CN111165517A - Natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation and production method thereof - Google Patents
Natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165517A CN111165517A CN201911386160.3A CN201911386160A CN111165517A CN 111165517 A CN111165517 A CN 111165517A CN 201911386160 A CN201911386160 A CN 201911386160A CN 111165517 A CN111165517 A CN 111165517A
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Abstract
The invention provides a natural organic-inorganic antifreeze preparation and a production method thereof, which takes phosphorus-potassium-containing substances, seaweed extract, fish protein, chitosan, proline, multivitamin, boron-containing substances and zinc-containing substances as raw materials, and the phosphorus-potassium-containing substances, the seaweed extract, the fish protein, the chitosan and the proline can improve the cold resistance of crops; the compound vitamin improves the stress resistance of crops by protecting cell membranes from being damaged or being slightly damaged, improving the photosynthesis efficiency and reducing the loss of the respiration capacity; the boron-containing substance and the zinc-containing substance are used for supplementing trace elements of crops, can ensure that the recombined organic raw materials and the inorganic raw materials of the raw materials are combined at low temperature, are scientifically compatible, complementary and coordinated, and can organically combine the biological activity of the crops and the resistance capability of the crops to freezing injury, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the crops to the low-temperature stress environment, promoting the growth and development of the crops in the low-temperature environment and having low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of anti-freezing preparations, and particularly relates to a natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation and a production method thereof.
Background
The 'late spring coldness' comes from agriculture at the earliest, and mainly refers to the real spring, namely the weather phenomenon or weather process that the climate called weather (5 days is one weather) is warm before cold and then cold after being attacked by strong cold air frequently and has the temperature falling fast for 1-2 weeks or more after the average temperature exceeds 10 ℃, and crops in a large area are frozen.
In agricultural production, late spring coldness still belongs to the category of low-temperature overcast and rainy in spring. Because of the late appearance time, the hazard is greater, so it is treated differently in agriculture. The reason is that the seeding of crops in early spring is carried out in stages and in batches, only a part of the crops in spring seeding is damaged and influenced in one low-temperature overcast and rainy process, most of the low-temperature overcast and rainy in early spring are in the germination period of the crops in spring seeding, most of fruit trees do not enter the flowering and pollination period, and the adaptability to external environmental conditions is strong. Once the spring equinox, especially after the clearness festival, is over, the temperature rises obviously, the spring sowing spring seeds are spread completely, various crops grow vigorous, seedlings enter the weaning period, most fruit trees enter the flowering and pollination period successively, the low-temperature rain resistance is weakened greatly, if the late spring cold weather occurs, the disasters of large-area seedling rot, dead seedlings and low flowering and fruit setting rate of the fruit trees are faced, and the growth and development of other spring crops are also seriously influenced.
At present, the common antifreeze is used for enhancing the resistance of crops to low temperature and protecting the crops from being damaged by the low temperature. At present, the commonly used antifreeze agent is prepared by compounding various organic chemical components, has complex components, needs to discuss the safety of crops and has higher application cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation and a production method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a natural organic-inorganic combined anti-freezing preparation comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
further, the phosphorus-potassium-containing substance is polymerized phosphorus potassium or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, the phosphorus and potassium-containing substances are phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide, and the mass ratio of the phosphorus pentoxide to the potassium oxide is 3: 2.
further, the boron-containing substance is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, and the zinc-containing substance is zinc EDTA.
Further, the compound vitamin comprises vitamin B1 and vitamin C, and the mass ratio of the vitamin B1 to the vitamin C is (1-2): (1-3).
The invention also provides a production method of the natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation, which comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding a phosphorus-potassium-containing substance, a boron-containing substance and a zinc-containing substance, and stirring at 75-85 ℃ for reaction and dissolution;
2) cooling the mixture obtained in the step 1) to 45-55 ℃, adding the seaweed extract, the fish protein and the chitosan, and stirring and dissolving at 45-55 ℃;
3) adding proline and vitamin complex into the mixture obtained in the step 2), stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 45-55 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the vitamin E.
The invention provides a natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation and a production method thereof, which take phosphorus-potassium-containing substances, seaweed extract, fish protein, chitosan, proline, multivitamins, boron-containing substances and zinc-containing substances as raw materials, wherein the phosphorus-potassium-containing substances can improve the content of soluble sugar and phospholipid of crops, reduce the freezing point of cytoplasm, enhance the temperature adaptability of cells, simultaneously adjust air holes to inhibit evaporation and adjust the permeability of cellular fluid; the seaweed extract contains betaine, and the betaine can protect the structure and integrity of biomacromolecules under a freezing condition and maintain the physiological function of the biomacromolecules, so that the cold resistance of crops is improved; the fish protein is rich in protein, and can stabilize the membrane structure, improve photosynthesis and improve the cold resistance of crops; the chitosan can improve the activities of protective enzymes SOD, POD, CAT and APX, and increase the content of soluble protein and Pro, thereby enhancing the cold resistance and cold resistance of crops; the proline can increase the content of proline in crops and improve the frost resistance of the crops; the compound vitamin improves the stress resistance of crops by protecting cell membranes from being damaged or being slightly damaged, improving the photosynthesis efficiency and reducing the loss of the respiration capacity; the boron-containing substance and the zinc-containing substance are used for supplementing trace elements of crops, and can ensure the recombination of all raw materials at low temperature. The organic raw materials and the inorganic raw materials are combined, scientific compatibility, complementation and coordination are realized, the biological activity of crops and the resistance capability to freezing injury can be organically combined, the adaptability of the crops to a low-temperature stress environment is enhanced, the growth and development of the crops in the low-temperature environment are promoted, and the production cost is low.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a natural organic-inorganic combined anti-freezing preparation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
according to the technical scheme, a phosphorus and potassium-containing substance, a seaweed extract, fish protein, chitosan, proline, a vitamin complex, a boron-containing substance and a zinc-containing substance are used as raw materials, the phosphorus and potassium-containing substance can improve the content of soluble sugar and phospholipid of crops, reduce the freezing point of cytoplasm, enhance the temperature adaptability of cells, regulate air holes, inhibit evaporation and regulate the permeability of cell sap; the seaweed extract contains betaine, and the betaine can protect the structure and integrity of biomacromolecules under a freezing condition and maintain the physiological function of the biomacromolecules, so that the cold resistance of crops is improved; the fish protein is rich in protein, and can stabilize the membrane structure, improve photosynthesis and improve the cold resistance of crops; the chitosan can improve the activities of protective enzymes SOD, POD, CAT and APX, and increase the content of soluble protein and Pro, thereby enhancing the cold resistance and cold resistance of crops; the proline can increase the content of proline in crops and improve the frost resistance of the crops; the compound vitamin improves the stress resistance of crops by protecting cell membranes from being damaged or being slightly damaged, improving the photosynthesis efficiency and reducing the loss of the respiration capacity; the boron-containing substance and the zinc-containing substance are used for supplementing trace elements of crops, and can ensure the recombination of all raw materials at low temperature. The organic raw materials and the inorganic raw materials are combined, scientific compatibility, complementation and coordination are realized, the biological activity of crops and the resistance capability to freezing injury can be organically combined, the adaptability of the crops to a low-temperature stress environment is enhanced, the growth and development of the crops in the low-temperature environment are promoted, and the production cost is low.
The phosphorus and potassium-containing substance contains phosphorus and potassium as the name implies, and the phosphorus can improve the soluble sugar content of the crop volume, reduce the cytoplasm freezing point, simultaneously improve the phospholipid content and enhance the temperature adaptability of cells; potassium can regulate stomata, inhibit evaporation, regulate cell sap permeability, and adapt to water stress. Wherein, the mass percentage of the phosphorus-containing potassium substance in the anti-freezing preparation is 50 percent.
It should be noted that the source of the phosphorus-containing potassium material is not limited in the present invention, and a phosphorus-containing potassium material well known in the art is used, and preferably, the phosphorus-containing potassium material may be polymeric phosphorus potassium or potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In addition, the phosphorus-containing potassium substances are phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide, and the mass ratio of the phosphorus pentoxide to the potassium oxide is 3: 2.
the seaweed extract contains betaine, the accumulation of induced proline can be increased by the betaine, the stability of a photosystem under low-temperature stress can be kept by the betaine through keeping the stability of photosystem II complex protein, and the structure and integrity of biomacromolecules can be protected by the betaine under a freezing condition to maintain the physiological function of the biomacromolecules, so that the cold resistance of crops is improved.
The seaweed extract is obtained by extracting a deep-sea Ascophyllum nodosum raw material by an enzymolysis method. The deep-sea Ascophyllum nodosum is in a cold sea area, stimulates the deep-sea Ascophyllum to secrete more hormone-like substances per se and generates cold regulatory protein to resist cold, and the extracting solution of the deep-sea Ascophyllum also contains more hormone-like substances and cold regulatory protein, so that after the deep-sea Ascophyllum nodosum is used for crops, the deep-sea Ascophyllum nodosum can stimulate the crops to secrete the cold regulatory protein per se, start an anti-freezing and anti-adversity; improving the tolerance of cell dehydration to improve the cold resistance of crops.
The Sargassum extract is obtained by washing deep sea Ascophyllum nodosum of Ireland with water, oven drying at 90 deg.C for 13min, and grinding into 200 mesh fine powder; adding deionized water with the mass being 3 times that of the fine powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain the seaweed slurry.
Cellobiase and polygalacturonase are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing to obtain a first enzymolysis mixture; mixing the first enzymatic mixture with a seaweed slurry in a ratio of 1: 100, regulating the pH value to 5.5, regulating the reaction temperature, reacting for 21 hours at 50 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 5min after the reaction is finished to obtain a first zymolyte.
Polygalacturonase and bromelain were mixed at a ratio of 1: mixing the mixture according to the proportion of 0.9 to obtain a second enzymolysis mixture;
mixing the first substrate with the second substrate mixture in a ratio of 125: 1, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value of the reaction to 6.0, adjusting the reaction temperature, keeping the temperature for 3min after the reaction is finished, and obtaining a second zymolyte, wherein the reaction time is 19h and the reaction temperature is 45 ℃;
mixing the second zymolyte and bromelain in a ratio of 1000: 9, adjusting the pH value in the reaction kettle to 6.0, adjusting the reaction temperature to 18h and 46 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 5min after the reaction is finished to obtain a third zymolyte.
And introducing the third zymolyte in the reaction kettle to a centrifugal machine, centrifuging for 20min at 2200r/min, and collecting supernatant to obtain the seaweed extract.
The fish protein is rich in protein, and can stabilize the membrane structure, improve photosynthesis and improve the cold resistance of crops; and the fish protein provides nutrients for crops, enhances the growth vigor of the crops and improves the cold resistance. Wherein, the mass percentage of the fish protein in the antifreeze preparation is 5-10%.
The chitosan can improve the activities of protective enzymes SOD, POD, CAT and APX, and increase the content of soluble protein and Pro, thereby enhancing the cold resistance and cold resistance of crops. Wherein, the mass percentage of the chitosan in the anti-freezing preparation is 3-5%.
The proline can increase the content of proline in crops and improve the frost resistance of the crops. Wherein, the mass percentage of the proline in the antifreeze preparation is 3-5%.
The compound vitamin can improve the stress resistance of crops by protecting cell membranes from being damaged or not being damaged, improving the photosynthesis efficiency and reducing the loss of the respiration capability. The vitamin complex comprises vitamin B1 and vitamin C, wherein the mass ratio of the vitamin B1 to the vitamin C is (1-2): (1-3). Wherein, the mass percentage of the compound vitamin in the antifreeze preparation is 2-4%.
The boron-containing substance and the zinc-containing substance are used for supplementing trace elements of crops, and can ensure the recombination of all raw materials at low temperature; wherein the boron-containing substance is used for promoting the transportation of the photosynthetic products; the zinc-containing substance participates in photosynthesis, participates in carbon and nitrogen metabolism as a component of various enzymes, promotes protein metabolism, and improves stress resistance (drought resistance, heat resistance and freeze resistance). The sources of the boron-containing substance and the zinc-containing substance are not particularly limited in the present invention, and any boron-containing substance and zinc-containing substance known in the art may be used, and preferably, the boron-containing substance is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, and the zinc-containing substance is zinc EDTA.
Wherein, the mass percentage of the boron-containing substance in the antifreeze preparation is 0.1-0.5%, the mass percentage of the zinc-containing substance in the antifreeze preparation is 0.1-0.5%, and the mass percentage of the water in the antifreeze preparation is 10-30%.
The invention also provides a production method of the natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding a phosphorus-potassium-containing substance, a boron-containing substance and a zinc-containing substance, and stirring at 75-85 ℃ for reaction and dissolution;
2) cooling the mixture obtained in the step 1) to 45-55 ℃, adding the seaweed extract, the fish protein and the chitosan, and stirring and dissolving at 45-55 ℃;
3) adding proline and vitamin complex into the mixture obtained in the step 2), stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 45-55 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the vitamin E.
To further illustrate the present invention, a natural organically bound mineral antifreeze formulation and a method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1-example 5 the seaweed extract was obtained by washing deep sea algae of north irish with water, oven drying at 90 deg.c for 13min, and grinding to 200 mesh fine powder; adding deionized water with the mass being 3 times that of the fine powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain the seaweed slurry.
Cellobiase and polygalacturonase are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing to obtain a first enzymolysis mixture; mixing the first enzymatic mixture with a seaweed slurry in a ratio of 1: 100, regulating the pH value to 5.5, regulating the reaction temperature, reacting for 21 hours at 50 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 5min after the reaction is finished to obtain a first zymolyte.
Polygalacturonase and bromelain were mixed at a ratio of 1: mixing the mixture according to the proportion of 0.9 to obtain a second enzymolysis mixture;
mixing the first substrate with the second substrate mixture in a ratio of 125: 1, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value of the reaction to 6.0, adjusting the reaction temperature, keeping the temperature for 3min after the reaction is finished, and obtaining a second zymolyte, wherein the reaction time is 19h and the reaction temperature is 45 ℃;
mixing the second zymolyte and bromelain in a ratio of 1000: 9, adjusting the pH value in the reaction kettle to 6.0, adjusting the reaction temperature to 18h and 46 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 5min after the reaction is finished to obtain a third zymolyte.
And introducing the third zymolyte in the reaction kettle to a centrifugal machine, centrifuging for 20min at 2200r/min, and collecting supernatant to obtain the seaweed extract.
In order to further illustrate the invention, a natural organically bound mineral antifreeze formulation and a process for its production according to the invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The natural organic-inorganic combined anti-freezing preparation comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the phosphorus-containing potassium material is polymerized phosphorus potassium, the boron-containing material is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, the zinc-containing material is EDTA zinc, the vitamin complex comprises vitamin B1 and vitamin C, and the mass ratio of the vitamin B1 to the vitamin C is (1-2): (1-3).
The production method of the natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding a phosphorus-potassium-containing substance, a boron-containing substance and a zinc-containing substance, and stirring at 85 ℃ for reaction and dissolution;
2) cooling the mixture obtained in the step 1) to 55 ℃, adding the seaweed extract, the fish protein and the chitosan, and stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 55 ℃;
3) adding proline and vitamin complex into the mixture obtained in the step 2), stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 55 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the vitamin E.
Example 2
The natural organic-inorganic combined anti-freezing preparation comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the phosphorus-containing potassium material is monopotassium phosphate, the boron-containing material is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, the zinc-containing material is zinc EDTA, the vitamin complex comprises vitamin B1 and vitamin C, and the mass ratio of the vitamin B1 to the vitamin C is (1-2): (1-3).
The production method of the natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding a phosphorus-potassium-containing substance, a boron-containing substance and a zinc-containing substance, and stirring at 75 ℃ for reaction and dissolution;
2) cooling the mixture obtained in the step 1) to 45 ℃, adding the seaweed extract, the fish protein and the chitosan, and stirring and dissolving at 45 ℃;
3) adding proline and vitamin complex into the mixture obtained in the step 2), stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 45 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the vitamin E.
Example 3
The natural organic-inorganic combined anti-freezing preparation comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the phosphorus-containing potassium substances are phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide, and the mass ratio of the phosphorus pentoxide to the potassium oxide is 3: 2, the boron-containing substance is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, the zinc-containing substance is zinc EDTA, the vitamin complex comprises vitamin B1 and vitamin C, and the mass ratio of the vitamin B1 to the vitamin C is (1-2): (1-3).
The production method of the natural organic-inorganic anti-freezing preparation comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding a phosphorus-potassium-containing substance, a boron-containing substance and a zinc-containing substance, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ for reaction and dissolution;
2) cooling the mixture obtained in the step 1) to 50 ℃, adding the seaweed extract, the fish protein and the chitosan, and stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 50 ℃;
3) adding proline and vitamin complex into the mixture obtained in the step 2), stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 50 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the vitamin E.
Selecting 200 Chinese cabbage seedlings which grow well and have consistent growth vigor, dividing the seedlings into 4 groups, wherein 50 Chinese cabbage seedlings in each group are an experimental group 1-3 and a control group, the anti-freezing preparation in the embodiment 1 is applied to the experimental group 1, the anti-freezing preparation in the embodiment 2 is applied to the experimental group 2, the anti-freezing preparation in the embodiment 3 is applied to the experimental group 3, and distilled water is applied to the control group; the experimental groups 1-3 and the control group have the same spraying amount, and all the treatments are sprayed once a day for 5 days continuously until the liquid medicine on the leaf surfaces is dripped. And after the last spraying, putting the mixture into a low-temperature illumination incubator for low-temperature stress treatment at 5 ℃ (day/night). The treatment conditions were 4000Lx light, 14/10h light cycle (day/night), and the relative growth rate, dry matter accumulation rate, and relative conductivity were measured after 5 days of stress.
The method for measuring the relative growth rate and the dry matter accumulation rate comprises the following steps: randomly selecting 5 Chinese cabbage seedlings (5 are selected for 0d and 5 d) which are processed at low temperature from each group, cleaning with deionized water, air-drying, drying to constant weight, respectively weighing dry weight, and calculating related growth indexes; relative growth rate ═ W2-W1)/W(t2-t1) Wherein the dry matter accumulation rate is (W)2-W1)/(t2-t1)，W1The dry weight of Chinese cabbage seedling after 0d low temperature treatment, W2The dry weight of Chinese cabbage seedling after low temperature treatment for 5 days, W is the average dry weight of Chinese cabbage seedling from 0d to 5d, and W is (W ═2+W1)/2；t1Days for cryogenic treatment (i.e., 0), t2The results for the low temperature treatment days (i.e., 5) are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Experimental results for relative growth rates and cumulative rates of dry matter
| Relative growth rate | Rate of dry matter accumulation | |
| Experimental group 1 | 0.051 | 0.34 |
| Experimental group 2 | 0.058 | 0.38 |
| Experimental group 3 | 0.046 | 0.26 |
| Control group | 0.013 | 0.08 |
Relative conductivity test method: selecting 5 plants randomly in each group, washing with deionized water, slightly sucking attached water with clean filter paper, placing into numbered test tubes, adding 20mL deionized water, soaking for 2 hr, stirring with glass rod, and measuring the conductivity R of the solution in the test tube at room temperature with conductivity meter1Then placing in boiling water bath for 20min, cooling for 30min, stirring with glass rod, and measuring the conductivity R at room temperature2. The conductivity was measured with a conductivity meter. The relative conductivity calculation formula is: relative conductivity (%) ═(R2-R1) X 100%, the results are given in Table 2.
TABLE 2 relative conductivity test results)
| Relative electrical conductivity/%) | |
| Experimental group 1 | 28.6 |
| Experimental group 2 | 29.3 |
| Experimental group 3 | 26.7 |
| Control group | 20.5 |
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A natural organic-inorganic combined anti-freezing preparation is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
2. the natural organically-bound inorganic antifreeze formulation of claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-potassium-containing substance is a polymeric potassium phosphate or a monopotassium phosphate.
3. The natural organically-bound inorganic antifreeze formulation according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-potassium-containing substance is phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide, and the mass ratio of phosphorus pentoxide to potassium oxide is 3: 2.
4. the natural organically bound inorganic antifreeze formulation of claim 1, wherein the boron containing material is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and the zinc containing material is zinc EDTA.
5. The natural organically bound inorganic anti-freeze formulation according to claim 1, wherein vitamin complex comprises vitamin B1 and vitamin C in a mass ratio of vitamin B1 to vitamin C of (1-2): (1-3).
6. A process for the production of a natural organically bound antifreeze formulation as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the following steps:
1) adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding a phosphorus-potassium-containing substance, a boron-containing substance and a zinc-containing substance, and stirring at 75-85 ℃ for reaction and dissolution;
2) cooling the mixture obtained in the step 1) to 45-55 ℃, adding the seaweed extract, the fish protein and the chitosan, and stirring and dissolving at 45-55 ℃;
3) adding proline and vitamin complex into the mixture obtained in the step 2), stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 45-55 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the vitamin E.
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