishes; When this sowing of father and mother difference phase during greater than two weeks, maternal seed to be sowed after conventional vernalization to the male parent rice shoot transplanted in the seed farm that finishes, the position of maternal planting seed is between the adjacent depth male parent rice shoot of adjacent set; Maternal mu seeding quantity is a 3-3.3 jin seed; 3-3.3 jin is pressed the dry seeds Mass Calculation, female parent after planting becomes to live and maternal upright seedling for guaranteeing male parent; Keep the field moistening but open fire can not be arranged; Carry out chemical weed control after maternal one week of sowing, the field keeps shallow water after the chemical weed control, chases after the fertile 5-10 of adding of primary tillering kilogram urea;
5, ear differentiation monitoring and florescence adjustment: estimate preceding 25 days of heading stage and begin to get this stem of father and mother microscopy, if this ear differentiation of father and mother process, explains that the florescence can normally meet all one to the second phase; If differing by more than first phase, this ear differentiation of father and mother process controls method adjustment this florescence of father and mother that water is short or potassium control nitrogen is short through doing;
6, remove fringe strain morning, variant, the different kind strain in field before and after heading flowering period management: a, the heading; B, when the male parent of 1-2% is eared, begin to spray gibberellin, spray gibberellin after 36-48 hour again one time, every mu of seed farm uses the gibberellin total amount to be 38-48g; C, artificial supplementary pollination: just begin to carry out artificial supplementary pollination when flowering appears in male parent, accomplishing during artificial supplementary pollination that male parent is bloomed just carries out artificial pollination, no matter whether female parent blooms, adheres to artificial supplementary pollination 3-4 time every day;
7, artificial supplementary pollination is carried out after 7-10 days male parent being surgeried from foundation portion, maternal after using for the first time gibberellin, just can gather in about 28 days, and the airing in time of maternal harvesting back dropped to seed moisture content below 12.5% in 48 hours.
Hybrid rice seed breeding process of the present invention among the preparation method of nutrition soil, also adds paclobutrazol 0-10g in the step 2 in per 100 kilograms of gained hacks.
Hybrid rice seed breeding process of the present invention, being distributed as of step 3 male parent rice shoot: with spacing in the rows 14-20cm between delegation's rice shoot, every cave 2-5 seedling.
Hybrid rice seed breeding process difference from prior art of the present invention is: the present invention adopts male parent machine sowing dish to educate the machine transplanting of rice and maternal live supporting light simplification seeding technique; Can enhance productivity more than 30 times; Can practice thrift about 200 yuan of breeding costs for every mu simultaneously; Male parent is artificial transplants 4 mu for each person every day, 30 yuan every mu of costs; The male parent machine transplanting of rice can be inserted 20 mu every day per capita, 7 yuan every mu of costs.0.6 mu for each person every day of maternal artificial transplanting, 200 yuan every mu of costs, 20 mu of maternal live every days per capita; 6 yuan every mu of costs, maternal direct seeding technique is transplanted the production of hybrid seeds with tradition and is compared, and can reduce labor intensity; Relax contradiction in season, and advantages such as saving of labor, laborsaving, province rice seedling bed are arranged.
Whether paclobutrazol adds to cooperate with the seedling growing degree of depth can adjust male parent about 6 days breeding times.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Utilize the producing method for seed among the present invention to be two excellent No. three production of hybrid seeds of hybrid rice variety emblem, may further comprise the steps:
1, select the zone and the time of the production of hybrid seeds:
A, zone are selected: the paddy field of select land readjustment, fertility is even, irrigation and drainage are convenient, concentrating suitable mechanization to produce in flakes; In production of hybrid seeds zone; The production of hybrid seeds here fringe after date at preceding 10 days of heading stage can not have other kinds to ear in 10 days; If the kind of in production of hybrid seeds heading stage, earing is arranged outside the production of hybrid seeds zone, space length will remain on more than 100 meters;
B, selection of time: production of hybrid seeds locality production of hybrid seeds booting stage to beginning fringe between the phase, the probability that low temperature below 20 ℃ occurs will be lower than fifty year return period; Production of hybrid seeds locality occurs at continuous three days of heading stage of the production of hybrid seeds that the probability of high temperature will be lower than fifty year return period more than 35 ℃;
2, male parent seedling: in each seedling dish, place 3 kilograms in nutrition soil and on nutrition soil, place 1 kilogram of blinding; And put into through presoaking and germinating and break the male parent seed 3500-4500 grain that chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally; The seedling dish that nutrition soil and male parent seed are housed placed move to seedling Tanaka single-deck after 48 hours and tile, the seedling dish moves to and will water once behind the seedling field permeablely, keeps moistening later on; The length of time rice seedlings grow is about to the male parent shoot transplanting equipment to seed farm after reaching 15-20 days; The preparation method of said nutrition soil for dry ground or the vegetable plot soil fragmentation of will loosening after, in per 100 kilograms of gained hacks, add urea 100g, potassium chloride 80g, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 400g, fenaminosulf 10g, paclobutrazol 0-10g;
3, male parent shoot transplanting equipment: behind the first crop crop harvesting of seed farm, fertilising, rotary tillage, Shang Shui, flat field, with rice transplanter with step 2 gained length of time rice seedlings grow 15-20 days male parent shoot transplanting equipment to seed farm, every mu of seed farm need be transplanted the male parent rice shoot of 4-5 seedling dish; The male parent rice shoot distributes as follows: dark, shallow rice shoot cross arrangement, the i.e. dark rice shoot of delegation, the shallow rice shoot of delegation, so circulation; Wherein shallow rice shoot is meant the rice shoot that is inserted to the seed farm 1cm degree of depth; Dark rice shoot is meant the rice shoot that is inserted to the seed farm 2.0-2.2cm degree of depth, and the dark rice shoot of delegation, the shallow rice shoot of delegation are one group, between the dark rice shoot of adjacent set apart from 2-3 rice; Line-spacing 30cm between dark, the shallow rice shoot on the same group; With spacing in the rows 14-20cm between delegation's rice shoot, every cave 2-5 seedling, every mu of seed farm institute basal dressing contains N element 5-6 kilogram, phosphorus pentoxide 2.5-3.5 kilogram, potassium oxide 5-6 kilogram; The degree of depth that the male parent rice shoot is inserted to seed farm cooperates a certain amount of paclobutrazol of adding in the nutrition soil; Can adjust male parent breeding time,, help guaranteeing this flower synchronization of father and mother the male parent control of breeding time;, the male parent rice shoot do not add paclobutrazol in being inserted to the per in the preparation 100 kilograms of hacks of nutrition soil of the 1cm degree of depth, use in the seed farm; The duration from seeding to heading of male parent is 100 days, adds paclobutrazol 10g in the per in the preparation 100 kilograms of hacks of nutrition soil of the 2-2.2cm degree of depth, use in the seed farm when the male parent rice shoot is inserted to, and the duration from seeding to heading of male parent is 106 days;
4, maternal live and management: when this sowing of father and mother differs from the phase in two weeks the time, maternal seed directly sowed to the male parent rice shoot transplanted in the seed farm that finishes; When this sowing of father and mother difference phase during greater than two weeks, maternal seed to be sowed after conventional vernalization to the male parent rice shoot transplanted in the seed farm that finishes, the position of maternal planting seed is between the adjacent depth male parent rice shoot of adjacent set; Maternal mu seeding quantity is a 3-3.3 jin seed; 3-3.3 jin is pressed the dry seeds Mass Calculation, female parent after planting becomes to live and maternal upright seedling for guaranteeing male parent; Keep the field moistening but open fire can not be arranged; Carry out chemical weed control after maternal one week of sowing, the field keeps shallow water after the chemical weed control, chases after the fertile 5-10 of adding of primary tillering kilogram urea;
5, ear differentiation monitoring and florescence adjustment: estimate preceding 25 days of heading stage and begin to get this stem of father and mother microscopy, if this ear differentiation of father and mother process, explains that the florescence can normally meet all one to the second phase; If differing by more than first phase, this ear differentiation of father and mother process controls method adjustment this florescence of father and mother that water is short or potassium control nitrogen is short through doing;
6, remove fringe strain morning, variant, the different kind strain in field before and after heading flowering period management: a, the heading; B, when the male parent of 1-2% is eared, begin to spray gibberellin, spray gibberellin after 36-48 hour again one time, every mu of seed farm uses the gibberellin total amount to be 38-48g; C, artificial supplementary pollination: just begin to carry out artificial supplementary pollination when flowering appears in male parent, accomplishing during artificial supplementary pollination that male parent is bloomed just carries out artificial pollination, no matter whether female parent blooms, adheres to artificial supplementary pollination 3-4 time every day;
7, artificial supplementary pollination is carried out after 7-10 days male parent being surgeried from foundation portion, maternal after using for the first time gibberellin, just can gather in about 28 days, and the airing in time of maternal harvesting back dropped to seed moisture content below 12.5% in 48 hours.
The gained seed quality can reach: purity is not less than 96.0%; Cleanliness is not less than 98.0%; Moisture content is not higher than 13.0%; Germination rate is not less than 80.0%.
Above-described embodiment describes preferred implementation of the present invention; Be not that scope of the present invention is limited; Design under the prerequisite of spirit not breaking away from the present invention; Various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. hybrid rice seed breeding process is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) zone and the time of the selection production of hybrid seeds:
A, zone are selected: in production of hybrid seeds zone, the production of hybrid seeds here fringe after date at preceding 10 days of heading stage can not have other kinds to ear in 10 days, if the kind of in production of hybrid seeds heading stage, earing is arranged outside the production of hybrid seeds zone, space length will remain on more than 100 meters;
B, selection of time: production of hybrid seeds locality production of hybrid seeds booting stage to beginning fringe between the phase, the probability that low temperature below 20 ℃ occurs will be lower than fifty year return period; Production of hybrid seeds locality occurs at continuous three days of heading stage of the production of hybrid seeds that the probability of high temperature will be lower than fifty year return period more than 35 ℃;
2) male parent seedling: in each seedling dish, place 3 kilograms in nutrition soil and on nutrition soil, place 1 kilogram of blinding; And put into through presoaking and germinating and break the male parent seed 3500-4500 grain that chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally; The seedling dish that nutrition soil and male parent seed are housed placed move to seedling Tanaka single-deck after 48 hours and tile, the seedling dish moves to and will water once behind the seedling field permeablely, keeps moistening later on; The length of time rice seedlings grow is about to the male parent shoot transplanting equipment to seed farm after reaching 15-20 days; The preparation method of said nutrition soil for dry ground or the vegetable plot soil fragmentation of will loosening after, in per 100 kilograms of gained hacks, add urea 100g, potassium chloride 80g, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 400g, fenaminosulf 10g;
3) male parent shoot transplanting equipment: with rice transplanter with step 2 gained length of time rice seedlings grow 15-20 days male parent shoot transplanting equipment to seed farm; Every mu of seed farm need be transplanted the male parent rice shoot of 4-5 seedling dish; The male parent rice shoot distributes as follows: dark, shallow rice shoot cross arrangement, the i.e. dark rice shoot of delegation, the shallow rice shoot of delegation, so circulation; Wherein shallow rice shoot is meant the rice shoot that is inserted to the seed farm 1cm degree of depth; Dark rice shoot is meant the rice shoot that is inserted to the seed farm 2.0-2.2cm degree of depth, and the dark rice shoot of delegation, the shallow rice shoot of delegation are one group, between the dark rice shoot of adjacent set apart from 2-3 rice; Line-spacing 30cm between dark, the shallow rice shoot on the same group, every mu of seed farm institute basal dressing contains N element 5-6 kilogram, phosphorus pentoxide 2.5-3.5 kilogram, potassium oxide 5-6 kilogram;
4) maternal live and management: when this sowing of father and mother differs from the phase in two weeks the time, maternal seed directly sowed to the male parent rice shoot transplanted in the seed farm that finishes; When this sowing of father and mother difference phase during greater than two weeks, maternal seed to be sowed after conventional vernalization to the male parent rice shoot transplanted in the seed farm that finishes, the position of maternal planting seed is between the adjacent depth male parent rice shoot of adjacent set; Maternal mu seeding quantity is a 3-3.3 jin seed; 3-3.3 jin is pressed the dry seeds Mass Calculation, female parent after planting becomes to live and maternal upright seedling for guaranteeing male parent; Keep the field moistening but open fire can not be arranged; Carry out chemical weed control after maternal one week of sowing, the field keeps shallow water after the chemical weed control, chases after the fertile 5-10 of adding of primary tillering kilogram urea;
5) ear differentiation monitoring and florescence adjustment: estimate preceding 25 days of heading stage and begin to get this stem of father and mother microscopy, if this ear differentiation of father and mother process, explains that the florescence can normally meet all one to the second phase; If differing by more than first phase, this ear differentiation of father and mother process controls method adjustment this florescence of father and mother that water is short or potassium control nitrogen is short through doing;
6) remove fringe strain morning, variant, the different kind strain in field before and after heading flowering period management: a, the heading; B, when the male parent of 1-2% is eared, begin to spray gibberellin, spray gibberellin after 36-48 hour again one time, every mu of seed farm uses the gibberellin total amount to be 38-48g; C, artificial supplementary pollination: just begin to carry out artificial supplementary pollination when flowering appears in male parent, accomplishing during artificial supplementary pollination that male parent is bloomed just carries out artificial pollination, no matter whether female parent blooms, adheres to artificial supplementary pollination 3-4 time every day;
7) artificial supplementary pollination is carried out after 7-10 days male parent being surgeried from foundation portion, maternal after using for the first time gibberellin, just can gather in about 28 days, and the airing in time of maternal harvesting back dropped to seed moisture content below 12.5% in 48 hours.
2. hybrid rice seed breeding process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the preparation method of nutrition soil, in per 100 kilograms of gained hacks, also add paclobutrazol 0-10g in the step 2.
3. hybrid rice seed breeding process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: being distributed as of step 3 male parent rice shoot: with spacing in the rows 14-20cm between delegation's rice shoot, and every cave 2-5 seedling.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103392428A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | New arrangement method of male-parent and female-parent transplanting for hybrid rape seed production |
| CN103548630A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-05 | 杨勋毅 | Fully mechanized seed production method of hybrid rice |
| CN104303989A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江大学 | Hybrid rice seed breeding method |
| CN105123502A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-09 | 宁波市种植业管理总站 | Method for seed production of hybrid rice |
| CN105900761A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-31 | 四川农业大学 | Machine-transplanted hybrid rice hill-reduction seedling-stabilizing large-ear culturing method |
| CN109691368A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-30 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of method of crossbreeding rice |
| CN111657140A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-15 | 台州市台农种业有限公司 | Method for producing hybrid rice seeds of indica rice and japonica rice |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392428A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | New arrangement method of male-parent and female-parent transplanting for hybrid rape seed production |
| CN103548630A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-05 | 杨勋毅 | Fully mechanized seed production method of hybrid rice |
| CN103548630B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2016-05-11 | 杨勋毅 | A kind of method that breeding of hybrid rice entire mechanization is produced |
| CN104303989A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江大学 | Hybrid rice seed breeding method |
| CN104303989B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江大学 | A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process |
| CN105123502A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-09 | 宁波市种植业管理总站 | Method for seed production of hybrid rice |
| CN105900761A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-31 | 四川农业大学 | Machine-transplanted hybrid rice hill-reduction seedling-stabilizing large-ear culturing method |
| CN105900761B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2020-03-10 | 四川农业大学 | Hole-reducing seedling-stabilizing large-ear cultivation method for machine-transplanted hybrid rice |
| CN109691368A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-30 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of method of crossbreeding rice |
| CN109691368B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2022-02-11 | 西南科技大学 | Method for breeding seeds of hybrid rice |
| CN111657140A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-15 | 台州市台农种业有限公司 | Method for producing hybrid rice seeds of indica rice and japonica rice |
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