CN102225879A

CN102225879A - Method for cultivating edible mushroom by utilizing cotton stalk powder material

Info

Publication number: CN102225879A
Application number: CN2011101001370A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘洋; 彭道坤; 王英; 田泽国; 卢赐军; 宋祥军
Original assignee: LIXIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: LIXIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2011-04-21
Filing date: 2011-04-21
Publication date: 2011-10-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-21
Also published as: CN102225879B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating edible mushroom by utilizing a cotton stalk powder material. In the invention, an adopted cotton stalk powder material edible mushroom culture medium comprises the following components by weight percent: 55-60% of cotton stalk powder, 10-15% of fine earth, 20-25% of wheat bran, 0.5-2% of superphosphate, 1-3% of lime and 0.1-0.5% of urea. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: preparing materials; smashing; preparing a deep liquid of a fertilizer; fermenting; bagging and sterilizing; and inoculating, sheding, and obtaining the grown edible mushroom after 28 days. The method has the advantages that because cotton stalk is a main waste in a country especially cottonbelt, is plentiful in quantity, is long in land occupation, is difficult to pull up from the ground and also has small possibility of treating, thereby causing multiple troubles for cotton growers; and after the cotton stalk is used as a raw material for growing the edible mushroom, wastes are utilized and turned into wealth, and simultaneously a way for treating the cotton stalk is found for the cotton growers, thereby reducing multiple troubles; and the ingredients of the cotton stalk powder material as the edible mushroom culture medium are less, proportioning is reliable, cost is low, and the yield of the edible mushroom can be improved, thus the cost is reduced by 70% and the yield of the edible mushroom is increased by 30%, as compared with cotton seed hull base material.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing cotton stalk powder culturing edible fungus

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing cotton stalk powder culturing edible fungus, belong to technical field of edible fungi production.

Background technology

Edible mushrooms is that a kind of people like eating, and the vegetable based food that is of high nutritive value, it also is the good project that vast farmers is used for shaking off poverty and setting out on the road to prosperity, though natural wild edible mushrooms is nice, but restriction because of weather or geographical conditions, this natural wild edible fungus must be finished seldom, can not satisfy numerous town dwellers' consumers demand.Therefore, the edible mushrooms that disappears and sell on the vegetables market all is that artificial culture comes out generally at present, and its method is that the edible fungus species of different varieties is transplanted on the substratum of multiple differing materials, under manually operated temperature humidity condition, allow it grow into different edible mushroomss; The culture medium of edible fungus that past people adopts, be to adopt cotton seed hulls mostly, rape shell or other plant fiber because these raw materials itself are just few, add that the people of use is many, cause culture medium of edible fungus raw material anxiety, price is constantly soaring, is that raw material is used as substratum though big, the inexpensive cotton stalk of people's employing amount is arranged, because of its composition of raw materials or cultivating method improper, cause product bacterium rate not too high, be difficult to penetration and promotion.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel method with cotton stalk powder culturing edible fungus, utilization ratio and product bacterium rate in order to improve cotton stalk reduce the Edible Fungi cost, simplify cultivation technique, promote shaping up of edible mushrooms industry.

The inventor has been engaged in research and the production of edible mushrooms since 1993 always, particularly since 1997 just always research experiment make the substratum of edible mushrooms with cotton stalk, through effort for many years, sum up a rational formula and a cultivation technique of making culture medium of edible fungus with the cotton stalk powder at last: the composition and the weight percent of the cotton stalk powder culture medium of edible fungus that the present invention adopts are: cotton stalk powder 55-60%, fine earth 10-15%, wheat bran 20-25%, calcium superphosphate 0.5-2%, lime 1-3%, urea 0.1-0.5%.

The cultivating method that the present invention adopts, it comprises the steps:

1, gets the raw materials ready: get all the whole culture medium raw materials ready by the above-mentioned raw materials proportioning;

2, pulverize: cotton stalk powder is broken into the powder that diameter is 8-10mm with pulverizer;

3, make the dark liquid of fertilizer: with calcium superphosphate, lime and urea are put into water and are dissolved;

4, fermentation: cotton stalk powder, fine earth and the wheat bran after will pulverizing is with making the fertilizer aqueous solution, after stirring, by every square metre of windrow 50kg heap fermentation, turns over the secondary heap in per 24 hours, extremely when the temperature of turning sour reaches 100 ℃, just stops to ferment;

5, pack sterilization: with raw material by fermentation, use plastic bag packaging, under 100 ℃ of high temperature, kept 8～10 hours, reach the purpose of sterilization;

6, inoculate, go into canopy: the former pocket that will sterilize, flat mushroom strain is implanted the two ends of packing bag, put into the previously prepd plastic greenhouse then, keep 20～25 ℃ of temperature in the canopy, humidity remains on 70～80%, keeps health in the canopy, prevents the intrusion of worm poison, prevent that assorted bacterium from producing, the edible mushrooms that grows after 28 days just can go out canopy and go on the market.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:

1, cotton stalk is the main waste of special cotton growing area, rural area, not only quantity is many, the occupation of land time is long, also because be difficult to pull out from ground, also is difficult to handle, cause many troubles to the cotton grower, with its be used for the growth edible mushrooms raw material after, be not only utilization of waste material, turn waste into wealth, also, reduce many troubles for the cotton grower has found a kind of approach of handling cotton stalk;

2, the batching of cultivating other as edible mushrooms with the cotton stalk powder is few, reasonable ratio, and cost is low, can also improve the output of edible mushrooms, and compares as base-material with cotton seed hulls, and not only cost reduces by 70%, and the output of edible mushrooms also will increase by 30%;

3, production method is simple, and easy handling helps applying;

4, applied widely: the substratum of this cotton stalk preparation of powder, can production multiple eating bacterium, through experiment, its is fit to the cultivating and growing of chicken pin mushroom, needle mushroom, particularly mushroom and flat mushroom.

[embodiment]

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment:

Embodiment 1: with the method that the cotton stalk powder is cultivated flat mushroom, it comprises the steps:

1. get the raw materials ready: get all the following raw material of cultivating base by weight ratio ready, cotton stalk 55%, fine earth 15%, wheat bran 25%, calcium superphosphate 0.5%, lime 1%, urea 0.1%;

2. pulverize: will pulverize machine with stainless steel after the cotton stalk drying, be ground into the powder that diameter is 8mm, stand-by;

3. making fertilizer solution: calcium superphosphate, lime and urea are put into container, blunge, it is dissolved fully, it is stand-by to make fertilizer liquid;

4. fermentation: cotton stalk powder, fine earth and wheat bran after will pulverizing, mix stirring with the fertilizer water of making, again with the powder of mixing thoroughly, by every square metre of 1～50kg windrow, standing for fermentation, turning in per 24 hours once extremely stop fermentation when the powder leavening temperature reaches 100 ℃;

5. pack sterilization: powder by fermentation, pack with plastics bag, every bag of 0.5～1kg, then in encloses container with 100 ℃ of high-temperature sterilizations 8 hours;

6. canopy is gone in inoculation: with the former bag of culture medium after sterilization, be cooled to normal temperature after, the two ends of flat bacterium mushroom kind being implanted the culture medium raw material bag, then it is moved into booth, keep 20～25 ℃ of room temperatures in the canopy, remain on 70～80% humidity, keep health in the canopy therebetween, prevent the invasion of worm poison, prevent varied bacteria growing, leave standstill just can go out canopy in 28 days and gone on the market, survey factually, the former pocket of every 0.5kg, every bag of flat mushroom that can grow 2kg comes.

Embodiment 2: with the method that the cotton stalk powder is cultivated mushroom, it comprises the steps:

1. get the raw materials ready: get all the following raw material of cultivating base by weight ratio ready, cotton stalk 60%, fine earth 10%, wheat bran 20%, calcium superphosphate 2%, lime 3%, urea 0.5%;

2. pulverize: will pulverize machine with stainless steel after the cotton stalk drying, be ground into the powder that diameter is 10mm, stand-by;

4. fermentation: cotton stalk powder, fine earth and wheat bran after will pulverizing, mix stirring with the fertilizer water of making, again with the powder of mixing thoroughly, by every square metre of 1～50kg windrow, standing for fermentation, per 24 hours turning secondaries are to stop fermentation when the powder leavening temperature reaches 100 ℃;

5. pack sterilization: powder by fermentation, pack with plastics bag, every bag of 0.5～1kg, then in encloses container with 100 ℃ of high-temperature sterilizations 10 hours;

6. canopy is gone in inoculation: with the former bag of culture medium after sterilization, be cooled to normal temperature after, the two ends of flat bacterium mushroom kind being implanted the culture medium raw material bag, then it is moved into booth, keep 20～25 ℃ of room temperatures in the canopy, remain on 70～80% humidity, keep health in the canopy therebetween, prevent the invasion of worm poison, prevent varied bacteria growing, leave standstill just can go out canopy in 28 days and gone on the market, survey factually, the former pocket of every 0.5kg, every bag of mushroom that can grow 3kg comes.

Claims

1. method with cotton stalk powder culturing edible fungus is characterized in that: the composition and the weight percent of the cotton stalk powder culture medium of edible fungus that the present invention adopts are: cotton stalk powder 55-60%, fine earth 10-15%, wheat bran 20-25%, calcium superphosphate 0.5-2%, lime 1-3%, urea 0.1-0.5%.

2. the described method with cotton stalk powder culturing edible fungus of a claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:

1, gets the raw materials ready: get all the whole culture medium raw materials ready by the described proportioning raw materials of claim 1;