CN114380642B - Microbial agent composition and application thereof in crop cultivation - Google Patents

Microbial agent composition and application thereof in crop cultivation Download PDF

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CN114380642B
CN114380642B CN202210113081.0A CN202210113081A CN114380642B CN 114380642 B CN114380642 B CN 114380642B CN 202210113081 A CN202210113081 A CN 202210113081A CN 114380642 B CN114380642 B CN 114380642B
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powder
microbial
cold
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CN114380642A (en
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卢志全
公丽凤
王金玲
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Zhang Wenyan
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Harbin Pigano Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
    • C12R2001/07—Bacillus
    • C12R2001/11—Bacillus megaterium
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
    • C12R2001/07—Bacillus
    • C12R2001/12—Bacillus polymyxa ; Paenibacillus polymyxa
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
    • C12R2001/07—Bacillus
    • C12R2001/125—Bacillus subtilis ; Hay bacillus; Grass bacillus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial agent composition and application thereof in crop cultivation, wherein the microbial agent composition comprises the following raw materials: 20-200 parts of a microbial agent; 1-4 parts of a cold-resistant agent; the microbial agent is at least one of a jelly-like paenibacillus agent, a rhodopseudomonas palustris agent, a bacillus subtilis agent, a bacillus megaterium agent and a paenibacillus polymyxa agent; the cold-resistant agent is at least one of desulfurized gypsum, seaweed meal and carotenoid. According to the invention, the soil and the crops are promoted to absorb the cold-resistant agent through the synergistic effect of the microbial agent and the cold-resistant agent, so that the physical and chemical properties and the component structure of the soil are improved, the cold-resistant performance of the crops is improved, the low-temperature environment can be better resisted, and the crops can grow normally.

Description

Microbial agent composition and application thereof in crop cultivation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a microbial agent composition and application thereof in crop cultivation.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, and rice is one of important grain crops in China and plays an important role in national economy. The growth of rice requires proper temperature, sufficient illumination, moisture and the like, and the growth of rice has certain requirements on the environment. The main producing area of rice in China is the northeast region, but the contradiction between the low temperature in the northeast region and the temperature preference of rice is one of the main problems in rice production. The early spring temperature in northeast is low, which may cause insufficient accumulated temperature and delayed cold damage in the rice growth period, and seriously affects the rice yield and quality. At the same time, the physiological activity of the rice is hindered, the permeability of cell membranes is changed, the capacity of removing free radicals is weakened, the photosynthesis is weakened, the contents of chlorophyll and antioxidant enzyme are reduced, so that the phenomena of weak seedling, rotten seedling, dead seedling and the like occur, and huge economic loss is caused.
In the prior art, the cold-resistant agent is usually added to reduce the cold damage of crops, but most of the cold-resistant agents have poor application effect and cannot effectively reduce the cold damage loss of the crops.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a microbial agent composition and application thereof in crop cultivation, so as to improve the cold resistance, provide nutrients, promote growth, increase yield and quality of crops cultivated in cold areas and improve and restore the ecological environment of soil.
The microbial agent composition provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-200 parts of a microbial agent;
1-4 parts of a cold-resistant agent;
the microbial agent is at least one of a jelly-like paenibacillus agent, a rhodopseudomonas palustris agent, a bacillus subtilis agent, a bacillus megaterium agent and a paenibacillus polymyxa agent;
the cold-resistant agent is at least one of desulfurized gypsum, seaweed meal and carotenoid.
The microbial agent has the effects of improving soil fertility, promoting crop growth, inducing crop resistance, promoting soil flora balance, improving soil physicochemical property, inhibiting harmful bacteria, improving crop quality and yield and the like; the microbial agent is applied to crop soil, so that the obvious fertilizer effect is exerted, the secretion of plant regulatory hormone and the absorption of nutrient elements can be promoted, and the microbial agent has the functions of fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphorus, dissolving potassium and the like, so that the cold damage resistance or cold damage resistance of crops is improved, and the normal growth of the crops is guaranteed. Although the microbial inoculum can not completely replace chemical fertilizers, the microbial inoculum can effectively reduce the using amount of chemical fertilizers and improve the utilization rate of traditional fertilizers, and has great significance in the aspects of improving soil fertility, ensuring soil health, promoting crop growth and the like.
In the cold-resistant agent, more calcium ions are released by the desulfurized gypsum under the action of the microbial bacteria, and the absorption of the calcium ions can enhance the nutrition of crops and improve the cold resistance of the crops; the calcium ions can also promote the growth of microorganisms and provide growth factors for the microorganisms; the seaweed meal is rich in nutrient components such as sugar, protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance and the like, can provide nutrient substances for microbial bacteria, promotes the microbial bacteria to secrete plant growth regulating hormone, and can improve the cold resistance of crops after being absorbed by the crops; the carotenoid is absorbed by crops under the action of the microbial bacteria, so that the cold tolerance of the crops can be obviously improved, meanwhile, the carotenoid directly provides a precursor substance for synthesizing the cold-resistant hormone for the microbial bacteria, and the synthesized cold-resistant hormone can be absorbed by the crops, so that the stress resistance of the crops is improved.
The microbial agent and the cold-resistant agent have synergistic effect of mutual promotion, namely, the life activity of the microbial agent strain can promote the release of components in the cold-resistant agent, so that the improvement of the absorption efficiency of crops is facilitated, the cold-resistant agent can promote the growth of the microbial agent and increase the secretion of the cold-resistant hormone, and the cold-resistant hormone is absorbed by the crops, so that the cold resistance of the crops is further improved, and the combined effect of the microbial agent and the cold-resistant agent results in that the cold-resistant and cold-resistant performances of the crops are obviously improved.
The bacillus subtilis used in the invention is obtained by separating and purifying soil, is identified as bacillus subtilis through morphology and 16sRNA, and is named as bacillus subtilis WJL-K8; the other strains used by the invention are obtained from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) and are subjected to cold-resistant domestication, and the serial numbers of the strains are respectively as follows: bacillus megaterium, CGMCC 1.1870, Rhodobacillus palustris, CGMCC1.2181, Paenibacillus polymyxa, CGMCC 1.877, Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, CGMCC 1.910.
The cold-resistant acclimation process of 5 strains comprises the following steps: after each strain is cultured under the optimum condition for 24 g, 1-2g of thalli are obtained through centrifugation at 3000r/m, the thalli are uniformly mixed with 10-20g of sterilized soil with the water content of 35-55 wt%, the mixture is placed in an aseptic container and stored at 0-4 ℃ for 48, 100mL of sterile distilled water is added, oscillation is carried out at 120r/m for 20min, standing is carried out for 3-5min, 5mL of upper-layer liquid is absorbed, the upper-layer liquid is respectively inoculated to the optimum culture medium and placed at 6-8 ℃ for culturing for 24h, and the circulation is repeated for training for 8-10 cycles, so that the cold-resistant domesticated strain is obtained. Wherein, the rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured anaerobically.
Optionally, the microbial agent consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003495433820000031
the cold-resistant agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
0.1-0.4 part of desulfurized gypsum;
1-4 parts of seaweed powder;
0.1-0.6 part of carotenoid;
the carotenoid is at least one of lutein powder, beta-carotene powder and lycopene powder;
the seaweed powder is at least one of kelp powder, undaria pinnatifida powder, gulfweed powder and sargassum thunbergii powder.
Optionally, the microbial agent is a mixture of strain freeze-dried powder, a mixture of strain fermentation broth or freeze-dried broth powder. The microbial agent and the cold-resistant agent can form a solid microbial agent composition or a liquid microbial agent composition.
For example, in one embodiment, the microbial agent is a strain fermentation liquid mixture, the effective viable count of the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, the effective viable count of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, the effective viable count of the Bacillus megaterium is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, and the effective viable count of the Paenibacillus polymyxa is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL.
Optionally, the raw materials comprise, by weight:
50-100 parts of a microbial agent;
2-4 parts of a cold-resistant agent.
Optionally, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50-100 parts of a microbial agent;
2-4 parts of a cold-resistant agent;
0.5-2 parts of fulvic acid.
Fulvic acid has the following effects: firstly, the growth of crops is regulated, the resistance of the crops is improved, and the effects of stress resistance of the crops and quality improvement and yield increase are obvious; secondly, the fulvic acid can promote substances in the cold-resistant agent to be absorbed and utilized by crops, and the fulvic acid solution is acidic, so that the release of calcium ions can be accelerated, and the solubility of the calcium ions in the desulfurized gypsum in the cold-resistant agent can be improved; the dissolution and release of effective components in the seaweed meal are promoted, and the absorption of the cold-resistant agent by crops is promoted; thirdly, the fulvic acid is rich in nutrients such as organic matters and the like, and can enhance the soil fertility and promote the growth of crops; fourthly, the fulvic acid can improve the activity of the root system of the crop, improve the activity of enzymes in the crop and promote the improvement of the stress resistance of the crop.
Optionally, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003495433820000041
the inorganic fertilizer is at least one of potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and silicon fertilizer.
Optionally, the potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium nitrate, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate.
Wherein the purity of potassium nitrate is 98%, K 2 The O content is 45.6 percent, and the N content is 13.6 percent; the purity of potassium chloride is 95 percent, K 2 The O content is 59.9%; potassium sulfate purity of 98%, K 2 The O content was 52.9%.
Optionally, the phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate with a purity of 99 percent, and P is 2 O 5 The content is 61.1 percent, and the N content is 12 percent.
Optionally, the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one of urea and ammonium nitrate. Wherein, the purity of the urea is 99 percent, and the N content is 46.2 percent; the purity of the ammonium nitrate is 98 percent, and the N content is 34.3 percent.
Optionally, the silicon fertilizer is solid powder with the purity of 99%, wherein SiO is 2 The content is more than or equal to 50 percent, and the content of the effective silicon is 23.3 percent. For silicon-loving cropsThe rice increases the content of available silicon in soil, and has better enhancing effect on the activity of rice root systems, photosynthesis, nutrient supply and rice stress resistance, thereby improving the rice yield and improving the rice quality.
Optionally, the raw materials comprise, by weight:
Figure BDA0003495433820000051
the trace elements are derived from at least one of EDTA chelated zinc powder, EDTA chelated manganese powder and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate powder.
Optionally, the purity of the EDTA chelated zinc powder is 98%, and the zinc content is 14.5%; the purity of the EDTA chelated manganese powder is 99 percent, and the manganese content is 16 percent; the purity of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate powder is 99%, and the boron content is 21%.
Optionally, the raw materials of the microbial agent composition comprise, by weight:
Figure BDA0003495433820000052
the defoaming agent is a polyether modified organic silicon defoaming agent. In the process of preparing a liquid microbial agent composition, a large amount of foams are generated, and the generation of the foams can cause reaction liquid to overflow and waste raw materials, reduce the uniformity of water dispersion of a product, influence the using effect of the product and pollute the surrounding environment, so that a defoaming agent is required to be added to solve the foaming problem.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the microbial agent composition, and the components are mixed according to the weight part ratio to form a mixture.
Optionally, when the raw material contains fulvic acid, the fulvic acid is mixed with the strain fermentation liquor, and then the cold-resistant agent, the inorganic fertilizer and the defoaming agent are added and mixed. The operation can ensure that the solubility of the desulfurized gypsum in the cold-resistant agent in the acid solution is higher than that of water, the utilization rate of algal polysaccharide in the seaweed powder is improved under the acid condition, and meanwhile, the activity of the silicon fertilizer is enhanced under the acid condition and the content of effective silicon is increased.
The invention also provides application of the microbial agent composition in crop cultivation. The microbial agent composition is applied before or in the growth process of crops, so that the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced, nutrition is provided for the growth of the crops, the cold resistance and cold resistance of the crops can be improved, and the crops can still grow normally under the condition of lower temperature.
For example, in one embodiment, the crop is rice, the minimum seedling temperature is 4-12 ℃, and the field growth temperature is 4-38 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following technical effects:
(1) the microbial agent composition provided by the invention comprises a microbial agent and a cold-resistant agent with synergistic effects, and is applied to crop cultivation, the microbial agent can improve the microbial population structure of soil, and promote the release of nutrient components in the cold-resistant agent, inorganic fertilizer and the like so as to be conveniently utilized by crops, and the cold-resistant agent is taken as the nutrient component to be absorbed by the crops on one hand, and can promote the microorganisms to synthesize the cold-resistant hormone capable of being absorbed by the crops on the other hand, so that the cold-resistant performance of the crops is further improved, and the crops can better resist a low-temperature environment and grow normally.
(2) The microbial agent composition can effectively decompose insoluble substances such as phosphorus, potassium, minerals and the like in soil, loosen the soil, improve the granular structure of the soil, enhance the physiological performance of the soil, protect crop root systems from being invaded by pathogenic microorganisms and play a role in alleviating crop diseases.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
(1) Uniformly mixing 15kg of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus fermented liquid, 8kg of Rhodopseudomonas palustris fermented liquid, 20kg of Bacillus subtilis fermented liquid, 20kg of Bacillus megaterium fermented liquid and 15kg of Paenibacillus polymyxa fermented liquid to obtain 78kg of a strain fermented liquid mixture;
(2) uniformly mixing 0.4kg of desulfurized gypsum, 0.5kg of kelp powder, 0.5kg of undaria pinnatifida powder, 0.5kg of sargassum thunbergii powder, 0.3kg of lutein powder, 0.2kg of beta-carotene and 0.1kg of lycopene powder to obtain 3.0kg of cold-resistant agent;
(3) uniformly mixing 78kg of strain fermentation liquor mixture and 3.0kg of cold-resistant agent to prepare a microbial agent composition A;
(4) the effective viable count, the rate of undesired bacteria and the pH of the microbial inoculum composition A were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
(1) Fully and uniformly mixing 15kg of paenibacillus jellylike zymocyte liquid, 8kg of rhodopseudomonas palustris zymocyte liquid, 20kg of bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, 20kg of bacillus megaterium zymocyte liquid and 15kg of paenibacillus polymyxa zymocyte liquid to obtain 78kg of strain zymocyte liquid mixture;
(2) uniformly mixing 0.4kg of desulfurized gypsum, 0.5kg of kelp powder, 0.5kg of undaria pinnatifida powder, 0.5kg of sargassum thunbergii powder, 0.3kg of lutein powder, 0.2kg of beta-carotene and 0.1kg of lycopene powder to obtain 3.0kg of cold-resistant agent;
(3) sequentially adding 1kg of fulvic acid and 3.0kg of cold-resistant agent into 78kg of the strain fermentation broth mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a microbial agent composition B;
(4) the effective viable count, the rate of undesired bacteria, and the pH of the microbial inoculant composition B were determined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(1) Uniformly mixing 15kg of a paenibacillus jelly fermentation liquid, 8kg of a rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquid, 20kg of a bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid, 20kg of a bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid and 15kg of a paenibacillus polymyxa fermentation liquid to obtain 78kg of a strain fermentation liquid mixture;
(2) uniformly mixing 0.4kg of desulfurized gypsum, 0.5kg of kelp powder, 0.5kg of undaria pinnatifida powder, 0.5kg of sargassum thunbergii powder, 0.3kg of lutein powder, 0.2kg of beta-carotene and 0.1kg of lycopene powder to obtain 3.0kg of cold-resistant agent;
(3) uniformly mixing 1.5kg of potassium chloride, 0.2kg of potassium nitrate, 0.1kg of potassium sulfate, 1kg of urea, 0.3kg of ammonium nitrate, 1.1kg of monoammonium phosphate and 0.6kg of silicon fertilizer to obtain 4.8kg of inorganic fertilizer;
(4) uniformly mixing 0.2kg of EDTA chelated zinc powder, 0.1kg of EDTA chelated manganese powder and 0.05kg of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate to obtain 0.35kg of trace elements;
(5) firstly, uniformly mixing 1kg of fulvic acid and 78kg of a mixture of strain fermentation liquor, and then adding 3.0kg of a cold-resistant agent, 4.8kg of an inorganic fertilizer, 0.35kg of trace elements and 1kg of a defoaming agent to prepare a microbial agent composition C;
(6) the effective viable count, the rate of undesired bacteria, and the pH of the microbial inoculant composition C were determined and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
(1) Uniformly mixing 10kg of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus fermented liquid, 5kg of Rhodopseudomonas palustris fermented liquid, 10kg of Bacillus subtilis fermented liquid, 10kg of Bacillus megaterium fermented liquid and 10kg of Paenibacillus polymyxa fermented liquid to obtain 45kg of a strain fermented liquid mixture;
(2) uniformly mixing 0.8kg of kelp powder, 0.2kg of undaria pinnatifida powder, 0.8kg of sargassum powder and 0.2kg of sargassum thunbergii powder to obtain 2kg of cold-resistant agent;
(3) uniformly mixing 1.0kg of potassium nitrate, 0.5kg of potassium chloride, 0.2kg of potassium sulfate, 0.5kg of urea, 0.5kg of ammonium nitrate, 1.0kg of monoammonium phosphate and 0.5kg of silicon fertilizer to obtain 4.2kg of inorganic fertilizer;
(4) uniformly mixing 0.12kg of EDTA chelated zinc powder, 0.08kg of EDTA chelated manganese powder and 0.05kg of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate to obtain 0.25kg of trace elements;
(5) firstly, 0.5kg of fulvic acid and 45kg of a mixture of the strain fermentation liquor are uniformly mixed, and then 2.0kg of cold-resistant agent, 4.2kg of inorganic fertilizer, 0.25kg of trace elements and 0.5kg of defoaming agent are added to prepare a microbial agent composition D;
(6) the effective viable count, the rate of undesired bacteria and the pH of the microbial inoculum composition D were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
(1) Uniformly mixing 15kg of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus fermented liquid, 10kg of Rhodopseudomonas palustris fermented liquid, 15kg of Bacillus subtilis fermented liquid, 15kg of Bacillus megaterium fermented liquid and 15kg of Paenibacillus polymyxa fermented liquid to obtain 70kg of a strain fermented liquid mixture;
(2) uniformly mixing 0.3kg of desulfurized gypsum, 0.8kg of kelp powder, 0.5kg of undaria pinnatifida powder, 0.6kg of sargassum powder, 0.2kg of sargassum thunbergii powder, 0.3kg of lutein powder, 0.2kg of beta-carotene and 0.1kg of lycopene powder to obtain 3.0kg of cold-resistant agent;
(3) uniformly mixing 1.0kg of potassium nitrate, 0.1kg of urea, 0.7kg of ammonium nitrate, 0.7kg of monoammonium phosphate and 0.6kg of silicon fertilizer to obtain 3.1kg of inorganic fertilizer;
(4) uniformly mixing 0.06kg of EDTA chelated zinc powder, 0.08kg of EDTA chelated manganese powder and 0.05kg of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate to obtain 0.19kg of trace elements;
(5) firstly, 0.8kg of fulvic acid and 70kg of a mixture of the strain fermentation liquor are uniformly mixed, and then 3.0kg of cold-resistant agent, 3.1kg of inorganic fertilizer, 0.19kg of trace elements and 0.5kg of defoaming agent are added to prepare a microbial agent composition E;
(6) the effective viable count, the rate of undesired bacteria, and the pH of the microbial inoculant composition E were determined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 6
The microbial preparation composition F was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 without adding rhodopseudomonas palustris solution, and the effective viable cell count, the infectious microbe ratio, and the pH thereof were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 7
The microbial agent composition G was prepared in the same manner as in example 2 without adding kelp powder, undaria pinnatifida powder, gulfweed powder, and sargassum thunbergii powder, and the effective viable count, infectious microbe ratio, and pH thereof were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The strain fermentation broth mixture and the cold resistance agent were not added, and the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2
The strain broth mixture was not added and the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3
The other components were the same as in example 3 without adding a cold resistance agent.
TABLE 1 effective viable count, rate of undesired bacteria and pH
Figure BDA0003495433820000101
Figure BDA0003495433820000111
The application effect of the microbial agent composition of the invention is further illustrated by rice seedling raising experiments and field experiments.
1. Basic conditions of experimental base
TABLE 2 basic conditions of the experimental bases
Figure BDA0003495433820000112
2. Variety of test rice
Harjing rice No. 2 was selected as the experimental rice variety for planting.
3. Experimental Material
The microbial inoculant compositions prepared in examples 1-3 and the compositions prepared in comparative examples 1-3.
4. Experimental methods
4.1 seedling test
Before seedling culture, applying the microbial agent composition prepared in the embodiment 1-3 to seedling culture soil of a seedling culture plate 1-3 respectively; respectively applying the compositions prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 3 to seedling raising soil of the seedling raising trays 1 to 3, wherein the application amount is 0.05 kg/tray; the composition is not applied to the control seedling raising tray seedling raising soil, the same amount of water is applied, and other management is the same.
Selecting seeds with consistent maturity, 0.6% diluted HNO 3 Breaking dormancy for 16h, and then putting into an incubator at 28-30 ℃ for 40-48h for accelerating germination. Sowing seeds with good germination acceleration into a seedling raising tray in sequence, marking a processing sequence number on the edge of the tray by using a marker pen, and then placing the tray in a rice light-temperature controllable growth chamber for growth, wherein the specific growth conditions are as follows:
the culture temperature is as follows: 12h in the daytime, 20-26 ℃; adjusting the temperature to 4-12 deg.C for 1 time at 12 hr at 15-20 deg.C, 16-17d after emergence of seedlings and 1h at the last night.
The photoperiod: 12 hours in the day; 12 hours at night; ambient humidity: relative humidity (Rh) about 80%; the illumination intensity is as follows: 2500-.
12h after treatment, the indexes of the cold resistance of the rice seedlings are determined as follows: conductivity, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, free proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) content, Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, Peroxidase (POX) content, and Catalase (CAT) content.
4.2 field test
The test is carried out in a Harlan city Xiangfang area Happy town test paddy field (the temperature is 4-38 ℃ in 5-10 months), the paddy field is divided into 7 areas, the length of each area is 6m, the width of each area is 3m, 6 areas are test areas, and 1 area is a control area. The 6 zones are respectively marked as an experimental zone 1, an experimental zone 2, an experimental zone 3, a comparison zone 1, a comparison zone 2 and a comparison zone 3, and the experimental zones 1-3 are respectively applied with the microbial agent compositions prepared in the embodiments 1-3 at the 7 th stage before rice transplanting; the compositions prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 3 are applied to the comparison areas 1 to 3 respectively, and the application amount is 25 kilograms per mu; the control zone was not administered with the composition and the control zone was otherwise administered as in the experimental zone and was performed as usual.
After the rice is mature, various indexes of the rice in various regions are measured, including plant height, ear length, ear grain number, seed setting rate, thousand grain weight and yield.
5. Results of the experiment
TABLE 3 influence of microbial inoculant compositions on Cold resistance of Rice seedlings
Figure BDA0003495433820000121
Figure BDA0003495433820000131
As can be seen from Table 3, compared with the comparison area and the control area, the experiment areas 1-3 respectively applied with the microbial inoculant compositions prepared in the embodiments 1-3 of the present invention can slow down the increase of the conductivity of rice seedlings under low temperature stress, maintain the integrity of cell membranes, and reduce the electrolyte extravasation; the content of stress-resistant substances such as chlorophyll, soluble sugar, free proline and the like in the rice seedling body is obviously improved, the activity of stress-resistant enzymes such as SOD, POX, CAT enzyme and the like in the rice seedling body is improved, an antioxidant system of cells is activated, the capability of removing free radicals of the rice seedling is improved, the balance of generation and removal of the free radicals of the rice seedling cells is maintained, and therefore the cells are prevented from being damaged by the free radicals; reducing MDA content, reducing damage degree of cell lipid of rice seedling, and improving active oxygen scavenging ability of cell, so as to improve cold resistance of rice seedling and reduce cold damage to rice seedling. The microbial agent composition has the cold resistance and the lasting period of 29 to 46 days, and can overcome the main defects of unobvious cold resistance effect, short lasting period and the like in the prior art.
TABLE 4 Experimental results on the planting conditions of rice
Figure BDA0003495433820000132
Figure BDA0003495433820000141
As can be seen from Table 4, after the microbial inoculant composition is applied, the indexes of plant height, ear length, ear grain number, setting rate, thousand grain weight and yield of rice are all obviously higher than those of a comparison area and a comparison area, the yield is increased by 9.7% in comparison with the comparison area, and the yield is increased by 12.6% in comparison with the comparison area. This demonstrates that the application of the microbial inoculant composition of the present invention can improve the yield and quality of rice.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all changes that are equivalent to the structural changes made by the present specification shall be embraced within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A microbial agent composition for rice cultivation is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-200 parts of a microbial agent;
1-4 parts of a cold-resistant agent;
the microbial agent consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003769260040000011
the cold-resistant agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
0.1-0.4 part of desulfurized gypsum;
1-4 parts of seaweed powder;
0.1-0.6 part of carotenoid;
the carotenoid is at least one of lutein powder, beta-carotene powder and lycopene powder;
the seaweed powder is at least one of kelp powder, undaria pinnatifida powder, gulfweed powder and sargassum thunbergii powder.
2. The microbial agent composition according to claim 1, wherein the microbial agent is a mixture of strain fermentation liquids, the number of effective viable bacteria of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria of Bacillus megaterium is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL, and the number of effective viable bacteria of Paenibacillus polymyxa is more than or equal to 4 hundred million cfu/mL.
3. The microbial inoculant composition according to claim 2, wherein the raw materials comprise, in parts by weight:
50-100 parts of a microbial agent;
2-4 parts of a cold-resistant agent.
4. The microbial inoculant composition according to claim 3, comprising, in parts by weight:
50-100 parts of a microbial agent;
2-4 parts of a cold-resistant agent;
0.5-2 parts of fulvic acid.
5. The microbial inoculant composition according to claim 4, comprising, in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003769260040000021
the inorganic fertilizer is at least one of potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and silicon fertilizer.
6. The microbial inoculant composition according to claim 5, wherein the raw materials comprise, in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003769260040000022
the trace elements are derived from at least one of EDTA chelated zinc powder, EDTA chelated manganese powder and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate powder.
7. The microbial inoculant composition according to claim 6, wherein the raw materials of the microbial inoculant composition comprise, in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003769260040000023
Figure FDA0003769260040000031
the defoaming agent is a polyether modified organic silicon defoaming agent.
8. Use of the microbial inoculant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in crop cultivation.
9. The application of the compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the crop is rice, the minimum seedling temperature is 4-12 ℃, and the field growth temperature is 4-38 ℃.
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