CN102665427A - 包含抗氧剂的液体奶精 - Google Patents
包含抗氧剂的液体奶精 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102665427A CN102665427A CN2010800582144A CN201080058214A CN102665427A CN 102665427 A CN102665427 A CN 102665427A CN 2010800582144 A CN2010800582144 A CN 2010800582144A CN 201080058214 A CN201080058214 A CN 201080058214A CN 102665427 A CN102665427 A CN 102665427A
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Abstract
本发明提供了对氧化具有改善的抵抗性的液体奶精组合物,其包含相对含量足以提供一种稳定乳剂的包含至少两种不同的低分子量乳化剂的乳化组分;其量足以维持该组合物均匀性的包含两种不同纤维素化合物的掺合物的纤维素组分;存在量足以维持该组合物均匀性的卡拉胶组分;植物油和任选的其含量足以为该奶精被加入到其中的水性介质提供增白的调白剂;其量足以制备液体奶精的水和其量足以使液体奶精对光和温度诱导的氧化具有改善的抵抗性的包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素组分的抗氧剂系统。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及用于对氧化具有改善的抵抗性的延长保质期(ESL)和耐储存液体奶精(creamers)的组合物以及其制备方法。
发明背景
奶精,也被称为调白剂,被热饮和冷饮如咖啡、可可和茶广泛使用。奶精也可用作具有粉末或颗粒如谷物的牛奶或乳制奶油(dairy cream)的替代品。奶精既可以以液体形式获得,又可以以粉末形式获得。然而,粉末形式的奶精不能提供传统乳制奶精的印象。此外,当加入到饮料如咖啡中时,粉状的奶精可能难以溶解,这可能产生一种非均质的饮料。
液体奶精实质上是具有由典型的食品级油(有时被部分氢化)组成的油相的水包油乳剂。当与光和/或高温接触时,液体奶精可能会发生氧化,其中,光诱导的氧化是一个比高温诱导的氧化严重得多的问题。
目前市场上的大部分液体奶精是以ESL(延长保质期)奶精形式冷冻销售的,需要冷藏保存。已经证实,即使在冷冻条件下,在置于超市中常见的标准1075Lux荧光灯下时,如果不对这种光效应进行防护,通常的液体奶精会在数周内氧化。通常的液体奶精标签不能提供足够的光保护,其使得这一问题更加严重。例如,在美国,用于液体奶精的标准标签在400nm至600nm的最重要波长范围内可将光传输降低约65%,其离消除氧化还有很大差距。虽然有更好的标签,但是,因为光洁度不理想,这些标签在销售方面并不受欢迎。因此,由于在任何温度下在光照下放置太长时间时发生的氧化作用,目前市场上的液体奶精不可避免地产生一些不好的味道和不良的品质。
理想的耐储存液体奶精将在比冷冻产品更高的温度下与光接触,从简单化学的角度,预期这将增加氧化。耐储存液体奶精通过两种不同的但是在一定程度上相关的机理而发生氧化:仅由温度诱导的氧化,和由光诱导并由温度加速的氧化。
仅与温度相关的氧化是一种相对缓慢的现象,其本身不会造成严重到足以显著缩短该耐储存液体奶精的储存期的质量退化。例如,在约6个月后(其定义了该产品的保质期),被保持在环境温度下但被保持在黑暗中的耐储存液体奶精在感官质量上仍是可接受的。相反,由光诱导并由温度加速的氧化使得耐储存液体奶精的质量迅速退化,使得它们对于消费者而言变得不可接受。
虽然防止散装油(bulk oil)氧化是现有技术已知的,但降低液体奶精中光诱导的氧化仍然是一项艰巨的任务。目前,就最有可能携带引发光诱导的氧化过程的损害性能量的波长而言,仍然不能获得可靠的数据。
已经证实,由于诸如所用抗氧化剂、存在的螯合剂、成分纯度、成分比例、界面特性、小滴特性和成分相互作用之类的因素,乳剂油氧化涉及与散装油氧化不同的降解反应机理。公开号为20050184275A1的US专利申请教导了包含有效量的生育酚、β-胡萝卜素、卵黄或大豆磷脂以及蔗糖或山梨醇的、用于增强对水包油或油包水乳剂中高度多不饱和脂质氧化的抑制作用的抗氧剂组合物。专利号为EP 1006809的欧洲专利揭示了β-胡萝卜素和其它类胡萝卜素的水包油分散体对氧化稳定,而β-胡萝卜素水可分散的小珠(beadlets)在稀的果汁饮料中对氧化十分敏感。US 5,284,674公开了一种任选地包含以维生素E为基础的抗氧剂如维生素E dlα生育酚的粉状乳制奶精。
已知酪蛋白(其常在液体奶精中用作乳化剂)可帮助减少光诱导的氧化。然而,已经证明,当与光接触时,即使具有高酪蛋白水平的液体奶精也经历显著的降解。例如,即使在4℃下、在允许整个可见光谱的50%的光透过的包装中保存时,在1075Lux荧光灯下3至6周后,发现包含酪蛋白的液体奶精也发生了降解。不包含酪蛋白的无蛋白液体奶精在光下更迅速地降解。
虽然相当多的抗氧剂是已知的,但是,本领域的专家警告说,大多数已知的抗氧剂也令人讨厌地发挥促氧化剂的作用,其取决于食物基质的具体组成。
因此,在工业中,需要对光诱导的氧化以及与温度相关的氧化具有改善的抵抗性的液体奶精。具体地讲,需要找到一种能防止液体奶精、尤其是具有低蛋白含量和不含蛋白的液体奶精发生光和温度诱导的氧化的令人满意的抗氧剂。
发明概述
这里所述的本发明通过提供一种对光和温度诱导的氧化具有改善的抵抗性的液体奶精而满足了现有技术未被满足的需求,所述组合物包含相对含量足以提供一种稳定乳剂的包含至少两种不同的低分子量乳化剂的乳化组分;其量足以维持该组合物均匀性的包含两种不同纤维素化合物的掺合物的纤维素组分;存在量足以维持该组合物均匀性的卡拉胶(卡拉胶混合物)组分;其含量足以维持所需pH的缓冲系统;其量足以制备液体奶精的植物油和水;和其量足以提供对光和/或温度诱导的氧化具有改善的抵抗性的液体奶精的包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素(类胡萝卜素混合物)组分的抗氧剂系统。该液体奶精还可包含蛋白(蛋白混合物)、螯合剂(螯合剂混合物)、矫味剂(矫味剂混合物)、甜味剂(甜味剂混合物)和着色剂(着色剂混合物)、和数量足以为该奶精被加入到其中的水性介质提供另外的增白作用的调白剂中的一种或多种物质。
本发明进一步提供了一种饮料,其包含水性液体、成饮料组分如咖啡、茶、巧克力或果汁饮料、以及其量足以为该饮料提供成乳作用(creamingeffect)的本发明的奶精。本发明的奶精还可用作用于与食物如谷物和浆果一起食用的乳制品替代品,或者作为奶精在烹调中用于汤和其它应用。
本发明还提供了一种制备本发明的液体奶精的方法,其包括提供乳化组分、纤维素组分、卡拉胶组分、抗氧剂组分或其组合;以及在搅拌的情况下将这些组分溶解于水中。水可以是冷水、热水或者是冷水然后加热,或者是热水然后放冷。在一个实施方案中,这种方法可进一步包括在搅拌的情况下向所述水中以粉状或液体形式加入甜味剂(甜味剂混合物)、蛋白(蛋白混合物)、螯合剂(螯合剂混合物)、矫味剂(矫味剂混合物)、着色剂(着色剂混合物)和调白剂中的一种或多种。还可以向所述水或湿混合物中加入植物油从而产生一种所有组分的混合物,然后对该混合物进行热处理,所述热处理选自超高温(UHT)巴斯德灭菌法或灭菌、蒸馏和其它热处理工艺。随后的处理步骤包括匀化、冷却然后在无菌条件下填充到容器中,从而制得所述液体奶精。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素组分的抗氧剂系统用于提供对光和温度诱导的氧化具有改善的抵抗性的液体奶精的用途。
优选实施方案的详细说明
正如所注意到的那样,液体奶精、特别是可稳定储存从而使得可在室温下而不是冷藏条件下储存的那些液体奶精会经历光和温度氧化,本发明的目标是抵消或对抗这一问题。虽然对于这一目的而言,加入抗氧剂看起来是不足为奇的,但是,因为一些抗氧剂可能影响奶精的味道、颜色或感官特性,同时许多其它抗氧剂令人讨厌地发挥促氧化剂作用或对奶精的某些物理性质(例如粘度)产生不利影响,这并不是一项简单的任务。因此,如果不进行远远超出常规的试验,很难发现适宜的抗氧剂。
叶绿素可能是光诱导的氧化的一个可能诱因,但不含任何叶绿素残留的油如部分氢化的棉籽油的应用证实,氧化与可能的叶绿素含量之间没有任何可测量程度的相互关系。
为了尝试提供含有正确抗氧剂的液体奶精,对不同的抗氧剂及其组合进行了测试。发现已知的抗氧剂或其组合、或抗氧剂和螯合剂的组合例如单独的生育酚、生育酚和乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、生育酚和叔-丁基氢醌(TBHQ)、柠檬酸和TBHQ、单独的TBHQ、维生素E和维生素C的混合物都不能显著降低光诱导的氧化。
在进一步测试后,令人吃惊地发现,包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素的抗氧剂系统可有效降低光诱导的氧化并将与温度有关的氧化最小化,并且在颜色和感官性质方面适于可商用的液体奶精。因此,本发明涉及这些抗氧剂系统在不对液体奶精的感官性质产生不利影响的情况下为这些液体奶精提供所需的抗氧化性的用途和所得的包含这些抗氧剂系统的奶精组合物。
这些抗氧剂系统的阿拉伯胶组分是一种作为泡沫稳定剂和乳化剂广泛用于饮料中来增强口感的水胶体。阿拉伯胶可降低液体的表面张力,其除了包封和稳定矫味剂以及颜色外,还使得碳酸饮料的嘶嘶声增加。阿拉伯胶与其它多糖水胶体的区别在于阿拉伯胶还包含一种蛋白级分,即高度分支的阿拉伯半乳聚糖-蛋白复合物。具体而言,阿拉伯胶具有一种两亲性蛋白级分和一种与该蛋白级分相连的分支的多糖级分。可能是该阿拉伯胶的两亲性蛋白级分与液体奶精中的脂肪小滴配合起作用,同时阿拉伯胶的分支多糖级分可在脂肪小滴周围提供一种空间位阻,从而降低或减缓了氧化剂或促氧化剂例如金属阳离子接近脂肪小滴。就这样,降低了氧化作用,同时增加了液体奶精的稳定性和储存期。这对于液体奶精是非常有用的。
在阻止氧化方面最有效的阿拉伯胶具有高的阿拉伯半乳聚糖-蛋白含量,必需将其在阿拉伯胶中的浓度标准化以获得可重复的结果。可商业获得的阿拉伯胶的实例包括TICA-2010粉、TICPRE-阿拉伯胶喷雾干燥FCC粉和TIC阿拉伯胶FT PRE-粉末。有利地,仅需少量阿拉伯胶与类胡萝卜素组分的组合来阻止液体奶精的光和温度诱导的氧化。这可能是由于类胡萝卜素和阿拉伯胶之间的协同作用导致的。
在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的液体奶精组合物包含含量为最终组合物的约0.1%至约1.5%重量百分比的阿拉伯胶,所述最终组合物通常包含约8%的油。因为阿拉伯胶在味道上是中性的,其不会为液体奶精带来任何不佳的味道,在这些低浓度下,其也不会影响液体奶精的粘度。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的液体奶精组合物同时包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素组分如β-胡萝卜素或天然类胡萝卜素的混合物。在这些组合物中,阿拉伯胶可以存在于油/水界面上但是位于乳化剂层的外面,而类胡萝卜素组分被溶解到油相中。
本发明的液体奶精还可包含一种抗氧剂系统,该抗氧剂系统仅包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素系统,或者还同时包含其它抗氧剂。在本发明的一个实施方案中,液体奶精组合物包含阿拉伯胶-抗氧剂系统,所述抗氧剂系统包含0.5-30ppm 5-30ppm的β-胡萝卜素和20-110ppm的α生育酚。已经发现该系统完全抑制了所有光诱导的氧化。然而,在高β-胡萝卜素水平下,该奶精的颜色将不能被一些消费者接受。使用生育酚来帮助提供抗氧化性是完全出乎意料的,因为已经发现单独使用生育酚时并不能提供抗氧化性。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,液体奶精组合物包含阿拉伯胶-抗氧剂系统,所述抗氧剂系统包含约0.5-30ppm 5ppm的β-胡萝卜素和约1-2ppm的作为螯合剂的食品级EDTA,其也抑制了氧化。
令人吃惊地是,无论包不包含EDTA,包含即使是低浓度、即0.5ppm和3.0ppm β-胡萝卜素的液体奶精发生光诱导的氧化的倾向也显著降低。由于β-胡萝卜素的含量降低,这种液体奶精仅有淡淡的黄色和不受存在的这种少量β-胡萝卜素影响的理想味道,其可通过在30℃下长期恒定暴露于1075Lux荧光灯下后的感官分析来得到证实。
加入螯合剂如EDTA用来阻止过渡金属如铁和铜的促氧化作用,并且根据液体奶精原始成分的质量和来源,有可能不需要加入。虽然在配方中不存在过渡金属,但是已经发现US加工的液体奶精包含出乎意料高含量的过渡金属,其使得必需加入螯合剂(螯合剂混合物),非限制性地包括EDTA、EDTA的钠或钾盐、柠檬酸、氨基酸、氨基酸的钠或钾盐、六偏磷酸钠或钾、三-、四-和其它多聚磷酸钠或钾、柠檬酸钠或钾、酒石酸钠或钾、或它们的组合。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的液体奶精包含含有阿拉伯胶、含量为约5ppm的β-胡萝卜素、含量为约2ppm的EDTA的混合物的抗氧剂系统,其在30℃下,在1075Lux荧光灯下,可在高至3个月的时间内抑制液体奶精中光诱导的氧化。
除上述抗氧剂系统外,本发明的液体奶精组合物进一步包含:(i)相对含量足以提供一种稳定乳剂的包含至少两种不同的低分子量乳化剂的乳化组分;(ii)其量足以维持组合物的均匀性的包含两种不同纤维素化合物的掺合物的纤维素组分;(iii)存在量足以维持组合物的均匀性的卡拉胶组分;(iv)其量足以维持所需pH的缓冲系统;和(v)其量足以制备液体奶精的植物油和水。该液体奶精还可包含蛋白(蛋白混合物)、螯合剂(螯合剂混合物)、矫味剂(矫味剂混合物)、甜味剂(甜味剂混合物)、着色剂(着色剂混合物)和其量足以为该奶精被加入到其中的水性介质提供另外的增白作用的调白剂。
在另一个实施方案中,该液体奶精是一种低蛋白的液体奶精或无蛋白的液体奶精。
为了获得良好的乳剂稳定性,液体奶精组合物的乳化剂组分包含重量比为约5:1至约1:20,优选约3:1至约1:7,并且更优选约1.5:1至约2:4的至少一种低HLB乳化剂和至少一种中等HLB乳化剂的组合,并且低HLB和中等HLB乳化剂的总量为总组合物的约0.05至0.8%重量。
在乳化剂中,亲水性和亲油性是不同的,二者之间的平衡被称为HLB值。HLB值是通过计算分子不同区域的亲水或亲脂值来测定的。关于HLB值有许多参考文献。实例有Griffin WC:“用‘HLB’进行的表面活性剂分类(Classification of Surface-Active Agents by′HLB′)”,Journal of the Societyof Cosmetic Chemists 1(1949):311,或Griffin WC:“非离子表面活性剂的HLB值计算(Calculation of HLB Values of Non-Ionic Surfactants)”,Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 5(1954):259。
乳化剂的HLB值的范围一般为0至20。一般来说,低HLB乳化剂的HLB值为1至4,而中等HLB乳化剂的HLB值为5至10。
所用的乳化剂并不限于单一酰基或脂肪酸组分的那些乳化剂,如具有特定碳链长度或不饱和度的那些乳化剂。在优选的实施方案中,该乳化剂是甘油单酯和甘油单酯的酸式酯。特别优选的实施方案包括甘油单酯和甘油单酯的酸式酯的组合。在一些实施方案中,具有低HLB值的低分子量乳化剂选自单独或联用的甘油单酯、甘油二酯、乙酰化的甘油单酯、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯、甘油二油酸酯、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯、甘油单油酸酯和单硬脂酸酯,而具有中等HLB值的低分子量乳化剂选自单独或联用的脱水山梨醇单油酸酯、丙二醇单月桂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙、甘油脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、大豆卵磷脂和甘油单酯的二乙酰化酒石酸酯。
在一个优选的实施方案中,液体奶精组合物包含微晶纤维素(MCC)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)混合物形式的纤维素组分和卡拉胶组分。该纤维素和胶组分的存在量足以将组合物维持在一种同质状态,从而不会发生相分离、沉降、乳油化、羽化、胶凝或粘度改变。因此,该纤维素和胶组分贡献了一种水胶体稳定系统,该系统帮助维持奶精组合物本身以及当奶精被加入到液体介质中时的稳定性。
根据一个优选的本发明的实施方案,该MCC/CMC/卡拉胶稳定系统的存在量为总组合物的约0.05至1%,更优选0.2至0.7%,并且最优选0.3至0.5%重量,同时纤维素和卡拉胶组分以200:1至1:10的重量比存在。使用的总水胶体低于0.05%时,在液体奶精样品中导致乳油化、相分离和味道不佳,而总水胶体的水平高于1%时,导致样品严重脱水收缩和胶凝。脱水收缩是水合系统(通常是水胶体)的收缩,导致其液体组分部分渗出,即在液体产品的顶端或底部出现水层。胶凝是形成凝胶的过程。凝胶被定义为十分稀的交联系统,当位于稳态时,其不表现出流动性。按重量计算,凝胶大部分是液体,然而,由于液体中的三维交联网,其行为像固体。液体中的交联提供了凝胶的结构(硬度)并且贡献了粘度。可在液体奶精中观察到的相分离是乳油化、脱水收缩、大理石样斑纹和其它分层和/或胶凝。在储存期间,尤其是在高温下储存时,可以容易地用眼睛观察到这些不希望的作用,例如,对于相分离而言可以观察到不同的颜色层,或者对于胶凝而言可以观察到粘度显著增加。
液体奶精组合物的纤维素组分的存在量可以为该组合物的约0.01至1%,优选约0.2至0.6%,并且最优选约0.3至0.5%重量。MCC与CMC的比例优选为约8:1至12:1,并且最优选为约9:1至10:1。
卡拉胶组分的存在量优选为该组合物的约0.005至0.1%重量,并且可以是κ卡拉胶、ι卡拉胶和任选的λ卡拉胶、或其组合。根据本发明的一个实施方案,该卡拉胶是重量比为约6:1至约1:10的κ/ι卡拉胶混合物。可任选地加入λ卡拉胶以维持所需的产品粘度。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的液体奶精进一步包含选自生育酚、亚硫酸盐、维生素A及其前体的另外的抗氧剂。
本发明的液体奶精还可包含一种或多种pH缓冲剂以达到优选地为约6至8并且更优选地为约6.5至7.5的pH范围。适宜缓冲剂的非限制性实例有盐类如磷酸钾、磷酸氢二钾、磷酸二氢钾、碳酸氢钠、柠檬酸钠、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钠和三聚磷酸钠。缓冲剂的存在量可以为该组合物总重量的约0.05至约2.1%。
液体奶精组合物可任选地包含甜味剂,非限制性地包括蔗糖、果糖、麦芽糖糊精、高果糖玉米糖浆、其它天然甜味剂、人工甜味剂、或它们的组合。甜味剂的存在浓度可以为总组合物的约0.1至50%,并且优选约5至30%重量。
液体奶精还可包含额外的着色剂和/或矫味剂。任选地,液体奶精组合物的增白剂是二氧化钛,其存在量可以为该组合物重量的约0.1至约1%。二氧化钛可具有0.1至0.7微米的粒度范围,一个优选的实施方案具有约0.4微米的粒度。
液体奶精组合物还包含约0.1至33重量%的植物油。该植物油可单独或联合包括部分或完全氢化的油。适宜的植物油非限制性地包括豆油、椰子油、棕榈油、棉籽油、芥花油、橄榄油、葵花籽油和红花油。
液体奶精组合物可进一步包含至少一种选自苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸钾、山梨酸、山梨酸钠、山梨酸钾、亚硫酸盐及其组合的食品级防腐剂。
本发明的一些实施方案还包括一种饮料,其包含水性液体、成饮料组分和其量足以为该饮料提供成乳状液作用的本发明的液体奶精组合物。该成饮料组分可以是咖啡、茶、巧克力或果汁饮料。该成饮料组分还可以是粉末或晶体物质,通常具有几分矫味剂的性质,如可可、麦芽或水果矫味剂晶体。本发明还可延伸至奶精作为可直接食用或与其它食物如谷类食品一起食用的乳制品替代品或用于烹饪的用途。
本发明进一步提供了一种制备本发明的液体奶精的方法,其包括提供粉末或液体形式的乳化组分、纤维素组分、卡拉胶组分、抗氧剂组分或其组合;粉末或液体形式的缓冲剂(缓冲剂混合物)、或它们的组合,以及在搅拌的情况下将所述组分溶解于水中。在这一步中也可以包括液体或粉末形式的任选组分如螯合剂(螯合剂混合物)、矫味剂(矫味剂混合物)、着色剂(着色剂混合物)(包括增白剂如二氧化钛)和甜味剂(甜味剂混合物)。接下来,向热水中加入植物油以制备所有组分的混合物。然后,使该混合物经历UHT热处理,匀化,冷却,和在无菌条件下将其填充到容器中。匀化可以在热处理之前和/或之后进行。
本发明的优点众多。具体地讲,已经发现和证明,光诱导的氧化是耐储存液体奶精在储存期间降解的主要原因,而与温度相关的降解非常有限。基于这一发现,用包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素(类胡萝卜素混合物)的抗氧剂系统来缓和及显著降低液体奶精中光和/或温度诱导的氧化,从而传递高质量的耐储存液体奶精。该抗氧剂系统也可包含螯合剂(螯合剂混合物)和/或生育酚(生育酚混合物)。
实施例
通过参考下面的说明性非限制性实施例来使本发明更明确。
实施例1
将10gκ-卡拉胶、20gι-卡拉胶、500g蔗糖和250g阿拉伯胶与100g 10:1 MCC/CMC混合物混到一起。在高速搅拌下,将该干混合物加入到80kg约75℃的热水(65-85℃)中。此外,在连续搅拌下,将200g磷酸氢二钠和200g磷酸氢二钾加入到桶中。
将300g二氧化钛、50g酪蛋白酸钠和20g矫味剂混合到一起。在搅拌下,将该干混合物加入到具有上述稳定剂的热水的桶中。在混合约10分钟后,在连续搅拌下加入100g和280g在高速搅拌下加入5kg油,然后加入0.5g(5ppm)β-胡萝卜素,然后加入4.5kg蔗糖。最后,在连续搅拌下,再加入一些水以使其总重为100kg。然后,使该液体在143℃下进行5秒UHT处理,在180/40巴下匀化,冷却,将该咖啡调白剂无菌填充到罐、壶或小袋中。
将该产品在1075Lux荧光灯下在30℃下储存3个月。与未加入阿拉伯胶和未加入β-胡萝卜素的对照相比,该液体奶精中光和温度诱导的氧化显著降低。在储存期间未发现该奶精的物理稳定性的变化。此外,将该奶精加入到热咖啡中时,在被调白的咖啡中没有造成乳剂去稳定化、羽化、絮凝、脱油或沉降。
实施例2
如实施例1那样制备咖啡奶精,但使用0.1ppmβ-胡萝卜素。
将该产品在1075Lux荧光灯下在30℃下储存3个月。在储存期间未发现该奶精的物理稳定性的变化,然而,与不含阿拉伯胶和β-胡萝卜素的对照相比,发现在阻止产品氧化方面实际上没有改善。
实施例3
如实施例1那样制备咖啡奶精,但使用35ppmβ-胡萝卜素。
由于该奶精的颜色显著变化,发现该产品在感官上不可接受。
实施例4
如实施例1那样制备咖啡奶精,但使用1.6%阿拉伯胶。
由于产品粘度显著增加,发现该奶精不可接受。
实施例5
如实施例1那样制备咖啡奶精,但使用0.05%阿拉伯胶。
将该产品在1075Lux荧光灯下在30℃下储存3个月。在储存期间未发现该奶精的物理稳定性的变化,然而,与不含阿拉伯胶和β-胡萝卜素的对照相比,发现在奶精氧化稳定性方面实际上没有改善。
实施例6
如实施例1那样制备咖啡奶精,但加入2ppm EDTA和20ppm生育酚。
将该产品在1075Lux荧光灯下在30℃下储存3个月。在储存后,发现该奶精物理性质稳定,温度和光诱导的氧化被完全抑制,产生了良好的奶精感官品质。
本说明书中阐明和讨论的实施方案和实施例仅仅是用来教导本领域技术人员知道发明人所知道的制备和使用本发明的最佳方式。可以在不背离本发明的情况下对本发明的上述实施方案进行修改或变化,本领域技术人员根据上面的教导可容易地意识到这些修改或变化。因此,本领域技术人员可容易地由本文所述的公开内容或者可由其通过常规实验获得的所有有用的变形都被认为是落入所附权利要求书所定义的本发明的主旨和范围内。
Claims (18)
1.一种液体奶精组合物,其包含:
乳化组分,其包括至少一种低HLB乳化剂和至少一种中等HLB乳化剂的组合,其中低HLB乳化剂:中等HLB乳化剂的重量比为约5:1至约1:20,并且低HLB和中等HLB乳化剂的总量为总组合物的约0.05至0.8%重量;
纤维素组分,其包括微晶纤维素(MCC)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的混合物,其总量占组合物的约0.01至约1%重量,并且MCC和CMC以约8:1至12:1的重量比存在;和
卡拉胶组分,其存在量为组合物的约0.005至约0.1%重量;
缓冲系统,其量足以将pH维持在6至8;
其量足以制备液体奶精的油和水;和
抗氧剂系统,其包含占总组合物0.1%至1.5%重量的阿拉伯胶和含量约为0.5ppm至30ppm的类胡萝卜素组分。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述的类胡萝卜素组分包含β-胡萝卜素。
3.权利要求1或2的组合物,其进一步包含一种或多种选自生育酚、亚硫酸盐、维生素A及其前体的另外的抗氧剂。
4.权利要求1至3中任意一项的组合物,其中所述的低HLB乳化剂是甘油单酯、甘油二酯、乙酰化的甘油单酯、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯、甘油二油酸酯、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯、甘油单油酸酯和单硬脂酸酯、或它们的组合,并且其中所述的中等HLB乳化剂是脱水山梨醇单油酸酯、丙二醇单月桂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙、甘油脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、大豆卵磷脂、甘油单酯的二乙酰化酒石酸酯、或它们的组合。
5.权利要求1至4中任意一项的组合物,其中所述的卡拉胶组分是κ卡拉胶、ι卡拉胶和任选的λ卡拉胶或其组合。
6.权利要求1至5中任意一项的组合物,其中所述的卡拉胶组分是重量比为约6:1至约1:10的κ卡拉胶和ι卡拉胶的组合。
7.权利要求1至6中任意一项的组合物,其进一步任选地包含调白剂,其中所述调白剂是粒度为约0.1至约0.7微米的二氧化钛并且其含量为该组合物的约0.1%至约1%重量。
8.权利要求1至7中任意一项的组合物,其进一步任选地包含选自下列的螯合剂:EDTA、EDTA的钠或钾盐、柠檬酸、氨基酸、氨基酸的钠或钾盐、六偏磷酸钠或钾、三-、四-和其它多聚磷酸钠或钾、柠檬酸钠或钾、酒石酸钠或钾、或它们的组合。
9.权利要求1至8中任意一项的组合物,其进一步包含一种或多种pH缓冲剂,其含量为该组合物的0.05至2.1%重量。
10.权利要求1至9中任意一项的组合物,其进一步任选地包含甜味剂,其含量为该组合物的约0.1至约50%重量。
11.权利要求1至10中任意一项的组合物,其进一步包含其含量为该组合物的约0.1至约33%重量的植物油。
12.权利要求1至11中任意一项的组合物,其进一步包含螯合剂(螯合剂混合物)、矫味剂(矫味剂混合物)、甜味剂(甜味剂混合物)和着色剂(着色剂混合物)中的一种或多种。
13.一种饮料,其包含水性液体、成饮料组分和其量足以为该饮料提供成乳状液作用的权利要求1的液体奶精。
14.权利要求13的饮料,其中所述的成饮料组分是咖啡、茶、巧克力或果汁饮料。
15.一种制备权利要求1的液体奶精组合物的方法,其包括提供粉末或液体形式的乳化组分、纤维素组分、卡拉胶组分、抗氧剂组分、缓冲剂或它们的组合;以及在搅拌下将所述组分分散于水中。
16.权利要求15的方法,其进一步包括加入螯合剂(螯合剂混合物)、矫味剂(矫味剂混合物)、甜味剂(甜味剂混合物)和包括增白剂在内的着色剂(着色剂混合物)中的一种或多种。
17.权利要求15或16的方法,其进一步包括向水中加入植物油从而制得所有组分的混合物,然后将该混合物进行热处理、匀化、冷却并在无菌条件下填充到容器中。
18.包含阿拉伯胶和类胡萝卜素组分的抗氧剂系统用于提供对光和温度诱导的氧化具有改善的抵抗性的液体奶精的用途。
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CN105324034A (zh) * | 2013-07-02 | 2016-02-10 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | 奶精组合物及其用途 |
CN110996670A (zh) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-04-10 | 雀巢产品有限公司 | 具有超高油酸油的奶精组合物 |
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MX2013006064A (es) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-07-03 | Nestec Sa | Sustituyidos de crema liquidos y metodos para su elaboracion. |
WO2013092693A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Nestec S.A. | Liquid creamers and methods of making same |
US20180153185A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-06-07 | Fmc Corporation | Sweetened condensed creamer |
AU2017238318A1 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-08-02 | Nestec S.A. | Nut based liquid creamers and method of making thereof |
CA3014578A1 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | Nestec S.A. | Liquid plant-based creamers with natural hydrocolloids |
MX2019013529A (es) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-02-13 | Nestle Sa | Sustitutos de crema con una mejor textura/sensacion bucal y metodo para fabricarlos. |
US11452299B2 (en) | 2018-07-16 | 2022-09-27 | Whitewave Services, Inc. | Plant based allergen-free coffee creamer or whitener composition |
WO2024083890A1 (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-25 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | Foaming ingredient |
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