CN102613141A - Artificial feeding method for chlorophorus diadema motschulsky - Google Patents
Artificial feeding method for chlorophorus diadema motschulsky Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial feeding method for chlorophorus diadema motschulsky. The artificial feeding method includes (1) obtaining virginal adults and eggs; (2) managing hatching of the eggs indoors; (3) feeding artificially indoors; and the like. A test result shows that the artificial feeding method for the chlorophorus diadema motschulsky has the advantages that egg laying amount, pupation rate and eclosion rate are remarkably increased; developmental duration can be shortened by about four times; the weights and the lengths of larva and adults are increased, and survival rate is high; a large quantity of chlorophorus diadema motschulsky with uniform development and consistent physiology can be obtained continuously without being limited by seasons; and the like.
Description
The present invention carries out under the subsidy of state natural sciences fund (fund :30570344), Tianjin natural science fund (fund :09JCYBJC14500), the doctor of Tianjin Normal University fund (fund :52XB1003).
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant protection technology field, relate to control and the research of the green brave longicorn of trunk borer Chinese scholartree, the rearing method of the green brave longicorn of a kind of Chinese scholartree of more specifically saying so.
Background technology
The green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree ( < > Chlorophorus diadema <> ) be the peculiar endangered plants four of China close wood ( < > Tetreana mongolica <> Maxim.) one of main trunk borer.Endangered plants four close wood ( < > Tetreana mongolica <> Maxim.) be machaka.It is the distinctive autogenus plant of China's west Erdos desert; It also is one of the characteristic platymiscium at Mongolian plat, middle part, Asia; Be considered to the deleted species of the bank torrid zone, south, Tethys composition, classified as Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant and priority protection plant.Four close wood concentrates in the narrow and small zone that is distributed in Inner Mongol Zhuo Zishan area, and this area also is called as " sanctuary " of ancient relict plant.Set up western Erdos Nature Reserve in 1998; Classified as first kind place with the important protection of international meaning desert ecosystem place.According to our research in the past few years, the development duration of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree is long, accomplishes a generation in 2 years in western Erdos area, strode 3 years; About 6-7 of ovum phase days, about 670 days of larval phase, 10-18 days pupa time, about 30 days of adult life-span.Larva has experienced 22 months and has survived the winter for 2 times, and larva is got the food phase and reaches about 14 months in trunk; From generation to generation irregular, all there is every year adult to occur; Difficulty of prevention and cure is big, and it is very serious to close the harm that wood causes to four.The research of our Nature Reserve in western Erdos shows that in 5 locations of investigation, wherein the hazard ratio in 4 locations is respectively 95.35%, 80.60%, 78.51% and 40.74%; At the minimum hazard ratio of the lightest section of being injured is 6%, and average hazard ratio reaches 60.24%.Caused large quantities of four to close wood death, this will become endangered plants four and close the wood main threat of extinction in the recent period.Its extent of injury is greater than red-edge longicorn.
The green brave longicorn (Chlorophorus diadema (Motschulsky of the green brave longicorn Chinese scholartree of Chinese scholartree)) be subordinate to Insecta, coleoptera, Cerambycidae, longicorn subfamily, brave longicorn family, green tiger day Bos insect.Be a kind of important brill moth insect, the host comprises the seeds of higher ecology of multiple tool such as birch, willow, cherry, jujube tree and economic worth.Right natural disposition predicts the outcome and thinks that this worm has territory, normal region widely in China.The host who has reported has four to close wood, poplar, locust tree, Chinese scholartree, cherry, birch, jujube, willow, Asia cherry, pomegranate, grape, hawthorn, paulownia, caragana microphylla caragana, caragana microphylla etc., and the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree also eats into erosion building beam, rafter and furniture in addition.Mainly be distributed in ground such as Heilungkiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongol, Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hubei, Shaanxi, Henan, Beijing, Anhui, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Siberia, Mongolia.In recent years; Raising along with the greening level; The trees kind of afforestation is tending towards optimizing; Especially Chinese white poplar and black poplar send the clone quantity of planting to increase severely, but because the trees clone is too single, hereditary basis is narrow; There are a lot of hidden danger; The generation harm straight line of trunk borer such as the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree etc. rises, and gives to beautify with production of forestry and brings great loss, and the control longicorn is imperative.
We have found in nature reserve, western Erdos that at first green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree and red-edge longicorn close the harm of wood to endangered plants four; And the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree carried out reaching the research in 6 years, comprise aspects such as morphology, biology, behaviouristics, harm and control, chemiecology." two kinds of longicorns are closed wood to endangered plants four harm ", " Chinese scholartree green brave longicorn to the EAG reaction of different lures and the trap effect of lure ", " Chemical Communicationin have been delivered < > Chlorophorus diadema <> Paper such as (Motschulsky) ".And its morphology and biology furtherd investigate.
Because under nature, the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree life cycle is long, closes the wood area completion generation that distributes four and will experience the time of collapsing in 2 years 3 years.In addition, adult eclosion is extremely irregular, and the adult stage is short, movable hidden, and the larva moth is done growth.These characteristics have brought very big difficulty for control and the research of brave longicorn.Artificial feed not only can continue to obtain a large amount of grow neat, the insect that physiology is consistent, and can solve seasonal host's culturing feed problem of shortage, as can not utilizing owing to most of natural foodstuffs winter, and manual work is raised just can make to study and is continued.Realize that the green brave longicorn artificial feed subculture of Chinese scholartree raises, the researchs such as biological control, physiological ecological that can be the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree provide research material for a long time, are the important foundations of the study on prevention of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree.
Summary of the invention
The rearing method of the green brave longicorn of a kind of Chinese scholartree is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) acquisition of virgin adult and ovum:
A, initial obtains the branch that mature larva adopts former host with the field and raises until pupating;
B, raising are chosen diameter 0.5-0.8cm with branch, cut and grow into 20-25 cm juggle; At juggle one end 3-5cm that rive, cut off half of the juggle of riving, with the paper slip of 5cm with remaining half be rolled into tubbiness, keep the space that the wood chip that removes stays in the paper, brave roundheaded borer head is inwardly put into the space, seal with adhesive tape again;
C, to have inoculation the branch of brave roundheaded borer to put into temperature be that 0-32 ℃, humidity are that the climatic cabinate of 55-60% is treated it and pupated; Following feeding environment is all identical;
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time, waits for its emergence.
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings, using absorbent cotton to dip in to get percetage by weight is that 10% D/W is fed, and treats its mating.
F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straightening the footpath is fresh former host's branch of the cleave in two of 5-8cm for 1-2 cm, length, treats it to lay eggs;
(2) hatching management of ovum
A, there is the branch of ovum after 48 hours, to use water infiltration product,,, utilizes aseptic water washing again 2 times, put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, on ovum, add lid layer filter paper with 75% alcohol disinfecting 20s with the careful picking of ovum; 0-32 ℃, humidity are in the climatic cabinate of 55-60%;
On filter paper, spray B, every day 2 sterile waters and carry out moisteningly, ovum is preserved moisture, observe the hatching of ovum;
C, collection connect worm and to artificial feed, raise with a batch hatching larva;
(3) indoors artificial is raised
The raising of A, newly hatched larvae:, get with a batch hatching larva and in foster worm plate, raised 2-3 days support adding 3g artificial feed in the worm plate through 12 holes of 75% alcohol disinfecting;
The later stage of B, larva raises to be transferred in the test tube and raises: with the test tube that artificial feed are housed, under aseptic condition, on feed, prick 1 aperture with glass bar, select then and support 1 healthy and strong larva of no microbiological contamination in the worm plate, test tube seals with absorbent cotton; Be placed on temperature and be 30 ℃, humidity and be in 55% the climatic cabinate, changed fresh feed, and write down larval growth situation and survival rate simultaneously in per 1 month;
C, treat to take out behind the larvae pupation;
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time, waits for its emergence;
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings, using absorbent cotton to dip in to get percetage by weight is that 10% D/W is fed, and treats its mating;
F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straighten the footpath for 1-2 cm, length be 5-8cm fresh former host's branch of cleave in two, treat it and lay eggs.
The green brave longicorn rearing method of Chinese scholartree of the present invention, wherein the described former host's branch of step (1) refers to four and closes wood, poplar, locust tree, Chinese scholartree, cherry, birch, jujube, willow, Asia cherry, pomegranate, grape, hawthorn, paulownia, caragana microphylla caragana or caragana microphylla etc.
The rearing method of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree disclosed by the invention, more detailed step is following:
(1) acquisition of virgin adult and ovum
A, initial obtains mature larva with the field and has adopted its former host's (closing wood, poplar, locust tree, Chinese scholartree, cherry, birch, jujube, willow, Asia cherry, pomegranate, grape, hawthorn, paulownia, caragana microphylla caragana, caragana microphylla etc. as four) branch to raise until pupating.
B, raising are chosen about diameter 0.5 cm with branch, cut and grow into 20 cm juggles; At juggle one end 3 cm that rive, cut off half of the juggle of riving, with the paper slip about 5cm with remaining half be rolled into tubbiness, keep the space that the wood chip that removes stays in the paper, brave roundheaded borer head is inwardly put into the space, seal with adhesive tape again.
C, inoculation have that the branch of brave roundheaded borer puts into that temperature is about 30 ℃, humidity is that about 55% climatic cabinate is treated it and pupated.Following feeding environment is all identical.
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time.Wait for its emergence.
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings dips in absorbent cotton and to get 10% D/W and feed, and treats its mating.
F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straighten the footpath and be about 1 cm, length is fresh host's branch of the cleave in two about 5 cm, treat it and lay eggs.
(2) hatching management of ovum
A, there is the branch of ovum after 48 hours, to use water infiltration product, with the careful picking of ovum,, utilizes aseptic water washing again 2 times, put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, on ovum, add lid layer filter paper with 75% alcohol disinfecting 20s with writing brush and tweezers.Put into temperature and be about 30 ℃, humidity is about 55% climatic cabinate.
On filter paper, spray B, every day 2 sterile waters and carry out moisteningly, ovum is preserved moisture.Observe the hatching of ovum.
C, collection connect worm and to artificial feed, raise with a batch hatching larva.
(3) indoors artificial is raised
The raising of A, newly hatched larvae:, get with a batch hatching larva and in foster worm plate, raised 2-3 days support adding 3g artificial feed in the worm plate through 12 holes of 75% alcohol disinfecting.
The later stage of B, larva raises to be transferred in the test tube and raises: with the test tube that artificial feed are housed, under aseptic condition, on feed, prick 1 aperture with glass bar, select then and support 1 healthy and strong larva of no microbiological contamination in the worm plate, test tube seals with absorbent cotton.Be placed on temperature and be 30 ℃, humidity and be in 55% the climatic cabinate, changed fresh feed, and write down larval growth situation and survival rate simultaneously in per 1 month.
C, treat to take out behind the larvae pupation.
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time.Wait for its emergence.
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings dips in absorbent cotton and to get 10% D/W and feed, and treats its mating.
F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straighten the footpath and be about 1 cm, length is fresh host's branch of the cleave in two about 5 cm, treat it and lay eggs.
The main result of study of the green brave longicorn of the relevant Chinese scholartree of the present invention is following:
The morphological feature of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree
(1) ovum: the green brave longicorn ovum of Chinese scholartree is long oval, milky, long average 1.45mm, wide average 0.65mm.Ovum originates in the skin seam or wound of branch, and appearance is invisible.
(2) larva: the long 1.24mm of newly hatched larvae average body, mature larva body length can reach about 20mm.Larva is stripped out the not S-type bending of back polypide from gallery, body milky or faint yellow, larva body cylindrical shape, gradually narrow backward, wide again to the 7th, eight joints.Head is closely square, the wide length that is slightly better than, and the middle part is wide slightly later on, and lateral margin is curved, and the rear end is straight, and central authorities are recessed slightly; Middle front sepia, it is thin that front is not remarkable and obvious, and mouthpart frame brownish black district is thinner; Clypeus is flat narrow, by the back clypeus is hidden, only exposes 2 slats, and the upper lip light color is very little, subcircular, close growth bristle, maxilla tubbiness, whole black, otch scalpriform; Lower jaw palpiger outer rim is more straight, and dorsal part is prominent not obvious, the long bristle of tool, and angle, maxillar palpus first segment outer end dorsal part is prominent also not obvious, and the 3rd joint is tall and thin toward shape, and several isometric with second joint, the maxillary lobe outer rim is straight, nearly rectangle, the short bristle of end tool; Labium-hypopharynx is very little, and is high not as good as the labipalp first segment, and second joint is short and small.About 5 of the vertical oncus of hypostome leading edge tool dentation, basilaire is wide, and tool l is to kick.Simple eye l is right, boss.Feeler stretches out, and is elongated, and second joint long is wide 2 times, and top tapered master's sensor is very little, and the 3rd joint is elongated, and length surpasses conoid process more than 3 times, 2 fine, soft furs of top tool.The pronotary look light, flat figure, and leading edge is smooth, and lateral margin has thin undercoat, and front end cross band look light, and dorsal line directly passes through the back zone, and ossified plate is " mountain " shape protuberance between lateral sulcus, and look light, and there is thin vertical rag at the rear, and both sides, the place ahead have minority to broach a little; Presternum is vaulted in the antesternum, and there is the wide shallow groove of l bar in central authorities, and there is shallow netted rag the both sides.The thumping of belly back of the body step bubble rises, and surface light refers to that no knurl is prominent, tool 1 thin shallow traverse furrow and both sides 2 valleys respectively only, and middle ditch scrobicula, the Zhong Gou rear has 1 oblique elliptic bulge, and there is the virgule rag on the surface; The belly valve is little, yellowish-brown.Pereiopoda is elongated, and isometric approximately with feeler, look light.Anus 3 splits.Can select be fit to the place before mature larva is pupated as the pupa chamber, sting out emergence with gallery after with the gallery of front and back, worm excrement shutoff pupa chamber, and become prepupa in the indoor generation deformation of pupa.The prepupa situation is similar with red-edge longicorn, and form is different with larva, and health shortens, and head is outstanding, hangs and contract in the shirtfront, abdominal distention, and it is flat-sided that build becomes the left and right sides from dorsoventrally compressed, and the action mode is changed into like swing belly as the pupa and is moved.
(3) pupa: the long 12.6mm of pupa average body, exerate pupa, faint yellow; Dredge to give birth to bristle, visible 8 joints in the belly back side, the feeler side that clings to the body; In the traveling downwards of foot back, it is terminal that length is no more than the mesopodium leg section, generally terminates in promerous backboard trailing edge; The the 2nd to 7 uromere backboard postmedian has spinule; Arrange in a row at trailing edge, the longest with the 7th uromere backboard spinule, be to divide right and left in the boundary with the dorsal line; Basically symmetrical respectively, but left and right sides spinule number Chang Butong.The green brave longicorn both sexes pupa profile of Chinese scholartree is obviously difference not, and feeler is isometric basically, and difference is little except that abdomen end.Female pupa abdomen end taper, the oopod of the visible outside of belly of naked eyes is terminal, and very little, finding is 2 tangible hemispherical projections under the mirror; Male abdomen end is taper also, and the obvious structure that is invisible to the naked eye has 1 very little convexity in the middle of the only visible outside of belly under the mirror.
(4) adult:
1) gross morphology and male and female difference:
Become the long 6.4-12mm of polypide, the wide 1.9-3.8mm of body.The body sepia, the head and the outside of belly are had lark fine hair.Feeler base knurl inboard is cornu, and the crown does not have hair, the deep punctum that distributes, and feeler extends to elytrum central authorities approximately, and feeler the 3rd joint is short slightly than scapus.Pronotary length is slightly larger than wide, slightly is sphere, and the graininess punctum gathers.Leading edge and base portion have lark fine hair, and fine hair distributes morely sometimes, makes territory, the no hair-fields of central authorities form 1 brown horizontal stripe, or front end and base portion fine hair is extended to central authorities and meets, and make the horizontal stripe Region Segmentation become interrupted spot.The escutcheon rear end is circular, is stamped yellow fine hair.Elytrum has a small amount of yellow fine hair at base portion; Two on yellow fine hair spot is arranged before and after the shoulder; Prolong by escutcheon that streak, its outer end that inner edge is 1 outside curving are several to join with shoulder the 2nd spot; Central authorities have 1 horizontal stripe, terminal and willow tiger longicorn fairly similar after a while, and it is significantly distinguished to not having elongated fine hair in territory in this kind pronotary.
As shown in table 1, the female average body of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree is long is a bit larger tham malely with average body is wide, does not have significant difference, and same sex interindividual variation is very big, can surpass 1.8 times of minimum individuality with the maximum individuality of sex adult.The long ratio of the feeler body of male insect is greater than female insect, but difference is not remarkable equally, can not be with this as the foundation of differentiating the adult sex.Both sexes adult abdomen end all compares taper, can not be used to differentiate the adult sex in appearance.The green brave longicorn adult of Chinese scholartree does not have the male and female dichotocarpism.
The green brave longicorn adult data of table 1 Chinese scholartree
2) color spot variation
The piebald of the green brave longicorn adult of Chinese scholartree is made up of lark fine hair, is the horizontal spot of shoulder, shoulder the 2nd spot, outer tiltedly spot, the horizontal spot in rear portion and terminal patch, and the number of fine hair causes the difference of piebald proterties and size.Find in the experiment; There are greatly variation in green brave longicorn adult chaeta coverage rate of Chinese scholartree and hair color; Zone between most of individual color spot does not have the hair-fields for black; The individual no hair-fields of few part is abound with pale brown look fine hair; Whole polypide is pale brown look; Variation appears in the individual hair color of only a few, and whole body covers canescence fine hair, and color spot is several can not be recognized.Pronotary leading edge and base portion villous distribute, and middle body is no hair-fields, and fine hair is more sometimes, overflow to the centre and contract, and make the no hair-fields of central authorities be compressed into the narrow slit shape or be divided into 3, even only residual 3 points.The horizontal spot of elytrum shoulder runs through the sheath protoloma, and is very narrow; Shoulder the 2nd spot sends from takeing on 1/3 place, the horizontal spot outside, and oblique back traveling terminates in about 1/3 place of elytrum outer rim, and joins with the elytrum outer rim; Outer slanted bar spot sends from elytrum leading portion inner edge, joins with the horizontal spot of shoulder, and is descending along the sheath entoloma, the curving laterally at about 2/5 place of elytrum front end, and the outer end terminates in about 1/2 place of elytrum, or continues to extend with shoulder the 2nd spot and join; The horizontal spot in rear portion laterally runs through elytrum, and width is different because of individual fine hair number, and horizontal spot medial extremity is many to send a narrow line forward along the sheath entoloma, even can join in outer oblique spot inner edge; The terminal patch leading edge of elytrum is positioned at about 4/5 place of elytrum, and crescent, fine hair is more sometimes; Spot outer rim place in elytrum, wing end extends upward, and joins with the horizontal spot of wing, and fine hair is less sometimes; Leading edge is property linearly, and laterally or from the sheath entoloma foreign side is oblique backward, and the individual wing of minority end patch is very little.
3) development duration of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree
The green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree is red accomplished a generation in 2 years in western Erdos area, strode 3 years, and larva survives the winter for twice, and is from generation to generation irregular, all has every year adult to occur, and the adult time of occurrence is not concentrated, and is very big with time larva build gap, and the larva in the same year is not difficult for differentiating.See table 2 history of life.
The green brave longicorn table history of life of table 2 Chinese scholartree
Annotate the :+ adult; ● ovum; The – larva; (–) the larva that survives the winter; Zero pupa
The green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree late June begins to lay eggs, and 6-7 days ovum phase, the adult egg-laying period is very long, does not concentrate, and is maximum with July, to mid-August still visible adult lay eggs.
About 670 days of larval phase, generally can get the food chorion earlier after the newly hatched larvae hatching, the back is eaten into into branch from the skin seam of ovum.Low instar larvae can be earlier at bast all and get food between the xylem, go deep into xylem gradually along with polypide grows up, finally partly get food in the branch heartwood, stop action to mid-October, in gallery, survive the winter.Larva recovery mid-April in next year recovers to get food, to mid-October, in gallery, survives the winter for the second time.Recovery in mid-April, the 3rd continued is got food; Seek good place as the pupa chamber to aging back; Retread to sting out and use when an emergence is confessed the hole with gallery to the branch surface; Larva can sting the bark of emergence gallery mouth to only remaining outermost epidermis; The back is return the pupa chamber and is pupated with worm excrement shutoff emergence gallery.
In 10-18 days pupa time, the larvae pupation time began until to early August from late May, and very irregular, most of larva pupates between July 6.The pupal cell entire body is faint yellow at the beginning of pupating; To the 9th day pupa time, compound eye begins to become pale pink, and deepens gradually; To the 11st day pupa time, compound eye becomes redness, and the maxilla end is red, and leg section end and digitus end become light brown; To the 12nd day pupa time, compound eye becomes kermesinus, and the maxilla end becomes brown, and leg section end and digitus end are pale brown look slightly; To the 13rd day pupa time, the color of compound eye and maxilla was near black, and leg section end and digitus end are pale brown look, and the color of the backboard trailing edge of the 7th uromere is pale brown look; When pupa will be sprouted wings, abdomen eye and maxilla were black, and the leg section tibia joint of foot is pale brown look, the pale brown look of the 7th uromere back of the body web trailing edge.
The adult beginning is shown in mid-June, and in about 30 days of life-span, the adult eclosion time does not concentrate, and at the beginning of 8 months, still has pupa to find, 8 the middle ten days, still visible adult was movable, and most pupas were sprouted wings July.Health is soft behind the adult eclosion, tympanites, and body colour is faint yellow; Sprout wings after 1 day, feeler, head, foot and pronotary hair-fields pale red, no hair-fields bronzing, elytrum does not have the hair-fields and becomes dark brown, hair-fields pale pink near-white, tympanites, faint yellow, web trailing edge bronzing.To sprouting wings back 5-7 days, the adult complete hardening of writing on a wall, belly is bulging no longer, and pink colour disappears, and the body surface sclerosis is accomplished, and promptly breaks by the teeth to cover the bark of pupa chamber, the activity of portalling.Not observing the green brave longicorn adult of Chinese scholartree in the experiment has the habit of extra-nutrition, promptly seeks spouse, mate and oviposit after portalling.
(5) the harm characteristics of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree
The green brave roundheaded borer of Chinese scholartree has preference moth food branch heartwood part, does not release the habit of filling out behind worm excrement and the preceding moth of gallery.Wood chip that the moth food forms and worm excrement are filled up whole gallery by the larva compacting.It is oblate that the gallery cross section is, and width is about wide 1.5 times of larva body, generally is positioned at by moth branch center, basically along the branch longitudinal axis linearly, forms a cryptomere projection in the somewhere of gallery sometimes.The gallery that has only moth to go into low instar larvae soon is positioned at the xylem superficial part.Being closed wooden plant through a large amount of dissections by four of the green brave longicorn harm of Chinese scholartree finds; The same plant of ubiquity is by the phenomenon of several generations longicorn moth food; In various degree rotten variable color of worm excrement in the branch of early stage moth food and wood chip or mouldy; Still having the activity of new moth larva in the branch, is that the larva of different generations eats into food simultaneously together sometimes.The green brave roundheaded borer of Chinese scholartree closes to have in wooden burrow four and repeats to eat into the habit of eating the worm excrement that tamps; If being a branch, a kind of situation is fit to by the tree section of moth food by after the moth food one time; Moth diameter partly is not meticulous for residue; Do not reach larva and continue the requirement that moth is eaten; And larva is also accomplished growth, the worm excrement that the moth food formed before larva will eat in the carnivorism road repeatedly.Another kind of situation is the branch of having been eaten by the longicorn moth also can be eaten into food wood chip and worm excrement once more by the larva parasitism of the other green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree a phenomenon.The larva of moth carnivorism excrement and wood chip can be accomplished its growth as usual.Many between two parallel gallerys boundary is unclear with the separation of worm excrement, and seeing sometimes between two larvas that eat into food has remaining xylem.
After the green brave roundheaded borer of Chinese scholartree is eaten into epidermis, pass phloem, to root moth food, eat branch heartwood part along with polypide grows up generally can eat into then along the shallow-layer xylem.The phenomenon of larva moth food root knot and root is very general, and in thicker root knot, larva can be got the food xylem earlier, if xylem by the larval feeding of previous parasitism totally then can be got the carnivorism excrement.Mature larva wants oblique epidermis gnaw out an emergence passage before emergence, under the through epidermis, in the position in emergence hole from an outside visible light color circle spot; Retreat about 15mm then, and this part is temporarily tamped with worm excrement and wood chip, gnaw out a more roomy pupa chamber (emergence chamber) in the back of being tamped again, pupate at this soon, sprout wings behind the 10-15d.The new adult that sprouts wings will stop in emergence chamber 5-7 days, treated to remove after health hardens fully and crammed thing, came out in the emergence hole of breaking by the teeth.Closed the phenomenon that wooden branch has gum by four of the green brave longicorn harm of Chinese scholartree, this is that identification four is closed wood by one of key character of the green brave longicorn harm of Chinese scholartree.Generally at the branch or the place that has a superficial wound, thick branch gum is also many at the position of gum, and behind the rain or eugonic plant, gumming is vigorous.
The good effect of the green brave longicorn rearing method of Chinese scholartree disclosed by the invention is:
(1) egg laying amount, pupation rate and eclosion rate significantly improve; Development duration shortens about 4 times under the artificial feeding condition;
The body weight of larva and adult, the long significantly increase of body under the artificial feeding condition; Survival rate can reach about 70%.
(2) continue to obtain a large amount of the growth neatly, the consistent green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree of physiology is not subjected to seasonal restriction.
(3) realize the green brave longicorn artificial feed subculture raising of Chinese scholartree; It is the basis of a large amount of artificial propagations; The green brave longicorn of a large amount of breeding Chinese scholartrees can be research such as the biological control, physiological ecological of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree research material is provided for a long time, is the important foundation of the study on prevention of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree.
(4) a large amount of artificial feedings of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree also can be used as a day bovine parasitic enemy insect artificial propagation with breeding, also can be used for the research of aspects such as longicorn class pest pesticide screening test.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described; The scheme of embodiment described here; Do not limit the present invention; One of skill in the art can make improvements and change according to spirit of the present invention; Described these improvement and variation all should be considered as within the scope of the invention, and scope of the present invention and essence are limited claim.The used all ingredients of the present invention all has commercially available.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of artificial feed
Willow sawdust 200g, sucrose 20g, dusty yeast 2.5g, soybean meal 30 g, potassium sorbate 2 g, agar 15 g, water 400mL, ascorbic acid 0.5g, B B-complex B 0.5g.
Above-mentioned feed ingredient is put into the large beaker of 2 L respectively, add water 1000g, heating; Constantly stir; Be brewed into thickly, be respectively charged into bore 1.5cm, height is in the test tube of 15cm; About 3/4 place; Use the wooden stick compacting, put into drying baker and under 120 ℃ of conditions, dried 1 hour, be put in the autoclave then and sterilize; Feed after the sterilization is kept in the refrigerator, subsequent use.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of artificial feed
Thorn Chinese scholartree sawdust 200g, sucrose 20 g, dusty yeast 2.5g, soybean meal 30g, potassium sorbate 2g, agar 15 g, water 400mL, ascorbic acid 0.5g, B B-complex B 0.5g; Described tree sawdust is the willow sawdust.
Above-mentioned feed ingredient is put into the large beaker of 2L respectively, add water 1000 g, heating; Constantly stir; Be brewed into thickly, be respectively charged into bore 1.5cm, height is in the test tube of 15cm; About 3/4 place; Use the wooden stick compacting, put into drying baker and under 120 ℃ of conditions, dried 1 hour, be put in the autoclave then and sterilize; Feed after the sterilization is kept in the refrigerator, subsequent use.
Embodiment 3
The method of artificial feeding
(1) acquisition of virgin adult and ovum:
A, initial obtains the branch that mature larva adopts former host with the field and raises until pupating;
B, raising are chosen diameter 0.5cm with branch, cut and grow into the 20cm juggle; At juggle one end 3 cm that rive, cut off half of the juggle of riving, with the paper slip of 5cm with remaining half be rolled into tubbiness, keep the space that the wood chip that removes stays in the paper, brave roundheaded borer head is inwardly put into the space, seal with adhesive tape again;
C, to have inoculation the branch of brave roundheaded borer to put into temperature be that 30 ℃, humidity are that 55% climatic cabinate is treated it and pupated; Following feeding environment is all identical;
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time, waits for its emergence.
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings, using absorbent cotton to dip in to get percetage by weight is that 10% D/W is fed, and treats its mating.
F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straighten the fresh former host branch (locust tree, Chinese scholartree or cherry) of footpath, treat it to lay eggs for 1cm, long cleave in two for 5cm;
< > ( <> 2) hatching management of ovum
B, there is the branch of ovum after 48 hours, to use water infiltration product,,, utilizes aseptic water washing again 2 times, put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, on ovum, add lid layer filter paper with 75% alcohol disinfecting 20s with the careful picking of ovum; 30 ℃, humidity are in 55% the climatic cabinate;
On filter paper, spray B, every day 2 sterile waters and carry out moisteningly, ovum is preserved moisture, observe the hatching of ovum;
C, collection connect worm and to artificial feed, raise with a batch hatching larva;
(3) indoors artificial is raised
The raising of A, newly hatched larvae:, get with a batch hatching larva and in foster worm plate, raised 2 days support adding 3g artificial feed in the worm plate through 12 holes of 75% alcohol disinfecting;
The later stage of B, larva raises to be transferred in the test tube and raises: with the test tube that artificial feed are housed, under aseptic condition, on feed, prick 1 aperture with glass bar, select then and support 1 healthy and strong larva of no microbiological contamination in the worm plate, test tube seals with absorbent cotton; Be placed on temperature and be 30 ℃, humidity and be in 55% the climatic cabinate, changed fresh feed, and write down larval growth situation and survival rate simultaneously in per 1 month;
C, treat to take out behind the larvae pupation;
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time, waits for its emergence;
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings, using absorbent cotton to dip in to get percetage by weight is that 10% D/W is fed, and treats its mating;
< > <> F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straighten the footpath and be 1 cm, long for 5cm fresh former host's branch (locust tree, Chinese scholartree or cherry) of cleave in two, treat it and lay eggs.
Embodiment 4
Under the artificial feeding condition with nature under the difference of the green brave longicorn growth of Chinese scholartree
Claims (3)
1. the rearing method of the green brave longicorn of Chinese scholartree is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) acquisition of virgin adult and ovum:
A, initial obtains the branch that mature larva adopts former host with the field and raises until pupating;
B, raising are chosen diameter 0.5-0.8cm with branch, cut and grow into 20-25 cm juggle; At juggle one end 3-5cm that rive, cut off half of the juggle of riving, with the paper slip of 5cm with remaining half be rolled into tubbiness, keep the space that the wood chip that removes stays in the paper, brave roundheaded borer head is inwardly put into the space, seal with adhesive tape again;
C, to have inoculation the branch of brave roundheaded borer to put into temperature be that 0-32 ℃, humidity are that the climatic cabinate of 55-60% is treated it and pupated; Following feeding environment is all identical;
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time, waits for its emergence;
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings, using absorbent cotton to dip in to get percetage by weight is that 10% D/W is fed, and treats its mating;
< > <> F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straightening the footpath is fresh former host's branch of the cleave in two of 5-8cm for 1-2 cm, length, treats it to lay eggs;
< > (2) hatching management of ovum <>
A, there is the branch of ovum after 48 hours, to use water infiltration product,,, utilizes aseptic water washing again 2 times, put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, on ovum, add lid layer filter paper with 75% alcohol disinfecting 20s with the careful picking of ovum; 0-32 ℃, humidity are in the climatic cabinate of 55-60%;
On filter paper, spray B, every day 2 sterile waters and carry out moisteningly, ovum is preserved moisture, observe the hatching of ovum;
C, collection connect worm and to artificial feed, raise with a batch hatching larva;
< > (3) indoors artificial is raised <>
The raising of A, newly hatched larvae:, get with a batch hatching larva and in foster worm plate, raised 2-3 days support adding 3g artificial feed in the worm plate through 12 holes of 75% alcohol disinfecting; Described artificial feed are: tree sawdust 200g, sucrose 20g, dusty yeast 2.5g, soybean meal 30g, potassium sorbate 2g, agar 15g, water 400 mL, ascorbic acid 0.5g, B B-complex B 0.5g;
The later stage of B, larva raises to be transferred in the test tube and raises: with the test tube that artificial feed are housed, under aseptic condition, on feed, prick 1 aperture with glass bar, select then and support 1 healthy and strong larva of no microbiological contamination in the worm plate, test tube seals with absorbent cotton; Be placed on temperature and be 30 ℃, humidity and be in 55% the climatic cabinate, changed fresh feed, and write down larval growth situation and survival rate simultaneously in per 1 month;
C, treat to take out behind the larvae pupation;
After the green brave longicorn of the Chinese scholartree of D, raising pupates, distinguish male and female, list is only put into little vial, indicates male and female and pupates the time, waits for its emergence;
E, the time of will sprouting wings each a pair of culture dish that is covered with filter paper of putting into of male and female adult close, that just sprouted wings, using absorbent cotton to dip in to get percetage by weight is that 10% D/W is fed, and treats its mating;
< > <> F, the female worm after the mating is put into the culture dish that is covered with filter paper separately, in culture dish, straighten the footpath for 1-2 cm, long for 5-8cm fresh former host's branch of cleave in two, treat it and lay eggs.
2. the green brave longicorn rearing method of the described Chinese scholartree of claim 1, wherein the described former host's branch of step (1) refers to four and closes wood, poplar, locust tree, Chinese scholartree, cherry, birch, jujube, willow, Asia cherry, pomegranate, grape, hawthorn, paulownia, caragana microphylla caragana or caragana microphylla.
3. the green brave longicorn rearing method of the described Chinese scholartree of claim 1, wherein the described tree sawdust of step (3) is willow sawdust or thorn Chinese scholartree sawdust.
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| CN107593619A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-19 | 天津拓华生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of method of outdoor artificial feeding red-edge longicorn |
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