CN102602433A - Rail transit combination-separation combined transport method - Google Patents
Rail transit combination-separation combined transport method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rail transit combination-separation combined transport method which is also called a static combined departure/dynamic disconnection method. A plurality of railway trains are sequentially connected in series and coupled on a station by automatic couplers to form a long train to carry out combined departure and the combined operation of the railway trains in the same lane is called ''same-lane combination''; and then when the rains need to run toward different lanes or part of the trains need to stop on the station and part of the trains need to travel beyond the station to continuous run, the dynamic disconnection of the train group in the operating process can be implemented by the automatic couplers in a rail disconnection region, which is called ''different-lane separation''. The combination and separation combined transport method with effects that both benefits are obtained when the trains are combined and both benefits are obtained when the trains are separated and the trains stop or continuous run as required is implemented. When the method is implemented, the online passenger and cargo transportation volume can be greatly improved, one railway has the efficiency of acceptance for carriage of a plurality of railways, the contradiction between high speed and stop on the station in the high-speed transportation is also completely solved, and the rail transit combination-separation combined transport method has very huge economic and social benefits. Moreover, the method also has the positive significance of saving energy, reducing emission and reducing the carbon consumption.
Description
Technical field
The branch through transport method of closing of the present invention relates to the big system of whole rail traffic field, the method for specifically working out about operation, management and the running chart of vehicle or train operation on orbit construction, the track.
Background technology
Track traffic is a kind of centralized large conveying quantity transport system; Existing common transportation resources is must stop in same place according to goods or passenger to handle passenger-cargo mobile system; This just causes in the transportation too much time and the consumption of the energy, the waste and the constraint of transport resource; Can't bring into play whole advantages of large conveying quantity, and passenger traffic speed and the conflict between the convenience by bus.Particularly in the high-speed rail transportation passenger-traffic system; Railroad train; High speed passenger transportation such as high speed train, motor train unit train mode particularly, though the speed of a motor vehicle got on, but train berthing time AT STATION can not omit or quicken; The big high-revolving quick time-saving advantage of volume of passenger traffic was offset by the time that numerous bus stop increased; Can't bring into play the advantage of high-speed rail transportation, it is to be difficult to the hang-up that the two is taken into account all the time that high-speed cruising and multistation are stopped, and badly influences effective performance of the economic and social benefit of high-speed rail transportation comprehensively.
Track traffic is the large passenger-cargo transportation resources of reply, but often has passenger-cargo difference that reaches the destination, and has promptly produced the contradiction of partly stopping with overall situation row, and need the stop passenger-cargo stream in processing section and other passenger-cargo stream need continue to start at a high speed the contradiction of generation.For example, the passenger-cargo destination that arrived of part, the visitor unloads under needing, and still, other most of passenger-cargo but also need the continuation transported.Obviously, existing system must make train integral body stop, and is forced in a ground and handles that this part is passenger-cargo, could continue other passenger-cargo transportations again, and this will cause the huge waste of time and resource.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in the contradiction that the various objectives ground that solves passenger-cargo stream in the big flow track traffic transportation is produced; Particularly solve the speed of a motor vehicle that is exceedingly fast in the high speed train passenger traffic and need multistation to stop contradiction and the conflict of back on the time place, the two win purposes that realization can embody fast, can make again a large amount of passengers to get on or off the bus at station as much as possible.
A kind of track traffic transportation resources; By rail system and operation management system, it is some that to carry the big system of transportation that the guideway vehicle of driving power device or transport agent that train is formed constitute performed; It is characterized in that; When they at same track in the same way and when row, then they are connected with connecting device and unite the operation of dispatching a car after hanging; When their need to different directions go or the need that have stop and all the other need continue to move ahead the time, then implement dynamic off-the-line under steam or (comprise the temporary term stop point) AT STATION to carry out static off-the-line, editorial afterword to be separated is taken their own roads vehicle or the train in the car group.
Adopt the branch through transport method of closing of the present invention, solved the contradiction of going and stopping, solved (even through) and many conflicts of stopping fast in the high speed railway; Realized the best operation target of " this not stopping of walking, what this stopped does not walk ", in the ideal society benefit of creating the most convenient passenger; Make rail system not increasing investment or increasing under the prerequisite of a small amount of reconstruction expense, greatly increase the online transportation volume density on the circuit, make same circuit; Transportation volume increases several times, makes the economic benefit of many tracks of a track performance, makes flood tide traffic investment can obtain quickly reclaiming; Also the have substantial degradation space of ticket price and freight rate benefits the society; In addition, the total energy consumption that the train groups energy consumption after the through transport is lower than each car when moving respectively helps energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduces traffic carbon load, brings into play the big flow of track traffic, quick, energy-conservation, reduction of discharging advantage better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 closes a kind of train groups marshalling figure of the train of branch through transport method at the originating station for the present invention.
Fig. 2 joins the scheme drawing that the train groups of sending out is rolled the originating station away from for an example of having accomplished is static.
Fig. 3 is the rail system scheme drawing of the inventive method.
Fig. 4-Fig. 6 moves scheme drawing between each station of leading portion of a wire case therein for the train groups of the inventive method.
The specific embodiment
Method of the present invention may be summarized to be " road with and close; the road is different and divide "; The specific embodiment does, rail vehicle system that is made up of track train group (1), automatic car coupler (2) etc. and the rail system that is made up of track (3), station (4), track switch and switch (5) and marshalling station (7) etc., and the transportation resources of the big system of train operation management system (8) three big subsystems formations; It is characterized in that also having a train off-the-line district (6) in the rail system; With the stop multiple row train of destination of equidirectional difference; The sequencing that stops according to plan under static condition with automatic car coupler (2) in the origin according to this arranged in series, connect to hang the back and form track train group (1) and unite and dispatch a car; The main car (1 ') of track train group (1) is driver's car; Come the foremost, i.e. " road closes together "; When arriving before interval, train off-the-line district (6) of track switch that train needs the shunting and switch (5); Operation through automatic car coupler (2); Realize the dynamic off-the-line of multiple row track train group (1) on the go; Make the train that needs the beginning shunting in the train groups (1) plan to remove marshalling by predetermined starting, two trains are independent operating separately; After the off-the-line success; Main car (1 ') or car group continue to move ahead; And by the train deceleration of off-the-line operation, drawing back the distance with main car (1 ') or car group, after main car (1 ') after the off-the-line to be achieved or car group are crossed track switch and switch (5); Track switch and switch (5) are transformed into another orbital position make by the train of off-the-line and use Correct Lane, be i.e. " road different and divide ".
Close in the branch through transport method in track traffic of the present invention; Multiple row track train group (1) is meant a plurality of single-row track traines; With the long line train groups that automatic car coupler (2) is formed, each row train can have only a joint, also can be more piece; And independently Power Drive Unit is all arranged separately, can both independent separately operation on the line.After they form the car group, can driven in common car group move, also can be only by main car (1 ') independent drive.Driving power can concentrate, and also can be dispersed into the form of motor train unit.Main car (1 ') is meant top rows of cars on multiple row track train group (1) working direction, and just train groups is handled the master control train of advancing.
Automatic car coupler among the present invention (2) is meant and can front and back two row trains be reliably connected extension, and can realize connecting device between automatically-unhooked train through manual handling or automation mechanized operation in train travelling process.
Track (3) is meant train rely the above that whole circuits and the related facility of operation, comprises the whole rail system of main line and subordinate line, cross line and station line, supply line etc.
After station (4) is meant that train stops, let the passenger up and down or cargo handing, along the highway section platform that railway line stretches, be typically provided with a plurality of railway platforms or cargo handing station in the station, to make things convenient for passenger getting on/off or cargo handing.
Track switch among the present invention is meant that with switch (5) control train overreach continues the station track switch of main track operation or the couble crossover of two different circuits, also comprises getting into part track and the conversion hinge thereof that station track is stopped.
Train off-the-line district (6) specially refers among the present invention; Implement dynamic off-the-line, separate one section relatively straight track section compiling operation for making multiple row track train group (1) the safety and steady ground that can be in operation; In the train travelling process; Elder generation is through train off-the-line district (6), and then arrival track switch and switch (5).
Operation management subsystem (8) transports the organization and administration computer service system for carrying out the train scheduling that closes branch through transport method, plan, safety, signal, commuter service etc., is the summation of each Computer Sub-System of the comprehensive management of track or railway traffic system.
Being example with the motor train unit passenger train that moves on the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway Line below is described further the enforcement of the inventive method.
The basic operation of the dynamic off-the-line of motor train unit is exactly that the train groups on the go passes through automatic car coupler, implements to automatically terminate the method for marshalling.Its technical scheme is; Off-the-line before whole motorcoach train group arrives a certain plan bus stop is interval, with the separate volume of the train that need stop in the car group through automatic car coupler, makes it in advancing, break away from the car group; The car group continues double ring ahead and by the train deceleration of off-the-line; To increase the spacing between two trains, treat that the car group is crossed main line track switch after, rapidly switch is moved to position, line turnout, station; Then the back just can be got into platform by the train of off-the-line and stops to receive or discharge passengers, and car group at this moment already overreach seted out to next destination.
Fig. 1 is a kind of train groups marshalling figure of the train of the inventive method at the originating station.If multiple row track train group (1) is made up of five row trains, this five row train can be respectively on five railway platforms the visitor, the interval uses automatic car coupler (2) bunchiness to carry out " the static couplet sent out " operation, the car group of composition the inventive method according to the order of sequence AT STATION after last visitor finishes.Its advantage is to utilize existing station platform, practices thrift investment.
Perhaps also can make Che Zuxian on a long railway platform, hang up properly automatic car coupler (2); Accomplish the operation (not marking among the figure) of " static couplet is sent out " in advance, go up the visitor again after promptly the company of marshalling has hung up properly earlier between each train, only need press visitor in the various objectives ground segmentation on the long railway platform; Its advantage is to dispatch a car soon; Relatively practice thrift passenger's time, get on the bus fast, can set up belt conveyor on the railway platform for making things convenient for the passenger.
If unconditionally make car form string in the station, then multiple row track train group (1) can even be hung bunchiness (having marked the marshalling station position among Fig. 1) at suitable train marshalling (7), accomplishes the operation of " the static couplet sent out ", starts then.
Fig. 2 joins the scheme drawing that the train groups of sending out is rolled the originating station away from for an example of having accomplished is static; Multiple row track train group (1) among the figure is taken the lead by the main cars of row (1 '); (1 ") (all not marking label among the figure) used four pairs of automatic car couplers (2) (all not marking label among the figure) between wherein altogether to connect four row trains altogether.Every row train has former and later two automatic car couplers (2), supplies the company of train and the place ahead train or rear train to hang.
When analyzing the inventive method operational process, for convenient clear for the purpose of, be divided into the wire operation and move two parts with planar network and explain.So-called " wire " is meant track of mono-or railway line, for example Shanghai and Nanjing subway or Beijing-Shanghai express railway, and train is operation between each station of circuit only; So-called " network " is meant by mutual cross link bonded assembly many railway plane structures that railway line is formed, for example track netting twines such as Chinese Railway net, Central Japan Railway net, the America railway network and the Eurasian railway network in length and breadth.
Fig. 3 is the scheme drawing of the inventive method in the linear track operation that has 10 stations.Track (3) is meant the whole rail system that comprises the train driving that divides rail in straight-through backbone and the station.Suppose that whole train groups stroke is provided with 10 stations (all not marking label among the figure) in the works altogether; In two circles 1 are the originating station; In two circles 10 are destination stop; 2-9 in the individual pen is 8 stations (all not marking label among the figure) that train need be stopped; Before each stops the station, a station track switch and switch (5) are arranged, station track switch and switch (5) determine the train that is going in this direction track to need overreach still to enter the station, and there is one section train off-the-line district (6) (all not marking label among the figure) track switch and switch (5) (all not marking label among the figure) front AT STATION; First at the train of this direction running through train off-the-line district (6) (all not marking label among the figure), just pass through a station then track switch and switch (5) (all not marking label among the figure).Train off-the-line district (6) is the work section that train groups realizes dynamic off-the-line; For guaranteeing the safe and effective enforcement of dynamic off-the-line operation, should there be the straight rail of certain-length in train off-the-line district (6), and qualified existing rail can directly use; Needn't increase investment for trnasforming urban land; Like the required condition of out of reach, must build new train off-the-line district (6) in addition, or on existing line, transform formation train off-the-line district (6), back.
Method of the present invention can be used in a variety of rail systems; For example; The inventive method can be used in following rail system: the railway network, high speed railway net and inter-city passenger rail net, inter-city high-speed rail net after the existing railway system, existing city rail system, subway system, the speed-raising; Especially in the high speed rail system---gauzes such as Chinese Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway, Beijing-Tianjin inter-city, Shanghai and Nanjing are intercity; The high speed railway net in Europe (Atlantic Ocean line, the Mediterranean line that comprise France); Whole the Shinkansens of Japan (comprise Tokaido the Shinkansen, the Shinkansen, northeast, upward the Shinkansen, adret the Shinkansen, the Shinkansen, northeast, the Shinkansen, northern land more), whole High Speed Railway that U.S.A adds railway line or networks such as (Pacific Ocean line, Atlantic Ocean line and gulf, Caribbean line, big lake lines etc.).
So-called high speed rail system should be made up of civil engineering, traction power supply, train operation control, high speed train, running scheduling, commuter service six sub-systems.Method of the present invention is applied in the high speed rail system, should meet the general rule of high speed rail system and specific (special) requirements proposed by the invention.Method of the present invention is fit to conventional track traffic transit organization pattern, also can organize the new transportation administration enterprise schema of setting up by requirement of the present invention as required.
The vehicle subsystem that the inventive method is mentioned; Be meant the train that to use in multiple railway train system of the present invention or the high speed rail system; For example; Railway train, high speed train, subway train, light rail train; Particularly power distribute type train, motor train unit train, pendulum train; Comprising the harmonious series of high speed motor train unit train of China, suitable track train such as the TGV of Eurostar high speed train, European TGV high speed train, French Alstom AGV high speed train, German ICE and IC high speed train, Spain AVE high speed train and TALGO pendulum train, the X2000 pendulum train of Sweden, gondola Pendolino pendulum train, Canadian huge Badische train, Japanese bullet-headed rapid train (" echo number " family car, " light number " family car etc.) and SHINANO pendulum train.
With the Shanghai and Nanjing inter-city high-speed rail is example, and this line has 21 stations, and wherein major station is six: Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Nanjing.Can adopt the inventive method that three kinds of representative types transportation Implementation Modes are arranged, first kind for stopping the operation plan that two stations add extension, and second kind is to stop a station to add and extend or extension program not, and the third is the through operation plan of major station.Three kinds of concise and to the point divisions of scheme are following.
1, stopping the operation plan that two stations add extension is in six major stations, to select two major stations to stop to receive or discharge passengers, for example substantially; From Shanghai, in advance with the train in Shanghai to the Nanjing car of deciding, after connect the train in sea to Changzhou; Hang up the train in Shanghai to Suzhou at last; " static join send out " of three row trains in the embodiment of the present invention method of Shanghai implemented on the railway platform of station, Suzhou " static off-the-line ", and main car advances to Changzhou, Nanjing direction after accomplishing off-the-line straight; Entered the station, Suzhou by the train after the off-the-line and stop on-board and off-board, continue to carry out big small station operational plan between Suzhou and Wuxi.Then, carry out at station, Changzhou and station, Suzhou similar " static off-the-line ".This method is relatively near existing high-speed cruising figure scheme, but three row trains volley, and can increase online passenger capacity immediately.Certainly, also can carry out dynamic off-the-line at this two station.
2, stopping the operation plan that a station adds extension is in six major stations, to select a major station to stop to receive or discharge passengers, for example substantially; From Shanghai, in advance with the train in Shanghai to the Nanjing car of deciding, after connect the train in sea to Zhenjiang; Reconnect the train of sea to Wuxi; Hang up the train in Shanghai to Suzhou at last, " static join send out " of four row trains in Shanghai Station embodiment of the present invention method, " the dynamically off-the-line " in train off-the-line district (6) the embodiment of the present invention method before the station, Suzhou; Main car is accomplished station track switch and the switch of crossing straight after the off-the-line before the station, Suzhou (5), heads direct for Wuxi, Zhenjiang, Nanjing direction.Station track switch and switch (5) change over the station track direction then, make by the train after the off-the-line to advance the stop on-board and off-board of station, Suzhou at a slow speed, continue online small station operation.Whole train enters Wuxi station simultaneously and implements " static off-the-line ", and main car group continues to repeat in Zhenjiang again forward " the dynamically off-the-line " in similar above-mentioned Suzhou, arrives Nanjing at last.Can be done the extension operation in the example in Suzhou and Zhenjiang by the train of " dynamically off-the-line " respectively, also can not extend operation and change other operational plans of execution.Four row trains volley, and online passenger capacity increase is more.
3, the through operation plan of major station is substantially; " the static couplet sent out " scheme in Shanghai Station embodiment of the present invention method; To leave for all the other five major stations---the train in Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou; Connect extension according to this, five cars join to be sent out in Shanghai Station, in order " dynamically off-the-line " scheme in Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang embodiment of the present invention method respectively.It is thus clear that, five row trains are volleyed, it is considerable that online passenger capacity increases multiple, and passenger's time in transit is short in the extreme, various benefits such as its technology, economy, society will more demonstrate fully.
Inter-city high-speed rail line in Shanghai and Nanjing in the above-mentioned instance, and six major stations and three kinds of operation plans, casehistory more intuitively just, and do not mean that and can only on this circuit, use, do not mean that yet and have only 6 stations and 3 kinds of operation plans.In fact, other high speed railway even common railway can use method of the present invention, greater or less than 6 stations; Other operation plan all can use method of the present invention; Key is to need to use flexibly this method, that be exactly " can close then close, this branchs then divides, favourable for both if cooperating, branch then two should ".
In order clearly to understand method of the present invention; Below in conjunction with diagram; With the Chinese Railway net is example; With the application prospect and the concrete operations of the Visual field analysis present technique of Beijing-Shanghai express railway, national high speed railway net even the global railway network, briefly introduce of the present invention second and the 3rd practical example below, for example longer with route, the more Beijing-Shanghai express railway in station is an application examples.1318 kilometers of the Beijing-Shanghai express railway total lengths that is about to be open to traffic have 24 stations.
Suppose on the Beijing-Shanghai express railway circuit, to select 10 stations; That is to say train operation between these 10 stations, 1 in two circles are the originating station, and 10 in two circles are destination stop; 2-9 in the individual pen is 8 stop stations that train need be stopped; Before each stops the station, a station track switch and switch (5) are arranged, lean on station track switch and switch (5) to determine the train of this direction running to need overreach still to enter the station, there is one section train off-the-line district (6) track switch and switch (5) front AT STATION; Train at this direction running passes through train off-the-line district (6) earlier, just gets into station track switch and switch (5) then.Train off-the-line district (6) is the work section that train groups realizes dynamic off-the-line.
The static fundamental procedure of sending out that joins; If with the Beijing-Shanghai express railway circuit is example; Can be embodied as, Beijing, Shanghai left in Shanghai leave for Tianjin, Shanghai and leave for Jinan, Shanghai and leave for the five row motor train unit trains that Bangbu, Shanghai leave for Nanjing and connect extension, the series connection back of embarking on journey according to this by the succession in Beijing, Tianjin, Jinan, Bangbu, Nanjing and join in Shanghai simultaneously and send out.
Dynamically the operating process of off-the-line is; When the off-the-line section before the above-mentioned five train groups arrival station, Nanjing; The driver that the Nanjing train is left in Shanghai must arrive operator's compartment and prepare to accept the off-the-line instruction, and the driver that Shanghai is left in the operator's compartment of train rear end, the next stop in the car group presides over the off-the-line operation.When the automatic parallel off button is pressed, along with automatic car coupler unhook, and then automatic parallel off program start; Car group double ring ahead and separated train automatic deceleration operation, train and car group distance widen, and the car group is crossed track switch very soon; Continuation moves at main line; Then, rail switch is transferred to interchange of position by switch, makes the Nanjing car get into the station, Nanjing and stops on-board and off-board.
Fig. 4-Fig. 6 moves scheme drawing between each station of leading portion for the train groups of the inventive method in second case.
Fig. 4 is before multiple row track train group (1) has just arrived the train off-the-line district A at the 2nd station a), prepares to implement dynamic off-the-line operation.
Fig. 4 b) be that multiple row track train group (1) has been accomplished dynamic off-the-line in the A district, main car (1 ') has been crossed the train off-the-line district A at the 2nd station, and the branch rail point A ' through the 2nd station prepares to pass through the 2nd station, shows and can not stop at the 2nd station.And last row train, promptly also A advances at a slow speed in the off-the-line district by the train of off-the-line.
4c) for the main car (1 ') of multiple row track train group (1) and with three row trains, passed through the 2nd station, positive move ahead to the 3rd station at full speed.And original last row train of train groups is just resting on the railway platform at the 2nd station.
Fig. 5 a) has accomplished off-the-line operation for the second time for multiple row track train group (1), is passing through the branch rail point B ' at the 3rd station, and obviously the car group can not stop at the 3rd station.And row train second from the bottom is by off-the-line, and also the train off-the-line district B at the 3rd station advances at a slow speed, and no show still divides rail point B ', moves ahead at a slow speed to prepare to get into station 3.Divide the rail point to be equivalent to station track switch and switch (5)
Fig. 5 b) crossed the 3rd station for multiple row track train group (1), continued to move ahead to the 4th station.And row train second from the bottom is just resting on the railway platform at the 3rd station.
Fig. 5 c) accomplished off-the-line operation for the third time for multiple row track train group (1), having crossed the 4th station divides rail point C ', and is passing through the 4th station, obviously can not stop at the 4th station.And train groups in the middle of rows of cars by off-the-line, the train off-the-line district C that is at the 4th station moves ahead at a slow speed.
Fig. 5 d) crossed the 4th station for multiple row track train group (1), positive full speed moves ahead to the 5th station.And the rows of cars in the middle of the train groups are just resting on the railway platform at the 4th station.
Fig. 6 a) for multiple row track train group (1) remaining last two row trains---main car (1 ') is being with and main car (1 ') bonded assembly positive number secondary series train; The train off-the-line district D and the preceding rail point D ' that divides in station at the 5th station have been passed through; Rest in together on the railway platform at the 5th station, prepare to implement " static off-the-line " operation.Because two row trains all should be stopped the 5th station by train operation plan, so there is no need to implement in advance dynamic off-the-line.
Fig. 6 b) accomplishes " static off-the-line " operation with positive number secondary series train for multiple row track train group (1); Be different from dynamic off-the-line; So-called " static off-the-line " is the off-the-line operation of in station for example, carrying out during train dwelling; Obvious static off-the-line operation is more simple than dynamic off-the-line, is a kind of existing routine operation, also helps saving and shortening going and berthing time by the off-the-line train.Last row train by off-the-line independently is parked on the railway platform.Main car (1 ') is implemented static the couplet once more and is sent out at the 5th station; Its back has joined and has hung up each train that mails to the 6th station, the 7th station, the 8th station, the 9th station and the 10th station respectively; Train groups is accomplished static the company and is hung through the operation of automatic car coupler (2), on a long railway platform, admits the 5th station passenger loading.
Fig. 6 c) moves ahead from the 5th station leaving from station with the new train that connects of five row for the main car (1 ') of multiple row track train group (1); Drive towards the 6th station, the 7th station, the 8th station, the 9th station and the 10th station, prepare to implement similar dynamic off-the-line in similar aforementioned the 2nd station, the 3rd station or the 4th station or the operation of static off-the-line.Four row trains are rested in respectively on the 6th station, the 7th station, the 8th station and the 9th station, and main at last car (1 ') gets into the 10th station together with the tight secondary series train that connects, and similar train is in the static off-the-line operation at the 5th station.And the secondary series train that originally brings from the originating station is just resting on the railway platform at the 5th station, accepts new operational plan.
In the casehistory of the quick multistation passenger traffic transportation resources of above-mentioned rail transit train from the inventive method " the static couplet sent out/dynamic off-the-line "; Can find out significantly; Sum has 9 row trains to lead down at main car (1 '), divides the secondary through transport, and visitor down stops between nine seat coach stations respectively; Both reached the fast speed purpose, and can once transport large batch of passenger again easily to more station.For main car (1 '), also only stopped a train at the 5th station, also be quick in the extreme with easily.
Taking a broad view of above process can find, except main car only stopped one the station, prepares the passenger go to the 2nd station, the 3rd station, the 4th station and the 5th station for getting on the bus from the 1st station; The station was not all stopped in the centre, all was equivalent to take hot-shot express, was most convenient, was stroke the most by bus yet; Save time very much; Give full play to the quick advantage of high speed train, realized the target of " this not stopping of walking, what this stopped does not walk ".
Can find out equally, the passenger that the 6th station, the 7th station, the 8th station, the 9th station and the 10th station are gone in the preparation of getting on the bus from the 5th station, the passenger is not stopped at intermediate station yet, all is equivalent to take hot-shot express, enjoys route quickly and easily too.That is to say that adopt ten row trains of system of the present invention, nine row trains wherein are hot-shot expresss, rows of cars only stopped a station.
For getting on the bus from the 1st station, the passenger that the 6th station, the 7th station, the 8th station and the 9th station are gone in preparation can be sitting in earlier on the main car (1 '), when treating that main car (1 ') arrives the 5th station; Can on the 5th station railway platform, realize " changing trains ", transfer hang over main car (1 ') back, prepare respectively at the 6th station～train of the 9th station stop, and the what is called here " is changed trains "; Just not going out the station, only is on same seat railway platform, changes to other compartments backward from a compartment; In their whole route, also only stopped station, the 5th station, a train only stops a station; Also calculating very soon, even transfer to, also is to change a compartment at same railway platform.As for getting on the bus at the 1st station, the passenger that the 10th station is gone in preparation undoubtedly, can stay on the main car (1 ') always, needn't change trains.The seat that main car (1 ') is available in process is changed trains at the 5th station is just taken by other new passengers that the 10th station was got on the bus, prepared at the 5th station.
Above-mentioned Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway line, and 10 stations and two kinds of operation plans, casehistory more intuitively just, and do not mean that only ability usefulness on a circuit, do not mean that yet and have only 10 stations and two kinds of operation plans.In fact; Other high-speed line can use method of the present invention; Greater or less than 10 stations, to go directly, stop a station, stop two stations and all can use method of the present invention to the scheme of stopping multistation, key is that the needs according to transportation tissue and passenger use this method flexibly.
The safety of considering the train groups operation guarantees; Particularly implement complete, the particular time of lacking experience of software and hardware condition in early stage in the present invention, should be in the train off-the-line district (6) at each station be interval, before near station track switch and switch (5), set up emergent bus stop (61) (in Fig. 6, marking); For make the car group of " dynamically off-the-line " operation failure because of a variety of causes; Can go up at emergent bus stop (61) and implement static off-the-line, after the static off-the-line success, main car group is started overreach earlier; Then station track switch and switch (5) are transformed into the station line position, by the stop of entering the station of the train of static off-the-line.Emergent bus stop (61) should possess the manpower and materials condition of failure-free means of communication, control device and preparation handling failure.
It is thus clear that; From the operation conditions of whole car group at 10 stations, reached fully basically that target of the present invention is described, the track traffic passenger traffic is looked forward to fast and the target that stops more, realized " this not stopping of walking; what this stopped does not walk ", " people having a common goal and closing; different road and divide " and the target of " person of closing is good for both sides, divide then two suitable ", be fast with the operation scheme that makes things convenient for the two to take into account.
Also can find out from above-mentioned example, train on the way, six row trains move simultaneously the most for a long time, two row trains move simultaneously the most after a little while.Because the distance between the two row trains of front and back is only relevant with train speed and braking time; Basically fix, irrelevant with train length, (train length is the thousands of meter levels of hundreds of at the most in this method; And following distance is the myriametre higher level), so little to this method influence.And the online passenger capacity of long line car is much larger than short train.Therefore, through transport method of the present invention will greatly improve the online passenger capacity of existing high speed railway.This example operation plan can roll up online passenger capacity, by average computation, and the nearly 3-4 of this method volume of passenger traffic increasing degree doubly, visible, after employing this method, be equivalent to the volume of passenger traffic of original 3-4 bar railway line, its economic value is very high.Before China, during the railway traffic strenuous status, once started the long line passenger vehicle and the 50 multi-node long line lorries of 20 more piece cars, visible to overcome the deficiency of freight volume, the long line car is very huge to the effect that increases freight volume.But receive the restriction of station platform length, long train passenger is got on or off the bus can make troubles.
Aspect energy consumption, method of the present invention also has a lot of practical values.Passenger traffic and shipping in same distance, the carbon emission of railway transportation only is 1/9 of a vehicular transport.Same transportation volume, railway consumption ground is 1/8 to 1/10 of highway.The advantage of railway transportation in low power consuming; If can in realize the high speed process, be developed even promoted; This discusses energy-saving and emission-reduction warmly in the current whole world, the ecology environment of preserving our planet, and the Chinese government solemnly promises to undertake the target of the year two thousand twenty realization per GDP carbon dioxide discharge-reduction 45%, the outstanding necessity that shows.Speed has got on, and energy consumption also will inevitably improve, and this is an iron rule, but more should adapt with the worldwide trend of current energy-saving and emission-reduction at a high speed; Realizing the high-revolving while, hoping to lean on the strength of science and technology to reduce carbon emission, hoping " speed is gone up; energy consumption lowers " that also become the epoch to the new demand that high speed railway proposed, the high ferro up-to-date technology also will adapt to the new situations that the current whole world reduces discharging; After the financial crisis, each state all advocates the development of new forms of energy and energy saving technology energetically, and the high ferro up-to-date technology is no exception.
As everyone knows; A series of technology economy advantages such as that the high speed railway in the track traffic has is round-the-clock, capacity is big, speed is fast, safety is good, energy consumption is low, pollution is light, take up an area of less, reduced investment, efficient height, rapid and convenient are particularly suitable for the traffic demand of the concentrated passenger traffic of the so national high capacity that area is big, the size of population is many, group of cities is intensive of China.
By method of the present invention, join the long train groups after sending out, low compared with the total power consumption of each train isolated operation, so method of the present invention is more economized ability than conventional passenger traffic.
The explanation at 9 stations of the present invention in above-mentioned first practical example also has the practical example of further bringing into play bigger technical advantage available, and that is exactly the hot-shot express scheme.It is characterized by, on line all stations carry out omnidistance through, multiple row track train group (1) with whole trains all be hot-shot express.That is exactly to be example with whole 9 stations on the circuit, and can implement all is the technical scheme of hot-shot express.Be exactly just join at the originating station send out from 10 stations, the 2nd station to the, by the static multiple row track train group of sending out (1) that joins of nine row trains, so any passenger who leaves for other 9 stations along the line from the 1st station thinks the hot-shot express of which station with regard to last that station; Because all be hot-shot express; Travel time will more be saved, and also eliminate the trouble of changing trains, and can one stand erectly to reach; Do not have any stopping midway and arrive the destination, this through bus transport scheme is obviously more convenient by bus, the travel time still less, speed is faster.22 stations altogether between Beijing-Shanghai express railway; Per tour car can satisfy the passenger's at 9 stations need; So big volume of passenger traffic station such as Suzhou, Changzhou, Nanjing, Bangbu, Xuzhou, Jinan, Tianjin for example; Basically per tour car all can be taken, and other stations basically at a distance from a regular bus at the most two regular buses also can go directly basically or stop a station at the most and arrive, also enough easily.Calculate with mathematical mean; Suppose that the distance between these nine stations equates; Even reduce because the speed that in dynamic off-the-line process, is influenced; Theoretical carrying density on the track improves 4-5 doubly fully also than average train passenger capacity existing, not embodiment of the present invention method, that is to say to be equivalent to the volume of passenger traffic that original 4-5 bar track carries.
In fact, long apart from the train circuit, possibly pass through several intensive groups of cities; The station number that possibly need to stop is far above 10 20, stops the passenger traffic line at station especially in a large number for needs, adopts method of the present invention; Can start the multiple row track train group (1) that has multiple row even tens row trains; Adopt the through approaching basically through over long train group of stopping or slightly having some small stations along the line completely, the performance of its economy, social usefulness will be more outstanding, and the rail transport amount can obtain the lifting of very big amplitude; Can be equivalent to produce the usefulness of tens groups of tracks, the energy of saving is also more considerable.Though train is very long, since in fact not long through the train that really enters the station after the off-the-line, so existing most of station platforms should satisfy the needs of admitting the passenger.
Consider how many inequalities of passengers quantity between the station; Also consider between the station inequality apart from length; And the number of each bar operating line bus loading zone, " the static couplet sent out/dynamic off-the-line " the of the present invention method of can applying in a flexible way is in conjunction with operational research knowledge; Work out train diagram flexibly, to reach most economical rational effect.Just how to be continued operation, the problem that plays a role below, other application example of narration the inventive method by the train after the off-the-line.
It is along the line that method of the present invention not only can be applied in single track, more can expand in the plane, extends to the whole rail traffic networks.That is exactly in railway network; Through the railway connections or the delivery of each bar circuit, can have the rail network system of extensive plane figure, the train on many different circuits is realized the branch through transport of closing of the present invention; It is characterized in that; Contain the train on the different circuits in the multiple row track train group (1), when on common circuit, moving, carry out a static couplet people having a common goal and go; In that the branch rail point (5 ') that is equivalent to station track switch and switch (5) is preceding respectively gets its institute after can implementing dynamic off-the-line, use Correct Lane.
For example, can Pekinese's train and Shanghai be mail in Shanghai and mail to the train in Qingdao and unite and dispatch a car, before Jinan, the branch rail point (5 ') of Beijing-Shanghai line and Jiao Ji Railway Line is implemented dynamic off-the-line, and each car shunting operation also need not consider whether stop in Jinan station.Divide rail point (5 ') to be equivalent to station track switch and switch (5).
With a foregoing circuit is example, 10 stations all on a line, certainly the passenger flow also can only be in the city on this line.The economic and social benefits that it produced also only are confined on this line.But, nowadays actual track traffic, for example city underground, light rail, aerial conveyor, intercity track, railway, high speed railway all are network and distribute, and the transportation on each bar circuit can be passed through the line intermediate node, is transformed on the All other routes.Lift a concrete instance; Beijing-Shanghai Railway is the busiest railway transport of passengers line of China; But transportation can be not limited only to the mono-Beijing-Shanghai Railway, the Ji He line from Xinxiang, Henan to Qingdao, can be through the Heze, Jining, Yanzhou, Jinan, Zibo, Weifang is to Qingdao; With regard to three railways of cross-over connection, section belongs to Beijing-Shanghai Railway to Jinan and wherein have only the Yanzhou in the middle of this.
Can transfer lines outer other railway lines of many nodes on the Beijing-Shanghai Railway; For example can be connected peaceful Chinese railway to central Chinese city of Wuhan and other places through intermediate station Nanjing; Also can be connected peaceful overgrown with weeds railway to Wuhu; Can be connected Longhai Railway to cities, many Midwest such as Lianyun Harbour and Zhengzhou, Xi'an or Urumchi in intermediate station Xuzhou; Can be connected the Jiaozhou-Jinan railway in intermediate station Jinan to Qingdao or Yantai, also can be connected westwards stone Taiyuan Railway Bureau road to Shijiazhuang or Taiyuan, more can be connected Shen, capital railway and Beijing-Harbin railway various northern city in intermediate station Tianjin to northeast.
As the lattice trail traffic, the inventive method just can surmount on the above-mentioned single railway line line transports, and brings into play wider effectiveness.For example, mail to Pekinese's direct train from Shanghai, can with Shanghai to Wuhan, Shanghai to Xi'an; The train in Shanghai to Qingdao, Shanghai to Shenyang or direct train are implemented static the couplet in Shanghai Station and are sent out, and respectively in Nanjing, realize dynamic off-the-line before the Xuzhou, Jinan, station, Tianjin, just can join and send out train more; Bring into play the preceence of the inventive method biglyyer, increase total volume of railway freight, and can increase the visitor's that stops down city quantity; The time that can reduce unnecessary parking in the road again or change trains or buses to be wasted; Really accomplish " this not stopping of walking, what this stopped does not walk ", also reduced each passenger's carbon consumption in the trip simultaneously.
Multiple row track train group (1) can be moved on the planar tracks network of different circuits or railway network, it is characterized in that, contains the train on the different circuits in the multiple row track train group (1), when on common circuit, moving, carries out static the couplet and sends out people having a common goal and go; In that the branch rail point (5 ') that is equivalent to station track switch and switch (5) is preceding respectively gets its institute after can implementing dynamic off-the-line, use Correct Lane.
Method of the present invention also can be applied in the goods transport, for example, has several shipments will mail to west area and the Northeasts such as Dalian, Harbin such as Xi'an, Lanzhou respectively from Shanghai; Just can be respectively by two row lorries; Connect to hang in Shanghai, implement static running fire, the dynamic off-the-line of the preceding enforcement of branch rail point (5 ') that is equivalent to station track switch and switch (5) before in Xuzhou; A row lorry arrives ground such as Xi'an, Lanzhou westwards after the off-the-line, and another row lorry continues to arrive ground such as Xi'an, Lanzhou northwards.Above-mentioned lorry also possibly carried additionally the lorry that row mail to Nanjing simultaneously in Shanghai, before the station, Nanjing, lets the latter implement dynamic off-the-line in Nanjing; And other two row lorry just need not delay in Nanjing; Influence shipping speed, it is characterized in that, said train is a goods train; The branch through transport method of closing of same employing the " people having a common goal and closing, different road and divide ".
Embodiment of the present invention method in the shipping equally just like advantage similar in the passenger traffic that coexists, for example, saves time fast, and volume of railway freight increases, and the goods transport power consumption reduces.
Claims (10)
1. branch through transport method is closed in track traffic; By rail system and operation management system, somely carry the big system of transportation that the guideway vehicle of driving power device or transport agent that train is formed constitute; It is characterized in that; When they at same track in the same way and when row, then they are connected with connecting device and unite the operation of dispatching a car after hanging; When their need to different directions go or the need that have stop and all the other need continue to move ahead the time, then implement dynamic off-the-line under steam or (comprise the temporary term stop point) AT STATION to carry out static off-the-line, editorial afterword to be separated is taken their own roads vehicle or the train in the car group.
2. branch through transport method is closed in the described track traffic of claim 1; Rail vehicle system that forms by track train group (1), automatic car coupler (2) etc. and the rail system that constitutes by track (3), station (4), track switch and switch (5) and marshalling station (7) etc.; And the transportation resources of the big system of train operation management system (8) three big subsystems formations; It is characterized in that also having a train off-the-line district (6) in the rail system; With the stop multiple row train of destination of equidirectional difference; The sequencing that stops according to plan under static condition with automatic car coupler (2) in the origin according to this arranged in series, connect to hang the back and form track train group (1) and unite and dispatch a car; The main car (1 ') of track train group (1) is driver's car; Come the foremost, i.e. " road closes together "; When arriving before interval, train off-the-line district (6) of track switch that train needs the shunting and switch (5); Operation through automatic car coupler (2); Realize the dynamic off-the-line of multiple row track train group (1) on the go; Make the train that needs the beginning shunting in the train groups (1) plan to remove marshalling by predetermined starting, two trains are independent operating separately; After the off-the-line success; Main car (1 ') or car group continue to move ahead; And by the train deceleration of off-the-line operation, drawing back the distance with main car (1 ') or car group, after main car (1 ') after the off-the-line to be achieved or car group are crossed track switch and switch (5); Track switch and switch (5) are transformed into another orbital position make by the train of off-the-line and use Correct Lane, be i.e. " road different and divide ".
3. the described method of claim 2 is characterized in that, in track and the station system, also is provided with train marshalling (7), and multiple row track train group (1) can connect at train marshalling (7) hangs bunchiness, accomplishes the operation of " the static couplet sent out ", starts then.
4. the described method of claim 2; It is characterized by; The rail system that branch through transport method is closed in implementation is the railway network, high speed railway net and inter-city passenger rail net, inter-city high-speed rail net after the existing railway system, existing city rail system, subway system, the speed-raising; Especially in the high speed rail system---gauzes such as Chinese Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway, Beijing-Tianjin inter-city, Shanghai and Nanjing are intercity; The high speed railway net in Europe (Atlantic Ocean line, the Mediterranean line that comprise France); Whole the Shinkansens of Japan (comprise Tokaido the Shinkansen, the Shinkansen, northeast, upward the Shinkansen, adret the Shinkansen, the Shinkansen, northeast, the Shinkansen, northern land more), whole High Speed Railway that U.S.A adds railway line or networks such as (Pacific Ocean line, Atlantic Ocean line and gulf, Caribbean line, big lake lines etc.).The railway network, high speed railway net and inter-city passenger rail net, inter-city high-speed rail net after existing city rail system, subway system, the speed-raising; Or in the high speed rail system---gauzes such as Chinese Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway, Beijing-Tianjin inter-city, Shanghai and Nanjing are intercity; Atlantic Ocean line, the Mediterranean line of France; The Shinkansen of Japan, the Pacific Ocean line of the U.S., Atlantic Ocean line and railway line networks such as gulf, Caribbean line, big lake line.
5. the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out the tissue close branch through transport method and can be the track traffic transit organization pattern of routine, also can set up the new transportation administration enterprise schema of setting up by requirement of the present invention as required.
6. the described method of claim 2; It is characterized in that; Guideway vehicle or train system that branch through transport method is closed in execution are railway train, high speed train, subway train, light rail train; Particularly power distribute type train, motor train unit train, pendulum train; Comprising the harmonious series of high speed motor train unit train of China, suitable track train such as the TGV of Eurostar high speed train, European TGV high speed train, French Alstom AGV high speed train, German ICE and IC high speed train, Spain AVE high speed train and TALGO pendulum train, the X2000 pendulum train of Sweden, gondola Pendolino pendulum train, Canadian huge Badische train, Japanese bullet-headed rapid train (" echo number " family car, " light number " family car etc.) and SHINANO pendulum train.
7. the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that, the linear applications of multiple row track train group (1) on same railway can be taked one of following operation plan:
I) stop the operation plan (can static off-the-line or dynamically off-the-line) that two stations add extension;
Ii) stopping a station adds and extends or extension program (the static off-the-line of part, partial dynamic off-the-line) not;
The iii) through operation plan of major station (all dynamically off-the-line);
Iv) stop the operation plan (can static off-the-line or dynamically off-the-line) of multistation;
Omnidistance through operation plan (omnidistance dynamic off-the-line) is carried out at v) whole on line stations.
8. the described method of claim 2; It is characterized in that; In AT STATION train off-the-line district (6) is interval, near station track switch and switch (5) before; Also be provided with emergent bus stop (61),, can go up at emergent bus stop (61) and implement static off-the-line for make the car group of " dynamically off-the-line " operation failure because of a variety of causes.
9. the described method of claim 1; Multiple row track train group (1) is characterized in that at the planar tracks network or the railway online operation of different circuits, contains the train on the different circuits in the multiple row track train group (1); When on common circuit, moving, carry out a static couplet people having a common goal and go; In that the branch rail point (5 ') that is equivalent to station track switch and switch (5) is preceding respectively gets its institute after can implementing dynamic off-the-line, use Correct Lane.
10. the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that, said train is a goods train, the branch through transport method of closing of same employing the " people having a common goal and closing, different road and divide ".
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