CN102668943A - Complex planting and breeding method of kiwi fruits and aquatic products - Google Patents
Complex planting and breeding method of kiwi fruits and aquatic products Download PDFInfo
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- CN102668943A CN102668943A CN2012101762963A CN201210176296A CN102668943A CN 102668943 A CN102668943 A CN 102668943A CN 2012101762963 A CN2012101762963 A CN 2012101762963A CN 201210176296 A CN201210176296 A CN 201210176296A CN 102668943 A CN102668943 A CN 102668943A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a complex planting and breeding method of kiwi fruits and aquatic products. The method comprises the following steps: controlling a distance between kiwi fruit ridges at about 8 m; digging a 3.5-4 m wide and 0.4-0.5 m deep water pond on a furrow; arranging anti-escape facilities at the surrounding of a pond bank; constructing a grid-shaped canopy frame on the kiwi fruit ridges which are about 1 m high and about 2 m wide; emptying the water in the pond when 20-30 days pass away before aquatic fries are bred; cleaning and disinfecting the pond by using quicklime or bleaching powder; breeding the aquatic fries in springs; applying a rotten livestock manure and baits; regulating water quality and keeping the water level in a stable state; harvesting the kiwi fruits in autumns; fishing the aquatic products after the aquatic products grow up and are suitable for fishing; emptying the pond water; covering kiwi fruit ridge bank by using sludge at the pond bottom; and repairing the ridge bank. Through complex planting and breeding of the kiwi fruits and the aquatic products, comprehensive operation can be motivated, the product yield per unit area is effectively increased, and both production and income are increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the multi-storied agriculture field, particularly a kind of kiwi fruit orchard cover is supported the aggregate species breeding method of aquatic products.
Background technology
Multi-storied agriculture is meant on the unit are soil (in the waters) or in certain area coverage; Carry out solid growth, three-dimensional culture or three-dimensional compound breeding, and, improve the output of cycle efficieny, material conversion ratio and the secondary material of energy dexterously by input artificial in the pattern; Set up the commensalism of many species; Multi-level configuration, multiple timings is staggered, multistage matter, the agricultural Model that can transform.This pattern can rationally be utilized natural resources, living resources and human being's production technical ability, realizes being transformed and the optimization of the three-dimensional pattern that key element such as technology is formed by species, level, energy circulation, material.
Kiwi fruit originates in China, because of the abundant and fashionable especially countries in the world of ascorbic content in its fresh fruit, becomes a kind of emerging fruit tree.In the fruit except that ascorbic content than apple, sweet orange high several times to tens times, also contain citrin (being Lu Ding) and protease, bring high blood pressure down and digestive effect, be a kind of health-care nutritional food.Aspect medical value, according to the modern medicine clinical testing, its fresh fruit and fruit juice all have certain prevention effect and auxiliary curative effect to diseases such as leprosy, alimentary tract cancer, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.Kiwi fruit is a kind of fallen leaves vine fruit, and the long shoot tip has counterclockwise prehensile, can seek connections with on other plant or support and grow.The young sprout year increment is very big, can reach more than 3 meters sometimes, so can be very fast cloth shelfful face, growth later stage top is from withered.
What adopted in existing kiwi fruit orchard all is single agricultural planting pattern, and product structure is single, and economic benefit is lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective that exists in the prior art, the aggregate species breeding method of a kind of kiwi fruit and aquatic products is provided.This compound breeding can drive comprehensive management, effectively improves the unit are agricultural output.
The aggregate species breeding method of a kind of kiwi fruit and aquatic products is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) control kiwi fruit distance between the ridges is about 8 meters, on furrow, excavates 3.5～4 meters wide, 0.4～0.5 meter dark pond, around Chi Geng, the anti-facility of escaping is set; High about 1 meter of said kiwi fruit ridge, wide about 2 meters, built latticed frame on the ridge;
2) the aquatic products seedling was put in a suitable place to breed preceding 20～30 days, drained Chi Shui, with quicklime or bleaching powder clear pond sterilization;
3) throw in the aquatic products seedling spring, execute become thoroughly decomposed livestock and poultry muck and bait;
4) regulation and control water quality keeps stable level;
5) gather in the crops kiwi fruit autumn;
6) aquatic products grows into and fishes for after date and fish for, and puts Gan Chishui, mud at the bottom of the pond is covered on the ridge, kiwi fruit ridge trimming Chi Geng.
The present invention carries out the complex culture aquatic products under the overhead width dense planting of kiwi fruit high ridge planting conditions, can improve integrated production capacity, increasing both production and income.
Chinese actinidia root frenulum succulence, main root is undeveloped, and lateral root distributes more shallow and wide, must newspaper prosperity especially.The kiwi fruit root system is generally concentrated and is distributed in 0.2～0.6 meter dark soil layer, but root system concentrates in 0.3～0.5 meter soil layer mostly.Prior art generally adopts low ridge or level land to cultivate, if cover is supported aquatic products in furrow excavation pond, is easy to cause the root system accumulated water, causes the kiwi fruit root system mildew and rot even dead.Because of the present invention adopts high ridge (about 1 meter) cultivation kiwi fruit, carry out aquaculture in furrow excavation pond, the kiwi fruit root can not produce rotten because of ponding.In the spring and summer time, it is vigorous that Kiwi growth is sent out branch, is covered with the frame face of latticed frame soon; Form natural gallery; Can cover strong sunlight, the shady and cool place of covering is provided for the aquatic products species in the on-swimmer's pool, influence growth to avoid it to receive strong illumination.Gather in the crops harvesting after the kiwi fruit maturation autumn.Behind the aquatic product fishery, put Gan Chishui, can mud at the bottom of the pond be covered on the ridge, kiwi fruit ridge; Because of a large amount of ight soil is discharged in metabolism in the aquatic products seedling early growth process; Wherein contain abundant organic matter, can be used as the organic manure of kiwi fruit, play and protect effect fertile, getting fat.Aquatic products are cultured through the Winter-Spring, and the freshwater lobster per mu yield can reach 400～500 kilograms; The kiwi fruit per mu yield can reach 1500～2000 kilograms, and comprehensive benefit improves than single cropping kiwi fruit and aquaculture greatly.
Further, said latticed frame height is 2.5～3 meters.Adopt high-level cultivating, help keeping the rational skeleton of tree body, improve ventilation condition, and formed natural gallery landscape effect, be specially adapted to modern city leisure sightseeing type orchard.
The aquatic products kind that aquatic products seedling among the present invention should select the cloudy and suitable shallow water of happiness to culture.Be preferably in freshwater lobster, loach, swamp eel, crab, spiral shell, the freshwater mussel one or more, these kind fast growths, economic worth is high, and the cover that very suits in the kiwi fruit orchard is supported.
When throwing in the aquatic products seedling spring, its injected volume is preferably every mu 1.5～20,000 tails.Said regulation and control water quality comprises: keeping the pond dissolved oxygen amount is 5～12 grams per liters, and the pH value is 7～8.5 to change primary water in per 15～20 days, changes water 1/3 at every turn; The lime water of splashing one time in per 20 days, every mu with 10 kilograms of quicklimes.
The present invention has the following advantages: (1) the present invention utilizes kiwi fruit and aquatic products species time difference and the space parallax in process of growth; Produce simultaneously on ground; Through reasonable assembling, thickness is supporting, utilizes advantage separately each other; Forming the high yield and high quality production system, is a kind of more satisfactory multi-storied agriculture pattern.Adopt kiwi fruit and the compound breeding of aquatic products, can drive comprehensive management, effectively improve the unit are product yield, increasing both production and income.(2) save land resources.(3) aggregate species breeding method of the present invention, no pesticide grown and chemical fertilizer during the Kiwi growth are real green organic farm products.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Carry out kiwi fruit and the compound breeding of freshwater lobster according to following method.
1) level land, ridging, high about 1 meter of ridge, wide about 2 meters.About 8 meters of control distance between the ridges has been built latticed frame on the ridge.On the furrow between two high ridges, excavate 3.5～4 meters wide, 0.4～0.5 meter dark pond, smooth at the bottom of the maintenance pond, around Chi Geng, the anti-circle of escaping is set with plastic film or calcium-plastic board.
2) the shrimp seedling was put in a suitable place to breed preceding 20～30 days, drained Chi Shui, removed too much mud, and trimming Chi Geng, every mu (667 square metres) are with 75 kilograms of quicklimes or medicines such as bleaching powder, bleaching essence, sterilized in thoroughly clear pond.
3) throw in the shrimp seedling spring, shrimp seedling specification is 100～200 every kilogram, and injected volume is every mu 1.5～20,000 tails.Execute 500～600 kilograms in the livestock and poultry muck of becoming thoroughly decomposed for every mu, cultivate wheel animalcule and cladocera, copepoda plankton, for the shrimp seedling provides agreeable to the taste bait.
4) regulation and control water quality, keeping shrimp pond dissolved oxygen amount is 5～12 grams per liters, the pH value is 7～8.5; About 40 centimetres of transparencies.Changed primary water, and changed water 1/3 at every turn in per 15～20 days; The lime water of splashing one time in per 20 days, every mu with 10 kilograms of quicklimes.Keep stable level, can not be fluctuated.Shrimp happiness the moon keeps in dark place, and it is vigorous that summer, Kiwi growth was sent out branch, is covered with the frame face of latticed frame soon, forms natural gallery, can cover strong sunlight, the shady and cool place of covering is provided for the shrimp seedling, influences growth to avoid it to receive strong illumination.Kiwi growth is not sprayed insecticide season.
5) per mu yield can reach 1500～2000 kilograms to kiwi fruit in 10～November the full bearing period.
6) culture through the Winter-Spring, freshwater lobster grows into fishes for after date and fishes for, and per mu yield can reach 400～500 kilograms.Put Gan Chishui, mud at the bottom of the pond is covered on the ridge, kiwi fruit ridge, trimming Chi Geng.Discharge a large amount of ight soil because of metabolism in the aquatic products seedling early growth process, wherein contain abundant organic matter, can be used as the organic manure of kiwi fruit, play and protect effect fertile, getting fat.
Embodiment 2
The compound breeding of kiwi fruit and loach
1) level land, ridging, high about 1 meter of ridge, wide about 2 meters.About 8 meters of control distance between the ridges has been built latticed frame on the ridge.On the furrow between two high ridges, excavate 3.5～4 meters wide, 0.4～0.5 meter dark pond, smooth at the bottom of the maintenance pond, around Chi Geng, the anti-circle of escaping is set with plastic film or calcium-plastic board.
2) pond with mud at the bottom of for well, it is dark then should to spread 15～20 centimetres in earth.The pond area should not be too big, with about one mu, is advisable every mu of tender seedling 50,000～100,000 tails that can put 3～4 centimeter length.Applying fertilizer to the subsoil putting Miao Qianying shop, is main with fertilizer, cultivates the bait of a large amount of zooplanktons as the mud spade.
3) put after the seedling, progressively strengthen feedstuff feeding, and impose organic manure, the main kind of the bait of throwing something and feeding has rice bran, soya-bean cake, wheat bran, bean dregs, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, earthworm and food processing discarded object etc.Fertilizer has people's animal dung, crops straw compost etc.Be higher than 30 ℃ or when being lower than 10 ℃, daily ration, feeding quantity should reduce like water temperature.
5) per mu yield can reach 1500～2000 kilograms to kiwi fruit in 10～November the full bearing period.
6) generally raise and can catch in 8～10 months, every mu of high yield can reach 250～400 kilograms.Long about 15 centimetres of every urosome, body weight 10～15 grams reach commercial specification.Put Gan Chishui, mud at the bottom of the pond is covered on the ridge, kiwi fruit ridge, trimming Chi Geng.Discharge a large amount of ight soil because of metabolism in the aquatic products seedling early growth process, wherein contain abundant organic matter, can be used as the organic manure of kiwi fruit, play and protect effect fertile, getting fat.
Embodiment 3
The compound breeding of kiwi fruit and crab
The plantation of kiwi fruit is identical with embodiment 2 with whole ground
Generally put 500～600/mu in a suitable place to breed, crab has an abundant life, growing space.
In March,, water temperature just begins to throw something and feed when reaching more than 10 ℃.Bait mainly contains spoil and butchers offcuts, freshwater mussel meat, spiral shell meat, shrimp etc. and wheat, paddy, cake class, the aquatic or fresh and tender grass of Lu Sheng type.
In 4～May, the pasture and water in the pond sprout, and biological feed is multiplied, and the crab kind individuality of just having put is little, and water temperature is low again, and the crab intensity of feeding is not high, the feed of animal origin of can throwing something and feeding less, blue or green, the roughage of many throwings.
In 6～October, the crab individuality is grown up gradually, and water temperature increases, and the intensity of feeding of crab is big, and especially 8～October, crab fattening gathers Huang, and body weight significantly increases, the feed of animal origin of throwing something and feeding more.Throw something and feed 1 time at dusk every day, and feed is thrown at the pool side shoal, is provided with on the food platform of multiple spot.
Each feeding volume accounts for about 10～20% of crab full weight, and look season, water temperature, weather, ingest, growing state suitably increases and decreases.
Also can carry out the crab fish raises together with.The crab fish is raised together with and can make full use of the water body space, improves bait utilization, purifies water, and effectively improves the pond water quality condition.But to be main to support crab, can adapt to and put a spot of silver carp, flathead, grass, bream, Tilapia mossambica in a suitable place to breed, but can not put the ends such as carp, the black carp predacious fish that dwells in a suitable place to breed.Note anti-escaping.
Certainly, the embodiment that is not limited only to of the present invention, the aquatic products seedling among the present invention can also should select the aquatic products kind that the cloudy and suitable shallow water of happiness is cultured; In preferred swamp eel, spiral shell, the freshwater mussel one or more, these kind fast growths, economic worth is high, very suits in the kiwi fruit orchard, to overlap to support, and also can adapt to and put a spot of silver carp, flathead, grass, bream, Tilapia mossambica etc. in a suitable place to breed.
Claims (5)
1. the aggregate species breeding method of kiwi fruit and aquatic products is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) control kiwi fruit distance between the ridges is about 8 meters, on furrow, excavates 3.5～4 meters wide, 0.4～0.5 meter dark pond, around Chi Geng, the anti-facility of escaping is set; High about 1 meter of said kiwi fruit ridge, wide about 2 meters, built latticed frame on the ridge;
2) the aquatic products seedling was put in a suitable place to breed preceding 20～30 days, drained Chi Shui, with quicklime or bleaching powder clear pond sterilization;
3) throw in the aquatic products seedling spring, execute become thoroughly decomposed livestock and poultry muck and bait;
4) regulation and control water quality keeps stable level;
5) gather in the crops kiwi fruit autumn;
6) aquatic products grows into and fishes for after date and fish for, and puts Gan Chishui, mud at the bottom of the pond is covered on the ridge, kiwi fruit ridge trimming Chi Geng.
2. aggregate species breeding method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said latticed frame height is 2.5～3 meters.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 aggregate species breeding method is characterized in that: described aquatic products seedling is cloudy and be fit to the aquatic products kind that shallow water is cultured for happiness.
4. aggregate species breeding method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described aquatic products seedling is one or more in freshwater lobster, loach, swamp eel, crab, spiral shell, the freshwater mussel.
5. aggregate species breeding method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: add silver carp, flathead, grass, bream, Tilapia mossambica mixed breed in the described aquatic products seedling.
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| CN2012101762963A CN102668943A (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | Complex planting and breeding method of kiwi fruits and aquatic products |
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| CN2012101762963A CN102668943A (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | Complex planting and breeding method of kiwi fruits and aquatic products |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN104472405A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州苏湘特种水产养殖场 | Aquaculture green ecological circulating system |
| CN104521662A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 黄欢 | Method for breeding earthworms and interplanting fragrant plantain lily in kiwifruit garden |
| CN111328611A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Flat-land high-ridge planting method for avocados |
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| CN104472405A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州苏湘特种水产养殖场 | Aquaculture green ecological circulating system |
| CN104521662A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 黄欢 | Method for breeding earthworms and interplanting fragrant plantain lily in kiwifruit garden |
| CN111328611A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Flat-land high-ridge planting method for avocados |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |