CN105900761A - Machine-transplanted hybrid rice hill-reduction seedling-stabilizing large-ear culturing method - Google Patents
Machine-transplanted hybrid rice hill-reduction seedling-stabilizing large-ear culturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900761A CN105900761A CN201610435960.XA CN201610435960A CN105900761A CN 105900761 A CN105900761 A CN 105900761A CN 201610435960 A CN201610435960 A CN 201610435960A CN 105900761 A CN105900761 A CN 105900761A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine-transplanted hybrid rice hill-reduction seedling-stabilizing large-ear culturing method. The machine-transplanted line spacing of hybrid rice is 0.30 m, and the hill spacing is adjusted to be 0.20 m to 0.25 m; the seedling grabbing area is set according to the seedling establishment percentage, and during transplanting, the number of seedlings in each hill is 3 to 5 on average so that it can be guaranteed that the number of survival seedlings in each hill is 2 to 4 after regeneration, the density is 132000 hills per hm<2> to 167000 hills per hm<2>, the average total seedling number is 240 pieces per hm<2> to 300 pieces per hm<2>; in other words, the weight of seeds per hm<2> is kept being 18 kg to 22.5 kg. According to the machine-transplanted hybrid rice hill-reduction seedling-stabilizing large-ear culturing method, the number of transplanting hills is reduced by 25.8% to 41% compared with conventional transplanting, and transplanting efficiency is greatly improved; as the number of hills is decreased without decreasing the number of seedlings, the number of seedlings in each hill is increased, the transplanting missing rate is reduced by 10 percent or above, and the number of persons for seedling supplementing is decreased by 3 to 4 per hm<2>; the machine-transplanted late-planting and late-harvesting area of multi-cropping rice fields in Sichuan is large, and rainwater after autumn is much; when the number of hills is decreased, ventilation and light transmitting become better, pest and disease damage is reduced, lodging is reduced, and large ears, more grains and high yield are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rice Cropping technical field, particularly relating to a kind of machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice, to subtract cave steady
Seedling big fringe cultural method.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. is the staple food crop of China, light in occupation of lifting foot in the grain security of China
The effect of weight.In the case of rural laborer falls sharply, the mechanized cultivation area of Oryza sativa L. is
Being gradually increased, by 2013, national paddy machinery plantation level and machine receipts level reached the most
36.1%, 80.9%.Sichuan is the big province of Rice Production, pushes forward rice planting mechanization comprehensively and is
Inexorable trend, it is ensured that grain security, the high and stable yields of rice mechanization just seem increasingly important.
The specification that Oryza sativa L. is planted plays pivotal role to the formation of Later Stage of Rice group structure, thus affects
The formation of yield.Due to the decision of rice transplanter performance, the row cave of Sichuan province transplanting is away from giving birth to
On product, the specification of popularity is line-spacing 0.30m, and cave is away from 0.14-0.16m, and Planting Densities is general
It is 22.5 ten thousand caves/hm2, its thinking is to maintain higher Planting Densities to ensure Basic Seedling, thus
Stable yields is realized by the effective fringe of height.In this case, owing to rice shoot can be caused wound when transplanting
Evil or the uneven feature of level of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot itself and cause Lou nest phenomenon slotting, scarce and behind
The impact of specific group structure, and the feature of transplanting be efficiently, low cost, for machine
For rice transplanting large plantation family, if all scarce nest drift seedling laying correction one time after Zaiing, the most significantly
Increase cost of labor, and owing to the bigger implementation of area is got up the most highly difficult.Owing to the later stage manages now
The raising of reason technology, though improve a lot when its yield most starts to promote, but reaches now
Certain limit and the more traditional hands of large area production yields are inserted still certain gap, it is desirable to further
Development rice mechanization, and is promoted and come that still having much works to do.Machine transplanting of rice rice is by carrying
Height plants cave number, reduces and plants Seedling number, ensures the raising of yield with the effective fringe of height.Plant rule
Lattice are generally: line-spacing 0.30m, cave is away from 0.14-0.16m, and Planting Densities is generally 22.5 ten thousand caves
/hm2。
In management method, with effective fringe of tackling key problems as management objectives.(1) due to planting system
With the reason of crops for rotation, the machine transplanting of rice plants that to receive late phenomenon very universal late, the rainy weather in local autumn such as Sichuan
Many, the daylighting of Later Stage of Rice colony is bad, and pest and disease damage is extremely serious, affects yield composition.Existing
Technology is intended to by ensureing that higher density ensures Basic Seedling, but Oryza sativa L. has shooting property.By
In planting cave away from less, after later stage rice tillering, between each cave, space is narrower and small, Rice Population
Envelope row rear blade mutually hides, and affects photosynthesis, is unfavorable for the formation of big fringe, thus hinders
The formation of high yield, pest and disease damage is serious simultaneously, and easily lodges.(2) leakage is inserted or scarce nest is to yield
Restricted effect.Industrial seedling rearing is weak compared with dry rice seedling, and on unit are soil block, possible young plant is more
Or without Seedling, and rice shoot height has uneven situation.The particularly outer seedling of canopy, the length of time rice seedlings grow is slightly
It is easier to time long that this type of situation occurs.Rice transplanter is segmentation seedling block actually when grabbing seedling, due to respectively
Rice shoot number and the rice shoot power of the seedling block of unit are are indefinite, therefore after rice transplanter operation, often can in field
Occur drift seedling laying, plant seedling hurting (including the phenomenon that rice shoot sheath has injured, stabs or cut off),
And the phenomenon that leakage is inserted, drift seedling laying all possibly cannot survive with planting seedling hurting.The people when planting
Set up and put 2-3 Seedling/cave, but because there being above-mentioned situation to occur, the most least a portion of cave nest is pre-
If appearance, rice shoot live highland barley stably after major part can only have 1-2 seed Seedling, also one
Branch becomes the situation without Seedling because of above-mentioned situation.And advocate now implantation in large scale, grower
It mostly is large plantation family, can not complete polishing for the situation of being short of seedling.This is in a sense
Decrease cave number and decrease Basic Seedling, if the place that vacancy is more, also can exist light resources
Utilize insufficient situation, community superiority is not brought into play completely, limits throughput is made
With.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice and subtract the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method,
Aim to solve the problem that the machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice leakage insert many, plant efficiency low, mend seedling time-consuming, large area give birth to
Post-partum period serious, yield is relatively low, yield the is unstable problem of pest and disease damage.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method,
Described machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method hybrid paddy rice line-spacing 0.30m, cave away from for
0.20-0.25m;Every cave 3-5 Seedling after hybridization rice seedling cultivation, density is 13.2-16.7 ten thousand caves/hm2,
Every hm2Sowing quantity is 18-22.5kg.
Further, during described machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method, transplanting often dish is broadcast
Plant amount thousand grain weigth 20-25g, then broadcast 60-65g;Mass of 1000 kernel 25-30g, then broadcast 65-70g,
The length of time rice seedlings grow is 30 days.
Further, described machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method and specifically includes following step
Rapid:
Step one, sowing, often dish application rate thousand grain weigth 20g~25g, broadcasts 60g~65g,
Thousand grain weigth 25g~30g, then sowing 65g~70g;
Step 2, cave away from grab seedling amount regulation, by cave away from being adjusted to 20cm~25cm;
Step 3, cave away from grab after seedling amount mixes up, try in advance to plant, the cave that investigation examination is planted is away from flat
All cave Seedling numbers, average every cave number is 3 Seedlings~5 Seedlings;
Step 4, formally plants.
The machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice that the present invention provides subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method, hybrid paddy rice line-spacing
0.30m, cave, away from being adjusted to 0.20-0.25m, arranges according to percentage establishment of seedling and grabs seedling area, first carry out
1-2m is planted in examination, it is ensured that average every cave 3-5 Seedling after cultivation, to guarantee that after turning green, average every cave survives
2-4 Seedling, density is 13.2-16.7 ten thousand caves/hm2, (22.5 ten thousand caves/hm is planted than routine2) subtract
Planting cave number 25.8%-41% less, increase substantially and plant efficiency, total is average by seedling amount
240-300 dish/hm2(i.e. every hm2Sowing quantity is maintained at 18-22.5kg), it is ensured that every cave is extremely
More than rare 1 Seedling surviving, stablizing every mu has Seedling cave number, stabilizes total Seedling number and effective fringe,
Reduce in the case of planting cave number, by increasing cave Seedling number, it is ensured that stablizing of total Seedling number, and
Finally ensure that high effective fringe, on this basis, by promoting fringe big and high yield.The present invention
Transplanting often dish application rate thousand grain weigth 20-25g, then broadcast 60-65g;Mass of 1000 kernel 25-30g,
Then broadcasting 65-70g, the length of time rice seedlings grow is about 30 days, and the length of time rice seedlings grow long meeting causes layering, lower floor time serious
Rice shoot can be gradually downright bad.Therefore lower floor's seedling that the length of time rice seedlings grow plants time long is difficult to survive, when grabbing seedling
There are the upper strata seedlings of 2-3 Seedling in good every cave, to ensure that every cave survives number.
The machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice that the present invention provides subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method, increase cave away from, increase
Grab greatly seedling amount, thus improve and plant efficiency, decrease rate of Lou inserting, optimize Later Stage of Rice group
Body structure, adds big fringe, thus improves yield further, it is achieved stable high yield;Solve
The receipts machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice large area production later stage late of cultivation late is serious because of the many pest and disease damages of rainwater, and yield is relatively low
Technical problem so that planting late machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice to obtain high and stable yields, promoted peasant to subtract throwing
Increase income, it is simple to the further genralrlization of hybrid paddy rice machine transplanting of rice technology.Planting row spacing of the present invention is constant, increases
Plant greatly cave away from, reduce cave number, increase seedling amount of grabbing simultaneously and (i.e. increase the seedling block that rice transplanter captures
Area), to ensure that every cave all can also have rice shoot to deposit after rice shoot occurs planting the situation such as wound, drift seedling
Live, the slotting rate of minimizing leakage, thus guarantor unit's area Basic Seedling, it is ensured that stem quantity, improve main
Stem contribution to yield rate, it is ensured that yield.The present invention reduces rate of Lou inserting, basic from substantially ensureing
Seedling.
This invention ensures that transplanting low cost, efficiently, it is achieved efficiently stable yields, increase and grab seedling amount,
Increase simultaneously cave away from, reduce cave number, leakage is inserted rate and is reduced by more than 10 percentage points, every hm2Subtract
Mend the artificial 3-4 of seedling less;Cave is away from increase, and the space in every cave is the biggest, and illumination condition is good, profit
Yu great Sui is formed;Can rely on many tillers, much fringes that number of live vaccine is deposited few in every cave ensure that is produced from every cave
Amount, every cave deposit number of live vaccine many many stems can be relied on to ensure every cave yield, thus ensure whole
Body yield.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice that the embodiment of the present invention provides subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method
Flow chart.
Fig. 2 is Experimental comparison's schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
In figure: 1, the water surface;2, mud face;3, drift seedling laying;4, leakage rice transplanting;5, sheath is planted
Seedling hurting;6, rice shoot is cut off;
I, normal mode;II, improved mode;
A, both of which plant rear tangent plane design sketch;After B, both of which field highland barley alive are stablized
Vertical view design sketch
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with
Embodiment, is further elaborated to the present invention.Should be appreciated that tool described herein
Body embodiment only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the application principle of the present invention is explained in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, the machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice of the embodiment of the present invention subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method
Comprise the following steps:
S101: sowing, often dish application rate thousand grain weigth 20g~25g, broadcast 60g~65g, plants
Sub-mass of 1000 kernel 25g~30g, then sowing 65g~70g;
S102: cave away from grab seedling amount regulation, according to by cave away from being adjusted to 20cm~25cm, roughly
Investigate often dish seedling density and percentage establishment of seedling, grab seedling according to initial investigation results and adjusted cave away from setting
Amount, for ensureing Basic Seedling, cave arranges relatively large away from arranging bigger seedling amount of grabbing, and cave is away from less
, grab seedling amount and arrange relatively small;
S103: examination is planted, cave away from grab after seedling amount mixes up, 1m~2m, investigation examination are planted in examination in advance
The cave planted away from average cave Seedling number, i.e. check cave away from whether as scheme, average every cave number is wanted
Reaching 3 Seedlings~5 Seedlings, misfitting if having, after readjusting, repeat this step;
S104: formally plant.
2 with experiment, the application effect of the present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example one:
2014,2015 in Pixian County respectively with narrow cave away from wide cave away from doing yielding Demonstration, knot
Fruit show (table 1), wide cave away from yield be also higher than narrow cave away from, narrow cave is 610kg/ away from theoretical yield
Mu-710kg/ mu, F excellent 498 checks and accepts yield average yield per mu 640kg;Wide cave reaches away from theoretical yield
More than 700kg/ mu, and maximum output nearly 800kg/ mu when checking and accepting, yield is greatly improved.From
Yield component is seen, wide cave depends primarily on the raising of mass of 1000 kernel and setting percentage away from output increased,
Defined daily doses and effective fringe are more or less the same.Illustrate that mu cave number reduces can't affect the most effectively
The quantity of fringe and affect yield, may be just because of the generation of its space greatly and beneficially effective tillering;
And large space illumination is sufficient, more conducively Rice Photosynthesis, beneficially Grain Filling and the shape of big fringe
Become.
The different cave of table 1 away under the conditions of Yield and its components factor
Example two:
Test is set specially for 2014 in Pixian County, respectively two kinds of seedling environment (seedbed, field and
Warmhouse booth) with three kinds of length of time rice seedlings grow (20d, 30d, 40d) under the conditions of to width cave away from grinding
Studying carefully, during transplanting, every cave is set to 2 Seedlings, and result shows (table 2), in wide cave away from Basic Seedling the fewest
In narrow cave in the case of (stem number tails off, and greatly reduces the contribution to yield), greenhouse is big
The canopy 30d length of time rice seedlings grow machine transplanting of rice width cave away under still there is high yield potential.Under the conditions of field seedling raising, different
The narrow cave of the length of time rice seedlings grow machine transplanting of rice away from having higher effective fringe, but except the 40d length of time rice seedlings grow narrow cave away from yield show
Writing higher than wide cave away from outward, it is the most notable that other process difference;And warmhouse booth seedling, wide cave is away from having
The effect the most a little higher than narrow cave of fringe away from, and 30d length of time rice seedlings grow width cave is away from having higher real grain number and setting percentage,
Cause its yield higher.On the whole, wide cave is less than narrow cave away from mainly effective because of it away from yield
Fringe and mass of 1000 kernel are slightly lower, if just think width cave away from Basic Seedling with narrow cave away from consistent, wide cave away from
Stem number will increase, and yield will further improve.
Table 2 plants cave away from the impact on indica Hybrid Rice yield and its component
Note: narrow cave is 17cm away from N, wide cave is 20cm away from W, and line-spacing is 30cm,
After transplanting, every cave is set to 2 Seedlings.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention,
All any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention,
Should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method, it is characterised in that described machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice
Subtracting the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method hybrid paddy rice line-spacing 0.30m, cave is away from for 0.20-0.25m;Hybridization rice seedling is every after planting
Cave 3-5 Seedling, density is 13.2-16.7 ten thousand caves/hm2, every hm2Sowing quantity is 18-22.5kg.
2. machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice as claimed in claim 1 subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method, it is characterised in that
Described machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice subtracts transplanting often dish application rate thousand grain weigth in the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method
20-25g, then broadcast 60-65g;Mass of 1000 kernel 25-30g, then broadcast 65-70g, and the length of time rice seedlings grow is 30 days.
3. machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice as claimed in claim 1 subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method, it is characterised in that
Described machine transplanting of rice hybrid paddy rice subtracts the steady Seedling in cave big fringe cultural method and specifically includes following steps:
Step one, sowing, often dish application rate thousand grain weigth 20g~25g, broadcasts 60g~65g, thousand grain weigth
25g~30g, then sowing 65g~70g;
Step 2, cave away from grab seedling amount regulation, by cave away from being adjusted to 20cm~25cm;
Step 3, cave away from grab after seedling amount mixes up, try in advance to plant, the cave that investigation examination is planted away from average cave Seedling number,
Average every cave number is 3 Seedlings~5 Seedlings;
Step 4, formally plants.
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Cited By (1)
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CN111887115A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-06 | 马鞍山农腾生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Novel organic rice field physical weeding method for guaranteeing yield per unit level |
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CN102498999A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-06-20 | 成都金卓农业有限公司 | Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production |
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CN111887115A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-06 | 马鞍山农腾生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Novel organic rice field physical weeding method for guaranteeing yield per unit level |
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