CN102218674B - 一种精密数控平旋车床 - Google Patents

一种精密数控平旋车床 Download PDF

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CN102218674B
CN102218674B CN2011101514140A CN201110151414A CN102218674B CN 102218674 B CN102218674 B CN 102218674B CN 2011101514140 A CN2011101514140 A CN 2011101514140A CN 201110151414 A CN201110151414 A CN 201110151414A CN 102218674 B CN102218674 B CN 102218674B
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ball
lathe
screw
facing head
numerical control
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CN102218674A (zh
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谭松江
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YANTAI LUCKY CNC MACHINERY CO Ltd
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YANTAI LUCKY CNC MACHINERY CO Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2011/083054 priority patent/WO2012167575A1/zh
Priority to US14/124,729 priority patent/US9623530B2/en
Priority to DE112011105246.4T priority patent/DE112011105246T5/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
    • B23Q5/44—Mechanism associated with the moving member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
    • B23B29/03—Boring heads
    • B23B29/034—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings
    • B23B29/03432—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings radially adjustable during manufacturing
    • B23B29/03435—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings radially adjustable during manufacturing by means of screws and nuts
    • B23B29/03439—Boring and facing heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2250/00—Compensating adverse effects during turning, boring or drilling
    • B23B2250/04—Balancing rotating components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
    • B23B29/03—Boring heads
    • B23B29/034—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings
    • B23B29/03432—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings radially adjustable during manufacturing
    • B23B29/03467—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings radially adjustable during manufacturing by means of gears and racks
    • B23B29/03471—Boring and facing heads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2512—Lathe having facing tool fed transverse to work

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种精密数控平旋车床，它包括平旋盘及进给滑板，所述进给滑板安装在所述平旋盘的滑槽中，在所述平旋盘内设有能带动所述滑板做径向运动的滚珠丝杠进给装置及动平衡装置。所述动平衡装置包括配重块、配重绳、固定块及滑轮。本发明由于采用滚珠丝杠传动使得进给滑板的移动位置控制准确，进而使车床的调整非常方便；由于所述动平衡装置的配重块在机床调整时能保持与进给滑板反方向移动，因此能保持平旋盘系统的平衡状态，从而减少了机床工作时的振动，有利于工件的加工精度及机床转速的提高；再是简化了驱动系统机构。本发明可完全替代由齿轮齿条驱动的传统数控平旋车床，进而提高工件的加工精度和加工效率。

Description

一种精密数控平旋车床
技术领域
本发明涉及机床领域及相关附件，尤其涉及一种精密数控平旋车床。 
背景技术
数控平旋车床由于其径向滑板可以在平旋盘上方便的的移动，被广泛的应用于对工件的切削加工领域。目前使用的数控平旋车床其滑板的径向滑动采用齿轮齿条驱动，即主齿条穿过主轴由设于车床滑枕后部的电机通过丝杠轴驱动，主齿条的另一端带动设于平旋盘内的齿轮转动，并由此齿轮带动设于滑板上的齿条运动，进而使滑板在径向上移动。该驱动结构尚存在较大的缺陷：一是由于齿轮齿条间传递动力时的回差较大，重复定位精度低，影响加工效率及工件加工精度；二是当进给滑板偏向一边时，造成平旋盘系统失去平衡，当平旋盘高速旋转时产生振动或冲击，影响工件加工精度，或限制了平旋盘的转速；三是该机构结构复杂，装配要求较高。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种精密数控平旋车床，以解决上述齿轮齿条驱动型数控平旋车床的不足。 
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种精密数控平旋车床，包括平旋盘及进给滑板，所述平旋盘上设有滑槽，所述进给滑板安装在所述平旋盘的滑槽中，其特点是：在所述平旋盘内设有能带动所述滑板做径向运动的滚珠丝杠进给装置。 
所述滚珠丝杠进给装置包括滚珠丝杠、电机、皮带及滚珠丝杠副，滚珠丝杠两端通过支撑轴承固定在平旋盘上。所述电机通过皮带连接滚珠丝杠， 所述滚珠丝杠通过滚珠丝杠副连接所述滑板。 
所述平旋盘上设有动平衡装置，所述动平衡装置包括配重块、配重绳、固定块及滑轮，所述滑轮成对设置，所述配重绳环绕在所述成对滑轮上，所述配重块固定在所述配重绳的外侧，所述固定块与所述滚珠丝杠副固定连接，所述配重绳连接所述固定块。 
所述滚珠丝杠进给装置还包括给电机提供电能的信号转换器，所述信号转换器安装在主轴的尾端，以实现静止电源信号到运动电源信号的转化。 
本发明的有益效果：一是由于采用滚珠丝杠传动使得进给滑板定位准确，进而使车床的调整非常方便，提高了加工效率；二是由于采用动平衡装置，使得平旋盘系统在滑块调整过程中能始终保持较好的平衡状态，从而减少了机床的振动，有利于工件的加工精度及机床转速的提高；三是简化了驱动系统，省去了较大的传动装置，节约了机床制造成本。 
附图说明
图1为现有技术的齿轮齿条驱动型数控平旋车床的结构示意图； 
图2为本发明的精密数控平旋车床结构示意图； 
图3为本发明的滚珠丝杠进给装置和动平衡装置在平旋盘上安装位置示意图； 
图4为图3的A-A向剖视图； 
图5为图3中滚珠丝杠进给装置的侧视示意图； 
图6是本发明所用的信号转换器结构示意图。 
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。 
如图1所示，现有技术的齿轮齿条驱动型数控平旋车床，进给滑板11 ′安装在平旋盘10′上，其驱动机构包括驱动电机06，电机06通过联轴器05带动丝杠04旋转，丝杠04与主齿条03连接，主齿条03的另一端带动齿轮02转动，齿轮02带动与进给滑板11′相连接的齿条01，进而带动进给滑板11′径向移动。整个滑块驱动系统安装在滑枕5′上，滑枕5′安装于底座1′上。这种结构的缺陷是由于齿条齿轮传动所固有的回程误差而影响了工件的加工精度，并无法保证动平衡。 
如图2-图5所示，本发明实施例所述的一种精密数控平旋车床，包括平旋盘10及进给滑板11，在平旋盘10上设有滑槽，所述进给滑板11安装在平旋盘10的滑槽中，在平旋盘10内设有能带动进给滑板11做径向运动的滚珠丝杠进给装置。 
所述滚珠丝杠进给装置包括滚珠丝杠14、电机12、皮带13及滚珠丝杠副19，所述滚珠丝杠14两端通过支撑轴承21固定在平旋盘10上。 
所述电机12通过皮带13连接滚珠丝杠14，滚珠丝杠14通过滚珠丝杠副19连接进给滑板11。 
所述平旋盘10上设有动平衡装置，动平衡装置包括配重块18、配重绳17、固定块16及滑轮20。所述滑轮20成对设置，配重绳17环绕在一对滑轮20上，配重块18固定在配重绳17的外侧，固定块16与所述滚珠丝杠副19固定连接，配重绳17连接固定块16。 
所述滚珠丝杠进给装置还包括给电机12提供电能的信号转换器15，所述信号转换器15安装在主轴8的尾端，以实现静止电源信号到运动电源信号的转化。如图2和图6所示，信号转换器15是一种进口的高端技术产品，其包括旋转端15-1、静止端15-2及引线15-3。所述旋转端15-1与主轴8同轴连接并随主轴旋转，而静止端15-2则保持固定不动，在静止端上有连接外电源的引线15-3，其可方便的将外电源信号转换成供给电机12的动力。 
本发明的精密数控平旋车床工作原理如下：滑枕5安装于底座1上，并 通过安装于底座1上的驱动主丝杠4带动沿水平轴方向移动，主丝杠4由主电机通过联轴器3带动；当需要刀具在径向移动时，车床控制系统发出指令使电机12运行，并通过带轮皮带13带动滚柱丝杠14转动，通过滚柱丝杠副19带动进给滑板11沿径向移动，达到设定值后停止进给。 
主轴8由主轴电机6通过带轮皮带7带动旋转。 
本发明所述的具有滚珠丝杠进给装置及动平衡装置的平旋盘机构还可以运用于卧铣、立铣、立车、立镗、卧镗等旋转切削类机床。 
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 

Claims (2)

1.一种精密数控平旋车床，包括平旋盘(10)及进给滑板(11)，所述平旋盘(10)上设有滑槽，所述进给滑板(11)安装在所述平旋盘(10)的滑槽中，在所述平旋盘(10)内设有能带动所述进给滑板(11)做径向运动的滚珠丝杠进给装置；
所述滚珠丝杠进给装置包括滚珠丝杠(14)、电机(12)、带轮皮带(13)和滚珠丝杠副(19)，所述滚珠丝杠(14)两端通过支撑轴承(21)固定在平旋盘(10)上，所述电机(12)通过皮带(13)连接滚珠丝杠(14)，滚珠丝杠(14)通过滚珠丝杠副(19)连接所述进给滑板(11)，其特征在于：
所述平旋盘(10)上设有动平衡装置，所述动平衡装置包括配重块(18)、配重绳(17)、固定块(16)及滑轮(20)，所述滑轮(20)成对设置，所述配重绳(17)环绕在所述一对滑轮(20)上，所述配重块(16)固定在所述配重绳(17)的外侧，所述固定块(16)与所述滚珠丝杠副(19)固定连接，所述配重绳(17)连接所述固定块(16)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的精密数控平旋车床，其特征在于：所述滚珠丝杠进给装置还包括给电机(12)提供电能的信号转换器(15)，所述信号转换器(15)安装在主轴(8)的尾端，以实现静止电源信号到运动电源信号的转化。
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CN2011101514140A CN102218674B (zh) 2011-06-08 2011-06-08 一种精密数控平旋车床
PCT/CN2011/083054 WO2012167575A1 (zh) 2011-06-08 2011-11-28 一种精密数控平旋车床
US14/124,729 US9623530B2 (en) 2011-06-08 2011-11-28 Precision CNC facing lathe
DE112011105246.4T DE112011105246T5 (de) 2011-06-08 2011-11-28 CNC-Präzisionsdrehmaschine für flache Drehung

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