CN102283103A - Anthocyanin-enriched radish breeding method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crop breeding method, in particular to a radish breeding method, belonging to the technical field of plant breeding and cultivation. The breeding method is characterized in that Kexing red-core and red-skin radishes are taken as female parents, wherein the Kexing red-core and red-skin radishes come from Sichuan province, have a moderate maturity period and upright leaf bunches, contain high-content anthocyanin, are high-yield, disease-resistant, red-skinned and have red flesh and long cylindrical flesh roots; Hengfeng transparent-core red radishes as male parents, wherein the Hengfeng transparent-core red radishes come from Chongqing, have a moderate maturity period and half upright leaf bunches, contain high-content anthocyanin, are heat-resistant and red-skinned and have red flesh, long cylindrical flesh roots and slightly larger lower parts; and the female parents are hybridized with the male parents to obtain intervarietal hybrids F1, and the intervarietal hybrids F1 are continuously self-bred to obtain a new high-quality, high-yield, high-anthocyanin-content and disease-resistant red-skin and red-core radish variety, i.e. Yanzhi No.1. The radish breeding method has the beneficial effects that the breeding efficiency is high, the obtained products are suitable for the extraction processing of anthocyanin and the problem existing in the raw material supply in the anthocyanin extraction processing industry is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the selection of a kind of crops, especially the selection of radish belongs to plant breeding culture technique field.
Background technology
Anthocyan pigment price in the international market is higher, in its secondary industry, be that the anthocyan pigment of raw material is very stable with the radish, and cost of material is cheap, quantity is sufficient, and therefore, radish anthocyan has the market competitiveness.There is the history of long-term planting radish in China rural area, comprehensive local soil characteristics, landforms weather, and it is one of important channel of improving local farmers' income that the anthocyan of plantation high added value extracts special-purpose radish.
Understand according to the applicant, because the radish varieties collection to domestic anthocyan enrichment just begins, the breeding that is suitable for extracting the special-purpose radish varieties of anthocyan is started late, kind is few, yield poorly, anthocyanidin content is low, the maturing stage unanimity, listing is concentrated, colony's ubiquity leaf look, blade profile, mixing and a kind of sedge morning of root shape, degradation phenomenas such as the chaff heart, and have regional disparity, so the utmost point need be strengthened the research of breeding aspect, the special-purpose radish varieties of high-quality anthocyan of particularly suitable sandy soil area geography and climate waits further research and development, extracts raw material supply problem in the anthocyan secondary industry to solve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defective that exists at above prior art, proposes a kind of selection that is rich in the radish of anthocyan, thus the high radish varieties of the high-quality of selecting, high yield and anthocyanidin content.
The present invention is by following technical method technical solution problem, and a kind of selection that is rich in the radish of anthocyan may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, with the red skin radish of the emerging red heart of section as female parent,, hybridize as male parent with the saturating heart carrot of Heng Feng, obtain crossbreed F
1;
Step 2, with described crossbreed F
1Sowing, treat the fleshy root maturation after, select epidermis, fibrous root and root of the tail to take on a red color, root is heavy/plant of leaf mass ratio value 〉=2.5 moves to land for growing field crops mixed planting, the next spring mixes to receive and obtains seed F
2;
Step 3, with described F
2Sowing, selfing obtains selfed seed F after 5 generations continuously
7, No. 1, the radish of promptly being rich in anthocyan---target variety kermes.
Further, in the described step 3, after the fleshy root maturation in each generation, select epidermis, fibrous root and root of the tail to take on a red color, root is heavy/individual plant of leaf mass ratio value 〉=2.5 gets that the fleshy root tangent plane carries out quality and content is identified, select that the tangent plane color is dark red, pigment evenly, the no chaff heart fickle in love, no, and anthocyanidin content＞150mg/100g fresh weight, the individual plant of sulphur glycosides content＜95 mg/100g fresh weights moves to the land for growing field crops, and individual plant carries out the bagging selfing and reserves seed for planting.When quality and content are identified, identify the output and the disease resistance of individual plant since the 4th generation, select plant type compactness, high yield, disease-resistant individual plant.
The individual plant of the high yield in the above-mentioned steps is meant: weigh, measure root weight/leaf mass ratio value and select the plant that the individual plant root is great, root weight/leaf mass ratio value is big, plant type is compact in conjunction with plant type by weighing individual plant root.Disease-resistant individual plant is meant: the plant field incidence of disease, disease index are selected the field incidence of disease and the lower plant of disease index by inquiry.
" turnip with red inside has another name called rouge radish, and is red entirely with skin and flesh, quality is tender and crisp and well-known, extensively cultivates on the ground such as Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing of local area " (seeing " Chinese radish " that scientific and technical literature publishing house publishes, the P172 page or leaf).The present invention is with the turnip with red inside kind: the saturating heart carrot of Heng Feng in red skin radish of the emerging red heart of the section in Sichuan and Chongqing selects new varieties by sexual hybridization, this method is earlier according to epidermis, coring color, eliminate bad individual plant, then according to fleshy root sectility face look, eliminate bad individual plant,, eliminate bad individual plant again according to the laboratory qualification result, rapid screening goes out anthocyanidin content height, the fine individual plant that meets breeding character that sulphur glycosides content is low, has improved breeding efficiency.The new varieties that select have following advantage:
Product are of fine quality---kind color of the leather redness, and yellowish pink red, the oval tubular of fleshy root, the bottom is big slightly, dense structure, tender crisp, the anthocyanidin content of matter is about the 168mg/100g fresh weight, and sulphur glycosides content is suitable for anthocyan and extracts processing about the 88mg/100g fresh weight.
Disease resistance is strong, yield stability is good---and this kind has good resistance to virus disease.And be difficult for the chaff heart, be difficult for fickle in love, anti-bolting, proterties is stable, yield stability is good, ripe high conformity, cultivating and growing under the geography and climate of sandy soil area suits.
Plant type, yielding ability are good---the plant type compactness, and leafage half is upright, and blade is dark green, stem, petiole and middle rib redness, the lateral vein green, leaf is tall and straight, is subjected to light good, and functional period of leaf is long, about the single heavy 190g of fleshy root; Radish fleshy root output 2500kg/667m
2About, the 95 days time of infertility, medium variety more commonly used about 5 days in advance.
Description of drawings
The breeding schematic flow sheet of Fig. 1 one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Material: turnip with red inside kind: the red skin radish of the emerging red heart of section (source: Sichuan, green garden, Jurong City, Jiangsu means of agricultural production business department is on sale, ripe interim, leafage is upright, anthocyanidin content is higher, high yield, disease-resistant, color of the leather is red, yellowish pink red, fleshy root elongated cylindrical.
The saturating heart carrot of turnip with red inside kind: Heng Feng (source: Chongqing, the good magnificent development in agricultural science and technology in Nanjing Co., Ltd is on sale), ripe interim, leafage half is upright, the anthocyanidin content height, heat-resisting, color of the leather is red, yellowish pink is red, the oval tubular of fleshy root, bottom are big slightly.
The procedure schema of present embodiment is seen Fig. 1, specifically is breeding according to the following steps:
One, present embodiment carries out breeding according to the following steps:
Step 1, breeding spring then, with the red skin radish of the emerging red heart of section as female parent, with the saturating heart carrot of Heng Feng as male parent, hybridize, obtain intervarietal cross kind F
1, results F
139 in seed;
Step 2, autumn in the same year, sowing 5 row F1 seeds, after treating the fleshy root maturation, select epidermis, fibrous root, root of the tail to be redness, and root is heavy/and the leaf mass ratio value is big 〉=2.5 plant, cut blade with cutter, keep long 6～8 centimetres petiole, indoor storage (storage method: if soil property ground, a storage canal is dug at the place in the corner, trench depth is decided according to radish length, if the cement flooring, prior to covering one deck wet soil in the face of land, radish is uprightly arranged successively, and use native calking, the last wet soil that covers again all around covers thick about 5 centimetres wet soil topmost.), transplant land for growing field crops mixed planting together after the beginning of spring, results obtain seed F together
2
Step 3,1 year autumn are with F
2Planting seed, only control not diseases prevention of worm in the field, after treating the abundant maturation of radish fleshy root, select epidermis, fibrous root, root of the tail is redness, and root is heavy/individual plant of leaf mass ratio value 〉=2.5, marker number along the vertical sectility 2/5 in fleshy root maximum transverse diameter place, and is observed the distribution of fleshy root tangent plane pigment, the selection color is dark red, pigment is even, evenly, not fickle in love, the individual plant of the chaff heart is eliminated undesirable individual plant, and the tangent plane wound with 3/5 fleshy root individual plant is coated with 400 times of lime sulfurs touches the (storage method: if soil property ground of preservation in the sealing chamber, a storage canal is dug at the place in the corner, trench depth is decided according to radish length, if the cement flooring, prior to covering one deck wet soil in the face of land, radish is uprightly arranged successively, and use native calking, the last wet soil that covers again all around covers thick about 5 centimetres wet soil topmost.), and send experimental determination with remaining 2/5 fleshy root, according to measurement result, selection anthocyanidin content＞150(mg/100g fresh weight), fine individual plant sulphur glycosides content＜95(mg/100g fresh weight), eliminate bad individual plant, transplant the land for growing field crops after the beginning of spring, the selfing of individual plant bagging is reserved seed for planting and is obtained seed F
3
The 3rd year autumn is with the F that reserves seed for planting
3Divide the individual plant sowing, only control not diseases prevention of worm, after treating the abundant maturation of radish fleshy root, the epidermis of selecting and remain earlier, fibrous root, root of the tail are redness, and root heavy/individual plant of leaf mass ratio value 〉=2.5, again by behind fleshy root sectility face look and the experimental determination, selecting and remain, the tangent plane color is dark red, pigment even, the no chaff heart fickle in love, no, and anthocyanidin content＞150(mg/100g fresh weight), the 10 strain individual plants of sulphur glycosides content＜95 (mg/100g fresh weight), transplant the land for growing field crops after the beginning of spring, the selfing of individual plant bagging is reserved seed for planting and is obtained seed F
4
The 4th year autumn is with F
4Plant 10 strain systems, from 6 strains preferably of basicly stable, comprehensive proterties are, the plant type of selecting and remain compactness, high yield, disease-resistant individual plant, again by behind fleshy root sectility face look and the experimental determination, selecting and remain, the tangent plane color is dark red, pigment even, the no chaff heart fickle in love, no, and anthocyanidin content＞150(mg/100g fresh weight), the individual plant of sulphur glycosides content＜95 (mg/100g fresh weight), transplant the land for growing field crops after the beginning of spring, the selfing of individual plant bagging is reserved seed for planting and is obtained seed F
5
The 5th year autumn is with F
5Plant 6 strain systems, from 3 strains preferably of stable, comprehensive proterties are, the plant type of selecting and remain compactness, high yield, disease-resistant individual plant, again by behind fleshy root epidermis, coring and fleshy root sectility face look and the experimental determination, select and remain epidermis, coring color redness, the tangent plane color is dark red, pigment evenly, the no chaff heart fickle in love, no and anthocyanidin content＞150(mg/100g fresh weight), sulphur glycosides content＜95 (mg/100g fresh weight), plant type compactness, high yield, disease-resistant individual plant, transplant the land for growing field crops after the beginning of spring, the selfing of individual plant bagging is reserved seed for planting and is obtained seed F
6
The 6th year autumn is with F
63 selected strain systems, plant, not diseases prevention of whole process, in excellent, select excellent in, from 1 strain that The Characters is the most stable system wherein, select 1 strain plant type compactness, high yield, disease-resistant and anthocyanidin content to reach the plant of 168.21 ± 10.3 mg/100g fresh weights, sulphur glycosides content 88.71 ± 1.96mg/100g fresh weight, transplant booth after the beginning of spring, as the isolation condition, reserving seed for planting obtains seed F with fly net
7, promptly name and be No. 1, kermes.In Danyang, Jiangsu, Jingjiang, Jurong carry out varietal yield test, expanding propagation, demonstration and promote.The individual plant of the high yield in the above-mentioned steps is meant: weigh, measure root weight/leaf mass ratio value and select the plant that the individual plant root is great, root weight/leaf mass ratio value is big, plant type is compact in conjunction with plant type by weighing individual plant root.Disease-resistant individual plant is meant: the plant field incidence of disease, disease index are selected the field incidence of disease and the lower plant of disease index by inquiry.
No. 1 feature of kermes: about plant height 55～60cm, degree of development 57～62cm, the oval tubular of fleshy root, the bottom is big slightly, about single heavy 190g; About radish fleshy root output 2500kg/6672.The sowing of No. 1, kermes is to gathering in the crops about about 95 days, the plant type compactness, and leafage half is upright, half flower leaf type, blade is dark green, and leaf is tall and straight, is subjected to light good, and functional period of leaf is long.
The cultivation main points are as follows:
A. ground is put in order on choosing ground: the selection high-land, loosen, fertile sandy loam, apply the muck 3500～4000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed by per 667 ㎡ and make base manure, bedding after the deep ploughing and intensive cultivation.
B. rational close planting: seeding row spacing 25 * 30cm beats the cave.
C. sowing: sowing by the end of August～9 month, 4 of every bunch planting radish seeds, and cover kind, the about 1.5cm of thickness with the cut-and-dried farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed.Drench spray then, water permeablely, and keep ground moistening until emerging.
D. field management main points:
E. extermination of disease and insect pest main points:
Disease mainly contains the generation of downy mildew, virus disease and black rot.Their early stage sprayed once every 7-10 days, sprayed 2-3 time continuously.
F. gather: by the end of November～results when mid-December, fleshy root was fully ripe.
Three, the field product are when demonstrated and are planted experimentally experiment:
2008,2009 in the Jurong, ground such as Danyang, Jingjiang carried out demonstration plant, the red skin radish of red heart with the red skin radish of the emerging red heart of section and two kinds of the saturating heart carrot of Heng Feng is contrast, the anthocyanidin content comparison is according to difference high 7.7% and about 16.4%, and sulphur glycosides content is compared according to low by about 1.5% and 3.3% respectively, and the main quality index sees Table 1.No. 1 per mu yield of kermes reaches 2480.5kg in the test in 2 years, the red skin radish volume increase 30.7% of the emerging red heart of two annual yield increased sections, and than the saturating heart carrot volume increase 22.3% of Heng Feng, increase yield significantly the results are shown in Table 2.By downy mildew and the investigation of virus disease field incidence are shown that the disease resistance that No. 1, kermes obviously is better than two check varieties, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 1 main quality index
| Kind | Anthocyanidin content (mg/100g fresh weight) | Sulphur glycosides content (mg/100g fresh weight) | The pH value | Moisture (%, w/w) | Sugar content (mg/100g fresh weight) |
| No. 1, kermes | 168.21±10.3 | 88.71±1.96 | 5.62 | 90.34 | 150.13±17.45 |
| The red skin radish of the emerging red heart of section (CK1) | 156.24±8.83 | 90.17±3.48 | 5.67 | 91.46 | 131.15±17.34 |
| The saturating heart carrot of Heng Feng (CK2) | 144.56±4.76 | 91.69±1.9 | 5.65 | 91.42 | 168.56±16.75 |
Table 2 production ratio
Table 3 disease resistance relatively
By above-mentioned experiment as can be known, utilize No. 1, the kermes that method of the present invention breeds, have high yield, the anthocyanidin content height, the characteristics that disease resistance is strong are fit to anthocyan and extract processing, extract raw material supply problem in the anthocyan secondary industry to solve.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. selection that is rich in the radish of anthocyan may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, with the red skin radish of the emerging red heart of section as female parent,, hybridize as male parent with the saturating heart carrot of Heng Feng, obtain crossbreed F
1;
Step 2, with crossbreed F
1Sowing, treat the fleshy root maturation after, select epidermis, fibrous root and root of the tail to take on a red color, root is heavy/plant of leaf mass ratio value 〉=2.5 moves to land for growing field crops mixed planting, the next spring mixes to receive and obtains seed F
2;
Step 3, with F
2Sowing, selfing obtains selfed seed F after 5 generations continuously
7, the radish of promptly being rich in anthocyan.
2. according to the described selection that is rich in the radish of anthocyan of claim 1, its feature
Be: in the described step 3, after the fleshy root maturation in each generation, select epidermis, fibrous root and root of the tail to take on a red color, root is heavy/individual plant of leaf mass ratio value 〉=2.5, get that the fleshy root tangent plane carries out quality and content is identified, select that the tangent plane color is dark red, pigment evenly, the no chaff heart fickle in love, no, and anthocyanidin content＞150mg/100g fresh weight, the individual plant of sulphur glycosides content＜95mg/100g fresh weight moves to the land for growing field crops, and individual plant carries out the bagging selfing and reserves seed for planting.
3. according to the described selection that is rich in the radish of anthocyan of claim 2, it is characterized in that: since the 4th generation, when quality and content are identified, identify the output and the disease resistance of individual plant, select plant type compactness, high yield, disease-resistant individual plant.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103210774A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-07-24 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Cultivation method of pollution-free red-skin red-heart radishes with high anthocyanin content |
| CN103210840A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-07-24 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Anthocyanin radish breeding method |
| CN103210780A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-07-24 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Propagation method for rapidly measuring anthocyanin content and excellent single plant of radishes |
| CN104160945A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-11-26 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for breeding novel species by hybridization of broad-leaf radish and petal-leaf radish |
| CN104170723A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of heat-resistant red-skin radish |
| CN104303995A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-28 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Breeding method of carmine radish |
| CN105638450A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-08 | 武汉福来农业科技有限公司 | Breeding method of radishes with low erucic acid and high oil yield |
| CN116649208A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-08-29 | 山西农业大学高粱研究所(山西省农业科学院高粱研究所) | Breeding method of red-skin red-meat tubular radish inbred line |
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| CN101663995A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2010-03-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Selective breeding technique of anthocyanin type purple corn |
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Cited By (10)
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| CN103210774A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-07-24 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Cultivation method of pollution-free red-skin red-heart radishes with high anthocyanin content |
| CN103210774B (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-10-01 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Cultivation method of pollution-free red-skin red-heart radishes with high anthocyanin content |
| CN103210780A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-07-24 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Propagation method for rapidly measuring anthocyanin content and excellent single plant of radishes |
| CN103210840A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-07-24 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Anthocyanin radish breeding method |
| CN104160945A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-11-26 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for breeding novel species by hybridization of broad-leaf radish and petal-leaf radish |
| CN104170723A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of heat-resistant red-skin radish |
| CN104303995A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-28 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Breeding method of carmine radish |
| CN104303995B (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-08-24 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of rouge radish |
| CN105638450A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-08 | 武汉福来农业科技有限公司 | Breeding method of radishes with low erucic acid and high oil yield |
| CN116649208A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-08-29 | 山西农业大学高粱研究所(山西省农业科学院高粱研究所) | Breeding method of red-skin red-meat tubular radish inbred line |
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Application publication date: 20111221 Assignee: Jiangsu Fengyuan Seed Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhenjiang Rui Agriculture Co., Ltd.|Jurong City, White Rabbit Town Miao Miao vegetables seed cooperatives Contract record no.: 2013320000605 Denomination of invention: Anthocyanin-enriched radish breeding method Granted publication date: 20130213 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20130624 |
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