CN102274163B - 一种姜黄素纳米胶束制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种姜黄素纳米胶束制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种姜黄素纳米胶束制剂及其制备方法。该制剂由姜黄素与两亲性嵌段共聚物组成,将姜黄素与两亲性嵌段共聚物混合溶解于有机溶剂中,旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,得到的含药物薄膜真空干燥过夜除去残留的有机溶剂后,加入水相,超声分散并联合35℃-38℃恒温振荡,得到胶束溶液,高速离心后,上清即为姜黄素纳米胶束制剂。本发采用改良的薄膜分散法法制备姜黄素纳米胶束,提高了姜黄素在水中溶解度,制剂载药量可达8%,胶束粒径在100nm以下,其结构稳定、粒径小、低毒、安全性好、体内循环时间长、易于保存等。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种姜黄素纳米胶束制剂及其制备方法,属于医药应用技术领域。
背景技术
姜黄素(curcumin,Cur)是从姜科姜属(curcuma L.)植物姜黄、莪术、郁金等的根茎中提取的一种酚类化合物,药理实验表明,姜黄素除具有抗炎、抗癌、抗氧化作用外,还对对肺癌、结肠癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌等细胞的产生、增殖、转移均有抑制作用,国外利用Cur对多种癌症的治疗研究已处于临床实验阶段。但其水中溶解度极低,在体内被快速代谢;口服吸收差,大鼠口服生物利用度只有1%,因此限制了其在临床的应用。因此,利用生物可降解性的材料,改善姜黄素的溶解度、稳定性、提高其生物利用度是医药学面临的急待解决的问题。
聚乳酸(polylactide PLA)由于其特殊的物理和化学性质,尤其是可降解性和生物相容性,得到了的广泛研究,并得到美国食品与药物管理委员会(FDA)的批准成为可进入人体的生物可降解材料。早在上世纪50年代就开始了PLA的合成及应用研究,在1966年就有用PLA作可吸收的外科缝线的报道,它在作为药物载体方面有着很好的应用前景。甲氧基聚乙二醇(MPEG)具有特殊的物理化学性质和生物性质,包括生物相容性、亲水性、无毒、无免疫原性(参见Senthilkumar M,Mishra P,J Drug Target,2008,16:424-435)。合成的MPEG-PLA作为载体,紫杉醇做为模型药物,已进入临床I期研究(参见Tae-You Kim,Dong-Wan KimJae-Yong Chung Clinical Cancer Research 2004,10,3708-3716,),紫杉醇的载药量可达5%(参见Yuancai Dong,Si-Shen Feng.Biomaterials 2007,28:4154-4160),此载体可通过EPR效应增加紫杉醇在肿瘤部位的吸收(参见C.Zhan et al.Journal of Controlled Release 2010,143136-142)。因此采用生物可降解的、高载药量的材料制备姜黄素胶束,欲增加姜黄素的溶解度和稳定性,提高其生物利用度。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供一种姜黄素纳米胶束制剂及其制备方法。
术语说明:
薄膜分散法:将聚乙二醇-聚乳酸等表面活性剂及脂溶性药物于圆底烧瓶中,用适量有机溶剂溶解,旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,在烧瓶内壁上形成薄膜,真空干燥除去残留的有机溶剂,将水溶性药物溶于磷酸盐缓冲液等水相,将适量体积的水相加入烧瓶中不断搅拌,过膜或离心除去未包封的或大的粒子,即得澄清透明的胶束溶液。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明的姜黄素纳米胶束制剂,原料重量份组成为:姜黄素1~50份,两亲性嵌段共聚物10~100份;所述的两亲性嵌段共聚物为甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸两嵌段共聚物;以甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸作为载体,采用薄膜分散法制备而成。
优选的原料组成为:
姜黄素8份,甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸两嵌段共聚物80份;
或者,
姜黄素4.8份,甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸两嵌段共聚物80份;
或者,
姜黄素1.6份,甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸两嵌段共聚物80份。
根据本发明优选的,所述甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸两嵌段共聚物分子量范围是3500-4500。
本发明的姜黄素纳米胶束制剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将姜黄素与两亲性嵌段共聚物混合溶解于有机溶剂中,待完全溶解后,旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,得到的含药物薄膜经真空干燥过夜除去残留的有机溶剂后,加入水相,超声分散5-30min并联合35℃-38℃恒温振荡,高速离心后,上清即为姜黄素纳米胶束制剂。
上述步骤得到姜黄素纳米胶束制剂,继续以下步骤制备冻干制剂:
加入质量体积比(w/v,g/ml)1%~4%的冻干保护剂,冷冻干燥,得姜黄素纳米胶束冻干制剂。
根据本发明优选的,所述的冻干保护剂选自下列之一或它们的组合:甘露醇、蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖或海藻糖,优选为甘露醇。
根据本发明优选的,所述有机溶剂为甲醇、丙酮、二氯甲烷或乙腈中的一种或组合。
根据本发明优选的,所述旋转蒸发的温度为15℃~60℃。
根据本发明优选的,所述水相为去离子水,加入量按以下标准:在加入80mg的两亲嵌段共聚物时,水相的体积为2-20ml。
根据本发明优选的,所述高速离心,转速7,000-12,000rpm,离心时间为5-30min。
所述的姜黄素纳米胶束制剂的制备方法,在单因素考察之后,用星点设计进行处方优化。
本发明所述的质量体积比(w/v)单位是g/ml。
本发明的姜黄素纳米胶束,以甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸(MPEG-PLA)作为载体,采用改良的薄膜分散法制备而成,制剂的包封率大于80%,载药量最高可达8%,胶束粒径在100nm以下,具备被动靶向性,另外,所采用的生物可降解的材料MPEG-PLA低毒、安全性好,聚乙二醇(PEG)在粒子表面形成亲水的壳,可以延长体内循环时间、增加粒子的稳定性,最终增加姜黄素的生物利用度。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的姜黄素纳米胶束的电镜照片,放大5,800倍。
图2为本发明实施例3的姜黄素纳米胶束的电镜照片,放大5,800倍。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作详细的阐述,但不限于这些具体记载的实施例。所使用原料没有特别说明的均为市售。
两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸为济南岱罡生物科技有限公司产品,分子量范围是3500-4500。
实施例1:
称取姜黄素8.0mg,两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸80.0mg,用适量的二氯甲烷搅拌溶解后,30℃水浴旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,真空干燥箱中干燥过夜后,得干燥透明的药膜骨架,加入2.0ml的去离子水,室温条件下超声分散15min,并联合37℃恒温振荡,10000rpm离心20min后(以除去未包封的结晶药物),上清即为透明的姜黄素胶束制剂。
该胶束制剂中,姜黄素包封率为87.5%,载药量8.05%,在4℃保存24h,无药物沉淀析出。取该胶束制剂适量稀释后,滴加于铜网上,用2%磷钨酸溶液进行负染,自然干燥后在透射电镜下观察,为圆整、均匀的球形粒子,粒径在20~60nm之间,表面光滑,不粘连,成形性好,如图1所示。
实施例2:
称取姜黄素4.8mg,两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸80.0mg,用适量的甲醇搅拌溶解后,40℃水浴旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,真空干燥箱中干燥过夜后,得干燥透明的药膜骨架,加入13.95ml的去离子水,室温条件下超声分散20min,并联合37℃恒温振荡,10000rpm离心20min后(以除去未包封的结晶药物),上清即为透明的姜黄素胶束制剂。该胶束制剂姜黄素包封率为82.4%,载药量6.82%,在4℃保存24h,无药物沉淀析出。
实施例3:
称取姜黄素1.6mg,两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸80.0mg,用适量的丙酮搅拌溶解后,60℃水浴旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,真空干燥箱中干燥过夜后,得干燥透明的药膜骨架,加入9ml的去离子水,室温条件下超声分散15min,并联合37℃恒温振荡,10000rpm离心25min后(以除去未包封的结晶药物),上清即为透明的姜黄素胶束制剂。
加入4%(w/v)的甘露醇冷冻干燥,制备冻干剂。取冻干剂适量用生理盐水复溶,取该溶液适量,滴加于铜网上,用2%(w/v)磷钨酸溶液进行负染,自然干燥后在透射电镜下观察,为圆整的球形粒子,粒径在20~60nm之间,说明冻干过程对制剂无显著影响,如图2所示。
实施例4:
称取姜黄素4.8mg,两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸80.0mg,用适量的二氯甲烷一乙腈混合溶剂搅拌溶解后,室温水浴旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,真空干燥箱中干燥过夜后,得干燥透明的药膜骨架,加入9ml的去离子水,室温条件下超声分散15min,并联合37℃恒温振荡,10000rpm离心20min后(以除去未包封的结晶药物),上清即为透明的姜黄素胶束制剂,加入4%(w/v)的甘露醇作为冻干保护剂,溶解后冻干,制备冻干剂。取冻干剂适量用生理盐水复溶,取该溶液适量,滴加于铜网上,用2%(w/v)磷钨酸溶液进行负染,自然干燥后在透射电镜下观察,为圆整的球形粒子,粒径在20~60nm之间。
实施例5:,
称取姜黄素4.8mg,两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸80.0mg,用适量的二氯甲烷混合溶剂搅拌溶解后,室温水浴旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,真空干燥箱中干燥过夜后,得干燥透明的药膜骨架,加入2ml的去离子水,室温条件下超声分散15min,并联合37℃恒温振荡,10000rpm离心10min后(以除去未包封的结晶药物),上清即为透明的姜黄素胶束制剂,加入4%(w/v)的甘露醇作为冻干保护剂,溶解后冻干,制备冻干剂。取冻干剂适量用生理盐水复溶,取该溶液适量,滴加于铜网上,用2%(w/v)磷钨酸溶液进行负染,自然干燥后在透射电镜下观察,为圆整的球形粒子,粒径在20~60nm之间。
Claims (1)
1.一种姜黄素纳米胶束制剂,其特征在于按照如下方法制备而成:
称取姜黄素8.0mg,两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚乳酸80.0mg,用适量的二氯甲烷搅拌溶解后,30℃水浴旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,真空干燥箱中干燥过夜后得干燥透明的药膜骨架,加入2.0ml的去离子水,室温条件下超声分散15min,并联合37℃恒温振荡,10000rpm离心20min后,上清即为透明的姜黄素纳米胶束制剂。
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CN105646861B (zh) * | 2014-12-02 | 2018-07-03 | 上海交通大学 | 基于聚姜黄素的两亲性嵌段共聚物及其应用 |
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CN106619507B (zh) * | 2016-11-30 | 2020-08-04 | 陕西师范大学 | 一种包载难溶性抗肿瘤药物姜黄素聚合物胶束及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN110840838A (zh) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-28 | 山东大学 | 一种半乳糖受体介导的混合胶束口服制剂及其制备方法 |
CN109223711B (zh) * | 2018-09-19 | 2021-06-01 | 辽宁大学 | 薄膜水化法控制莪术醇衍生物peg-pla胶束粒径的方法 |
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CN109125294A (zh) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-04 | 中山大学惠州研究院 | 一种姜黄素的包裹方法 |
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