CN102308720B - Double-layered growing method for lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions - Google Patents
Double-layered growing method for lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions Download PDFInfo
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- CN102308720B CN102308720B CN2011101910509A CN201110191050A CN102308720B CN 102308720 B CN102308720 B CN 102308720B CN 2011101910509 A CN2011101910509 A CN 2011101910509A CN 201110191050 A CN201110191050 A CN 201110191050A CN 102308720 B CN102308720 B CN 102308720B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-layered growing method for lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions. The method is characterized in that: grandifoliate lucern is adopted as a main grown variety, an annual associated plant variety, such as rape, oat or highland barley, is chosen, and by means of a orthogonal test design and sowing order (position), growing spacing, growing depth, amount of applied fertilizer and other technical measures, and by utilizing the concealing and protectin effect generated by the double-layered growing method for the lucern in mountainous areas on lucern seedlings, the double-layered growing method can increase the current survival rate of the lucern seedlings. The double-layered growing method can promote the success of desert grassland improvement and artificial pasture construction under the environmental conditions of arid mountainous areas, becomes an optimal technology portfolio for growing lucern at medium and high altitudes in mountainous areas of arid regions, and greatly increases the survival rate of lucern in desert grassland restoration and artificial pasture construction and the yield of currently grown lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions at the altitude of 3000 to 1800 meters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the double-deck method for planting of planting of mountain area, arid area clover, be specifically related to area, high altitude mountainous area desert meadow in Kun Lun Mountain, South Sinkiang, the Xinjiang north slope, the method for the double-deck plantation of mountain area clover.
Background technology
Xinjiang is that herding sparetime university economizes, owing to be located in innerland, the Eurasia, receives continental aridity climatic effect, and desert meadow, Xinjiang accounts for more than 42% of meadow, pastoral area area.Desert meadow, South Sinkiang area accounts for the meadow capable of using area 17.45% of full boundary, and mainly is distributed on the height of Kun Lun Mountain north slope height above sea level 1800-3000 rice, is local important winter range.The desert meadow is not only the Xinjiang various nationalities and is engaged in the material base that livestock breeding is produced, and has water conservation, checks winds and fixes drifting sand, conserves water and soil, regulated flow, maintains the stable huge effect of the oasis ecosystem.In recent years, the surge of oasis population and animal product price surging stimulated livestock breeding that the predatoriness of desert meadow living resources is asked for.The desert Grassland ecosystems are degenerated, the desertification development trend is very serious, directly affect the stable of the local animal husbandry production and the oasis ecosystem, have further aggravated area, South Sinkiang, Xinjiang man-land relationship's contradiction.
Settle down the enforcement of engineering along with national herdsman's resettlement; Artificial efficient forage grass ground construction and meadow recovery improvement become the herdsman and settle down the most important link of engineering; Area, desert meadow, mountain area becomes the vital area that improvement and development of man-made grasslands are recovered in the meadow with its light and heat condition and geographical position.The recovery of desert grassland vegetation not only can improve the bearing capacity on meadow with improvement; Increase the output and raising herdsman income of livestock products; And for the production and living conditions of improving oasis, South Sinkiang eco-environmental quality, poor village, change pastoral area, South Sinkiang; Change the mode of production that falls behind, accelerate to advance herdsman's resettlement to settle down and have great importance with pastoral area new countryside construction process.
The distribution area, desert meadow in the mountain area, because the mountain area special geographical environment, winter sowing is unfavorable for surviving the winter of clover seedling, sows in spring to help clover and take root the raising with drought-resistant ability.But spring, strong irradiation became the key factor that harm clover seedling becomes to live again with dust storm.Traditional clover kind method for planting be difficult to solve the high problem of clover seedling lethality in the clover plantation of mountain area, and particularly in the spring planting process, this problem is more obvious.The seedling lethality is high, causes the meadow to recover improvement and development of man-made grasslands inefficiency, not only wastes great amount of manpower and material resources and financial resources, and is difficult to reach the improvement and the construct effects of biology of expection.The high mortality of seedling also makes the output of clover obviously on the low side, and being difficult to should have economic benefit when contracts.
Clover is the perennial plant kind, and in the planting process of mountain area clover, as long as guarantee the success of seedling field planting in 1 year ground, the plant in 1 year can have stronger adaptive capacity to environment.Biological property according to mountain area environmental quality and clover; The present invention has utilized the fast natural disposition of specific therophytes growth; Through the double-deck planting technology of research and development mountain area clover,, improve the survival rate of clover seedling for the clover seedling provides hidden and protection; To be implemented in desert grassland improvement and the development of man-made grasslands success of high quality forage clover plantation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, provide mountain area, a kind of arid area clover the double-deck method for planting of planting, this method is to be main varieties of plant with the Da Ye clover; Screen annual accompanying plant kind rape, oat or highland barley; Through Orthogonal Experiment and Design, technical measures such as sowing order (position), plantation spacing, planting depth and fertilizing amount are utilized the double-deck hidden and protective effect of planting method for planting to the formation of clover seedling of mountain region clover; Improve clover seedling survival rate then; Promote under the drought mountain environmental condition that the success of desert grassland improvement and development of man-made grasslands becomes the best-of-breed technology combination of high height above sea level clover plantation in the arid biogeographic zone mountain region; Realized the middle alpine region of arid biogeographic zone height above sea level 3000-1800, the clover seedling percent significantly improved and the increase of alfalfa planting output then during recovery of desert meadow and artificial forage grass ground were built.
The double-deck method for planting of planting of mountain area, a kind of arid area of the present invention clover follows these steps to carry out:
The selection of a, accompanying plant kind: screening therophytes rape, oat or highland barley are as double-deck companion species;
B, trench digging plantation: with the Da Ye clover is cultivated species, in the first tenday period of a month in April, under the soil moisture content good conditions, opens the plantation ditch, furrow width 8cm, and ditch depth 5cm, spacing is 22cm between the plantation ditch;
C, drilling sowing: clover and the sowing of accompanying plant kind adopt accompanying plant high in the both sides of ditch, the pattern that clover is low, and earthing is flat then buries;
The sowing order of d, clover and accompanying plant kind: the East and West direction trench digging, annual accompanying plant kind is planted in the southern side of ditch, and clover is planted in the north side; The north-south trench digging, the accompanying plant kind is planted in the east side of ditch, and clover is planted in the west side, forms double-deck cropping pattern;
E, fertilising: according to soil regime, the chemical fertilizer per hectare applies the urea of 45-60 kilogram, the phosphate fertilizer of 120-240 kilogram;
F, toothing: cradle clover toothing 5-8cm at the beginning of 9 10 months the end of month.
Accompanying plant is planted in the side that the plantation ditch faces south among the step c.
Mountain area, arid area of the present invention clover is double-deck plants method for planting compared with prior art, and its characteristics are:
The present invention is according to biological property and the mountain region environmental condition of clover; The screening therophytes is as the companion species of clover; Set up the double-deck planting technology of clover; Start with from the biology characteristics of plant and to have created protective condition, improved success rate and validity that clover is planted then effectively for the clover survival of living seedling then.
The present invention compares with existing clover planting technology, under the equal conditions of mountain area, has reduced irradiation and the hazards of sand storms influence to the lethal factor of clover seedling effectively.Clover seedling percent and storage rate significantly increase, and after-culture reduces, and has reduced the sowing cost, has saved manpower.Simultaneously, the plantation of therophytes has also improved meadow biological yield then effectively, has better economic benefit.
Utilize the fast natural disposition of the annual accompanying plant of screening, form double-deck cropping pattern (accompanying plant, height; Clover; Low pattern); The seedling of sprouting then of perennial grass clover is formed the moon to be covered and protects; Effectively reduce mountain area intense radiation and hazards of sand storms influence, improve clover survival rate and the biological yield of living seedling then, save grassland improvement and recover cost and improve the efficient that artificial forage grass ground is built the clover seedling survival.
The therophytes kind of selecting to adapt to the mountain area environmental quality is planted as accompanying plant, and screening is at present planted and is rape, oat or highland barley, and is planted in the side that the plantation ditch faces south.Accompanying plant only formed hidden and protective effect in 1 year to the clover seedling as the high level of double-deck cropping pattern, to improve clover seedling survival rate then.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Uruk Say township, Celei County, hotan area, 2450 meters of height above sea level are selected local and the Tian Daye alfalfa variety is a main breed, and rape is the association kind;
Seed selection
Select suitable breeding, clover is a perennial plant, once after planting; Utilize 2-3 at least, utilize 4-5 at most, the selection of seed is a clover plantation first step of successful; The Da Ye clover seed that needs selector unification, secondary national standard, the cleanliness of seed need reach 90%, germination rate need reach 85%, and purity need reach 98%; Seed is dressed seed before broadcasting, and every mu of seed consumption is controlled at the 0.8-1.0 kilogram;
Whole ground:
Gentle slope, preceding mountain belts, planting site point selection mountain area, physical features is smooth, and are raked in ground in the place that gradient fluctuating is less, and Kun Lun Mountain north slope soil is sandy structure, need not plough;
The trench digging plantation:
With with the Tian Daye clover be cultivated species, in the first tenday period of a month in April, under the soil moisture content good conditions, along east-west, open the plantation ditch, furrow width 8cm, ditch depth 5cm, spacing is 22cm between the plantation ditch;
The drilling sowing:
Carry out miscegenation before the sowing, adopt the sowing of bar broadcast mode, clover and the sowing of accompanying plant kind adopt accompanying plant high in the both sides of ditch, the pattern that clover is low, and annual accompanying plant rapeseed cultivation is in the southern side of ditch, and clover is planted in the north side of ditch, and earthing is flat then buries;
Fertilising:
According to soil regime, the chemical fertilizer per hectare applies 45 kilograms in urea, phosphate fertilizer 120 kg;
Toothing:
Cradling clover toothing 5cm at the beginning of 9 10 months the end of month gets final product.
Embodiment 2
Bo Sitan township, Celei County, hotan area, 3000 meters of height above sea level are selected local and the Tian Daye alfalfa variety is a main breed, and highland barley is the association kind;
Seed selection
Select suitable breeding, clover is a perennial plant, once after planting; Utilize 2-3 at least, utilize 4-5 at most, the selection of seed is a clover plantation first step of successful; The Da Ye clover seed that needs selector unification, secondary national standard, the cleanliness of seed need reach 90%, germination rate need reach 85%, and purity need reach 98%; Seed is dressed seed before broadcasting, and every mu of seed consumption is controlled at the 0.8-1.0 kilogram;
Whole ground:
Gentle slope, preceding mountain belts, planting site point selection mountain area, physical features is smooth, and are raked in ground in the place that gradient fluctuating is less, and Kun Lun Mountain north slope soil is sandy structure, need not plough;
The trench digging plantation:
With the Da Ye clover is cultivated species, in the first tenday period of a month in April, under the soil moisture content good conditions, opens the plantation ditch along the north-south, furrow width 8cm, and ditch depth 5cm, spacing is 22cm between the plantation ditch;
The drilling sowing:
Carry out miscegenation before the sowing, adopt the sowing of bar broadcast mode, clover and the sowing of accompanying plant kind are in the both sides of ditch; The employing accompanying plant is high, the pattern that clover is low, and accompanying plant kind highland barley is planted in the east side of ditch; Clover is planted in the west side, forms double-deck cropping pattern, and earthing is flat then buries;
Fertilising:
According to soil regime, the chemical fertilizer per hectare applies 50 kilograms in urea, 200 kilograms in phosphate fertilizer;
Toothing:
Cradling clover toothing 7cm at the beginning of 9 10 months the end of month gets final product.
Embodiment 3
Qia Ha township, Celei County, hotan area, 1800 meters of height above sea level are selected local and the Tian Daye alfalfa variety is a main breed, and oat is the association kind;
Seed selection
Select suitable breeding, clover is a perennial plant, once after planting; Utilize 2-3 at least, utilize 4-5 at most, the selection of seed is a clover plantation first step of successful; The Da Ye clover seed that needs selector unification, secondary national standard, the cleanliness of seed need reach 90%, germination rate need reach 85%, and purity need reach 98%; Seed is dressed seed before broadcasting, and every mu of seed consumption is controlled at the 0.8-1.0 kilogram;
Whole ground:
Gentle slope, preceding mountain belts, planting site point selection mountain area, physical features is smooth, and are raked in ground in the place that gradient fluctuating is less, and Kun Lun Mountain north slope soil is sandy structure, need not plough;
The trench digging plantation:
With the Da Ye clover is cultivated species, in the first tenday period of a month in April, under the soil moisture content good conditions, opens the plantation ditch along the north-south, furrow width 8cm, and ditch depth 5cm, spacing is 22cm between the plantation ditch;
The drilling sowing:
Carry out miscegenation before the sowing, adopt the sowing of bar broadcast mode, clover and the sowing of accompanying plant kind oat are in the both sides of ditch; The employing accompanying plant is high, the pattern that clover is low, and accompanying plant kind oat is planted in the southern side of ditch; Clover is planted in the north side, forms double-deck cropping pattern, and earthing is flat then buries;
Fertilising:
According to soil regime, the chemical fertilizer per hectare applies 60 kilograms in urea, 240 kilograms in phosphate fertilizer;
Toothing:
Cradling clover toothing 8cm at the beginning of 9 10 months the end of month gets final product.
Claims (1)
1. mountain area, arid area clover bilayer is planted method for planting, it is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
The selection of a, accompanying plant kind: screening therophytes rape, oat or highland barley are as double-deck companion species;
B, trench digging plantation: with the Da Ye clover is cultivated species, in the first tenday period of a month in April, under the soil moisture content good conditions, opens the plantation ditch, furrow width 8cm, and ditch depth 5cm, spacing is 22cm between the plantation ditch;
C, drilling sowing: clover and the sowing of accompanying plant kind adopt accompanying plant high, the pattern that clover is low in the both sides of ditch; Earthing is flat then buries; The sowing order of clover and accompanying plant kind wherein: the East and West direction trench digging, annual accompanying plant kind is planted in the southern side of ditch, and clover is planted in the north side; The north-south trench digging, the accompanying plant kind is planted in the east side of ditch, and clover is planted in the west side, forms double-deck cropping pattern;
D, fertilising: according to soil regime, the chemical fertilizer per hectare applies the urea of 45-60 kilogram, the phosphate fertilizer of 120-240 kilogram;
E, toothing: cradle clover toothing 5-8cm at the beginning of 9 10 months the end of month.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101910509A CN102308720B (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2011-07-08 | Double-layered growing method for lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions |
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| CN2011101910509A CN102308720B (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2011-07-08 | Double-layered growing method for lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions |
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| CN102308720B true CN102308720B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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| CN102884925B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-12-10 | 新疆农业大学 | Growing method for multiply sowing double-cropping alfalfa and rape in wheat field |
| CN103053308B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2015-09-16 | 甘肃农业大学 | One grow wheat high-stubble harvesting straw-returning multiple cropping intensive shadow on lung production method |
| CN104186169B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-01-25 | 青海省农林科学院 | Method for arranging highland barley living sand barrier in moving dune |
| CN105493845B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-09-04 | 新疆农业大学 | A kind of wheat and the ripe implantation methods harvested simultaneously of alfalfa seed two |
| CN105960992B (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2018-11-30 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | The drought resisting planting method of clover |
| CN108496700B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-12-06 | 中国农业大学 | Spring planting method of Colqin Sandi alfalfa |
| CN108782046A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-13 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of method that dry-warm valley cinder field in High-cold regions builds artificial pasture |
| CN109122174A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-04 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of sandy grassland clover type of seeding and implantation methods |
| CN109220580A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-18 | 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of clover |
| CN111802182A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-23 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Alfalfa wind erosion prevention planting method |
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