CN102191789A - Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest - Google Patents
Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN102191789A CN102191789A CN201110138747XA CN201110138747A CN102191789A CN 102191789 A CN102191789 A CN 102191789A CN 201110138747X A CN201110138747X A CN 201110138747XA CN 201110138747 A CN201110138747 A CN 201110138747A CN 102191789 A CN102191789 A CN 102191789A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-point rainwater collecting device and a multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside a forest. The multiple-point measuring system of the throughfall inside the forest comprises a plurality of single-point rainwater collecting devices, a plurality of sets of collecting pipes, a plurality of collecting pipe hack levers, a plurality of rubber pipes and a rainwater collecting box, wherein the number of the single-point rainwater collecting devices is more than and equal to 30; each set of collecting pipes include a plurality of collecting branch pipes formed by connecting connection pipes; the number of the rubber pipes is the same as the number of the collecting pipes, the first end of each rubber pipe is respectively connected with the first ends of one set of collecting pipes, and the second end of each rubber pipe is connected with the rainwater collecting box; the collecting branch pipes composing each set of collecting pipes are fixed on collecting pipe brackets or the collecting pipe hack levers of the single-point rainwater collecting devices, wherein the collecting branch pipes respectively provided with sleeve pipes are connected with hopper openings of the single-point rainwater collecting devices through the sleeve pipes; cylinder fixing rings of the single-point rainwater collecting devices are arranged on support rods; rainwater collecting cylinders are fixedly connected with the cylinder fixing rings through cylinder gaskets; the hopper openings are arranged on the lower ends of the rainwater collecting cylinders and communicated with inside of the rainwater collecting cylinders; and the collecting pipe brackets are arranged on the support rods and positioned on the lower ends of the hopper openings. The invention is used for measuring the throughfall inside the forest and has the advantages of easy manufacture, flexible usage, convenience for measurement and accurate measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to penetrate in a kind of single-point collection rain device and the multipoint mode woods mensuration system of rainfall, belong to forest hyetometry technical field.
Background technology
Penetrating rainfall in the forest woods is one of main research contents of forest hydrology research, is the leading indicator of determining the crown canopy interception.For the mensuration that penetrates rainfall in the woods, the most frequently used, direct means are to lay rain gage bucket or rain-harvesting trough observation in sylvan life at present.But because the crown canopy skewness of general forest, the mensuration precision that penetrates rain for raising must guarantee certain rain area that connects.Like this, if use rain gage bucket to observe, then need to lay a large amount of rain gage buckets, the work of not only laying is numerous and diverse, and measure also wastes time and energy very much; Though and that rain-harvesting trough connects the rain area is bigger, volume is comparatively huge, carrying with comparatively inconvenience is installed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly be easy to processing and fabricating, use flexibly, measure the mensuration system that facility and measurement result penetrate rainfall accurately in the woods.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Corresponding single-point collection rain device comprises rain cylinder, card tube sheet, pole, solid tube circle, header support and bell mouth, Gu the tube circle is arranged on the pole, rain cylinder is fixedlyed connected with solid tube circle by card tube sheet, bell mouth is arranged on the lower end of rain cylinder and is connected with the inside of rain cylinder, and the header support is arranged on the pole and is positioned at lural lower end.
The mensuration system that penetrates rainfall in the corresponding multipoint mode woods comprises some, general 〉=30 a single-point collection rain device as claimed in claim 1, some cover headers, some header hack levers, some sebific ducts and a collection rain case, every cover header comprises that some affluxs that connect by tube connector are in charge of, first end of the quantity of sebific duct and every piece sebific duct identical with the quantity of header is connected with first end of a cover header respectively, second end of every sebific duct all is connected with collection rain case, each afflux of forming every cover header is in charge of on the header support that is fixed on single-point collection rain device or on the header hack lever, and wherein each afflux with well is in charge of with the bell mouth of single-point collection rain device and is connected by sleeve pipe.
The present invention has following advantage:
1., be easy to processing and fabricating: the raw material of employing are and are easy to the common materials that obtains on the market, and simple in structure, easily a large amount of processing and fabricatings;
2., use flexibly: adopt the unit construction mode, easy to assembly, set up the height of rain cylinder and pipeline and the length of connecting pipe and can debug joint according to the size groups on forest sample ground;
3., measure facility: penetrate rainfall in the woods in can measuring in a big way comparatively easily;
4., measure accurately:, make that the precision of measuring is higher owing to used a large amount of, the rain cylinder relatively uniformly that distributes when measuring.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of the single-point collection rain device that Fig. 1 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 1 expression rain cylinder wherein, label 2 expression card tube sheets, label 3 expression poles, the solid tube circle of label 4 expressions, label 5 expression header supports, label 6 expression screws, label 7 expression bell mouths;
The header hack lever schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 3 expression poles wherein, label 6 expression screws, label 8 expression band pipe holders;
Penetrate the plan structure schematic diagram of the mensuration system of rainfall in the multipoint mode woods that Fig. 3 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 11 expression headers wherein, label 12 expression sebific ducts, label 13 expression collection rain casees, label 14 expression single-point collection rain devices; Label 15 expression header hack levers;
The structural representation of the header that Fig. 4 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention; Label 31 expressions afflux not with well is in charge of, label 32 expression tube connectors, and label 33 expressions afflux with well is in charge of; Label 34 expression sleeve pipes; Label 35 expression headers first end; Label 36 expression headers second end;
The structural representation of the collection rain case that Fig. 5 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 131 expression inlet openings wherein, label 132 expression water columns, label 133 expression water valves, label 134 expression supports, label 135 expression casings.
The specific embodiment
This specific embodiment provides a kind of single-point collection rain device, as shown in Figure 1, this device comprises rain cylinder 1, card tube sheet 2, pole 3, solid tube circle 4, header support 5 and bell mouth 7, Gu tube circle 4 is arranged on the pole 3, rain cylinder 1 is fixedlyed connected with solid tube circle 4 by card tube sheet 2, bell mouth 7 is arranged on the lower end of rain cylinder 1 and is connected with the inside of rain cylinder 1, and header support 5 is arranged on the pole 3 and is positioned at the lower end of bell mouth 7.
Concrete, the internal diameter of solid tube circle 4 can be identical with the external diameter of rain cylinder 1 or be slightly larger than the external diameter of rain cylinder 1, rain cylinder 1 can be enclosed 4 with solid tube by card tube sheet 2 and combine closely, and can arbitrarily change rain cylinder 1; The bottom of rain cylinder 1 is provided with the bell mouth 7 of cylindrical hollow, is used for discharging by the rainwater that rain cylinder 1 is collected in bell mouth 7, and header support 5 is arranged on the pole 3 and is positioned at the lower end of bell mouth 7, is used for fixing the drainage pipe that is connected with bell mouth 7.
For can make rain cylinder 1 stable be arranged on certain location, the bottom of pole 3 can be set at taper, be used to insert the certain degree of depth in ground, can guarantee the stability of pole 3, can guarantee again more can not cause pole 3 to be toppled over when the quantity that is arranged on the rain cylinder 1 on the pole 3.
In order to prevent that impurity such as fallen leaves or dust from entering rain cylinder 1 and resulting in blockage, can filter screen be set in the inside of rain cylinder.
Fixing solid tube circle 4 for can be more firm has several screws 6 on pole 3, be used for by the solid tube circle 4 of screw.
On the basis of above-mentioned single-point collection rain device, embodiments of the invention provide the mensuration system that penetrates rainfall in a kind of multipoint mode woods, as shown in Figure 2, this system comprises some cover headers 11, some sebific ducts 12, collection rain case 13, several single-point collection rain device 14 and header hack levers 15, every cover header 11 comprises that some affluxs that connect to form by tube connector are in charge of 31 or 33, first end of the identical and every sebific duct 12 of the quantity of the quantity of sebific duct 12 and header 11 respectively with first end of a cover header 11 promptly 35 ends be connected, second end of every sebific duct 12 all is connected with collection rain case 13, form each afflux of every cover header and be in charge of 31 (not being with sleeve pipe), 33 (band sleeve pipes) are separately positioned on the header support of header hack lever 15 and each single-point rain trap, wherein each afflux with well is in charge of 33 and is connected by sleeve pipe 34 with the bell mouth 7 of single-point collection rain device, and afflux not with well is in charge of 31 and is passed the band pipe holder 8 on the header hack lever 15 and be fixed.
Concrete, in the multipoint mode woods is set, penetrate in the process of mensuration system of rainfall, at first lay single-point collection rain device 14, according to the spacing of about 4m * 4m on sample ground at least 30 single-point collection rain devices 14 of even laying.In the laying process pole 3 is inserted the face of land, rain cylinder 1 is fixed in the solid tube circle 4 by card tube sheet 2, and selects the suitably screw 6 of height, it is fixing by screw and pole 3 to consolidate tube circle 4; With header support 5 being installed on the pole 3 with quadrat method, make 5 spacings of reserving 1cm～5cm of bell mouth 7 bottoms and header support, be used to install header 11; Simultaneously, again filter screen is packed in the rain cylinder 1.
After laying single-point collection rain device 14 and finishing, continue to install header 11, the afflux that has sleeve pipe is inserted in the lower end of the bell mouth 7 of single-point collection rain device 14 be in charge of 33, regulate the height of header support 5 simultaneously so that the installation of header 11 is stable; The afflux that will have a sleeve pipe with tube connector 32 is in charge of 33 and was in charge of for 31 alternate linking to each other with the afflux that does not have sleeve pipe, make header 11 as shown in Figure 4, the header of being in charge of composition with 9 affluxs is an example, at least 5 affluxs wherein are in charge of the sleeve pipe 34 that 33 middle part is provided with the bell mouth 7 that is used to connect single-point collection rain device 14, all the other at the most 4 affluxs be in charge of 31 and be the common PVC pipe.The afflux that has sleeve pipe simultaneously is in charge of being connected and being in charge of 31 work with header hack lever 15 fixing affluxs not with well of bell mouth 7 of 33 sleeve pipe 34 and single-point collection rain device 14, in the time of fixedly afflux is in charge of 31 and passes in the conduit peschel of being with on the header pole 5 on the pipe holder 8.To note in the installation process inserting the degree of depth on ground or selecting the screw 6 of suitable height to regulate the height of each rain cylinder 1 by adjusting pole 3, make second end, 36 1 sides of header 11 be higher than first end, 35 1 sides, to guarantee making rainwater to flow to first end 35 from second end 36.
After installation header 11 is finished, continue to settle collection rain case 13, select suitable place to settle collection rain case 13 according to the position of single-point collection rain device 14, header 11 and the length of sebific duct, collection rain case 13 is provided with several inlet openings 131, the bottom of collection rain case 13 is provided with the water column 132 that is used to measure the water yield, the water side of water column 132 is provided with water valve 133, the bottom of the casing 135 of collection rain case 13 is a V-shape, the easy throughput water pipe 132 of rainwater of collection is flowed out, and the bottom of casing 135 is provided with support 134.Before settling in the hole of selected place excavation appropriate depth laying collection rain case 13, the degree of depth in hole and makes the side slot milling in hole measure the water yield to use so that be advisable near ground in the inlet opening of collection rain case 13.
After installation collection rain case 13 is finished, connect header 11 and collection rain case 13, pattern with reference to Fig. 3, with tube connector 32 some cover headers 11 are connected with the sebific duct 12 of respective numbers respectively, the other end with sebific duct 12 imports in the inlet opening 131 of collection rain case 13 again, and the stage casing of each sebific duct 12 is fixing with header hack lever 15, sebific duct 12 stage casings is passed the conduit peschel of the band pipe holder 8 on the header hack lever 15, regulate the height in stage casing, rainwater can be flowed in the collection rain case 13 smoothly from header 11.
In the measuring process of Lin Neiyu, the water valve 133 of collection rain case 13 delivery ports is fastened, and rainfall is opened water valve 133 later, according to the discharge of water column 132, measures the volume of rainwater in the collection rain case 13 by graduated cylinder or water meter.Wherein, rainwater volume (ml, cm in amount of precipitation (mm) in the woods=case
3)/(314.16n), usually, n 〉=30.
In addition, the mensuration system that rainfall is provided in the multipoint mode woods that can also provide by this specific embodiment estimates (the general ratio of trunk stemflow amount is very little, ignores) herein to the measurement of forest interception.Outside woods, lay rain gage bucket simultaneously, measure the outer amount of precipitation of woods.Wherein, the outer amount of precipitation (mm) of forest interception (mm)=woods-Lin Nei amount of precipitation (mm).
The technical scheme that adopts this specific embodiment to provide has following advantage:
1., be easy to processing and fabricating: the raw material of employing are and are easy to the common materials that obtains on the market, and simple in structure, easily a large amount of processing and fabricatings;
2., use flexibly: adopt the unit construction mode, easy to assembly, set up the height of rain cylinder and pipeline and the length of connecting pipe and can debug joint according to the size groups on forest sample ground;
3., measure facility: penetrate rainfall in the woods in can measuring in a big way comparatively easily;
4., measure accurately:, make that the precision of measuring is higher owing to used a large amount of, the rain cylinder relatively uniformly that distributes when measuring.
The above; only for the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (8)
1. single-point collection rain device, it is characterized in that, comprise rain cylinder, card tube sheet, pole, solid tube circle and bell mouth, Gu the tube circle is arranged on the pole, rain cylinder is fixedlyed connected with solid tube circle by card tube sheet, and bell mouth is arranged on the lower end of rain cylinder and is connected with the inside of rain cylinder.
2. single-point collection rain device according to claim 1 is characterized in that this device also comprises filter screen, and described filter screen is arranged on the inside of rain cylinder.
3. single-point collection rain device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, has several on the described pole and is used for by solid screw that encloses of screw.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described single-point collection rain devices, it is characterized in that the bottom of described pole is taper.
5. penetrate the mensuration system of rainfall in the multipoint mode woods, it is characterized in that, comprise some, general 〉=30 a single-point collection rain device as claimed in claim 1, some cover headers, some header hack levers, some sebific ducts and a collection rain case, every cover header comprises that some affluxs that connect to form by tube connector are in charge of, first end of the quantity of sebific duct and every piece sebific duct identical with the quantity of header is connected with first end of a cover header respectively, second end of every sebific duct all is connected with collection rain case, each afflux of forming every cover header is in charge of on the header support that is fixed on single-point collection rain device or on the header hack lever, wherein each afflux with well is in charge of with the bell mouth of single-point collection rain device and is connected by sleeve pipe, and the header support is arranged on pole and goes up and be positioned at lural lower end.
6. penetrate the mensuration system of rainfall in the multipoint mode woods according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described collection rain case is provided with several inlet openings, second end of each root sebific duct all is connected with an inlet opening, the bottom of collection rain case is provided with the water column that is used to measure the water yield, and the water side of water column is provided with water valve.
7. penetrate the mensuration system of rainfall in the multipoint mode woods according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described collection rain case is a V-shape.
8. penetrate the mensuration system of rainfall in the multipoint mode woods according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the middle part that has at least half afflux to be in charge of in described every cover header is provided with the lural sleeve pipe that is used to connect single-point collection rain device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110138747XA CN102191789B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110138747XA CN102191789B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102191789A true CN102191789A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| CN102191789B CN102191789B (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110138747XA Expired - Fee Related CN102191789B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102191789B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102854546A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏大学 | Portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field |
| CN103018423A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for measuring frutex rainfall interception quantity |
| CN106226130A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | A kind of forest penetrates rain collector |
| CN108196320A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-22 | 桂林理工大学 | It is portable to penetrate rain measuring system |
| CN108254806A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-06 | 桂林理工大学 | Woodland penetrates rain synthesis measuring system |
| CN108267802A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-10 | 桂林理工大学 | Woodland penetrates the manufacturing method of rain synthesis measuring device |
| CN108469635A (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-08-31 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | A kind of section rainfall collection device and section rainfall collection method |
| KR102310512B1 (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-10-08 | 주식회사 코스모테크 | Multifunctional Observation Station with Rainfall and Snowfall Measuring Device |
| CN115684495A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-02-03 | 山东大学 | Herbaceous vegetation canopy interception monitoring test device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5038606A (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1991-08-13 | Concept Engineering, Inc. | Rain gauge |
| CN2716852Y (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-08-10 | 海宁市气象局 | An auto-heating water bearing unit for rainfall sensor |
| CN201031406Y (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-05 | 石钰漳 | Collection, storage and purification apparatus for rainwater |
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2011
- 2011-05-26 CN CN201110138747XA patent/CN102191789B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5038606A (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1991-08-13 | Concept Engineering, Inc. | Rain gauge |
| CN2716852Y (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-08-10 | 海宁市气象局 | An auto-heating water bearing unit for rainfall sensor |
| CN201031406Y (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-05 | 石钰漳 | Collection, storage and purification apparatus for rainwater |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102854546A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏大学 | Portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field |
| CN102854546B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2015-02-04 | 江苏大学 | Portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field |
| CN103018423A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for measuring frutex rainfall interception quantity |
| CN106226130A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | A kind of forest penetrates rain collector |
| CN108267802A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-10 | 桂林理工大学 | Woodland penetrates the manufacturing method of rain synthesis measuring device |
| CN108254806A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-06 | 桂林理工大学 | Woodland penetrates rain synthesis measuring system |
| CN108196320A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-22 | 桂林理工大学 | It is portable to penetrate rain measuring system |
| CN108254806B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2023-10-20 | 桂林理工大学 | Comprehensive measuring system for forest penetrating rain |
| CN108267802B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2023-11-14 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for manufacturing comprehensive measuring device for forest rain penetration |
| CN108469635A (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-08-31 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | A kind of section rainfall collection device and section rainfall collection method |
| CN108469635B (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2023-09-29 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Section rainfall collection device and section rainfall collection method |
| KR102310512B1 (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-10-08 | 주식회사 코스모테크 | Multifunctional Observation Station with Rainfall and Snowfall Measuring Device |
| CN115684495A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-02-03 | 山东大学 | Herbaceous vegetation canopy interception monitoring test device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102191789B (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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