CN102612915B - Fertilizing method for improving stress tolerance and productivity of China fir planted forest - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for improving stress tolerance and productivity of China fir planted forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN102612915B CN102612915B CN 201210088239 CN201210088239A CN102612915B CN 102612915 B CN102612915 B CN 102612915B CN 201210088239 CN201210088239 CN 201210088239 CN 201210088239 A CN201210088239 A CN 201210088239A CN 102612915 B CN102612915 B CN 102612915B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing method for improving stress tolerance and productivity of a China fir planted forest. The method includes the following steps: when the China firs are arrayed in a matrix or a square matrix, a pit is dug in the middle of a connecting line between every two adjacent trees in the transverse and the longitudinal directions; every two adjacent trees in the transverse and the longitudinal directions share one pit; and four pits are dug on the periphery of each tree; stress tolerance health protection mycorrhiza fungicide and organic fertilizer are mutually spaced and placed in the four pits on the periphery of each tree, and earthing is performed then. The stress tolerance health protection mycorrhiza fungicide is compounded and formulated by mycorrhiza fungicide and rhodofix, and the mycorrhiza fungicide is fermented by lactarius subdulcis, lactariushatsudake and lactarius hatsudake; and biological organic fertilizer provides necessary nutrient for the growth of China firs, and the stress tolerance health protection mycorrhiza fungicide facilitates the rootage and growth of the China firs, so that the stress tolerance of the China firs as well as the soil condition and micro ecology environment are improved, the survival rate and growth rate of the China firs are enhanced, the rich water loss is reduced, and the competition for weeds below the China firs and shrub for fertilizer is alleviated.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the quick-growing plantation cultivation field, be applicable to hills, low mountain and area, level land, can be to young growth, middle forest, mature forest fertilising, be specifically related to a kind of fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of Chinese fir woods.
Background technology:
At present in the Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations business process, the fast growing owing to coveting, advocate dense planting, pure forest, intensive cultivation, short rotation etc., continuous expansion along with the afforestation scale, intensity and the frequency of artificial disturbance are constantly strengthened, and have caused the large-area productivity decline of Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations, soil fertility decline.Fertilising can promote the Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations growth, increases the yield per unit area, and different land occupation conditions and age, the effect of fertilising is different.So the poor young growth of land occupation condition more should be strengthened water and fertilizer management, promote that young growth does sth. in advance closing, for the growth of growing into forest is laid a good foundation.Fertilising can improve the woodland fertility situation, but existing fertilizer practice does not have specific aim, nutrient is easily absorbed, runs off or inactivation is so that accounted at last the seldom part of total nutrient by the nutriment of plant absorbing by long-time exposure with rainwater by weeds, and the fertilising cost is higher, and the synergy of trees is not obvious, also easily cause the hardening of pollution, soil of environment, the deterioration of soil property, soil fertility descends, and breaks the soil micro-ecosystem balance, affect the breathing of tree root, the probability of aggravation crop disease and insect.
Microbial manure is the biological fertilizer that is formed by one or more beneficial microbes, culture matrix and additive (carrier) training system.It utilizes the vital movement of microorganism to increase the content of nitrogen in the soil or available phosphorus, potassium, or the material that some crops in the soil can not directly be utilized, convert battalion's material that can be absorbed and used to, improve the crop production excitor substance, the activity of Suppressing phytopathogens, thus increase soil fertility, improve the nutritional condition of crop, reduce fertilizer amount, improve crop yield, strengthen plant disease-resistant worm ability.Ectotrophic mycorrhiza bacterial manure is the set with the basidiomycetes of Chinese fir symbiosis.It can improve seedling percent and amount of growth, strengthens the resistance of seedling, improves trees to the adaptive capacity of poor environment, increases the diversity of edaphon, improves soil structure, anti-plant root disease pathogen short of money, the function of enhancing plant organ.Has the large potential value of tool in botanical seedling culturing, artificial afforestration.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of Chinese fir woods, for the growth of Chinese fir provides required nutrient, and improve soil microenvironment, promote root system to water, fertile absorption, strengthen tree vigo(u)r, improve resistance.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations, when described Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations is arranged with matrix or square formation, between horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies dig pit in the line centre position, horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies share 1 hole, 4 holes are arranged around every tree, and each hole is 0.9-2.0 rice with the distance of trunk; The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of Chinese fir and fertilizer space are put into respectively every tree 4 holes all around, earthing; The annual fertilising once, fertilization time is mid or late April;
The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of described Chinese fir is by bush mycorrhiza agent: naphthalene acid solution is formulated according to weight ratio=1000:1; Described bush mycorrhiza agent is that pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) and orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) and the newborn mushroom of red juice (Lactarius hatsudake) are adopted respectively ferment in the culture that forms one or more of solid fermentation medium; Described naphthalene acid solution concentration is 900ppm;
Before solid fermentation is cultivated, first pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) or orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are obtained bacterium liquid through inclined-plane solid culture medium and liquid shaking table medium culture, then be inoculated in the solid fermentation medium and cultivate; Described solid fermentation culture medium prescription is: the peat composed of rotten mosses: wheat bran: corn flour: sucrose in mass ratio=20:10:5:1; Bacterium liquid inoculum concentration is 5% of solid fermentation culture volume, and fermentation temperature is 25 ℃, fermentation time 8 days;
Described liquid shaking table condition of culture: liquid nutrient medium adopts the PD medium that does not add agar; Aseptic card punch with diameter 6mm, cut pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) or orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) the bacterium sheet cultivated on the inclined-plane solid plate, be inoculated in the 500ml triangular flask that fills the 250ml liquid nutrient medium 3 of every bottle graft kinds; Put 25 ℃, rotating speed 200rmin
-110d is cultivated in water bath with thermostatic control on the shaking table, obtains bacterium liquid;
Described pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis), orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu), red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are all picked up from the Chinese fir woods;
Described fertilizer is the biological organic fertilizer of gained after Phanerochaete chrysosporium, straw and animal waste mixed culture fermentation are processed.
The amount that biological organic fertilizer is put in each hole is 2000 grams, after the ratio of 9:1 is fully mixed in mass ratio with polyacrylamide type water-loss reducer with the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of Chinese fir, gets 500 grams and puts into each hole.
The length in each hole * wide * dark=25-35cm * 15-25cm * 25-40cm.
The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of above-mentioned Chinese fir in the preparation, bush mycorrhiza agent is crushed to 2-3mm after, mix with naphthalene acid solution, namely obtain degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent.
The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of above-mentioned Chinese fir in the preparation, inclined-plane solid culture condition: adopt the PDA medium: 20wt% potato juice 1000mL, glucose 18g, beef extract 15g, (NH
4)
2HPO
41g, magnesium sulfate 1.2g, agar 20g, vitamin B1 0.01g; The cultivation temperature scope is 28 ℃; The pH scope is 5.8; Make medium and be used for primary inclined plane cultivation 7 days.
In the cultivation process of Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations, employing the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
To the dig pit metabolism in fertilising favourable enhancing forest land of Chinese Fir Plantation, increase gas permeability and the soil oxygen content of timbered soil.A series of pittings have been stayed on the timbered soil surface after digging pit, increased the matsurface of soil, enlarged the surface area of soil, for rhizome provides sufficient oxygen, be conducive to the aerobic microbiological breeding, thereby accelerate the decomposition rate of ground leaf-cover and other organic detritus, increase vigor and the elasticity of timbered soil, make rich water more easily be penetrated into deep layer by root absorption; Can also reduce simultaneously rich water and run off, accelerate growth of microorganism increases the tolerance to cold of tree and reduces weeds contention nutrient, effectively reduces fertilizing amount, has reduced production cost.
Biological organic fertilizer has improved Chinese fir resistance for the Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations growth provides necessary nutrient, degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent to promote taking root of Chinese fir and grown, and has improved soil condition and micro-ecological environment, has improved survival rate and the growth rate of Chinese fir; Solve the practical problem in producing, met the requirement of sustainable development.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the position view in Chinese fir and the hole dug of fertilising in the fertilizing method of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Be intended to further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, and unrestricted the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations
Employing connects the bacterium test, the pinnacle breast mushroom Lactarius subdulcis that test screen Chinese fir woods is plucked, orange newborn mushroom Lactarius akahatsu, red juice breast mushroom Lactarius hatsudake, fragrant newborn mushroom Lactarius camphorates, sweet taste breast mushroom Lactarius glyciosmus, the newborn mushroom Lactarius subzonarius of fragrant inferior ring, the peaceful newborn mushroom Lactarius porninsis of ripple, the fine and soft newborn mushroom Lactarius gerardii of rare pleat, thick matter breast mushroom Lactarius deterrimus, fine hair breast mushroom Lactarius echinatus, rare pleat breast mushroom Lactarius hygrophoroides, suede Virgin's milk mushroom Lactarius vellereus, 13 kinds of newborn mushroom microbial inoculum inoculations such as succulence breast mushroom Lactarius volemus are on the impact of 2 years living China fir plant percents.Inoculate after 3 months, the survival rate that discovery connects orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu), red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake), pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) China fir nursery stock is the highest, the survival rate of nursery stock is respectively 72.23%, 67.69% and 63.81%, improve 21.16%, 15.58% and 14.34% than contrast, the survival rate of nursery stock of inoculating other bacterial classification is lower.Experimental result shows, inoculate orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu), red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake), pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) all has facilitation to the survival rate of China fir nursery stock respectively, is conducive to improve the validity of artificial afforestration.
The pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) that the Chinese fir woods is plucked or orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are cultivated through inclined-plane solid culture and liquid shaking table and obtain bacterium liquid.The solid culture condition: medium is PDA:20% potato juice 1000mL, glucose 18g, beef extract 15g, (NH
4)
2HPO
41g, magnesium sulfate 1.2g, agar 20g, vitamin B1 0.01g; The cultivation temperature scope is 28 ℃; The pH scope is 5.8; Make medium and be used for primary inclined plane cultivation 7 days.Liquid culture condition: liquid nutrient medium PD medium; With the aseptic card punch of diameter 6mm, cut pinnacle breast mushroom or orange newborn mushroom or the red juice breast mushroom bacterium sheet cultivated on the solid plate, be inoculated in the triangular flask (500ml) that fills the 250ml liquid nutrient medium 3 of every bottle graft kinds.Put 25 ℃, rotating speed 220rmin
-110d is cultivated in water bath with thermostatic control on the shaking table, obtains bacterium liquid.Obtain carrying out bush mycorrhiza agent production behind the bacterium liquid.
It is the above-mentioned pinnacle that obtains breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) or orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) liquid spawn that bush mycorrhiza agent is produced used bacterial classification.Microbial inoculum solid fermentation medium is the peat composed of rotten mosses: wheat bran: corn flour: sucrose=20:10:5:1.Inoculate above-mentioned bacterium liquid, inoculum concentration is 5% of fermentation medium volume, and the humidity of matrix grabs with hand that to pinch sense moistening and flow down as suitable without ponding, and producing used temperature is 25 ℃, and approximately 8 days is one-period.
After the bush mycorrhiza agent that production is good is crushed to the 2mm size, methyl α-naphthyl acetate is dissolved as the liquid of 900ppm, then in bush mycorrhiza agent: naphthalene acid solution fully mixes according to the ratio of weight ratio=1000:1, namely gets the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of Chinese fir.
Embodiment 2: fertilizing method:
At first, when Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations was arranged with matrix or square formation, between horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies digged pit in the line centre position, and horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies share 1 hole, 4 holes are arranged around every tree, and each hole is 1.0 meters with the distance of main trunk; Every tree 4 holes are all around put into respectively in degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent and the biological organic fertilizer space of embodiment 1 preparation, the annual fertilising once, fertilization time is mid or late April.
Earthing waters; The length in each hole * wide * dark=25-35cm * 15-25cm * 25-40cm.The amount that biological organic fertilizer is put in each hole is 2000 grams, and the amount of putting into the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent that adds polyacrylamide type water-loss reducer is 500 grams.
Degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent before using, need with its with water-loss reducer in mass ratio the ratio of 9:1 fully mix, biological organic fertilizer is that afterwards gained is processed in Phanerochaete chrysosporium, straw and animal waste mixed culture fermentation.(concentration is 2.0 * 10 to inoculate the Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension that accounts for straw and animal waste gross mass 0.2%--0.5%
6Individual mL
-1), straw: animal waste is mass ratio 1:4-1:2, and moisture is controlled at 60-65%, after bacterial classification, straw (being cut into 1-2cm) and animal waste are mixed, pile heap wide 1.8～2.5 meters, high about 0.5 meter, that length is not limit, and in heap, get through pore with rod.Begin overturning during heap temperature rise to 50 ℃, temperature is controlled at below 70 ℃.Temperature drop is low when piling, and material is loose, without the former stink of material, the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, gets final product during the interior generation of heap white hypha.
When above-mentioned Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations fertilizing method is used for 20 years living Chinese fir forest plantation, after 9 months, Chinese fir growth indexes and disease resistance are measured.Contrast (CK) is 20 years living Chinese fir forest plantation without any measures of fertilizer.The results are shown in following table.
This fertilizing method is on the impact of living Chinese fir growth in 20 years and disease resistance
Result of the test shows, this fertilizing method makes 20 years living Chinese fir height of tree increments improve 61.40%, and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground increment has improved 50%; The yellows incidence has reduced 27.52%.Illustrate that this fertilizing method can promote living Chinese fir growth in 20 years, and can also reduce the incidence of yellows.
Adopt separately the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of pinnacle breast mushroom or orange newborn mushroom or the preparation of red juice breast mushroom, adopt above-mentioned identical fertilizing method, also can reach above-mentioned similar excellent effect.
Claims (5)
1. fertilizing method that improves the degeneration-resistant and productivity of Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations, it is characterized in that, when described Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations is arranged with matrix or square formation, between horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies dig pit in the line centre position, horizontal and vertical every adjacent two tree bodies share 1 hole, 4 holes are arranged around every tree, and each hole is 0.9-2.0 rice with the distance of trunk; The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of Chinese fir and fertilizer space are put into respectively every tree 4 holes all around, earthing; The annual fertilising once, fertilization time is mid or late April;
The degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of described Chinese fir is by bush mycorrhiza agent: naphthalene acid solution is formulated according to weight ratio=1000:1; Described bush mycorrhiza agent is that pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) and orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) and the newborn mushroom of red juice (Lactarius hatsudake) are adopted respectively ferment in the culture that forms one or more of solid fermentation medium; Described naphthalene acid solution concentration is 900ppm;
Before solid fermentation is cultivated, first pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) or orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are obtained bacterium liquid through inclined-plane solid culture medium and liquid shaking table medium culture, then be inoculated in the solid fermentation medium and cultivate; Described solid fermentation culture medium prescription is: the peat composed of rotten mosses: wheat bran: corn flour: sucrose in mass ratio=20:10:5:1; Bacterium liquid inoculum concentration is 5% of solid fermentation culture volume, and fermentation temperature is 25 ℃, fermentation time 8 days;
Described liquid shaking table condition of culture: liquid nutrient medium adopts the PD medium that does not add agar; Aseptic card punch with diameter 6mm, cut pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis) or orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu) or red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) the bacterium sheet cultivated on the inclined-plane solid plate, be inoculated in the 500ml triangular flask that fills the 250ml liquid nutrient medium 3 of every bottle graft kinds; Put 25 ℃, rotating speed 200rmin
-110d is cultivated in water bath with thermostatic control on the shaking table, obtains bacterium liquid;
Described pinnacle breast mushroom (Lactarius subdulcis), orange newborn mushroom (Lactarius akahatsu), red juice breast mushroom (Lactarius hatsudake) are all picked up from the Chinese fir woods;
Described fertilizer is the biological organic fertilizer of gained after Phanerochaete chrysosporium, straw and animal waste mixed culture fermentation are processed.
2. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the amount that biological organic fertilizer is put in each hole is 2000 grams, after the ratio of 9:1 is fully mixed in mass ratio with polyacrylamide type water-loss reducer with the degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent of Chinese fir, gets 500 grams and puts into each hole.
3. fertilizing method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the length in each hole * wide * dark=25-35cm * 15-25cm * 25-40cm.
4. fertilizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, bush mycorrhiza agent is crushed to 2-3mm after, mix with naphthalene acid solution, namely obtain degeneration-resistant health care bush mycorrhiza agent.
5. fertilizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, inclined-plane solid culture condition: adopt the PDA medium: 20wt% potato juice 1000mL, glucose 18g, beef extract 15g, (NH
4)
2HPO
41g, magnesium sulfate 1.2g, agar 20g, vitamin B1 0.01g; The cultivation temperature scope is 28 ℃; The pH scope is 5.8; Make medium and be used for primary inclined plane cultivation 7 days.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102715058B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-05-11 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of method that improves ornamental plant transplanting survival rate |
| CN103329941B (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-05-13 | 中南林业科技大学 | Pine or fir artificial forest stress-tolerant growth-promoting composite mycorrhizal fungi inoculant, and preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN103918392A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 福建省林业科学研究院 | Experimental method of balanced fertilization of fir and masson pine seed orchard |
| CN108040719A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-18 | 佛山市高明区生产力促进中心 | A kind of planting method of taxodium ascendens |
| CN111448947B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-05-03 | 遵义市林业科学研究所 | Preparation and sowing method of ectomycorrhizal fungi granule strain |
Citations (4)
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| CN101298563A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-05 | 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 | Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method |
| CN101445403A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-06-03 | 林金城 | Method for preparing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer and inorganic compound fertilizer containing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer |
| CN101497542A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-08-05 | 黄晓东 | Biological preparation containing plant growth promoting bacteria, as well as preparation and use thereof |
| CN101602623A (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2009-12-16 | 武汉诚亿生物制品有限公司 | A kind of microbial organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101298563A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-05 | 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 | Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method |
| CN101497542A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-08-05 | 黄晓东 | Biological preparation containing plant growth promoting bacteria, as well as preparation and use thereof |
| CN101445403A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-06-03 | 林金城 | Method for preparing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer and inorganic compound fertilizer containing high-efficient microbial organic fertilizer |
| CN101602623A (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2009-12-16 | 武汉诚亿生物制品有限公司 | A kind of microbial organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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