CN102499007B - Using method of wooden organic ground surface mulch - Google Patents
Using method of wooden organic ground surface mulch Download PDFInfo
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- CN102499007B CN102499007B CN 201110367056 CN201110367056A CN102499007B CN 102499007 B CN102499007 B CN 102499007B CN 201110367056 CN201110367056 CN 201110367056 CN 201110367056 A CN201110367056 A CN 201110367056A CN 102499007 B CN102499007 B CN 102499007B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a using method of a wooden organic ground surface mulch. Due to the application of the existing wooden organic ground surface mulch, forests suffer from pest and disease damage, rodents are bred, the health condition of the forests is reduced and the forest benefit is reduced. The using method of the wooden organic ground surface mulch comprises the following steps of: a step of observing and studying an organic covering scene; a step of determining the type of the mulch and covering time; a step of implementing coverage, which comprises determination of a coverage range, preparation of a coverage region and coverage construction. In the step of implementing coverage, a crown projection region of a planted tree is used as the coverage range and a distance which is 2 times to 3 times of the diameter of a plant pit is used as the coverage region of a newly planted tree; before covering, the weeding and irrigation are carried out in the coverage region and the sterilization treatment is carried out on a covering material; and during the coverage construction, the mulch is covered around by taking a trunk as the center to form a covering layer, the covering layer is at a distance of 10 to 25cm from the base part of the trunk and the covering layer has the thickness of 5 to 10cm. Due to the implementation of the method, when the nutrition is provided for the tree, the tree is ensured healthy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of using method of wooden Organic ground surface mulch.
Background technology
At present, along with the quickening of urbanization process, Urban Ecology Environment Construction more and more receives publicity and strengthens.Urban forests is as lived infrastructure in city, and the effect in improving urban ecological environment quality, safeguarding urban ecological security is day by day paid close attention to and payes attention to." allow forest come into ，Rang city, city and embrace forest " and become in domestic and international Development of Urbanization the theme of city ecology construction.
Due to for a long time, China urban green space has that timbered soil is of low quality, timbered soil is exposed and the forest structure pattern is single by the tall grass of filling with, is covered, and the problems such as accesibility reduction, be unfavorable for that forest quality improves and the forest function improvement.Carry out forest land and cover, improve soil regime and create the enterable forest space of resident simultaneously, become one of important directions of urban forestry construction.
At present, forest land covers has both at home and abroad become management way in forest land commonly used, and the increased surface covering of using mainly contains two large types: inorganic increased surface covering and Organic ground surface mulch.Stone, gravel are the most frequently used inorganic increased surface covering types.Inorganic increased surface covering maintenance cost is low, and not perishable, but can make the soil aeration variation, affects arboreal growth.Organic ground surface mulch is a kind of covering material more prevailing during current Cities of Foreign Countries earth's surface covers, and it can continuously carry various organic nutritioies for urban forests, and can greatly alleviate the adverse effect that environment-stress causes arboreal growth.The urban forests of take is pruned the wooden Organic ground surface mulch that the brush wood manage and protect generation etc. is raw material production and just progressively is applied, and is a kind of way of Forestry Circulation Economy.Yet unscientific using method does not only have the protection forest, promotes the effect of growing that make on the contrary forest endangered by damage by disease and insect, rodent grows, and the health status of forest reduces, forest effect descends.
Summary of the invention
The technical assignment of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention and proposition is that the prior art scheme is improved and improved, and a kind of using method of wooden Organic ground surface mulch is provided, and take to reach guaranteeing the Health of Tree purpose when trees provide nutrient.For this reason, the present invention takes following technical scheme.
1, the using method of wooden Organic ground surface mulch is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) organic covering scene is investigated step, for the climate characteristic of understanding the area of coverage, characteristics on the spot;
2) cover material and cover time determining step, determine cover material and cover time according to organic covering scene;
3) implement to cover step, comprise that definite coverage, the area of coverage are prepared and the covering construction; The tree crown projected area of the trees that field planting is good is coverage, and the wood of newly planting trees is usingd 2-3 times of plant pit diametral distance as the area of coverage; Before covering, to area of coverage weeding and irrigation, to the cladding material sterilization treatment; While covering construction, covering covers towards periphery centered by trunk, and cover layer leaves butt 10-25cm, and overburden cover is 5-10cm.
Covering is selected suitable organic mat kind according to the actual conditions that cover place and covering purpose.Most wooden Organic ground surface mulchs are slant acidity, are preferably used in growing plants earth's surface on Acid soil; Select specific quality and color, reach unified with surrounding enviroment and style tone; Pavement, slope and easily be subject to runoff and the zone of large wind effect, consider high density or oarse-grained cladding material; In addition, different tree species cladding material is also had to certain selectivity, some seeds produces bad reaction after can decomposing cladding material, for responsive seeds, should first pass through preliminary experimental examination, then large scale application.Cover and substantially be not subject to the restriction of time, service time, quite flexible, almost can be used covering in any time of arboreal growth.Need before use the cladding material sterilization treatment, to guarantee germ and sick worm, can not propagate into again from covering the plant of other healthy growths; Covering covers towards periphery and forms cover layer centered by trunk, cover layer leaves butt 10-25cm, avoids piling up with being intended to butt because of wooden Organic ground surface mulch, causes damage by disease and insect, when especially base portion has wound, cause bark to rot, until whole strain death.Overburden cover is 5-10cm, the city that grow the rainy seasons such as its central and east and south is with 5-7cm, the city that the rainfall such as western part and North City is less, with 7-10cm, be advisable, blocked uply cause that permeability reduces, rots, disease and insect pest, coverage effect is not obvious to cover deficiency, does not have the purpose that suppresses weeds, regulates temp. and humidity.
As the further of technique scheme improved and supplement, the present invention also comprises following additional technical feature.
After implementing covering, the management after need to being covered, comprise nutrient management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, the rodent injury prevention to the area of coverage and supplement in time and add covering.The wooden Organic ground surface mulch in city itself is the Forestry Circulation Economy way of " knowledge nature " trees dry branches and fallen leaves natural process, has non-maintaining or few characteristics that just can play a role of safeguarding.Yet the rear management of suitable covering can better improve coverage effect, promote wooden Organic ground surface mulch to bring into play its function, and reduce to large extent the negative effect that unreasonable covering brings.
When diseases and pests controlling comprises physics, mechanical system control phytopathogen, adopt the covering become thoroughly decomposed, this covering is moved apart to trunk simultaneously; When the control covering is propagated Mycophyta, adopt the covering become thoroughly decomposed, and soak into to increase humidity minimizing generation; Control during slime molds, adopts the covering become thoroughly decomposed, to the covering removal of stirring or spray water; During pest control, to the corruption of covering high temperature nuclear reactor, and the covering after adopting vegetation on the spot disconnected broken or the covering of elite tree after disconnected broken.
Cover time is determined: the plant that field planting has well been grown covered before improvements and weeds rudiment in early spring; Perennial seedbed covers after ground temperature rises fully; During for adjusting ground temperature in winter, covering before late fall, soil started freezing but the coldest temperature arrival.
Local average rainfall is determined overburden cover, and the regional coverage layer thickness that rainfall is large is less than the area that rainfall is little.East and south wait rainy season long city with 5-7cm, and the city that the rainfalls such as western part and North City are less, be advisable with 7-10cm, blocked uply cause that permeability reduces, and cause rotten, disease and insect pest, and coverage effect is not obvious for the covering deficiency.
The nutrient management comprises that results of regular determination area of coverage soil nutrient status is to supplement in time soil nutrient.The nutrient management can supplement soil nutrient in time, and especially wooden Organic ground surface mulch is introduced a large amount of carbon, may cause that nitrogen lacks so should supplement in time.
Covering is the covering that multiple wood particulate mixes and high temperature becomes thoroughly decomposed.Complementary advantage with between the performance cover material, improve coverage effect.
Beneficial effect: the present invention makes the use of wooden Organic ground surface mulch more simplify, facilitate, and covers efficiency and effect and is improved, and environmental pollution reduces, and health status and the function and benefit of forest improve.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention uses schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention includes following steps, as shown in Figure 1:
1) organic covering scene is investigated step, and application scenarios can be the Recreational activities places such as the forestry development places such as plant pit, flower bed, orchard, nursery, pavement, driveway and sports center, can be also the ecological construction such as side slope, embankment and ecological recovery on the spot.Before formulating the covering scheme, carry out on-site survey to place, record in detail the climate characteristic of the area of coverage, characteristics and utilize direction etc. on the spot;
2) cover material and cover time determining step, select suitable organic mat kind according to the actual conditions that cover place and covering purpose, and most wooden Organic ground surface mulchs are slant acidity, are preferably used in growing plants earth's surface on Acid soil; Select specific quality and color, reach unified with surrounding enviroment and style tone; Pavement, slope and easily be subject to runoff and the zone of large wind effect, consider high density or oarse-grained cladding material; In addition, different tree species cladding material is also had to certain selectivity, some seeds produces bad reaction after can decomposing cladding material, for responsive seeds, should first pass through preliminary experimental examination, then large scale application.Cover and substantially be not subject to the restriction of time, service time, quite flexible, almost can be used covering in any time of arboreal growth.The concrete time covered is depended on the desired target of the hope wooden organic mat of use.The plant that field planting has well been grown, suitable early spring low temperature rise, cover before the weeds rudiment; Perennial seedbed will be covered as after ground temperature rises fully again; Take that to regulate winter ground temperature be purpose, late fall soil start freezing but the coldest temperature and carry out before arriving, easily become the resisting cold place of rodent too early; Check in time and supplement according to the rotten speed of wooden organic cladding material;
3) implement to cover step, comprise that definite coverage, the area of coverage are prepared and the covering construction;
the first stepdetermine coverage, take the tree crown projected area as coverage, more wide better, the mass-planting trees cover and expand the coverage area as far as possible; The tree crown upright projection district of the trees that field planting is good is the suitable area of coverage; For delimiting on every side 2-3 times of plant pit diametral distance at the wood of newly planting trees as the area of coverage; Avoid turf-mown machine or other forestry jumboes often deeply as far as possible; Also can, according to the view needs, determine coverage; The facility places such as Nearby Structure are not used wooden Organic ground surface mulch;
the second step overlay areaprepare, wooden periphery of newly planting trees shovels out lawn or weeds with spade, and the trees periphery suggestion that field planting is good is removed weeds or Nei lawn, overlay area with the weed killer herbicide of suitable concn and kind, notes avoiding injuring tree root; Irrigated covering point and even the area of coverage, kept soil moisture content preferably;
the 3rd step is coveredthe lid construction, need before use to quarantine and sterilization treatment, to guarantee germ and sick worm, can not propagate into from covering the plant of other healthy growths again; As shown in Figure 2, wooden Organic ground surface mulch 2 is spread out centered by trunk 1, covering 2 will leave trunk 1 base portion 15-20cm; Cladding thickness reaches 5-10cm, the maximum outside diameter 3 in the tree crown upright projection district that area of coverage external diameter is the trees that field planting is good; Should delimit on every side 2-3 times of plant pit diametral distance as the area of coverage for the wood of newly planting trees; Its central and east and south wait rainy season long city with 5-7cm, and the city that the rainfalls such as western part and North City are less, be advisable with 7-10cm, blocked uply cause that permeability reduces, and cause rotten, disease and insect pest, and coverage effect is not obvious for the covering deficiency;
4) management process after the covering, comprise nutrient management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, the rodent injury prevention to the area of coverage and supplement in time and add covering
, one,nutrient is managed, and the annual soil nutrient status of measuring, supplement soil nutrient in time, and especially wooden Organic ground surface mulch is introduced a large amount of carbon, may cause that nitrogen lacks so should supplement in time;
two,the extermination of disease and insect pest, physics and mechanical control are main, carry out in case of necessity medical treatment, for propagating phytopathogen, take to use the organic mat and the organic coating layer that become thoroughly decomposed to leave the measures such as trunk; Except the organic mat that use is become thoroughly decomposed, saturable to increase humidity minimizing generation for Mycophyta; For slime molds, on the organic mat basis that can become thoroughly decomposed in use, with the rake removal of stirring or spray water.Avoid termite damage, should be noted that organic mat is away from positions such as building foundation, track and windowsills; Avoid other insect pests, except harmful insect and worm's ovum are killed in the high temperature nuclear reactor corruption, directly pulverize to cover and need to accomplish to cover on the spot or the elite tree covering as far as possible, avoid intersecting and propagate;
three,the prevention of rodent injury, organic coating layer leaves trunk, and disposable covering can not be crossed thickness.Four, supplement and dose in time, the rotten situation of the wooden Organic ground surface mulch of running check, supplement and dose in time.
Complementary advantage between the performance cover material, improve coverage effect, reduces damage by disease and insect, and covering adopts the covering that multiple wood particulate mixes and high temperature becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Specific embodiment.
1. cover the some overview
Zhejiang Forestry Development Co., Ltd nursery is positioned at the little and mountain Higher Education Zone of Xihu District of Hangzhou City.Particular location is No. 399, Xihu District of Hangzhou City Liu He road.The nursery lot of self-sow of take is contrast, has carried out the laying work of wooden Organic ground surface mulch.In nursery, have the field planting crape myrtle of 3 years (
lagerstromia indica), yulan magnolia (
magnolia denudata) etc., also have the camellia of newly planting (
camellia reticulata lindl).The nursery physical features is smooth, and draining is good.
2. cover material and time
Wooden Organic ground surface mulch is loose squama, fiery sour jujube, yulan, Luan Shu, Chinese ash, the Elaeocarpus decipiens Organic ground surface mulch that Zhejiang Prov. Forest Science Inst processes and became thoroughly decomposed.The field planting tree cover time is in July, 2009 and in March, 2010.
3. overwrite procedure
Coverage, the tree crown projected area of crape myrtle and yulan magnolia is coverage; It is the area of coverage that new cultivation camellia delimited diameter 50cm zone on every side.The area of coverage is cut weeds with spade, and irrigated.Concrete overlapping operation is: the wooden Organic ground surface mulch become thoroughly decomposed is spread out centered by trunk, and covering will leave butt 15cm; Cladding thickness reaches 5cm.
4. the management after covering
Measure soil nutrient situation and standing forest health status, carry out in time dosing of fertilising and wooden Organic ground surface mulch supplementary.Monitor covering benefit, show and compare with the vegetation of not laying Organic ground surface mulch, wooden Organic ground surface mulch has been brought into play obvious improvement soil, has been promoted the effect (table 1) that forest survives.
The wooden Organic ground surface mulch laying effect of table 1
Annotate: the average effect that * is multiple material
Claims (3)
1. the using method of wooden Organic ground surface mulch is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) organic covering scene is investigated step, for the climate characteristic of understanding the area of coverage, characteristics on the spot;
2) cover material and cover time determining step, determine cover material and cover time according to organic covering scene, and covering is the covering that multiple wood particulate mixes and high temperature becomes thoroughly decomposed;
3) implement to cover step, comprise that definite coverage, the area of coverage are prepared and the covering construction; The tree crown projected area of the trees that field planting is good is coverage, and the wood of newly planting trees is usingd 2-3 times of plant pit diametral distance as the area of coverage; Before covering, to area of coverage weeding and irrigation, to the cladding material sterilization treatment; While covering construction, covering covers and forms cover layer towards periphery centered by trunk, and cover layer leaves butt 10-25cm, and overburden cover is 5-10cm;
4) management process after the covering, comprise nutrient management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, the rodent injury prevention to the area of coverage and supplement in time and add covering; Diseases and pests controlling comprises physics, mechanical system; During the control phytopathogen, adopt the covering become thoroughly decomposed, this covering is moved apart to trunk simultaneously; When the control covering is propagated Mycophyta, adopt the covering become thoroughly decomposed, and soak into to increase humidity minimizing generation; Control during slime molds, adopts the covering become thoroughly decomposed, to the covering removal of stirring or spray water; During pest control, to the corruption of covering high temperature nuclear reactor, and the covering after adopting vegetation on the spot disconnected broken or the covering of elite tree after disconnected broken; Nutrient management comprises that results of regular determination area of coverage soil nutrient status introduces a large amount of carbon because of wooden Organic ground surface mulch and cause nitrogen disappearance
to supplement in time soil nutrient, to supplement in time.
2. the using method of wooden Organic ground surface mulch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cover time is determined, the plant that field planting has well been grown, early spring get warm again after a cold spell and the weeds rudiment before cover; Perennial seedbed covers after ground temperature rises fully; During for adjusting ground temperature in winter, covering before late fall, soil started freezing but the coldest temperature arrival.
3. the using method of wooden Organic ground surface mulch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: local average rainfall is determined overburden cover, the regional coverage layer thickness that rainfall is large is less than the area that rainfall is little.
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| CN 201110367056 CN102499007B (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-11-18 | Using method of wooden organic ground surface mulch |
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| CN201110089687 | 2011-04-11 | ||
| CN201110089687.7 | 2011-04-11 | ||
| CN 201110367056 CN102499007B (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-11-18 | Using method of wooden organic ground surface mulch |
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| CN102499007B true CN102499007B (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104982265A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-10-21 | 沈阳市园林科学研究院 | Tree pond soil moisturizing coverage method |
| CN106396920A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 华艺生态园林股份有限公司 | Manufacture method of organic ground surface mulch for garden trees |
| CN110178615A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-30 | 海口路氏肥业有限公司 | A kind of application method of (plantation is used) half matrix covering |
| CN111406462B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-09-07 | 广州隆盛景观建设有限公司 | Method for improving soil by garden organic mulch |
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2011
- 2011-11-18 CN CN 201110367056 patent/CN102499007B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 国外城市有机地表覆盖物应用研究概况;黄利斌等;《林业科技开发》;20081231;第2卷(第6期);第5页第2栏第32行到第6页第1栏第9行,第6页第22－37行 * |
| 有机地表覆盖物在城市林业建设中的应用价值;王成等;《应用生态学报》;20051130;第16卷(第16期);第2215页第1栏第20－41行 * |
| 王成等.有机地表覆盖物在城市林业建设中的应用价值.《应用生态学报》.2005,第16卷(第16期), |
| 黄利斌等.国外城市有机地表覆盖物应用研究概况.《林业科技开发》.2008,第2卷(第6期), |
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