CN102612914B - Fertilizing method for improving stress tolerance and productivity of masson pine forest - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for improving stress tolerance and productivity of masson pine forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN102612914B CN102612914B CN 201210086875 CN201210086875A CN102612914B CN 102612914 B CN102612914 B CN 102612914B CN 201210086875 CN201210086875 CN 201210086875 CN 201210086875 A CN201210086875 A CN 201210086875A CN 102612914 B CN102612914 B CN 102612914B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing method for improving stress tolerance and productivity of a masson pine forest. The method includes the following steps: when the masson pines are arrayed in a matrix or a square matrix, a pit is dug in the middle of a connecting line between every two adjacent trees in the transverse and the longitudinal directions; every two adjacent trees in the transverse and the longitudinal directions share one pit; and four pits are dug on the periphery of each masson pine; stress tolerance health protection mycorrhiza fungicide and organic fertilizer are mutually spaced and placed in the four pits on the periphery of each tree, and earthing is performed then. The stress tolerance health protection mycorrhiza fungicide is compounded and formulated by mycorrhiza fungicide and naphthylacetic acid or indole-3-acetic acid, and the mycorrhiza fungicide is fermented by lactarius akahatsu and lactariushatsudake through solid fermentation stock culture; and biological organic fertilizer provides necessary nutrient for the growth of masson pines, and the stress tolerance health protection mycorrhiza fungicide facilitates the rootage and growth of the masson pines, so that the stress tolerance of the masson pines as well as the soil condition and micro ecology environment are improved, the survival rate and growth rate of the masson pines are enhanced, the rich water loss is reduced, and the competition for weeds below the masson pines and shrub for fertilizer is alleviated.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the quick-growing plantation cultivation field, be applicable to hills, low mountain and area, level land, can be to young growth, middle forest, mature forest fertilising, be specifically related to a kind of fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of masson pine forest.
Background technology:
Masson pine forest is the main Types that the southern china forest ecosystem is degenerated, the present species diversity forfeiture of the mark sheet of degeneration, hold water holding minute function poor, regulate that microclimate usefulness is low, the soil fertility decline is serious, structure of community is unstable and the harm of sick worm is serious.Artificially applying fertilizer replenishes soil fertility, and to be that current soil fertility is recovered the most direct, one of effective method.Existing fertilizer practice and chemical fertilizer, nutrient easily by weeds absorb, with rainwater run off or by long-time exposure inactivation so that accounted at last the seldom part of total nutrient by the nutriment of plant absorbing, the fertilising cost is higher, the synergy of trees is not obvious, also easily cause the hardening of pollution, soil of environment, the deterioration of soil property, soil fertility descends, affect the breathing of tree root, the generation of aggravation damage by disease and insect.
Organic manure be mainly derived from plant and (or) animal, impose on soil so that the carbonaceous material of plant nutrition as its major function to be provided.Through biological substance, animals and plants discarded object, plant residue processing, eliminated poisonous and harmful substance wherein, be rich in a large amount of benefit materials, the abundant nutritive element that comprises multiple organic acid, peptide class and comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.Can not only be for crops provide full nutrition, and fertilizer efficiency is long, can increase and upgrade the soil organic matter, promotes microbial reproduction, improves physicochemical property and the biologically active of soil, is the Main Nutrients of pollution-free food production.Microbial manure is the biological fertilizer that is formed by one or more beneficial microbes, culture matrix and additive (carrier) training system.It utilizes the vital movement of microorganism to increase the content of nitrogen in the soil or available phosphorus, potassium, or the material that some crops in the soil can not directly be utilized, convert battalion's material that can be absorbed and used to, improve the crop production excitor substance, the activity of Suppressing phytopathogens, thus increase soil fertility, improve the nutritional condition of crop, reduce fertilizer amount, improve crop yield, strengthen plant disease-resistant worm ability.Ectotrophic mycorrhiza can not only kill pathogenic bacteria trophosome, and can be take pathogen as nutrition, it is very luxuriant to grow, and can suppress the formation of pathogen brood body and hypopus; Wherein, the plant ectotrophic mycorrhiza can be secreted nonvolatile Fungicidal active substance, and the cytoplasm of pathogen is cleared up.Ectotrophic mycorrhiza can also help the host to adapt to saline-alkali environment, by increasing plant to the absorption of the mineral nutrient elements such as phosphorus, improves the nutritional deficiency that salt stress causes; Change ionic equilibrium in the plant corpus, reduce its physiology and poison; Increase plant to the absorption of moisture and utilize ability, alleviate physiological drought.In addition, ectotrophic mycorrhiza can improve trees moisture, nutrient.Mycorhiza has intensive mycelia net, strengthens the ability that absorbs various mineral nutritions, and is particularly more remarkable to the absorption of phosphorus.Many mycorrhizal types are arranged, and especially the mycelia of basidiomycetes can be extended very long in soil.A large amount of mycorhiza and mycelia make more Nutrient Absorption in mycorhiza, supply with host trees.Mycorrhizal fungi can be decomposed the organic matter in the soil, accelerates the soil nutrient circulation, improves soil structure, improves nutrient availability in the soil.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of masson pine forest, for the growth of masson pine provides required nutrient, and improve soil microenvironment, promote root system to water, fertile absorption, strengthen tree vigo(u)r, improve resistance.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of masson pine forest, when masson pine forest is arranged with matrix or square formation, between horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies dig pit in the line centre position, horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies share 1 hole, 4 holes are arranged around every tree, and each hole is 0.9-2.0 rice with the distance of trunk; The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of masson pine and fertilizer space are put into respectively every tree 4 holes all around, earthing; The annual fertilising once, fertilization time is April;
Described degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent is formulated according to weight ratio=1000:1 by bush mycorrhiza agent and indole-3-acetic acid solution; Described bush mycorrhiza agent is that orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) and red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) is adopted respectively one or both in the culture that the fermentation of solid fermentation medium forms; Described indole-3-acetic acid solution concentration is 1000ppm;
Before solid fermentation is cultivated, first orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are obtained bacterium liquid through inclined-plane solid culture medium and liquid shaking table medium culture, then be inoculated in the solid fermentation medium and cultivate; Described solid fermentation culture medium prescription is the peat composed of rotten mosses: rice bran: beancake powder: sucrose in mass ratio=80:50:10:1;
Bacterium liquid inoculum concentration is 5% of solid fermentation culture volume, and fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, fermentation time 8 days;
Described liquid shaking table condition of culture: liquid nutrient medium adopts the PD medium that does not add agar; Aseptic card punch with diameter 6mm, cut orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) the bacterium sheet cultivated on the inclined-plane solid plate, be inoculated in the 500ml triangular flask that fills the 250ml liquid nutrient medium 3 of every bottle graft kinds; Put 28 ℃, rotating speed 200rmin
-17d is cultivated in water bath with thermostatic control on the shaking table, obtains bacterium liquid;
Described orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) and red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are all picked up from the masson pine woods;
Described fertilizer is the biological organic fertilizer of gained after straw and animal waste mixed culture fermentation are processed.
The amount that biological organic fertilizer is put in each hole is 2000 grams, after the ratio of 9:1 is fully mixed in mass ratio with water-loss reducer with the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of masson pine, gets 500 grams and puts into each hole.
The length in each hole * wide * dark=25-35cm * 15-25cm * 25-40cm.
The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of above-mentioned horse hair pine tree in the preparation, bush mycorrhiza agent is crushed to the 2-3mm size after, mix with indole-3-acetic acid solution, namely obtain degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent.
The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of above-mentioned horse hair pine tree in the preparation, inclined-plane solid culture condition: adopt the PDA medium: 20wt% potato juice 1000mL, glucose 18g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.0g, magnesium sulfate 1.2g, agar 20g, vitamin B1 0.01g; The cultivation temperature scope is 28 ℃; The pH scope is 5-6; Make medium and be used for primary inclined plane cultivation 7 days.
In the cultivation process that masson pine manually grows into forest, employing the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
To the dig pit metabolism in fertilising favourable enhancing forest land of masson pine forest land, increase gas permeability and the soil oxygen content of timbered soil.A series of pittings have been stayed on the timbered soil surface after digging pit, increased the matsurface of soil, enlarged the surface area of soil, for rhizome provides sufficient oxygen, be conducive to the aerobic microbiological breeding, thereby accelerate the decomposition rate of ground leaf-cover and other organic detritus, increase vigor and the elasticity of timbered soil, make the easier deep layer that is penetrated into of rich water by root absorption; Can also reduce simultaneously rich water and run off, accelerate growth of microorganism increases the tolerance to cold of tree and reduces weeds contention nutrient, effectively reduces fertilizing amount, has reduced production cost.
Biological organic fertilizer provides necessary nutrient for Growth of Masson Pine, degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent has promoted taking root of masson pine and has grown, improved masson pine resistance, soil condition and micro-ecological environment have been improved, survival rate and the growth rate of masson pine have been improved, solve the practical problem in producing, met the requirement of sustainable development.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the position view in masson pine and the hole dug of fertilising in the fertilizing method of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Be intended to further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, and unrestricted the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of masson pine
Employing meets bacterium test, the orange newborn mushroom Lactarius akahatsu that the test screen masson pine forest is plucked, red juice breast mushroom Lactarius hatsudake, fragrant newborn mushroom Lactarius camphorates, sweet taste breast mushroom Lactarius glyciosmus, the newborn mushroom Lactarius subzonarius of fragrant inferior ring, pinnacle breast mushroom Lactarius subdulcis, the peaceful newborn mushroom Lactarius porninsis of ripple, the fine and soft newborn mushroom Lactarius gerardii of rare pleat, thick matter breast mushroom Lactarius deterrimus, fine hair breast mushroom Lactarius echinatus, rare pleat breast mushroom Lactarius hygrophoroides, suede Virgin's milk mushroom Lactarius vellereus, 13 kinds of newborn mushroom microbial inoculum inoculations such as succulence breast mushroom Lactarius volemus are on the impact of 2 years living Pinus massoniana Seedlings survival rates.Inoculate after 3 months, the survival rate of Pinus massoniana Seedlings that discovery connects orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu), red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) is the highest, the survival rate of nursery stock is respectively 81.57% and 77.82%, contrast improves 28.15% and 26.26%, and the survival rate of nursery stock of inoculating other bacterial classification is lower.Experimental result shows, inoculates orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu), red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) all has facilitation to the survival rate of Pinus massoniana Seedlings respectively, is conducive to improve the validity of masson pine artificial afforestration.
Orange newborn mushroom or red juice breast mushroom that masson pine forest is plucked obtain bacterium liquid through inclined-plane solid culture and the cultivation of liquid shaking table.Solid culture condition: adopt the PDA medium: 20% potato juice 1000mL, glucose 18g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.0g, magnesium sulfate 1.2g, agar 20g, vitamin B1 0.01g; The cultivation temperature scope is 28 ℃; The pH scope is 5-6; Make medium and be used for primary inclined plane cultivation 7 days.Liquid culture condition: liquid nutrient medium PD medium; With the aseptic card punch of diameter 6mm, cut orange newborn mushroom or the red juice breast mushroom bacterium sheet cultivated on the solid plate, be inoculated in the triangular flask (500ml) that fills the 250ml liquid nutrient medium 3 of every bottle graft kinds.Put 28 ℃, rotating speed 200rmin
-17d is cultivated in water bath with thermostatic control on the shaking table, obtains bacterium liquid.Obtain carrying out bush mycorrhiza agent production behind the bacterium liquid.
It is orange newborn mushroom or red juice breast mushroom liquid strain that bush mycorrhiza agent is produced used bacterial classification.Microbial inoculum solid fermentation medium is the peat composed of rotten mosses: rice bran: beancake powder: sucrose in mass ratio=80:50:10:1.Inoculate above-mentioned bacterium liquid, inoculum concentration is 5% of fermentation medium volume, and the humidity of matrix grabs with hand that to pinch sense moistening and flow down as suitable without ponding, and producing used temperature is 28 ℃, and about 8 days is one-period.
Above-mentioned two kinds of bacteria solid fermentations are cultivated culture to be pulverized respectively or after mixing, indole-3-acetic acid is dissolved as the liquid of 1000ppm, then in bush mycorrhiza agent: indole-3-acetic acid solution fully mixes according to the ratio of weight ratio=1000:1, namely gets degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent.
Embodiment 2: fertilizing method:
At first, when masson pine was arranged with matrix or square formation, between horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies digged pit in the line centre position, and horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies share 1 hole, and 4 holes are arranged around every tree, and each hole is 1.0 meters with the distance of main trunk; Degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent (adopting two kinds of bacterium preparations of orange newborn mushroom and red juice breast mushroom) and fertilizer space are put into respectively every tree 4 holes all around, the annual fertilising once, fertilization time is mid or late April.
Earthing waters; The length in each hole * wide * dark=25-35cm * 15-25cm * 25-40cm; The amount that biological organic fertilizer is put in each hole is 2000 grams, and the amount of putting into the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent that adds polyacrylamide type water-loss reducer is 500 grams.
Degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent before using, need with its with water-loss reducer in mass ratio the ratio of 9:1 fully mix.Biological organic fertilizer is gained after Phanerochaete chrysosporium, straw and animal waste mixed culture fermentation are processed.(concentration is 2.0 * 10 to inoculate the Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension that accounts for straw and animal waste gross mass 0.2%--0.5%
6Individual mL
-1), straw: animal waste is mass ratio 1:4-1:2, and moisture is controlled at 60-65%, after bacterial classification, straw (being cut into 1-2cm) and animal waste are mixed, pile heap wide 1.8～2.5 meters, high about 0.5 meter, that length is not limit, and in heap, get through pore with rod.Begin overturning during heap temperature rise to 50 ℃, temperature is controlled at below 70 ℃.Temperature drop is low when piling, and material is loose, without the former stink of material, the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, gets final product during the interior generation of heap white hypha.
When above-mentioned fertilizing method is used for that living masson pine manually grew into forest in 15 years, after 12 months, Growth of Masson Pine index and disease resistance are measured.Contrast (CK) is 15 years living Masson Pine Plantation without any measures of fertilizer.The results are shown in following table.
This fertilizing method is on the impact of 15 years living Growth of Masson Pines and disease resistance
Result of the test shows that this fertilizing method makes 15 years living masson pine height of tree increments improve 43.54%, and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground increment has improved 43.04%; The defoliation incidence has reduced 34.13%.Illustrate that this fertilizing method can promote 15 years living Growth of Masson Pines, and can also reduce the incidence of defoliation.
Adopt separately the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of orange newborn mushroom or red juice breast mushroom preparation, adopt above-mentioned identical fertilizing method, also can reach above-mentioned similar excellent effect.
Claims (5)
1. fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of masson pine forest, it is characterized in that, when masson pine forest is arranged with matrix or square formation, between horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies dig pit in the line centre position, horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies share 1 hole, 4 holes are arranged around every tree, and each hole is 0.9-2.0 rice with the distance of trunk; The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of masson pine and fertilizer space are put into respectively every tree 4 holes all around, earthing; The annual fertilising once, fertilization time is April;
The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of described masson pine is formulated according to weight ratio=1000:1 by bush mycorrhiza agent and indole-3-acetic acid solution; Described bush mycorrhiza agent is that orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) and red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) is adopted respectively one or both in the culture that the fermentation of solid fermentation medium forms; Described indole-3-acetic acid solution concentration is 1000ppm;
Before solid fermentation is cultivated, first orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are obtained bacterium liquid through inclined-plane solid culture medium and liquid shaking table medium culture, then be inoculated in the solid fermentation medium and cultivate; Described solid fermentation culture medium prescription is the peat composed of rotten mosses: rice bran: beancake powder: sucrose in mass ratio=80:50:10:1;
Bacterium liquid inoculum concentration is 5% of solid fermentation culture volume, and fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, fermentation time 8 days;
Described liquid shaking table condition of culture: liquid nutrient medium adopts the PD medium that does not add agar; Aseptic card punch with diameter 6mm, cut orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) the bacterium sheet cultivated on the inclined-plane solid plate, be inoculated in the 500ml triangular flask that fills the 250ml liquid nutrient medium 3 of every bottle graft kinds; Put 28 ℃, rotating speed 200rmin
-17d is cultivated in water bath with thermostatic control on the shaking table, obtains bacterium liquid;
Described orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) and red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are all picked up from the masson pine woods;
Described fertilizer is the biological organic fertilizer of gained after straw and animal waste mixed culture fermentation are processed.
2. fertilizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the amount that biological organic fertilizer is put in each hole is 2000 grams, after the ratio of 9:1 is fully mixed in mass ratio with water-loss reducer with the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of masson pine, gets 500 grams and puts into each hole.
3. fertilizing method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the length in each hole * wide * dark=25-35cm * 15-25cm * 25-40cm.
4. fertilizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, bush mycorrhiza agent is crushed to the 2-3mm size after, mix with indole-3-acetic acid solution, namely obtain degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent.
5. fertilizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, inclined-plane solid culture condition: adopt the PDA medium: 20wt% potato juice 1000mL, glucose 18g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.0g, magnesium sulfate 1.2g, agar 20g, vitamin B1 0.01g; The cultivation temperature scope is 28 ℃; The pH scope is 5-6; Make medium and be used for primary inclined plane cultivation 7 days.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103918392A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 福建省林业科学研究院 | Experimental method of balanced fertilization of fir and masson pine seed orchard |
| CN104920137B (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-11-24 | 黄焕程 | A kind of pine tree implantation methods for improving pine resin yield |
| CN106508583A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-22 | 都匀市国有马鞍山林场 | Method for dwarfing and rejuvenating seed orchard big trees of masson pine and improving flower and fruit setting rate |
| CN113748913B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-09-23 | 北京京彩弘景园林工程有限公司 | Pine rejuvenation method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101298563A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-05 | 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 | Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method |
| CN101445403A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-06-03 | 林金城 | Method for preparing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer and inorganic compound fertilizer containing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer |
| CN101497542A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-08-05 | 黄晓东 | Biological preparation containing plant growth promoting bacteria, as well as preparation and use thereof |
| CN101602623A (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2009-12-16 | 武汉诚亿生物制品有限公司 | A kind of microbial organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101298563A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-05 | 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 | Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method |
| CN101497542A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-08-05 | 黄晓东 | Biological preparation containing plant growth promoting bacteria, as well as preparation and use thereof |
| CN101445403A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-06-03 | 林金城 | Method for preparing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer and inorganic compound fertilizer containing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer |
| CN101602623A (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2009-12-16 | 武汉诚亿生物制品有限公司 | A kind of microbial organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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