CN102276326B - Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102276326B
CN102276326B CN2011101845247A CN201110184524A CN102276326B CN 102276326 B CN102276326 B CN 102276326B CN 2011101845247 A CN2011101845247 A CN 2011101845247A CN 201110184524 A CN201110184524 A CN 201110184524A CN 102276326 B CN102276326 B CN 102276326B
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preparation
fermentation
organic liquid
liquid fertilizer
sargassum
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CN102276326A (en
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张树清
刘培京
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention discloses a sargassum organic liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method specially comprises the following steps: (1) ingredient treatment: adding 0.1-0.6 mass part of complex enzyme and 0.1-0.4 mass part of biological leaven to 100 mass parts of sargassum smashing liquid containing 70%-90% of water and then evenly mixing; (2) aerobic fermentation: putting the ingredient obtained in the step (1) in a fermentation tank, carrying out aerobic fermentation for 5-8 days at the temperature of 40-60 DGE C at the pH of 5-7 so as to obtain a fermentation broth; (3) filtration: fertilizing the fermentation broth obtained in the step (2) so as to obtain filtrate; and (4) complex formulation: blending the nutrition in the filtrate obtained in the step (3) so that the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the filtrate meet the following formula: N+P2O5+K2O>=100g/L. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of quick fermentation, short production period and high fermentation degree, and is suitable for a large-scale production method for preparing the sargassum organic liquid fertilizer by virtue of a biological fermentation method.

Description

A kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacturing field of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In the marine algas such as sea-tangle, bulk kelp, bladder wrack, extra large capsule algae, kelp, be rich in the useful various inorganicss of crop growth, organism and many biologically active substances, be extraordinary agricultural fertilizer.The be applied to fertilizer of marine alga on agricultural is had a long history, many maritime nations just gather a long time ago marine alga and manufacture compost in the world, are about to pile up in heaps or be embedded in the heatable adobe sleeping platform because stormy waves is flushed to brown alga on the seashore, make its spontaneous fermentation, make seaweed fertilizer, its agricultural produce successful.
Under the modern industrialization condition, the production method of seaweed fertilizer generally can be divided into: chemical hydrolysis (being the potassium hydroxide hydrolysis method), physics extraction method, biological fermentation process (being the enzyme liberating method).The production method of seaweed fertilizer is very big on the impact of its active substance and nutrient composition content, has both made nutrient composition content identical, and active different its fertility differences are also very large.Domestic and international most producers mainly adopt chemical hydrolysis production seaweed fertilizer at present, adopt the shortcoming of chemical leaching test maximum to be that highly basic high temperature can destroy the activity of marine alga endogenous substance; The physics extraction method is the purpose that the technique of employing high pressure low temperature cooling reaches the fragmentation of alginic cell wall, this extracting method gained seaweed fertilizer is better than chemical leaching test, but the high pressure low temperature environment still can destroy biologically active substance in the marine alga and nutritive substance, the fertilizer efficiency of its product is still not fully up to expectations, and the physical purification technical matters is complicated, high cost.The biological fermentation ratio juris is the plurality of enzymes of utilizing microorganism to produce in take marine alga etc. as the metabolic process of nutrient, the macromolecular substance that consists of marine alga is degraded into small molecules, water miscible material, because fermenting process does not have highly basic and the high temperature of chemical method, the high pressure and the low temperature that also do not have Physical, therefore intactly kept to greatest extent biologically active substance and the nutritive substance in the marine alga, be conducive to be utilized by plant absorbing.
To sum up, the best way of production seaweed fertilizer is to adopt biological fermentation process, secondly is Physical, and the poorest is the chemical leaching test that carries out with strong acid or highly basic.But biological fermentation process production seaweed fertilizer also has shortcomings: such as the fermentation difficulty of the macromolecular substance such as the seaweed fiber of difficult degradation in the marine alga, alginate calcium, fucoidin, protein, pectin, general fermentation about 14 days, the time of fermenting is long, causes the production cycle long; Fermentation degree is not high, and the sevweed rate is not high, causes the problems such as environmental pollution and the wasting of resources.And the technique of biological fermentation process production seaweed fertilizer, because its technique and application mechanism are lacked deep systematic study, only limit to both at home and abroad the laboratory study stage of fumbling at present, the preparation technology of mature and feasible is not applied to large-scale production.
Present various seaweed fertilizer are because the limitation of production technique separately, and the available nutrient content of seaweed fertilizer is not high, and wherein active substance lacks, and causes fertility not high, and effect is bad.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the defective for above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of fermentation fast, with short production cycle, attenuation degree is high, and the biological fermentation process of suitable large-scale production prepares the method for Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer that adopts the aforesaid method preparation.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of preparation method of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer, described preparation method is the biological fermentation preparation method, specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) batching is processed: the water content to 100 mass parts is in the marine alga pulverizing liquid of 70%-90%, adds the prozyme of 0.1-0.6 mass parts and the bio-fermentation agent of 0.1-0.4 mass parts, mixing;
(2) aerobic fermentation: step (1) gained batching is packed in the fermentor tank, is 40-60 ℃ in temperature, and pH is 5-7, aerobic fermentation 5-8 days, gets fermented liquid;
(3) filter: with step (2) gained filtering fermentation liquor, get filtrate;
(4) composite: as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in step (3) the gained filtrate to be allocated, made the content of its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium reach N+P 2O 5+ K 2O 〉=100g/L.
The water-insoluble of described filtrate is below 3%.
Described marine alga is pulverized liquid and is selected from sea-tangle and pulverizes liquid, bulk kelp and pulverize liquid and sargassun and pulverize at least a in the liquid.
Described prozyme is selected from two or more in cellulase, polygalacturonase and the proteolytic enzyme.
Described bio-fermentation agent is the fungal organism starter or/and the bacterium living beings starter, and described fungal organism starter is selected from least a in yeast, aspergillus niger and the aspergillus oryzae, and described bacterium living beings starter is that subtilis is or/and Bacillus licheniformis.
Described step (3) filtering fermentation liquor uses 80-150 purpose filter screen to filter.
During described step (4) is composite, use the content of urea allotment N, use the content of potassium primary phosphate allotment P and K.
A kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer that is prepared from according to above-mentioned preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The method of Biological preparation Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention, can be according to the macromolecular substance such as the seaweed fiber of difficult degradation in the marine alga, alginate calcium, fucoidin, protein, pectin fermentation hard problem, the bio-fermentation agent of the prozyme and 1 ‰-4 ‰ of adding 1 ‰-6 ‰ in batching, accelerate the fermentation of marine alga, can shorten fermentation time 4-7 days than the common fermentation method, can obviously reduce the production cycle, enhance productivity; Simultaneously, bio-fermentation agent is thoroughly degraded the material of above-mentioned fermentation difficulty, makes it to be decomposed into the micromolecular polysaccharide that is conducive to plant absorbing, monose, nitrogenous compound etc., can improve resource utilization, alleviates to the pollution of environment with to problems such as the wastings of resources.
The Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer of the inventive method preparation, the micromolecular polysaccharide that the macromolecular substance such as seaweed fiber, alginate calcium, fucoidin, protein, pectin is broken down into be conducive to plant absorbing, monose, nitrogenous compound etc., simultaneously can also keep the main active substances such as cytokinin contained in the marine alga, plant hormone, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, dormin, ethene, trimethyl-glycine, polyamines, reaching the stimulation crop growth, improve crop disease-resistant, drought resisting, the anti-adversity ability such as cold-resistant; Contain higher organic matter in the Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer, can improve Soil structure.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The preparation method of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) batching is processed: the water content to 100 mass parts is in the marine alga pulverizing liquid of 70%-90%, adds the prozyme of 0.1-0.6 mass parts and the bio-fermentation agent of 0.1-0.4 mass parts, mixing;
(2) aerobic fermentation: step (1) gained batching is packed in the fermentor tank, is 40-60 ℃ in temperature, and pH is 5-7, aerobic fermentation 5-8 days, gets fermented liquid;
(3) filter: with step (2) gained filtering fermentation liquor, get filtrate;
(4) composite: as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in step (3) the gained filtrate to be allocated, made the content of its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium reach N+P 2O 5+ K 2O 〉=100g/L.
The water-insoluble of described filtrate is below 3%.
Described marine alga is pulverized liquid and is selected from sea-tangle and pulverizes liquid, bulk kelp and pulverize liquid and sargassun and pulverize at least a in the liquid.
Described prozyme is selected from two or more in cellulase, polygalacturonase and the proteolytic enzyme.
Described bio-fermentation agent is the fungal organism starter or/and the bacterium living beings starter, and described fungal organism starter is selected from least a in yeast, aspergillus niger and the aspergillus oryzae, and described bacterium living beings starter is that subtilis is or/and Bacillus licheniformis.
Described step (3) filtering fermentation liquor uses 80-150 purpose filter screen to filter.
During described step (4) is composite, use the content of urea allotment N, use the content of potassium primary phosphate allotment P and K.
A kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer that is prepared from according to above-mentioned preparation method.
According to above-mentioned preparation method, according to the indices of following embodiment 1-6, the Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer of Preparation Example 1-6; As a comparison, embodiment 7-10 is the organic liquid fertilizer of traditional zymotic technique and preparation thereof.
Be specially:
Figure BDA0000073466120000041
Upper table data can find out that embodiment 7,8 and 9,10 uses traditional zymotic technique, does not add prozyme and bio-fermentation agent.Embodiment 7,8 compares with embodiment 4,1, and fermentation time is identical, but the Lalgine of its gained fertilizer and organic content difference are very big, illustrates among the embodiment 7,8 that most material does not have and can decompose in the marine alga; Embodiment 9,10 compares with embodiment 4,1, and fermentation time extends to 15 days, and Lalgine and the organic content of its gained fertilizer increase, but compares with embodiment 4,1, still has many materials not have and can decompose among the embodiment 9,10 in the marine alga.Need to prove N+P in each embodiment fertilizer 2O 5+ K 2The content of O, composite certain content, the therefore N+P of several embodiment of reaching in step 4 later 2O 5+ K 2O content is more or less the same.
Select embodiment 4,1; 7,8 and 9,10 preparation gained fertilizer carry out the wheat pot experiment of Fertilizer application effect, its result shows: in the rate of fertilizer situation identical with application process, the result of use of embodiment 4,1 fertilizer is best, and the biological yield of wheat uses embodiment 7,8 and 9,10 processing to improve respectively 12% and 9%; Grain yield improves respectively 13% and 9%.Test gathering in the crops rear potted plant soil, the result shows, uses the potted plant soil of embodiment 4,1 fertilizer, and the content of its soil organism uses embodiment 7,8 and 9,10 potted plant soil to improve respectively 24%, 19% and 18%, 15%.And, use the potted plant soil of embodiment 4,1 fertilizer, the soil indexs such as its crumb structure, unit weight also to be better than using embodiment 7,8 and 9,10 potted plant soil.
Need to prove that the per-cent that the present invention mentions is mass percent.
Above-described embodiment, the present invention embodiment several more preferably just, the common variation that those skilled in the art carries out in the technical solution of the present invention scope and replacing all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the preparation method of a Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described preparation method is the biological fermentation preparation method, specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) batching is processed: the water content to 100 mass parts is in the marine alga pulverizing liquid of 70%-90%, adds the prozyme of 0.1-0.6 mass parts and the bio-fermentation agent of 0.1-0.4 mass parts, mixing;
(2) aerobic fermentation: step (1) gained batching is packed in the fermentor tank, is 40-60 ℃ in temperature, and pH is 5-7, aerobic fermentation 5-8 days, gets fermented liquid;
(3) filter: with step (2) gained filtering fermentation liquor, get filtrate;
(4) composite: as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in step (3) the gained filtrate to be allocated, made the content of its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium reach N+P 2O 5+ K 2O 〉=100g/L;
Described prozyme is selected from two or more in cellulase, polygalacturonase and the proteolytic enzyme; Described bio-fermentation agent is the fungal organism starter or/and the bacterium living beings starter, and described fungal organism starter is selected from least a in yeast, aspergillus niger and the aspergillus oryzae, and described bacterium living beings starter is that subtilis is or/and Bacillus licheniformis.
2. the preparation method of a kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the water-insoluble of described filtrate is below 3%.
3. the preparation method of a kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described marine alga is pulverized liquid and is selected from sea-tangle and pulverizes liquid, bulk kelp and pulverize liquid and sargassun and pulverize at least a in the liquid.
4. the preparation method of a kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described step (3) filtering fermentation liquor, the filtration of use 80-150 purpose filter screen.
5. the preparation method of a kind of Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during described step (4) is composite, use the content of urea allotment N, use the content of potassium primary phosphate allotment P and K.
6. Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer of being prepared from of each preparation method according to claim 1-5.
CN2011101845247A 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Sargassum organic liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102276326B (en)

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