CN102395283A - 全谷物速食面食 - Google Patents
全谷物速食面食 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
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- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/13—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using water or steam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/109—Types of pasta, e.g. macaroni or noodles
- A23L7/113—Parboiled or instant pasta
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- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P30/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
- A23P30/20—Extruding
- A23P30/25—Co-extrusion of different foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
本发明涉及全谷物速食面食和脱水的食物组合物,所述组合物包括该面食。本发明也涉及在制备所述速食面食中全谷物粗粒面粉的用途和制备所述面食的方法,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%的颗粒尺寸小于400微米的颗粒。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及全谷物速食面食(wholegrain instant pasta)和脱水的食物组合物,所述组合物包括该面食。本发明也涉及在制备所述速食面食中全谷物粗粒面粉(semolina)的用途和制备所述面食的方法,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%的颗粒尺寸小于400微米的颗粒。
发明背景
近年来,由于当今有健康意识的消费者想要从他们喜爱的食物中得到最大的营养价值,已经证明在身心健康运动中全谷物和高纤维食物是最有前途的趋势之一。然而,尽管对全谷物和纤维消费的积极态度渐增,个体仍未满足他们的消费目标。这主要是由于味道限制。
全谷物由植物的完整谷物种子组成,包括麸、胚芽和胚乳。一般认为谷物的麸和胚芽成分富含纤维、维生素、矿物质、抗氧化剂和健康脂肪。通常并且为了弥补不好的味道,在精炼过程中移除这些部分,剩余高能量但是相对营养贫乏的谷物的胚乳部分。
因此在市场上相当多食物产品并非100%全谷物产品,而是其中因为味道原因已经移除了谷物的一部分。
面食能够是完美的全谷物载体。然而,传统的全谷物碾磨方法质地有严重的影响(含沙,粗糙),并迄今为止阻止了短烹饪变形体的发展,所述变形体能够与脱水食物产品(例如汤)组合使用。
在例如EP 0754410A1或WO 02/45526A2中已知短烹饪或速食面食。这些文件中描述的制备方法涉及挤压和预烹饪技术。然而,这些文件无一描述全谷物产品的制备并且实际上看来市场当前缺乏如此全谷物速食面食。
发明目的
因此有需开发速食或短烹饪全谷物面食。
发明概述
通过独立权利要求解决此目的。从属权利要求还发展发明的中心想法。
因此,在第一个方面中,本发明涉及包括至少50%全谷物粗粒面粉的干燥速食面食和包含所述干燥速食面食的脱水食物组合物,所述全谷物粗粒面粉中至少95%的粗粒面粉颗粒的尺寸小于400微米。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及全谷物粗粒面粉在速食面食组合物制备中的用途,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%的颗粒尺寸小于400微米的颗粒。
最后,制备速食面食的方法也构成本发明的部分,所述方法包括步骤:
a.把全谷物粗粒面粉至少和水混合,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%的颗粒尺寸小于400微米的颗粒。
b.通过厚度最多为0.6mm的挤压模具挤压混合物以给出挤压块(extruded mass)和
c.预烹饪挤压块以给出所述速食面食。
本发明详述
除非另有指明,本说明书中的全部百分数为基于干物质基础的以重量计的百分数。“干物质基础”意思参照本发明最终的干燥面食组合物。
本发明涉及干燥面食组合物。面食理解为主要由小麦制备的未发酵的揉制和挤压的面团组合物。面食区别于面条,因为面条基于具有更低蛋白质含量的面粉并且并非通过挤压形成而是通过压片和切割或拉伸(形成)。
本发明的面食包括至少50%全谷物粗粒面粉。粗粒面粉定义为碾磨的小麦产品。其一般指粗糙碾磨的小麦粗麦粉。使用的小麦可为硬粒小麦(durum wheat)、硬质小麦(hard wheat)、软质小麦(soft wheat)等。优选地,其为硬粒小麦。
“全谷物”意为谷物完整的、磨细的、有裂缝的或成片剥落的颖果,其主要的结构成分-含淀粉的胚乳、胚芽和麸以与它们存在于完整颖果中时相同的相对比例存在。因此,全谷物粗粒面粉以下述比例包括小麦的麸、胚芽和胚乳,所述比例与完整小麦相同。
与若干声称为全谷物但通过脱壳和研磨小麦生产,因而消除了麸的产品不同,本发明的面食用真正的“全谷物”粗粒面粉制备并因而为消费者提供已知的谷物以其完成形式所赋予的很多优势和健康益处。
通过测量全谷物粗粒面粉中纤维和灰分的量,可能确定产品中使用的粗粒面粉是否是本发明意义上的全谷物,或是加工期间是否移除了谷物的某些部分。例如通过使用AOAC985.29方法技术人员将能够测量纤维含量。由ISO方法通过例如热灰化,技术人员也将能够测量灰分含量。
在本面食中,至少95%的粗粒面粉颗粒尺寸小于400微米。优选地,至少99%的粗粒面粉颗粒尺寸小于400微米。
在优选的实施方案中,至少95%,优选地至少99%的粗粒面粉颗粒尺寸小于350微米。能够通过多级碾磨方法获得如此粗粒面粉。也能够例如以SnowWheat的名称从Kampffmeyer Food Innovation Gmbh商业获得。
能够由ISO方法通过筛分析测量粗粒面粉颗粒尺寸。
如本发明中所用的此类均匀地碾磨的粗粒面粉在全谷物面食生产方面提供了许多优势。实际上,本发明人发现通过使用此类粗粒面粉,能够无技术困难地生产适合速食应用的全谷物面食,所述困难在使用传统碾磨的全谷物粗粒面粉时通常遇到。
实际上,与标准硬粒小麦粗粒面粉相反地,传统碾磨的100%全谷物粗粒面粉一般包括不均匀颗粒分布,所述不均的颗粒分布相当的比例来自尺寸大于1000微米的麸(bran)。特别地当生产薄壁面食,例如速食面食时这能够导致挤压机(extruder)堵塞。
根据本发明使用均匀碾磨的全谷物粗粒面粉的其它优势包括最终面食感官性质的改善。实际上,已经发现面食的质地比传统的全谷物面食更有吸引力。额外地,已经发现根据本发明获得的面食的贮存期限和稳定性也被相当大地提高。
本发明的面食优选地包括至少70%,更优选地至少80%,甚至更优选地至少90%全谷物粗粒面粉。
在优选的实施方案中,存在于面食中的全谷物粗粒面粉的量代表至少90%,优选地至少95%面食淀粉含量。最优选地,它代表100%面食淀粉含量。因为没有另外的淀粉源存在并且麸、胚芽和胚乳的比例与完整小麦谷物中相同,此类面食能够被有利地标注为“100%全谷物”。
本发明的面食为速食面食。速食面食,也被称为短烹饪面食,由制备时间表征,当在开水中烹饪或浸泡时所述制备时间最多为5分钟。因此,此类干燥面食比传统干燥面食具有短得多的烹饪时间,所述传统干燥面食在开水中烹饪需要5分钟以上,通常约8-12分钟。
速食面食由部分凝胶化的淀粉基质表征。这是由于所述面食的制备中使用的预烹饪步骤。
本发明的面食也可由最多0.6mm的壁厚度表征。此类壁厚度有助于面食的速食特征。实际上,在随后的烹饪步骤中此类薄壁相当大地减少了烹饪持续时间。例如面食可有空心横截面或可为扁平的或为螺旋或rollini形状。
本发明的面食是干燥的。因此,面食优选水含量最多为10%,更优选最多为5%。
本发明面食的其他成分可包括蛋,小麦、面筋(gluten)和来自谷类例如燕麦的麸,等等。优选地,如果存在,这些其它成分以3-30%的量包含在本面食中。
本发明中,面食优选地包括至少1%灰分含量。通常地,灰分含量为1.2-1.8%。
本发明的面食优选地包括至少8%纤维,通常地约9-10%。
本发明的面食特别适合用于脱水食物应用。因此,包括根据本发明的干燥速食面食的脱水食物组合物也形成本发明的部分。
脱水食物组合物意为能够用水重构的组合物。此类食物组合物可选自例如汤或基于面食的膳食。当烹饪或用热水重构时,此类脱水食物组合物优选具有的最大制备时间为5分钟。
本发明另一个方面涉及全谷物粗粒面粉在制备速食面食中的用途,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%,优选至少99%颗粒尺寸小于400微米,优选小于350微米的颗粒。
优选地速食面食包括至少50%,更优选地至少70%,甚至更优选地至少80%,最优选地至少90%全谷物粗粒面粉。
在优选的实施方案中,存在于面食中的全谷物粗粒面粉的量代表至少90%,优选至少95%的面食淀粉含量。最优选地,它代表100%的面食淀粉含量。
制备速食面食的方法也是本发明的部分。本发明的方法包括第一步,即将全谷物粗粒面粉至少和水混合,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%,优选地至少99%颗粒尺寸小于400微米,优选小于350微米的颗粒。
可由本领域任意已知方法进行混合。使用的粗粒面粉的量优选使得得到的速食面食包括至少50%,更优选地至少70%,甚至更优选地至少80%,最优选地至少90%全谷物粗粒面粉。
将全谷物粗粒面粉与水以及任选地与其它成分混合,所述成分选自蛋、小麦、面筋、来自谷类例如燕麦的麸,等等。一般地以使得它们不超过速食面食的30%,优选地10%,更优选地5%的量添加此类成分。
随后将混合物挤压通过厚度最多为0.6mm的挤压模具以给出挤压块。模具可在几何学上大幅变化但将提供壁厚度最多为0.6mm的面食。优选地在室温实施挤压步骤。挤压温度一般为45-55℃之间。
在最后步骤中,预烹饪挤压块。可由例如在水中煮(boiling)或蒸挤压块实施此类预烹饪步骤。术语“预烹饪”意为仅仅部分烹饪面食使得淀粉基质非完全凝胶化。一般地,由煮或蒸挤压块少于5分钟实施预烹饪步骤。随后可将预烹饪的块干燥以形成根据本发明的干燥速食面食。
用非限制性实例在本文的下文中阐述本发明。
实施例
本发明的干燥速食面食的典型组成如下表所显示:
实施例3
在下表对比本发明中使用的全谷物粗粒面粉颗粒和由传统碾磨方法获得的全谷物粗粒面粉颗粒的典型颗粒尺寸分布。
Claims (15)
1.包括至少50%全谷物粗粒面粉的干燥速食面食,其中至少95%的粗粒面粉颗粒具有小于400微米的尺寸。
2.根据权利要求1的速食面食,其中面食组合物包括至少70%,优选地至少80%,更优选地至少90%全谷物粗粒面粉。
3.根据权利要求1或2的速食面食,所述面食具有的水含量最多10%,优选地最多5%。
4.根据权利要求1到3的任一项的速食面食,其中面食具有最多0.6mm的壁厚度。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项的速食面食,其中面食组合物还包括选自蛋、小麦、面筋、来自谷类例如燕麦的麸的成分。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项的速食面食,其中面食包括至少1%灰分含量。
7.根据前述权利要求任一项的速食面食,其中面食包括至少8%纤维。
8.包括前述权利要求任一项的干燥速食面食的脱水食物组合物。
9.根据权利要求8的脱水食物组合物,其选自汤或基于面食的膳食。
10.全谷物粗粒面粉在制备速食面食中的用途,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%的具有小于400微米的颗粒尺寸的颗粒。
11.根据权利要求10的用途,其中速食面食组合物包括至少50%,优选地至少70%,更优选地至少80%,甚至更优选地至少90%全谷物粗粒面粉。
12.制备速食面食的方法,其包括步骤:
a.将全谷物粗粒面粉至少和水混合,所述全谷物粗粒面粉具有至少95%的颗粒尺寸小于400微米的颗粒,
b.将混合物挤压通过具有的厚度最多0.6mm的挤压模具以给出挤压块和
c.预烹饪挤压块以给出所述速食面食。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其中速食面食包括至少50%,优选地至少70%,更优选地至少80%,甚至更优选地至少90%全谷物粗粒面粉。
14.根据权利要求12或13的方法,其中在室温实施挤压步骤。
15.根据权利要求12到14的任一项的方法,其中通过煮或蒸挤压块少于5分钟来进行预烹饪。
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EP09158132A EP2241193A1 (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2009-04-17 | Wholegrain instant pasta |
EP09158132.2 | 2009-04-17 | ||
PCT/EP2010/054562 WO2010118974A1 (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2010-04-07 | Wholegrain instant pasta |
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CN102395283B CN102395283B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
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US (1) | US20120040079A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2241193A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102395283B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2010237268B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI1016153B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2758476A1 (zh) |
CL (1) | CL2011002560A1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2418966T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2442620T3 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL215505A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2011010648A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY154022A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ595570A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2418966T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2418966E (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2555480C2 (zh) |
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CN103892208A (zh) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-07-02 | 安徽省怀宁县顶雪食品有限公司 | 一种高纤维方便面及其制备方法 |
CN104304988A (zh) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-01-28 | 中粮营养健康研究院有限公司 | 一种全麦快煮面及其加工方法 |
JPWO2014157035A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-25 | 2017-02-16 | 日清フーズ株式会社 | 冷凍グラタンの製造方法 |
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JP2020089319A (ja) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | 株式会社コルノマカロニ | マカロニ類の製造方法 |
PL239926B1 (pl) * | 2019-07-18 | 2022-01-24 | Wytwornia Makaronu Domowego Pol Mak Spolka Akcyjna | Makaron o niskim indeksie glikemicznym |
JP7461124B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2024-04-03 | 日清製粉株式会社 | 麺類生地の製造方法 |
RU2747146C1 (ru) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-04-28 | Анна Анатольевна Родионова | Тесто для изготовления пельменей |
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- 2010-04-07 CN CN201080016855.3A patent/CN102395283B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-07 DK DK10715182.1T patent/DK2418966T3/da active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BRPI1016153A2 (pt) | 2015-09-01 |
MX2011010648A (es) | 2011-10-28 |
RU2555480C2 (ru) | 2015-07-10 |
UA108354C2 (uk) | 2015-04-27 |
IL215505A0 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
PT2418966E (pt) | 2014-01-09 |
WO2010118974A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
DK2418966T3 (da) | 2014-01-20 |
US20120040079A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
EP2418966A1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
RU2011146554A (ru) | 2013-05-27 |
PL2418966T3 (pl) | 2014-05-30 |
CL2011002560A1 (es) | 2012-02-17 |
IL215505A (en) | 2014-05-28 |
BRPI1016153B1 (pt) | 2017-10-31 |
NZ595570A (en) | 2013-10-25 |
EP2241193A1 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
CN102395283B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
CA2758476A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
ES2442620T3 (es) | 2014-02-12 |
AU2010237268B2 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
EP2418966B1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
MY154022A (en) | 2015-04-30 |
AU2010237268A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
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