CN102348894B - 挺杆 - Google Patents

挺杆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102348894B
CN102348894B CN201080011583.8A CN201080011583A CN102348894B CN 102348894 B CN102348894 B CN 102348894B CN 201080011583 A CN201080011583 A CN 201080011583A CN 102348894 B CN102348894 B CN 102348894B
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tappet
housing
bridge
radial extension
jut
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CN102348894A (zh
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斯特凡·多恩
诺伯特·盖耶
卡斯藤·库赫特
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Schaeffler Holding China Co Ltd
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/0404—Details, component parts specially adapted for such pumps
    • F04B27/0442—Supporting and guiding means for the pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/144—Adaptation of piston-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/22—Arrangements for enabling ready assembly or disassembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • F04B9/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0535—Single overhead camshafts [SOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/054—Camshafts in cylinder block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F01L2305/02—Mounting of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2307/00—Preventing the rotation of tappets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams
    • Y10T74/2107—Follower

Abstract

提出了一种挺杆(1)，所述挺杆(1)用于燃料高压泵，所述挺杆(1)具有壳体(2)，所述壳体(2)的用作凸轮碰撞部的驱动侧(7)内包括滚轮(8)，其中，壳体(2)的用作挺杆随动部件靠放部的从动侧(3)位于贯穿壳体(2)内壳套(5)的桥形件(6)的底侧(4)上，其中，超出壳体(2)外壳套(10)的抗扭转机构(11)分布在壳体(2)的窗口(9)中，所述抗扭转机构(11)由桥形件(6)的径向延长部形成，其中，在挺杆(1)的内壳套(5)上，仅在与窗口(9)在直径上相对置的部段上分布有由冲压-压印过程制成的、一体式结合的突起部，所述突起部朝向驱动侧的方向呈楔形升高，并且其中，由钢片构成的桥形件(6)以其与径向延长部(12)在直径上相对置的部段(13)经突起部(15)扣合，并且以其底侧(4)的边缘区域(14)置于突起部(15)上。

Description

挺杆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种挺杆，所述挺杆要么用于定性调节式或定量调节式内燃机的燃料高压泵，要么用于定性调节式或定量调节式内燃机的气门机构，所述挺杆具有壳体，所述壳体的用作凸轮碰撞部或偏心轮碰撞部的驱动侧内包括滚轮或滑动面，其中，壳体的用作挺杆随动部件靠放部的从动侧位于贯穿壳体内壳套的桥形件的底侧上，其中，超出壳体外壳套的抗扭转机构在壳体的窗口中分布，所述抗扭转机构由桥形件的径向延长部形成。
背景技术
这样的挺杆(在这里用于对燃料泵的泵活塞进行冲程操作)可从DE102006057246A1中得出。壳体桥形件的径向延长部被用作用于挺杆壳体的抗扭转机构，所述径向延长部伸出壳体的窗口(参见图1a-1c)。所述桥形件在朝向从动侧的方向上被保持在环形元件上，所述环形元件安置在分布于外周的自壳体内壳套中伸出的凸鼻上。
基于单独的保持环以及环绕式凸鼻，材料开支和装配开支估计会提高。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务在于，完成一种前述类型的挺杆，在这种挺杆中，消除了所述及的不利之处。
按照本发明，该任务以如下方式得以解决，即，在挺杆的内壳套上，仅在与窗口在直径上相对置的部段上分布有通过冲压-压印过程制成的、单件式结合的突起部，所述突起部在朝向驱动侧的方向上呈楔形升高，其中，由钢片构成的桥形件以其与径向延长部在直径上相对置的部段经突起部扣合，并且以其底侧的边缘区域置于所述突起部上。
由此，存在如下的挺杆，其中，开头介绍的不利之处被消除。由此，扣合到突起部后面的桥形件在朝向从动侧方向上受到在窗口中和凸台上的两点式支承。必要时，同样能以与窗口相对置的方式加设两个略微间隔开的凸鼻。由于取消了根据现有技术的单独的保持环，部件数及装配开支得以减小。在挺杆的制成状态下，也就是在硬化过程和磨削过程之后，装配桥形件，并且该桥形件最终略有余隙地分布在其轴向引导部内部。
前面提到的挺杆(提出作为滚轮挺杆或滑动挺杆)可以例如由在其驱动侧的凸轮加以操作，所述凸轮置于内燃机气门机构的凸轮轴的端面侧上(泵挺杆)。然而，也可考虑并提出，在内燃机任意的轴(如平衡轴或曲轴)上加设产生冲程的机构(泵挺杆)。在将挺杆应用于内燃机气门机构中的情况下，所述挺杆可以与置于上方或下方的凸轮轴的凸轮相关联。
桥形件的装配可以考虑得很容易。由此，在大批量生产下的制造成本可被减低。在此，桥形件以其优选一体地分布于其上的径向延长部前伸超出壳体的从动侧端面地引导，并以其径向延长部插入到相应窗口中。接下来，桥形件以其与径向延长部在直径上相对置的侧，经从壳体内壳套中伸出的突起部扣合/卡位，并实现了靠置于在壳体中在直径上相互对置的平台(Flach)的底侧。
前面提到的扣合突起部例如可以通过简单的冲压-压印过程来形成。必要时，也可以加设单独的扣合凸鼻。此外，也可考虑并设置为，布置多个在外周分布的扣合突起部。
最后提及的平台具有加固功能，并用于栓的布置，用作凸轮或偏心轮接触配对件的滑动支承或滚动支承的滚轮在所述栓上运行。
带有用于实现抗扭转机构的指形附件的桥形件可由板材经冲压、压印及弯曲而成。必要时，也可以考虑并设置另选的材料，如塑料或复合材料。桥形件的靠置在平台底侧上的上侧可以适当地跟随所述最后提到的底侧的型廓。于是，桥形件可以略微呈圆柱形地构造，这此外有助于加固。
按照本发明的另一提案，从桥形件竖起的抗扭转机构可以在其端面侧进行另外的加工。于是提出，以如下方式赋予引导附件以更大的引导长度，即，对所述引导附件在端面侧进行镦锻、拉延、弯曲、压印等类似加工。
另一提案涉及如下所述，即，在桥形件的径向延长部的端面侧中，固定有单独的构件，如销或管部段。最后提及的构件例如可以通过挤压、钎焊、熔焊等方法与桥形件相连接，并同样扩大了装入时槽中的引导长度。
最后，另一从属权利要求涉及如下内容，即，壳体由价廉物美的轻质结构材料(如钢片)例如经深拉技术来制造。由此，另外还有助于降低成本。
附图说明
本发明适当地结合附图得到进一步阐述。
其中：
·图1以分解图示示出按照本发明的挺杆；
·图2以组装状态示出按照图1的挺杆；
·图3以挺杆的突起部的区域示出挺杆的内壳套的放大视图，以及
·图4至7示出具有另选的径向延长部构造方案的桥形件。
具体实施方式
示出了挺杆1，在这里作为燃料高压泵的凸轮的对行件。挺杆1由基本上呈圆柱形的壳体构成，所述壳体由薄壁钢片制成，所述壳体具有从动侧3及驱动侧7。壳体2在其驱动侧7由驱动侧端面17来界定。所述壳体具有两个伸至端面17的并且在直径上相互对置的平台18。在每个平台18上加设有轴承孔19。如图1、2所示地，栓20在端侧置于轴承孔19中，而滚动支承的滚轮8在所述栓上运行。滚轮8与燃料泵的图中未绘出的凸轮相关联。
此外还示出，壳体2的内壳套5被桥形件6贯穿。桥形件6被构造成薄壁片材构件，并具有用于实现抗扭转机构11的指状径向延长部12。
壳体2具有窗口9，桥形件6的径向延长部12从所述窗口9伸出。在此，一方面，桥形件6朝向驱动侧端面17的方向靠置在平台18的底侧16上。另一方面，桥形件6以如下部段13的边缘区域14扣合到壳体2的内壳套5的突起部15后方，所述部段13与径向延长部12相对置。至少一个突起部15例如以冲压部/压印部来实现。
显然的是，通过为实现抗扭转机构11而将径向延长部12与桥形件6一体式连接，以及通过同时将桥形件6简单地轴向固定在突起部15上以及平台18的底侧16上，而完成了成本低廉的挺杆1。通过桥形件6的窗口式嵌接及其在突起部15上的支承，完成了对于桥形件6非常简单的防脱失机构。此外，挺杆1在其构件数方面也要比依照现有技术的挺杆有所减少。
图4至7示出径向延长部12的外端面21的特殊构造方案。于是，按照图4，外端面21可例如被镦锻，从而给出更大的引导长度。在按照图5的构造方案中设置为，将单独的插件23被固定在外端面21上。与周围材料中引导槽的接触面同样可以按照图6通过拉延过程或者按照图7通过折弯而得以扩大。
附图标记列表
1)挺杆
2)壳体
3)从动侧
4)底侧
5)内壳套
6)桥形件
7)驱动侧
8)滚轮
9)窗口
10)外壳套
11)抗扭转机构
12)径向延长部
13)部段
14)边缘区域
15)突起部
16)底侧
17)驱动侧端面
18)平台
19)轴承孔
20)栓
20a)上侧
21)外端面
22)引导附件
23)插件

Claims (10)

1.挺杆(1)，所述挺杆(1)用于燃料高压泵，所述挺杆(1)具有壳体(2)，所述壳体(2)的用作凸轮碰撞部或偏心轮碰撞部的驱动侧(7)内包括滚轮(8)或滑动面，其中，所述壳体(2)的用作挺杆随动部件靠放部的从动侧(3)位于贯穿所述壳体(2)内壳套(5)的桥形件(6)的底侧(4)上，其中，超出所述壳体(2)外壳套(10)的抗扭转机构(11)分布在所述壳体(2)的窗口中，所述抗扭转机构(11)由所述桥形件(6)的径向延长部形成，其特征在于，在所述挺杆(1)的内壳套(5)上，仅在与所述窗口在直径上相对置的部段上，分布有由冲压-压印过程制成的、一体式结合的突起部(15)，所述突起部(15)朝向所述驱动侧的方向呈楔形升高，其中，由钢片构成的所述桥形件(6)以所述桥形件的与所述径向延长部(12)在直径上相对置的部段(13)经所述突起部(15)扣合，并且以其底侧(4)的边缘区域(14)置于所述突起部(15)上。
2.按照权利要求1所述的挺杆，其特征在于，所述桥形件(6)朝向所述驱动侧(7)方向靠置在引入到所述壳体(2)外壳套(10)中的、在直径上相互对置的并且从所述壳体(2)驱动侧端面(17)出发的平台(18)上，其中，每个平台(18)具有轴承孔(19)，在所述轴承孔(19)中容纳有栓(20)，用以对所述滚轮(8)进行滚动支承或滑动支承。
3.按照权利要求2所述的挺杆，其特征在于，所述平台(18)的底侧(16)呈半壳罩状地存在于所述壳体(2)的内壳套(5)上，其中，所述桥形件(6)的上侧(20a)至少在所述平台(18)的所述底侧(16)的部段中与所述平台(18)互补。
4.按照权利要求1所述的挺杆，其特征在于，所述径向延长部(12)呈指形地存在，且与所述桥形件(6)一体式相连，并且所述径向延长部(12)在所述径向延长部的外端面(21)上过渡为在单侧或双侧垂直竖起的引导附件(22)。
5.按照权利要求4所述的挺杆，其特征在于，所述引导附件(22)通过镦锻、压印/拉延或弯曲的制造方法制成。
6.按照权利要求1的挺杆，其特征在于，所述径向延长部(12)在所述径向延长部的外端面(21)上设有单独的插件(23)。
7.按照权利要求6所述的挺杆，其特征在于，所述单独的插件(23)与所述外端面(21)相连。
8.按照权利要求1所述的挺杆，其特征在于，所述壳体(2)要么由钢片经深拉制成，要么以挤压成型技术制成。
9.按照权利要求6的挺杆，其特征在于，所述插件(23)是竖直立起的销或小管子。
10.按照权利要求6所述的挺杆，其特征在于，所述单独的插件(23)通过挤压、熔焊、粘接、钎焊的方法与所述外端面(21)相连。
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